the inventor challenges any colorman or painter to 
produce a green equal to it for live times the price. 
After painting, the color left in the pot may be cov¬ 
ered with water to prevent it from skinning, and the 
brushes, as usual, should be cleaned with the paint¬ 
ing-knife and kept under water. A brighter green 
may be formed by omitting the blue-black. A 
lighter green may be made by the addition of ten 
pounds of ground white lead. A variety of greens 
may be obtained by varying the proportions of the 
blue and yellow. Observe that the wet blue must 
be ground with the incorporated oil, preparatory to 
its being mixed with the mass. 
IV. —Stone Color. 
Lime-water, -1 gallons. $ 04 
Whiting, 112 pounds. 112 
White lead, ground. 28 ponnds. 2 21 
Road dust, 50 pounds. 10 
Prepared fish oil, 2 gallons. 1 20 
Incorporated oil, 3# gallons... S 00 
Linseed oil. 3# ditto... 3 15 
Weighs 293 pounds... $9 B6 
The above stone color, fit for use, is not three and 
a half ceuts per pound. 
V. —Brown Red. 
Lime-water, R gallons. I OS 
Spanish brown, 112 pounds. 3 SO 
Road dust, 5584 pounds.*. 40 
4 gallons of fish oil, .. 2 10 
4 ditto Incorporated oil. 2 2* 
4 ditto linseed oil........ 3 00 
Weighs 501 pounds...$12 12 
This paint iB scarcely two and a half cents jjer 
pound. The Spanish brown must be In powder. 
VI. —4 good Chocolate Color is made by the addi¬ 
tion of blue-black, in powder, or lamp-black, till 
the color is to the painter's mind; and a lighter 
brown may be formed by adding ground white lead. 
By ground lead, is meant white lead ground in oil. 
VII. — Yellow 1b prepared with yellow ochre in pow¬ 
der, in the same proportion as Spanish brown. 
VIII. —Black is also prepared in the same propor¬ 
tion, using lamp-black or blue-black. 
it wonderful they should be. The anticipated “good 
time” is long in “comiug.” But those anticipa¬ 
tions have been thus far defeated by natural and 
political causes, which are clearly traceable and 
explainable. These must, in the nature of things, 
gradually cease to operate. It Is only a question of 
time. According to the immutable laws of trade— 
the laws of demand and supply — no industry con¬ 
nected with the production of a great and indis¬ 
pensable agricultural necessary of life, ever did or 
ever can, in a free government, remain permanently 
depressed below other branches of production. Each 
such industry has its “ ups and downs "—one about 
as often as another. Reaction and prosperity always 
follow the latter. In such periods of depression, the 
weak-kneed brethren desert the canse; and there 
are always croakers, as wise a? owls, especially buy¬ 
ing croakers, who can give a thousand good reasons 
why the existing state of things must be permanent. 
We have been a practical wool grower over a third 
of a century. We have seen a good many ups and 
downs in wool production. The present depression 
is a long and severe one. It is as certain that it will 
pass away when the normal conditions of success¬ 
ful trade arc restored, as that all such preceding 
depressions have passed away. And when that 
occurs, if the present tariff can be retained, there is 
every reason to believe that the wool grower will 
have a long, and probably uninterrupted career of 
prosperity. The man who has spent any consider¬ 
able portion of his life or capital in establishing 
choice (locks, 56 exceedingly unwise to abandon or 
sacrifice them now, when depression has reached its 
climax, and when every change must be for the 
better. 
of about 1,500 gallons content, is a quantity of liquid, 
composed of a strong lye taken from a boiler, and re¬ 
duced by cold water to a temperature of 110. The lye is 
composed of 2 lbs. of soda and 1 lh, of soap to 100 gallons 
of water, more soap and less soda being used when there 
is little yolk in the wool. In this dilated warm bath, 
half a dozen sheep are made to ewim for six minutes; 
then walned up an incline, and let stand to drip before 
being driven to a cold-water bath. This is a similar, but 
smaller wooden vat, and here the sheep are placed under 
a douche of cold water, pouring from a spout with a fall 
of seven feet, two men standing In the water and holding 
and turning each sheep under tUe pouring stream for 
about a couple of minutes. We are told that, In this 
way. the very dirtiest fleeces become in a few minutes as 
clean as t hey can be made, and that the vats of the size 
mentioned, with two spouts of water, are sufficient for 
washing 800 sheep in a day. Hot-water washing and 
spouting the skin are said to throw out more yolk, to kill 
most of the ticks, ana to raise the value of the wool very 
materially indeed. 
