Written for Moore’fi Rural New-YorEer 
BUTTERCUPS. 
MEDICAL EDUCATION OF WOMEN 
BT GLENN HERBERT 
Every reader of the Rural is aware of the pow¬ 
erful prejudice against giving woman a thorough 
medical education, that has always existed. Not 
only has this prejudice beeu earnest and deep- 
rooted ; it has been aggressive in the extreme. All 
attempts to inform woman concerning her own be¬ 
ing have been met by a determined hostility. Med¬ 
ical meu, as a profession, have frowned upon them ; 
society has sueered at them. 
The idea of accrediting women as physicians was 
long ridiculed. Slowly, however, the popular sen¬ 
timent began to change. One or two sensible 
ladies, caring nothing for sneers and ridicule, man¬ 
aged to acquire a knowledge of medicine, and 
proved themselves rivals of man in the practice of 
it. Thenceforward a new sphere was opened for 
woman. Sneers and ridicule did not cease, to be 
sure; they have not ceased yet. But the world be¬ 
gan to show some sympathy for the experiment; is 
now more than half convinced of its success; and 
will ultimately accept the full belief that woman 
has equal right with man to the mystic letters, “M. 
D.,” and all they imply. 
Nothing is more reasonable than that woman is 
Gertie went out in the meadow one day, 
Where the bright buttercups grow. 
Every one. nodding Us head seemed to say— 
“Little girl, how do you do?" 
So Gertie thought, and she laughed in her glee, 
And to their greeting replied, 
“I’m pretty well, as I think you must see 
Then, upon every side, 
“ Pretry well,” “ pretty well," buttercups sung, 
Nodding their heads all the while; 
Sung In their way, though without any tongue, 
Greeting her still with a smile. 
“ ButternupE, buttercups, how do you do ? 
Bravely, I know, in the sun; 
But when the rain drops are falling on you 
How do you do, every one ?” 
“ Glad of the sunlight, we never despond, 
Thongh the warm showers may fall; 
Clouds may be o'er us, there's sunlight beyond,’ 
Answered the buttercups all, 
“ Pattering rain is our blessing, we know. 
Under It thongh we may weep; 
After it larger and stronger we grow; 
For it the brighter we keep." 
A NOBLE DOG 
as to look as natural as life. Bat that dog had a 
history. His home was the convent of St. Bernard, 
away on an Alpine summit. There, in pleasant 
weather, he was wont to roll abont and play in the 
porch with his fellows, as jolly as any dog. But 
when the storm came on, and the rough weather set 
in, Barry nerved himself up for the serious business 
of life; with a little basket of meat and drink tied 
under his neck, and a warm blanket strapped on his 
hack, he set out in search of lost travelers in those 
fearful posses. 
Never a fall of snow so heavy or a fog so thick but 
Barry could find his way, and his keen scent could 
discover a traveler at a great distance, if they were 
not too benumbed to walk, the noble fellow refresh¬ 
ed them with the food he brought, and gladly parted 
with his worm cloak, and then went bounding joy¬ 
fully onward to show them the way. If they were 
fast sinking into unconsciousness, he would warm 
them with his breath and tougue, pull at their 
clothes; and if ail his efforts to arouse them failed, 
he would dash off for other help. Forty poor wan¬ 
derers owed their lives to noble Barry. Surely he 
to inconvenience him, and which disappears under 
his ecclesiastical costume. His hair is white, though 
thick; his forehead large and prominent ; the eyes 
deep set, and flashing with strange light; all the 
features are strongly marked, but in harmony with 
each other. There are no wrinkles ou the face; the 
complexion is slightly colored, but transparent. 
The mouth, somewhat prominent, gives to his 
whole physiognomy an expression of gentleness and 
of extraordinary benevolence. Had Pius IX. been 
a prince, instead of holding the highest place in the 
Catholic hierarchy, it might be said that hi* visage 
was marked by that good nature which Stendhaxl 
declares he has never yet met with in Italians. Ev¬ 
erything about him shows extraordinary vigor, and 
the longest ceremonies do not exhaust him. He 
takes a walk every day on foot in the Piucio or 
outside the walls.” 
