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REVERSES IN NEW YORK 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
SCOTT’S SCHOOL-MASTER. 
BY MBS. E. A. WALK KB 
Firms are constantly changing in this city. Splen¬ 
did mansions change hands suddenly. A brilliant 
party is held in an up-town house, the sidewalk is 
carpeted, and the papers are fall of the brilliant 
reception. The next season the house will be dis¬ 
mantled, and a family, “going into the country,’ 1 or 
“to Enrope,” will oiler their imported furniture to 
the public under the hammer. A brilliant equipage 
is seen in Central Park iu the early part of the sea¬ 
son, holding gaily dressed ladies and some successful 
speculators Before the season closes some Govern¬ 
ment officer or sporting man will drive that team on 
his own account, while the gay party that, called the 
outfit their own in the early part of the season have 
passed away forever This grows out of the manner 
in which business is done in New York. There is 
no thrift, no forecast, no thought for the morrow. 
A man who makes *50,000, instead of settling half 
of it on his wife and children, throws the whole 
into a speculation with the expectation of making it 
a hundred thousand. A successful Dry GoodB Job¬ 
ber, who has a balance of $75,000 to his credit, in the 
bank, instead of holding it for a wet day or a tight 
time, goes into a little stock speculation and hopes 
to make a fortune at a strike. Men who have a good 
season launch out into extravagancies and luxuries, 
and these, with the gambling mania, invariably carry 
our people under. 
A gentleman here, who had a very successful 
trade, built him an extraordinary country seat in 
Westchester county, which was the wonder of the 
age. His house was more costly than the palace of 
the Duke of Buccleuch. His estate comprised sev¬ 
eral acres laid out in tbe most expeusive manner, 
and the whole was encircled with gas lights, several 
hundred in number, which were lit every evening. 
As might have, been expected with tbe first reverse, 
(and it comes sooner or later to all, ) the merchant 
was crushed, and as he thought, disgraced; and he 
was soon carried to his sepulchre, the wife obliged 
to leave her luxurious home, and by the kindness of 
creditors was allowed, with her children, to find 
temporary refuge in the coachman’s loft in her 
stable. — A/". F. Cor. Cincinnati Gazette. 
Tna way to Heaven is narrow 
And its blessed entrance straight, 
But how safe the little pilgrims 
Who get within the gate! 
The sunbeams of the morning 
Make the narrow path so Mr, 
And these early little pilgrims 
Find dewy blessings there. 
They pass o’er rugged mountains, 
But they climb them with a song; 
For these early little pilgrims 
Have sandals new and strong. 
They do not greatly tremble 
When the Bhadows night foretell, 
For these early little pilgrims 
Have tried the path so well. 
They know it leads to Heaven 
With its bright and open gates, 
Where for happy little pilgrims 
A Saviour's welcome waits. [Advance. 
One of the reasons of the wonderful popularity of 
Sir Walter Scott’s novels, is the fact that his pic¬ 
tures are so true to nature. The reader feels that 
the great writer of romance could, were he living, 
sympathize with him in the joys and sorrows of his 
own heart, and exactly understand his feelings. Tbe 
6imple and direct appeal to nature disarms criticism. 
Our hearts tell us that the author of Waverley wrote, 
not alone to excite our interest by the narration of 
knightly exploits or the entanglements of lovers, 
but to tell as the history of his country, and of his 
heart, in the way in which his surpassing genius 
directed him. His characters, like those of the 
great Shakspeabe, are never removed from the 
temptations and weaknesses of every day life, but 
we feel that they are more and more Hire ourselves, 
and that therefore we can understand their thoughts 
and explain their actions. 
What school-teacher has ever read the “Tales of 
My Landlord,” without heartily sympathizing with 
the hard lot and thankless labors ol poor Peter 
Pattibson? To all those faithful laborers who, 
weary, but, let us trust, not without hope, are 
striving to follow in the footsteps of 8 cott’s hnm- 
ble Pattieson, the subjoined extract from the first 
chapter of “Old Mortality” will not be uninter¬ 
esting. Those who have never seen it will be glad 
that it is eoutaiued in this number of the Rural ; 
those who have read it once will read it again. 
There arc few, who have never themselves engaged 
in the work of instruction, who properly appreciate 
the difficulties of the teacher’s task. Trials, petty, 
perhaps, in appearance, but stem iu their reality, 
and powerful when added together, incessantly sur¬ 
round him ; nor can hn tell for a moment what new 
difficulties may beset him the uext. Uts nerves are 
continually in a state of tension. Ilia body may rest 
sometimes, but his mind never. Other workmen 
shape wood, or metal, or stone to suit their fancy, 
and may suffer from the misuse of their tools or 
from carelessness; his task is to mold the living 
mind, and while any fault of his own is visited with 
a double penalty, be is responsible for the actions 
of others who, too often, through intent or thought¬ 
lessness, arc seeking to do him injary. That there 
arc many enjoyments peculiar to and inseparable 
from the teacher’s life, we do uot deny; that he 
has many trials, both of the head and heart, we 
assert and know to be true. 