"Mr. John Falconer of Tarong, Queensland, purifies 
bis sheep's coats as follows:—About 200 or more sheep 
are tightly jammed in an octagonal shed of 38 feet diame¬ 
ter, and their fleeces saturated with cold water from a jet 
at tached to an India-rubber bose. They are then marched 
up a lane, of one hurdle breadth, to the bot-water tank— 
a wooden vat, about 11 feet square by 4 feet deep, with a 
•dry box’ in the middle, in which stand two meu to wash 
the sheep with wooden crutches, Four sheep at a time 
are washed in the hot, soapy liquid tor two minutes, then 
they walk out by an incline, and stand to drip for two 
minutes on a stage floored with galvanized iron. The 
vat is supplied by a tube from a smaller tank, in which 
the liquid is mixed; 20 lbs. of soap (not soft soap) and 20 
lbs, of soda lasting lor a day's work. The water is heat- 
ed by passing through a series of 12 horizontal tubes, of 
2-inch bore, connected together by bends or elbows, and 
set iu a furnace level with the ground. Boiling water 
cau be got in about ten minutes, and the proper tempera- 
tnre for the hot bath is 110' [t 100'.] After dripping, the 
sheep are placed one at a time under a spout, having &ti 
opening of 24 inches by one-half an inch, with a head 
pressure of 8 or 9 feet. The sheep are finished under the 
three spouts, at tho rate of 130 to 160 per hour, With six 
men to spout them. Three horses work the centrifruga) 
pump, which supplies all the water. With a portable en¬ 
gine, boiler and pump at any flockmastcr’s command, 
with vats easily made, no scarcity of water, soap and 
soda cheap enough, and a good prospect of obtaining 
several shillings per tod extra for white wool, is it not 
worth somebody's while to try what a little warm water 
will do for day-stained or gritty fleeces in this country?” 
factories in the county, last year, was 2,434, and the 
number of pounds of cheese made 1,032,321. The 
amount of cheese and butter made in the same 
county at private dairies is quite large, and is not 
included in the preceding figures. 
What Four Cows Bid.— .J. W. Chase, Bridgewater, 
informs the Utica Herald that four cows in one year 
supplied a family of three persons with milk and 
butter, and furnished for market besides cheese 
amounting to $360.40; butter, $222,78; calves, 
$29.31, total, $532.49. This season he milks three 
cows, whose daily yield of milk in the early part of 
June was 104 ponnds. 
The Milk Fever—Cold Water .—It is Baid that cows 
suffering from febrile attacks may often be relieved 
by dashing cold water freely over them. If the ani¬ 
mal is in a state so critical as to render the chances 
of recovery by ordinary means donbtfnl, a resort 
to this assumed remedy can scarcely make matters 
worse, if it should fail of doing any good. 
