APPENDIX. 
353 
rial government was carried by armed invaders from an adjoining state, and 
for the purpose of enacting laws in opposition to the known wishes of the 
people. 
The territorial government should be withdrawn, because it is inopera¬ 
tive. The officers of the law permit all manner of outrages and crime to be 
perpetrated by the invaders and their friends with impunity, while the citi¬ 
zens proper are naturally law-abiding and order loving, disposed rather to 
suffer than do wrong. Several of the most aggravated murders on record 
have been committed, but as long as the murders are on the side of the 
oppressors, no notice is taken of them. Not one of the whole number has 
been brought to justice, and not one will be, by the territorial officers. While 
the marauders are thus in open violation of all law, nine tenths of the peo¬ 
ple scorn to recognize as law the enactments of a foreign body of men, and 
would sooner lose their right arms than bring an action in one of their mis¬ 
named courts. Americans can suffer death, but not dishonor ; and sooner 
than the people will consent to recognize the edicts of lawless invaders as 
laws, their blood will mingle with the waters of the Kansas, and this Union 
be rolled together in civil strife. 
Not only is this territorial government the instrument of oppression and 
subjugation of the people, but under it there is no hope of relief. The 
organic act permits the Legislature to prescribe the qualification of voters, 
and the so-called Legislature has provided that no man shall vote in any 
election who will not bow the knee to the dark image of slavery, and 
appointed officers for the term of four years to see that this provision is 
carried out. Thus nine tenths of the citizens are disfranchised and debarred 
from acting under the territorial government if they would. 
Even if allowed to vote, the chief executive of the country says he has 
no power to protect the ballot-box from invaders, and if the people organize 
to protect themselves, his appointees intimate that they must be disarmed 
and put down ; hence, whether allowed to vote or not, there is no opportu¬ 
nity for the people of the territory to rule under the present territorial gov¬ 
ernment. Indeed, the laws are so made and construed that the citizens of a 
neighboring state are legal voters in Kansas, and of course no United States 
force can be brought against them. They are by law entitled to invade us 
and control our elections. 
According to the organic act the people have a right to elect a Legislature, 
and that Legislature has a right to make laws, establish courts, and do every¬ 
thing but choose their executive and supreme judicial officers. If they have 
the right to do the one, they undoubtedly should have the right to do the 
other. The principle of squatter sovereignty, upon which this act is said to 
be based, knows no distinction between the power to legislate and the power 
to adjudicate or execute. If the right of one department of government is 
inherent in the people, so is the other. On this subject there is high author¬ 
ity. Gen Cass, in the Senate, said : 44 The government of the United 
80 * 