How we would love to look over and review the 
long line of school teachers who belong to the 
Rural army, as they read the words of simple, lov¬ 
ing, true-hearted Peter Pattieson, and to listen to 
the half-uttered thought which will rise in their 
hearts that it has been ever so with them. 
“ ‘Most readers,’ says the manuscript of Mr. Pat- 
TiESON, 4 must have witnessed with delight tbe joy¬ 
ous hurst which attends the dismissing of a village 
school on a fine summer eveuiusr The buoyant 
spirit of childhood, repressed with so much dif¬ 
ficulty during the tedious hours of discipline, may 
then be seen to explode, as it were, in shout, and 
song, and frolic, as the little urchins Join iu groups 
on their play-ground, and arrange their matches of 
sport for the evening. But there is one individual 
who partakes of the relief afforded by the moment 
of dismission, whose feelings are not so obvious to 
the eye of the spectator, or so apt to receive his 
sympathy, i mean the teacher himself, who, stun¬ 
ned with the hum, and suffocated with the closeness 
of his school-room, has spent the whole day, (him¬ 
self against a host,) in controlling petulance, excit¬ 
ing indifference to action, striving to enlighten stu¬ 
pidity. and laboring to 60 ften obstinacy; and whose 
very powers of intellect have been confoundedly 
hearing the same dull lesson repeated a hundred 
times by rote, and only varied by the various blun¬ 
ders of the reciters. Even the flowers of classic 
genius with which his solitary fancy is most grati¬ 
fied, have been rendered degraded, hi his imagina¬ 
tion, by their connection with tears, with errors, 
and with punishment; so that the Eclogues of Vir¬ 
gil and Odes of Horace are each inseparably allied 
in association with the sullen figure and monotonous 
recitation of some blubbering school boy. If to these 
mental distresses are added a delicate frame of body, 
aad a mind ambitious of some higher distinction 
than that of being the tyrant of childhood, the 
reader may have some slight conception of the 
relief which a solitary walk, in the cool of a fine 
summer evening, affords to the head which has 
ached, and the nerves which have been shattered, 
for so many hours, in plying the irksome task of 
public instruction.’” 
^iscirultuf f 
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker. 
A STORY FOR VERY LITTLE FOLKS 
FISH CULTURE. —No. I 
EARLY history. 
The subject of fish raising is receiving much 
attention in various quarters, and is, we think, 
worthy <sf general consideration. It is by no means 
a novel idea, though many persons, hereaway and 
thereaway, who of late have heard and read some¬ 
what of the efforts of Seth Green and others to 
propagate fish artificially, probably deem it so. To a 
certaiu extent, pisciculture was practiced among the 
ancients, who had a remarkable fondness for large- 
sized specimens of the tinny tribe. Those old Ro¬ 
mans, who so zealously catered to their appetites, 
regardless of expense, used to construct fish ponds 
at enormous cost, and in them fatten and propagate 
a supply of the desired lux ury for their tables But 
though in a measure skillful, the ancients never ac¬ 
quired the art of transplanting the ova, and rearing 
fishes from the eggs. 
RT SUSIE V. STORM’S, 
There is a river in the ocean. In the severest 
drouths it never fails, and in the mightiest Hoods 
it never overflows. Its banks and its bottom are of 
cold water, while its current is of warm. The Gulf 
of Mexico is its fountain, and its month is in the 
Arctic Seas. It is the Gulf Stream. There is in the 
world no other so majestic flow of water. Its cur¬ 
rent is more rapid than the Mississippi or the Ama¬ 
zon, and its volume more than a thousand times 
greater. Its waters, as far out from the Carolina 
coasts, are of an indigo blue. They arc so distinctly 
marked that this liue of junction with the common 
sea-water may be traced by tbe eye. Often one-half 
of the vessels may be perceived floating in the gulf- 
stream water, while tbe other half is iu the common 
water of the sea, so sharp is the line and the want 
of alliuity between these waters; and such, too, the 
reluctauce, so to speak, on the part of those of the 
Gulf Stream to mingle with the common water of 
the sea. In addition to this, there Is another'pe- 
culiar fact. The fishermen on the coast of Norway 
are supplied with wood from the tropics by the 
Gulf Stream. Think of the Arctic fishermen burn¬ 
ing upon their hearths the palms of Hayti, the 
mahogany of Honduras, aud the precious woods 
of the Amazon and the Orinoco! 