Pope Pics IX., who claims to be the Vicegerent I 
of Christ upou earth, was born in 1792. He is 
now, therefore, seventy-five years old. His origi¬ 
nal name was Giovanni M. Pasti Ferretti. He 
was bom of a noble family. If his destiny had 
depended upon the wishes of his friends rather 
than upon his owu resolution, he would have be¬ 
longed to the Army and not to the Church. 
After his priestly ordination he attended to hi3 
pastoral duties with exemplary devotion. He was 
intrusted with delicate and important missions by 
Popes Pics VII. and Leo XII., receiving from the 
latter one of the principal ecclesiastico-civil de- 
nartments of administration in Rome. When the 
feet in height, and allowed us to approach near 
enough to poke its glowing sides with a stick. All 
along its edge boys were busy roastiug eggs for 
travelers, or embedding coins in the fluid lava, 
which they snatched out of the mass And t wisted 
off, very much as I have seen childreu manage mo¬ 
lasses caudy. The heat, even at a hundred yards 
distance, was uncomfortable, and I could not stand 
beside the moving lava for more than a few seconds 
at a time.” 
the best <[uality, which has to pass through a heavy 
press, sheet by sheet, before its strface is fit to 
receive an impression. The process thus briefly ex¬ 
plained, we need hardly add, requita equally great 
skill and judgment at every stage. A siugle error is 
instantly detected by the practices eye in the fin¬ 
ished specimen. The production if a chromo, if it 
is at all complicated, requires several months — 
sometimes several years — of careiil preparation. 
Pictures are to the home what trees are to the 
landscape, and flowers to the garden. They add a 
charm which can hardly he described. We note 
with pleasure all efforts to reflne the popular taste 
by bringing good pictures within the reach of every 
one. Oi! paintings must ever remain beyond the 
acquisition of many, but their fae similes — ehro- 
mos — may be possessed in every household. This 
comparatively new and very cheap process of re¬ 
producing fine works of art is thus described in a 
late number of the Boston Daily Advertiser: 
Chromo-Lithography is the art of printing pictures 
from stone, in colors. The most difficult branch of 
it — which is now generally implied when chroinos 
are spoken of— is the art of re-produeiug oil paint- 
| mgs. When a chromo is made by a competent hand 
exact counterpart of the original paint- 
Would it not be.curious, unuepeojie, to uiuna-uL 
flowers growing on the roeks under the deep sea? 
Well, strange as it seems, if you caul A take a peep 
into the blue depths some sunny morning, you 
! what you would be certu.a were flowers 
eliest colors and shapes. 1 hey arc in fact, 
animals, and have mouths, sud eat meat, 
: water as well as you. 
these exquisite wonders of the sea is called 
it, and is about as large as a German Aster, 
ideed ver v much like one. Imagine a large, 
A DAY’S FOOD FOR A SPIDER 
Lx order to test what a spider co id do in the way 
of eating, we arose about day-hreal one morning to 
supply his fine web with u tty. it first, however, 
the spider did not come from hi retreat; so we 
peeped among the leaves, and then discovered that, 
an earwig had been caught and now was being 
feasted on. The spider left the eirwig, rolled up 
the fly, aud at once returned to tus “ first course.” 