Still Hot and Dry.— The past week has been a con¬ 
tinuation of the heated term, making the third successive 
one of intensely warm weather. So many hot days in 
succession have not been witnessed here in the last 
twenty years. It has been an excellent time for cutting 
hay and for harvesting wheat, which is now heing prose¬ 
cuted with great vigor. A few more days of dry weather 
will see the wheat harvest over and the crop s eenred in 
admirable order. Corn stands the drouth better than 
most crops, and is advancing rapidly. It. is now fully up 
with the season, though planting was later by two weeks 
than is ordinarily the case iu this section. Pastures are 
parching badly, and the. consequence is a considerable 
decrease in dairy products. Potatoes, too, require rain, 
as do the wells and cisterns; but there are no signs that 
the dry term is near its ending. The heavens are brazen 
The Pkrcheron House,— The above is the title of a 
12mo. work of a hundred pages, written by CTlahleb Dtr 
ntrrs, a distinguished French author, and published In 
English by Orange Judd & Co. The Pcrcburon horse 
is one of the best in the world for draft, and ho also pos¬ 
sesses an attractive style, free action and considerable 
speed. He lakes his name from the Department of 
Perche, in the Interior of France, where the breed origi¬ 
nated, and has been carefully improved and kept pure for 
centuries. Our author believes the Fercheron sprung 
from Arabian ancestry, introduced by the hosts of the 
Saracen chief, Abderame, who was defeated by Charles 
Martel, on the plains of Youiliq, where more than 
300,000 infidels were slaughtered, and the progress of 
Saracen conquest in Europe checked forever. The horses 
they rode were from tho East, and as spoils of the com¬ 
bat many were assigned to the men of La Perche, and 
became the progenitors of the present famous race. The 
original type has bceb modified by mixture with neigh¬ 
boring races, by climate, soil, the temper of the people, 
and continual efforts made to mould the breed to meet 
their requirements. Tbe present Percheren is generally 
from 14 to 16 hands high, and hiB original color is gray; 
skin fine; mane silky and abundant; eye large and ex¬ 
pressive ; ear fine; neck rather short and well filled not; 
forehead broad; nostrils open and dilated,. shoulder 
pretty long and sloping; body well rounded, and foot 
rather flat, but excellent. The book is embellished with 
fine portraits of animals of the Percheron breed, owned 
by W. T. Walters of Baltimore. 
New York Cheese Market .—The demand for cheese 
in the New York city market was very active last 
week, and prices a shade higher, 15%c. for occa¬ 
sional fancy lots. The receipts aggregated 40,000 
boxes. Factories ranged from 13(ml(ie. 
Little Falls Cheese Market .—The Utica Herald gives 
a summary of cheese sales at Little Falls and v cin- 
ity, up to July 13th. These comprised the products 
of some thirty factories at an average of about Ti V£e 
the highest being 15 cents. The general aggregate, 
which must have been quite large, is not given. 
One factory sold for the- week endiDg July 7th, two 
sales, 10,885 pounds, 
The Foreign Market .—The Herald has advices from 
London and Liverpool to June 27th. It says :—“ In 
Liverpool Bales are reported steady during the week, 
at 45@52s. for medium to tine old factories, aud 48i£ 
50s. for good to finest new-make. Imports for the 
week, 4,041 boxes. 
Our London correspondents say that all the fine 
old cheese heing closed oil the market, the best de¬ 
scription of new are in good request at advanced 
quotations, 6ay oOpTOOa. for best, and 48@54s. for 
good. Another London correspondent gives us the 
following quotations:—English, Cheddar, 66@S0s.; 
New Wiltshire, double, 4fi@B2s.; Cheshire, 40@7Gs,; 
American, extra fine, 56^049.; good, 50@543.; sec¬ 
ondary, 44(i/4M.; new, 52@58s, Edams, 40(0,488.; 
‘Goudas,’ 30(o 40s.; Derby shape, 40(o44s.” 
LOOKING ONE WAY AND ROWING 
ANOTHER.” 
A Chicago Correspondent writes ns: 
“You state in the Rural of July 4th that Thomas Mc- 
Graw & Co., wool merchants, 186 Congress St.., Boston, 
pell wool on ltF merits, dipresrardin^ the buyers’ rule?. 
The senior partner in that firm. Thomas MoGraw. Esq., 
of Detroit, was the President of the late Michigan Wool 
Buyers’ Convention at. Detroit, -Jane 2d, which no! only 
re affirmed the rules, bnt pledged Its members to buy 
wool "only on these conditions,” and to discharge all 
buying agents who In “ any cash ” deviated from them. 
It has, therefore, been conjectured bv some, that you ac¬ 
cidentally fell into an error on the subject, for Mr. ATc- 
Grav is not supposed to be a man who would look one 
way and row another in such a matter. Will you be good 
enough to turn to the letter of the Boston partners and 
see wit ether you were correct or not.” 
On addressing tbe Boston house our circular of 
June 23d, we received the following reply, which 
we give verbatim; 
Boston, June 24, 1868, 
Henry S. Randall, Esq. 
Dear Sir : Yours of the 22d at hand. Contents noted, 
and in reply would say that we sell our wool principally 
on its merits, without reference tO'.L' or anything of the 
kind. Quality and condition arc our standards; we sell 
litt le at a discount of #, But generally it (is; at the best 
rates we can obtain. 