Let a man, then, say, My house is here in the 
country, for the culture of the country; an eating- 
house and sleeping-house for travelers it shall be, 
but it shall be much more. I pray you, O excellent 
wife! not to cumber yourself and me to get a rich 
dinner for this man or this woman who has alighted 
at our gate, nor a bed-chamber made ready at too 
great a cost. These things, if they are curious in, 
they can get for u dollar at any village. But let 
this stranger see, if he will, in your looks, in your 
accent and behavior, your heart and earnestness, 
your thought and will, that which he cannot buy at 
any price at any village or city, and which he may 
well travel fifty miles and dine sparely and sleep 
hard In order to behold. Certainly, let the board 
be spread and let the bed be dressed for the trav¬ 
eler; but let not the emphasis of hospitality lie in 
these tbingB. Honor to the house where they are 
simple to the verge of hardship, so that there the 
intellect is awake and sees the laws of the universe. 
The soul worships truth and love; honor and cour- 
t -y flow into all the deeds.— Emerson. 
"v. 
FIGURE III—OUT-DOOR HATCHING BOX. 
al fe- interstices among the gravel. When thus arranged, 
frog. a lft yer, composed of rather large, flat stones an 
trav- * nc ^ ant * a half or two inches square, is spread over 
irtifi- the ova, heed being taken not to squeeze them, 
their The box should be furnished with a lid, of wooden 
frame-work and perforated zinc center. A series of 
such, similar to those shown in Figure 4, can be 
readily constructed upon a stream having a slight 
fail. The plan was introduced in England by Mr. 
Hi Francis Francis, author of a work on the breed¬ 
ing and rearing of fish, and was adopted by the 
m “Thames Angling Preservation Society.” 
Figure 4 represents apparatus quite similar, the 
|1| boxes in this case being six feet long, one foot wide 
r A and seven inches deep, each box over-lapping the 
i ’ h succeeding, and the inflowing of the stream regu- 
P jj., iated by a hatchway and guarded by perforated zinc. 
Mr. Frank Bucki.and, Iu “Fish Hatchiug,” de¬ 
scribes this apparatus as being employed in the 
Galway salmon fisheries with great success, many 
thousands of salmon having been hatched by means 
thereof. 
“I wonder where Dot Is ?” Mrs. Lockwood said, 
after an hour had passed, and nothing was to be 
heard of the little girl she had sent out into the 
garden to play just as the clock struck two. “ Dot ! 
Dot!” she called, but uo child-voice answered her. 
She went out among the flowers, where she had 
seen her little girl last, but she was uot there. Then 
she spied the open gate, and outside in the sandy 
road was the print of little feet. The steps were 
turned to the grassy border on the side of the road, 
and she could see where Dot had trampled down 
the grass here and there. So she followed on the 
crooked, halting trail, and fouud, at last, where Dot 
had turned off from the road, and gone in search of 
flowers she knew well enough, for she found the 
broken stems of the red blossoms, with foot-prints 
all about in the moss, and then she saw whore the 
track branched off toward the lilies. She followed 
it, wondering how much further Dot had wandered, 
when suddenly she caught sight of her, fast asleep 
under the great, golden blossoms, witli’Spot curled 
up like a ball of white wool, beside ber. 
“Dot!” she called, softly. 
Aud Dor opened her blue eyes sleepily, and asked 
if she had got to grandma’s yet! 
And that was the way Dot’s" visit to grandma 
ended. 
The people of England and France are beginning 
to give the girls as high an order of education as the 
boys. In the former country a Cambridge examina¬ 
tion system has been established, under which classes 
of girls under the age of 18 have been formed in 
various towns of England, and also in the city of 
London. In these classes the girls are examined in 
various branches of study, including some of the 
severest, such as geometry and algebra, and the 
most distinguished obtain certificates which, like 
college degrees, may be serviceable to them iu their 
future lives. The Empress Kugeuie patronizes a 
similar movement in France, which was somewhat 
appropriately inaugurated inSorbonne iu December- 
Great numbers of young ladies attended the lectures 
there, among whom were two young relations of 
Eugenie herself. This system of superior instruc¬ 
tion for girls has been adopted iu thirty or forty 
other towns of tbe departments. 