This was at 5.30 A. M. At 7 A. M. the earwig had 
been demolished, and the spider after resting a 
little while, came down for the tly, which he fin¬ 
ished by 9 A. M. A little after ine we supplied 
him with a daddy-long-legs, which was eaten by 
noon. At 1 o’clock a blow-tly win greedily seized, 
and with an appetite apparently io worse for his 
previous indulgence, he commenced on the blow¬ 
fly. During the day, and towards evening, a great 
manv midires had been caunht in tee web. Of these 
THE oldest relic of humanity extant is the skele¬ 
ton of one of the earlier Pharaohs, incased in its 
original burial robes, and wonderfully perfect, con¬ 
sidering its age, which was deposited about eighteen 
or twenty months ago in the British Museum, and 
is justly considered the most valuable of its arche¬ 
ological treasures. The lid of the coffin which con¬ 
tained the royal mummy, was inscribed with the 
name of its occupant, Pharaoh Mykerimus, who 
succeeded the heir of the builder of the great pyra¬ 
mid, about ten centuries before Christ, Only think 
of itl the monarch whose crumbling bones and 
leathery integuments are now exciting the wonder 
of numerous gazers in London, reigned in Egypt 
before Solomon was bora, and only abont eleven 
centuries or so afeer Mizraim, the grandson of old 
father Noah, and the first of the Pharaohs, had been 
gathered to his fathers! Why, the tide-mark of the 
deluge would scarcely have been obliterated, or tim 
gonher-wood knee timbers of the ark have rotted 
ou Mouut Ararat, when this uvan of the early world 
lived, moved aud had to being! His flesh and 
blood were contemporary with the progenitors of 
t.ho great patrician ! His bones and shriveled skin 
are contemporary with the nineteenth century, and 
the date of the crucifixion is only about midway 
Messrs. Editors It gave me much pleasure to 
read an excellent and instructive article—“ Elemen¬ 
tary Studies”—on page 9 of the Rural. I fully 
endorse the assertion, that “to spell words cor¬ 
rectly constitutes an accomplishment of no mean 
importance.” As the Rural is so earnestly inter¬ 
ested in the cause of education, I think that teach¬ 
ers should avail themselves of the opportunity 
afforded by it for discussing the best methods of 
teaching. In my school, to he “the best speller is 
a genuine honor, and sought after with eager effort.” 
With your permission, I will give my method of 
conducting the spelling classes. 
There are four classes. Borne of the classes are 
subdivided. The head of the class is a place of 
honor and merit, gained and retained by best schol¬ 
arship, good conduct and regular attendance. The 
fourth class uses the Primary Speller. To spell the 
word correetly is all that is required. The scholars 
are mostly too youug to study the whys and where¬ 
fores of long and short sounds in silent letters. 
The third class uses the Practical Speller. In addi¬ 
tion to spelling, the laws and usages of the language 
in respect to spelling aud pronunciation, and the 
true meaniug and application of words, are re¬ 
quired. I regard this class as laying the foundation 
of a sound practical education, and therefore bestow 
much time, close attention aud earnest care in see- 
iug that it is laid right and thoroughly. The second 
class corrects false orthography. They recite with 
open books, Sentences are read aloud, aud each 
scholar in turn calls out the misspelled word and 
gives the correct spelling. The first class studies 
Etymology; spells a word; tells what part of 
speech it is; gives its definition, and its root. 
satin, and each one tipped with rose cuiol lntse 
lovely petals do not He quietly in their places, like 
those of the Aster in your garden, but wave about in 
the water, while the Opeiet himself generally clings 
to a rock. 
How innocent and lovely it looks on its rocky bea. 
Who would suspect that it could eat anything gross¬ 
er than dew or sunlight,. But those beautiful wav¬ 
ing arms—as yon may call them-have another use 
besides looking pretty. They have to provide food 
for a large open mouth, which is hidden ieep down 
amongst them—so well hidden that one can scarcely 
find it. Wdl do they perform their duty, for the in¬ 
stant a foolish little ttshlet touches one of their rosy 
tips he is struck with poison, as fatal to him as 
lightning. He immediately becomes numb, and in 
| a moment stops struggling, and then the other beau- 
vrap themselves around him, and he is 
,vn into the huge, greedy month, and 
re. Then the lovely anus unclose aud 
in the water, looking as innocent and 
though they had uever touched a fish.— 
it presents an 
ing, with the delicate gradations of tints and shades, 
and with much of the spirit and tone of a production 
of the brush and pallet. 