Yours truly, Thos. Whitaker, 
for Thomas MoGraw & Co. 
We know nothing of the connection of Mr. Mc- 
Gkaw of Detroit, with the above firm, but if, as 
asserted by our correspondent, he is its senior part¬ 
ner, he is evidently wry capable of “looking one 
way and rowing another.” But wo dislike to char¬ 
acterize such conduct properly, without beiug sure 
of our man. If the President of the Michigan Wool 
Bayers’ Convention is not u partner iu the Boston 
firm, we proffer him the use of our columns to re¬ 
lieve himself from a supposed position, in the prem¬ 
ises, which no business man of integrity would 
willingly oocupy. 
EDITED BY HENRY 8. RANDALL, LL. D, 
IMPORTS OF WOOL, 
New Di-eabe in Lambs.— Tbe Gardeners - Chronicle re¬ 
cords the appearance of a mysterious and fatal disease in 
lambs |n one of the eastern connlies of England:— 
“ There Is a large tract of fine alluvial land in one of our 
eastern connlies, well drained, and lying under a dry cli¬ 
mate, where 6bcep breeding has been followed for very 
many years. The owes are tupped and lambed upon old 
pasture, and the lambs suckled — and to a large extent 
also weaned—upon old pasture, the proportion of clover 
or two years’ seeds being very email, Undoubtedly, 
lambs were a better business there at one time than they 
seem to be now. The losses are often excessively heavy, 
and the flockmast.ers can ecarcely believe some of the 
hill-countrymen, who boast their large falls of lambs, 
carried through a summer without any serious difficulty 
from the all-) ire valent ‘scouring.’ Of late years Ill-luck 
has visited particular neighborhoods, with what the 
shepherds, seeing it. for the first time, suppose to be a 
new malady. Lambs at ten weeks to three months old 
begin to do badly; their Heeces look dry and ‘penny,’ 
and abound with ticks j they 1 nab ’ or bite their wool; 
they suffer from obstinate diarrhe a: they die suddenly. 
In their stomachs are found large pellets of wool; in 
their small intcFlinos are quantities of tape-worms. 
Last Monday, on a farm well known to us, a lamb died 
suddenly—so suddenly that it was found with its mouth 
full of fresh grass just as munched off the sward; tho 
bowels were highly distended with gas; a large clot of 
wool had passed the first stomach, and the smaller intes¬ 
tines were full of tape ^vurraa. Last, year the same far¬ 
mer lost more than twenty, and stffijfcghbor of his lost 
more than fifty lambs, affected in thi?*way.” 
Gapes in Chickens—Recipe.— In the Rural of April 
23th we published an article entitled “Hints to Foul, 
tcrers,” in which onr correspondent, Lomas, gave a re¬ 
ceipt for curing gapes in chickens. Subsequently, June 
21st, we received a communication from H. S,, Auburn, 
denouncing the prescription as fatal to a brood of chick¬ 
ens to which it, was administered. This was enclosed to 
the author of the recipe, who returned it with the fol¬ 
lowing reply: 
„ .. Albany, .Inly 12,1868. 
Editors Rural My only object In writing “ Hints to 
I oiiitorore 1 wan to cliftn*c tho experience of many years 
among poultry, thereby desirous of doing good to my 
fellow poulterers, I have been a very large loser by the 
disease known as gapes. Experiments resulted In the 
well tried recipe,” which, having been used in my yard 
and all neighboring yards, lias never failed In a single in¬ 
stance in seven years, I have reared several thousands 
of clucks, which passed this ordeal with only the host re¬ 
sults. I declare the mixture harmless In Its largest use; 
and think if any harm 1ms come from baptism it must 
have been from materials other than those named in the 
recipe. Desirous of your con United good confidence, I 
remain, • Lomah 
Tiie following amounts of wool were imported at 
New York, during the first six months of 1866, 1867 
and 1868. In 1806, £4,143,173. 
England. 
Argentine Republic 
France. 
Africa. 
Brazil. 
New Grenada. 
Dutcli West Indies. 
Mexico. 
Clsplatlao Republic 
Robs t a. 
British East. Indies, 
British Australia. . 
British West indies 
Turkey...,. 
Total. 
Oat Meal as Food. 