This is to many persons a matter of high impor¬ 
tance. Nervous persons, who are troubled with 
wakefulness and excitability, usually have a strong 
teudeucy of blood to the brain, with cold extremi¬ 
ties. The pressure of the blood ou the brain keeps 
it in a stimulated or wakeful state, and the pulsa¬ 
tions in the head are often painful. Let them rise 
and chafe the body and extremities with brush ot 
towel, or rub smartly with the hands to promote 
circulation, and withdraw the excessive amount of 
blood from the brain, and they will fall asleep in a 
few moments. A cold bath, or a sponge bath, aud 
rubbing, «r a good run or a rapid walk in the open 
air, or a going up and down stairs a few times just 
before retiring, will aid iu equalizing circulation 
and promoting sleep. These rules are simple aud 
easy of application in the castle or cabin, and may 
minister to the comfort of thousands who would 
freely expend money for an anodyne to promote 
“nature’s sweet restorer, balmy sleep.” 
College Intelligence.— 1 The general intelligence 
of young men in college was very aptly illustrated, 
the other day, by a William’s freshman. The pass¬ 
age, “ there with fitting tears may you moisten the 
ashes of your poet friend,” had been translated 
from one of Horace’s odes, and the tutor had re¬ 
marked that tlie remains of the poet Shelley hud 
also been disposed of by cremation, when the fresh¬ 
man eagerly inquired whether Horace had Shelley in 
mind when he wrote the lines under discussion. 
Perhaps the arguments for the abolition of classical 
study in our colleges are not so baseless after all.— 
Springfield Republican. 
Imitation is the sineerest of flattery. 
Language is a part of a man’s character. 
Compliments are only lies in court clothes. 
Action is happiness here, and without action 
there can be no heaven. 
The wider the base of life, the higher may we 
hope to raise the summit. 
He who receives a good turn should never forget 
it; he who does one should never remember it. 
Who gives of his superfluity does good to others; 
who gives of his necessity docs good to himself. 
That which moveth the heart most is the best 
poetry; it comes nearest unto God, the source of all 
power. 
Value the friendship of him who stands by you iu 
the storm; swarms of insects will surround you in 
the sunshine. 
I think the first virtue is to restrain the tongue; 
he approaches nearest to the gods who knows how 
to be silent, even though he is right. 
One of the annoyances to which people are sub¬ 
ject on railroads is the elickety-clack all the time 
making itself heard above the rumble of the wheels 
and the snorting of the engine, and any or all the 
other noises combined. This is to a certain extent 
a necessity, for it Is occasioned by the wheels pass¬ 
ing over the open spaces between the rails. Some¬ 
times, indeed, the unevenness occasioned by one 
rail-end being above or below its neighbor increases 
this racket; but the open 6paee itself is the main 
cause. This might be remedied by a closer contact, 
but that the expansion of the irou rails on a road, 
say 500 miles in length, iu a good hot summer’s day, 
will amount to nearly a quarter of a mile beyond 
the extent to which the same rails will contract on 
a snapping day in winter. Without the joints there 
I would be a pretty state of things. 
FIGURE II—IN-DOOR HATCHING BOXES. 
But though fish culture was thus early proven to 
be feasible, it received very little attention. So lit¬ 
tle heed was paid to it, indeed, that the memory of 
all experiments and successes quite faded from the 
public mind, and when, in 1848, ;t was announced 
to the French Academy of Sciences that two fisher¬ 
men had successfully prosecuted artificial fecunda¬ 
tion, the announcement was considered by many to 
be a new discovery. In Scotland, however, ten years 
previous to this, Mr. John Shaw had succeeded in 
artificially fecundating the ova of the salmon, mak¬ 
ing his experiments iu the river Nith. The labors 
The Lord Bless My Pennies.—A little girl df six 
years old, who was very desirous of putting her 
pennies Into the Missionary-box with others, when 
saying her evening prayers at her father’s knee, 
hesitated a moment, and then added, “ Lord bless 
my two pennies for Ji-sus’ sake. Amen.” After the 
child had gone to bed, her father asked his wife, 
“What made Grade say that?” “She has prayed 
thus every night since giving her pennies to the 
Missionary-box,” was the mother’s reply. 
in Rules for Reading, —Better to read one good 
l? book carefully than to read ten carelessly. Be slow 
} to begin to read a book, if it is likely you will not 
0 have time to finish it. Be careful how you spend 
time in reading books which urc not worth reading, 
h You had better throw away money than time, for 
{ time is worth more than money. As a bad man may 
y. have a good name, so a bad book may have a good 
title. 
Affection, like spring flowers, breaks through 
the most frozen ground at last; and the heart which 
seeks but for another heart to make it happy will 
never seek in vain. 
The opera was first introduced in London in 1710 
aud iu America in 1835. 