To understand how chromos are made, the art 
of lithography must first be briefly explained. The 
stone used in lithography is a species of limestone 
found in Bavaria, aud is wrought into thick slabs 
with finely polished surface. The drawing is made 
upon the slab with a kind of colored soap, which 
adheres to the stone, and enters into a chemical 
combination with it after the application of certain 
acids and gums. When the drawing is complete 
with a sponge. The oil color (or ink) is tlien ap¬ 
plied with a common printer’s roller. Of course, 
the parts of the slab which contain no drawing being 
wet, resist the ink ; while the drawing itself being 
oily repels the water but retains the color ay plum. 
It is thus that, Without a raised surface or incis¬ 
ions,— as in common printing, wood cuts and steel 
engravings,— lithography produces printed drawings 
WAYS OF COMMITTING SUICIDE. 
Wearing thin shoes on damp nights in rainy 
weather. 
Building on the “air-tight” principle. 
Leading a life of enfeebling stupid laziness, and 
keeping tue mind in a round of unnatural excite¬ 
ment by reading trashy novels. 
Going to balls in all sorts of weather in the thin¬ 
nest possible dress. Dancing till in a complete 
perspiration, then going home through the aarnp air. 
Sleeping on feather beds in seven by nine bed¬ 
rooms. . 
Surfeiting on hot and very highly stimulating 
suppers. 
Marryiug in haste, getting an uncongenial com¬ 
panion, aud living the rest of life in mutual dissatis¬ 
faction. 
Eating without time to masticate the food. 
Allowing love of gain to so absorb our minds, as 
to leave no time to attend to our health. 
Following au unhealthy occupation because money 
can be made by it. 
Tempting the appetite with niceties when the 
stomach says no. 
Conti Iving to keep in a continual worry about 
something or nothing. 
Retiring in the small hours and rising at noon. 
Neglecting to take^proper care of ourselves when 
a simple disease first appears. 
Many children, instead of being plump anu iresu , 
as a peach, are as withered and wrinkled as last y cai * 
apples, because they do not sleep enough. Some 
physicians think that the boaes grow only during 
sleep. This I cannot say certainly; but I do know 
that those little folks who sit up late nights are 
usually nervous, weak, small, aud sickly. The rea¬ 
son why you need more sleep than your parents is 
because you have to grow aud they do not. They 
can use up the food they eat in thinking, talking and 
working, while you should save some of yours for 
growing. Ton ought to sleep a great deal, if you 
do not, you will in activity consume all you eat, and 
have none, or not enough, to grow with. \ eiy few 
smart children excel, or eveD equal, other people I 
when they grow up. Why is this? Because their 
heads, if not their bodies, are kept too busy; so L 
they cannot sleep, rest, and grew strong m body and f 
brain. Now, when your mother says Susie oi Mary, (h 
or whatever your name may he, it is time to go to T 
bed do not worry her by begging to sit up just a & 
little longer.” But hurry off t) your chamber, re- ? 
numbering that you have a gnat deal of sleeping ft 
and growing to do to make you a healthy, appy, 
ceives one merit, ana tue neau oi tue ciass two. 
These are not given in the way of pay, but as mark3 and again 
of my appreciation, which to my scholars is worth times. V 
very much. I know by experience that the system establishi 
is a good one. Scholars appreciate a teacher’s love, through t 
notice and rewards. CoVrectly direct their ambi- greater re 
tious aspiration^ to excel, and like Prtuce Alfred than to tl 
of old, they will find it an unfailing delight to learn, became, 
and will become proficient in spelling. To them not necei 
orthography is not a dry study, but an animating | painting, 
one, because of the stimulus to excel in class aud multiplie 
obtain the teacher’s approbation. Moerover, there ^ of priuti 
is the desire t® carry home a proof that they at least ! pressions 
have done well, .school children are as eager for ^ produce 
victory as was the hero of Issus, aud when they The la: 
succeed in turning a classmate down they feel as which pi 
proud as a Caesar that rode under the triumphal arch, ble in al 
I have no fault to find with any of the educational and Geri 
works, but the “ Union Speller,” “Fowle’s False give thi 
Orthography,” and “Smith’s Etymology” suit my seem to 
i system best. &• F - s - | imitatioi 
l Somerville, Tenn., Feb. 1S6S. Ib e P 
THE FLOW OF LAVA. 