A communication recently appeared in the 
Syracuse Journal recommending oat meal as one of 
the prominent articles of food, especiaUy for chil¬ 
dren. “ If,” 6ays the writer, “mothers would have 
their children grow np clear-eyed and comely, with 
frames of bone and not of cartilage, with trans¬ 
parent complexions instead of muddy ones, with 
fall and well-rounded limbs instead of thin and 
scrawny ones, do not always set before them bread 
of fine flonr and highly-seasoned meats, but give 
them four or five times a week a breakfast of oat 
meal mush. Do you say they don’t like it? Per¬ 
haps you don’t know how to prepare it properly. 
The Scotch method of preparing oat meal (or 
rather one of the methods,) is to make a very thin 
mush, a little thicker than gruel, and well salted. 
The water should be salted when the meal is stirred 
in, and the boiling should continue three to five 
minutes (not more) after the thickening is finished. 
This, eaten with sugar and milk, with milk alone, 
or with syrup, is highly palatable, and is generally 
liked by children whose tastes are not vitiated by 
indulgence. Oaten bannocks are made by mixing 
the meal with water and a little salt, and baking in 
little patty-pans about twenty minutes, or they may 
be baked on a griddle.” 
Bales. Weight. 
lbs. 
England. 630 2H7,;»:.0 
Argentine Republic. 2,869 1.803,878 
France. 149 42,457 
Africa. 1.142 493,661 
Brazil... 1,053 754,082 
New Grenada... . 
Dutch West Indies. 44 s.oso 
Mexico. 5 1,050 
Clsplatlne Republic. 317 63,465 
Russia... 8,377 3,122,013 
British East Indies. . . 
British Australia. . 
British West Indies. 10 475 
Turkey. 429 210,963 
Total. 15,075 6,790,561 *1,105,945 
The imports of wool at Boston, during the first 
six months of the same years, were from— 
,—1866—1 r-1867-^ ,—1868—, 
England. 814,183 537,491 373,4-15 
Buenos AyTeB.... 11,168,176 4.9S9.6U 1X28,548 
France. 3,201 86,233 .19,885 
Turkey. 537,866 898,719 078,888 
Cape of Good Hope. 1,559,982 479,192 519.484 
Malta. .... _ 
•Chill and Peru. 806,791 1,60S,325 1,461.076 
Entered 
Value. 
*65,165 
248,409 
7,920 
70,218 
90,103 
ONTARIO AND LIVINGSTON CO. (N. Y.) 
WOOL SCOURING. 
Hemlock Lake, N. Y., July 9, 1868. 
Hon. H. S. Randall: 
Dear Sir :—The following is the scouring record 
of the fleeces scoured by N. W. Matheu it Sons, 
woolen manufacturers of Livonia, N. Y., scoured 
under the auspices of the Union Wool Growers’ 
Association of Ontario and Livingston Co’s, and 
are the fleeces marked for scouring in the shearing 
record published in Rural June 0th, 
John P. Ray, Seely. 
Ace of Age of Wt. of Wt. of Wt. Sc’d 
sheep, ttecoc. carc’ss. fleece. Wool. 
Owners. Sex. y.m.d.y.m.d. lhs. oz. lbs. oz. lbs. oz. 
J.C.Short. Ewe 1 1 21 1 1 21 51 8 13 2 4 13# 
John P. Kay.Ewe 1 1 8 1 1 3 51 10 2>J 4 llV 
H. M. Boardmau Ewe 1 2 8 1 2 3 75 16 13 r, su 
Brons'iutMar’ur Ewe 3 1120 37 16 15 6 9 
Levi Noble.Ram 3 11 21 108 24 2 9 3 
CBBlTFIOATK OR SCOURERS. 
On 23d day of May, 1868, J. C. Short left at our factory live 
fleeces or wool to be cleansed separate and weighed. 
Weight Weight 
When brought, after cleansing. 
One fleece for .1. O. Short- 13 lbs. 4 lbs. 13« oz. 
One fleece for J.P. Ray. 10 lbs. 4 oz. 4 lbs. liw oz. 
One fleece for II. M. Boardman.. 16 lbs. 8 oz. 5 lbs. s;* oz. 
One fleece for Uroua’n&Marr'nr 10 lhs. 12 oz. 6 lbs. 9 oz. 
One fleece tor L. Noble .24 lbs. 0 lbs. 8 oz. 
We certify the above to lie correct, to the best of our 
knowledge uud belief. N. W. Mather & Sons. 
Hemlock Lake, July let, 1368. 
By a note from the Secretary, we learn that J. C. 
Short of Livonia was appointed by the Association 
to superintend the scouring. 
The fleece of Mr. Noble’s ram is, we think, con¬ 
siderably the largest scoured Merino fleece on record. 
Under these circumstances, we have thought it 
would be more satisfactory to the public, as well as 
the owner of the ram, to have the scouring process 
more fuUy detailed than is done in the above cer¬ 
tificate of Messrs. N. W. Matheu & Sons ; aud we 
have accordingly written to the Secretary, request¬ 
ing him to obtain a more detailed certificate. Up 
to the time of this writing (July 17) we have not 
received his answer, but shall doubtless do so in 
time for our next issue. 
Canada Thistles,— The Illinois Legislature has passed 
a law providing that any person bringing into the State 
seed or the Canada thistle-, to the packing of goods, grain 
or grass seeds, or otherwise, and permitting the same to 
be disseminated and vegetate, shall be liable to a lino of 
f'100; and any person allowing this thistle to mature and 
disseminate its seed upon his lands shall bo eabject to a 
penally of $76. 
air)) Department 
Russia. .... .... 397,086 
East Indies. .... .... _ 
Sundries. 417,203 43,030 74,035 
New Zealand. 438,254 _ _ 
Total. 15,746,696 8,012,001 5,331,887 
In view of the imports into New York, the N. Y. 
Economist, a free trade journal, asks “how far the 
home growers have been benefited by the large in¬ 
crease iu the duties on wool ? " 
We will attempt to answer this question very 
briefly. Clothing wools have not advanced, under 
the operation of the tariff, as expected by most, and 
as they would have done in anything like a normal 
condition of that braucli of manufacture. The 
causes which have temporarily destroyed tbe mar¬ 
kets for woolen clothing goods, and disorganized 
the trade, have been rcpeatfiflly pointed out in these 
columns, and wc have nt^tbr, to our recoUectiou, 
seen one of the facts denied which have been ad¬ 
duced iu describing and explaining those causes. 
The tariff' has had the principal effect aimed at in all 
protective trifife, viz.: the practical exclusion of the 
foreign competing article to the utmost proper 
limit,— to the utmost limit short of actual pro¬ 
hibition. In this regard, great as the above tables 
show the faUing off' of imports to be since tbe tariff 
went into effect, they by no means show the actual 
extent o! the exclusion of competing wools. This 
is because a very large proportion of the foreign 
clothing wools brought into our ports and which 
appear in the rabies are re-exported to other coun¬ 
tries and do not enter into domestic consumption. 
And even by the tables, the imports into Boston from 
Buenos Ayres, our great competitor in clothing 
wools before the present tariff, have sunk from 
11,168,176 in the first six months of 1866, to but 
1,828,543 in the first six months in 1868. 
In view of such facts, all reasonable men wiU ad¬ 
mit that the tariff has done all that was expected or 
asked from it by the wool growers of the United 
States. It could no more cure or prevent those in¬ 
ternal difficulties which have so injuriously depressed 
the price of wool and prostrated trade, than it could 
cure the scab and hoof rot In flocks, or prevent dogs 
from killing sheep. It had nothing to do with pro¬ 
ducing those difficulties; it can have nothing to do 
with their removal. 
But we can tell the N. Y. Economist wherein the 
home grower has benefited by the increase of duties 
on wool. But for this increase, the limited demand 
for the clothing wools, hi our prostrated markets 
would have been nearly all supplied by the cheap 
fine wools of South America, now worth in our 
markets, with present dut ies and all other expenses paid, 
from about 27c. to 38c. a pound —the higher qualities 
Jine enough, for broadcloth f Owing to the numerous 
unfavorable circumstances which have affected our 
wool markets since the close of the war, there is no 
doubt that the wool tariff alone has averted an over¬ 
throw in this industry, if not equal to that of 1815, 
at least approaching it in its calamities. But for the 
tariff, American clothing wool would not, in our 
judgment, have averaged over 25 to 30 cents a pound 
in 1867 and 1868. 
Having answered the N. Y. Economist’s question, 
let us add a few words. Under existing prices, 
American growers are greatly discouraged. Nor is 
When it is desirable to keep cream a few days, 
during warm weather, the application of a teacup- 
fCll of salt to a gallon of cream is recommended. 
The salt may be placed in the crock first, or added 
after tho first gallon it- put in. As the quantity ac¬ 
cumulates add salt and agitate the mas6 several 
times a day till ready for churning. Cream, treated 
in this way, will obviate the necessity of using much 
6alt when the butter is made, if designed for imme¬ 
diate use. If it is to be kept any considerable time, 
an additional ounce or bo to the pound, may not be 
amiss. The quantity, however, will depend some¬ 
what on the faithfulness with which the buttermilk 
is washed out. In this, there is a marked deficiency 
in a large portion of the butter offered in the mar¬ 
ket. It is streaky and traversed by rivulets of brine 
making it repulsive to the sight as well as offensive 
to the palate. Work well and carefully, or go with¬ 
out the reputation of a good butter maker. 
Substantial Recognition or Services. —An appro¬ 
priation of $2,000 was made at the last session ol’ the 
N. Y. Legislature for the benefit of the heirs of the Rev. 
Chauncey GooDRion, the producer of the Goodrich seed¬ 
ling potatoes. The heirs of Jethro Wood, the inventor 
of the cast iron plow, have received an appropriation 
from the Legislature of $2,000, to consideration of the 
services of their father. 
Society of tbe Agriculturists of France. 
This Society held its first meeting at Salle Ilerz 
on the 12th of May, Four departments were repre¬ 
sented by eight hundred aud sixty-seven delegates, 
M. Drouyn de L’Httlts presiding. The proceedings 
were published iu the Journal D' Agriculture Prae- 
tique, Paris, aud translated for the Journal of Agri¬ 
culture, St. Louis, Mo. This Society owes its 
existence mainly to the efforts of M. Lecontkux, to 
whom a vote of thanks was tendered. In his re¬ 
sponse to the compliment paid to him, he said for 
the first time in seventeen years a grand Agricultural 
Association was represented in Paris, the result of 
individual exertion, to which industrial pursuits 
must chiefly look for successful progress. The So¬ 
ciety aimed to bring together farmers, men of learn¬ 
ing, economists, legislators, writers, and, indeed, 
all who hope to bring about a state of things to 
which French Agriculture aspires to arrive. The 
meeting appears to have been one of great interest 
and much promise for the future. 
Wheat Raising in Georgia.— An association of gen¬ 
tlemen, Mill edge vi He, Ga., offered a prize of a silver 
pitcher to the one who ehonld raise the greatest number 
of bushels of wheat to tbe acre. Eight persona com¬ 
peted, with the following result:—43>i, 43#, 40#, 39, 30 , 
27, 21, 20# bushels. All the lots were affected some by 
rust, hence tho yield, as a whole, must be regarded as 
quite noteworthy for that section of the country. 
A Ditching Machine Challenge.— It will be seen by 
reference to onr Special Notice column that the Chicago 
Ditching and Spading Machine Co. offer to test the speed 
and capacity of their ditcher, in competition with an¬ 
other, in the vicinity of Rochester. If the challenge is 
accepted wc will announce the timo and place of trial, 
and also note and report the result. 
Salt for Cows .—Sonic persons contend that feed¬ 
ing salt to stock is not necessary to their health or 
comfort, consequently a useless expense. This con¬ 
clusion is in opposition to the opinions of many 
eraiuent dairymen and stock growers, and ignored 
by the cattle themselves when salt is supplied them 
—especially during the. season of green feed. Other 
animals, in the wild state, evince an appetite for 
salt, showing that it is a natural and not an acquired 
habit. It is believed that salting cattle occasionally 
during the summer months is beneficial to them, 
and wc know it is grateful to their palates, by the 
regularity with which they will seek it at the stated 
places of feeding, and the avidity with which it is 
devoured. 
The Daily Average of Cheese in a Dctfry, —H. Murray, 
Aurora, Kane Cp., Illinois, informs the Utica Herald, 
that during ifee week preceding the 15th of June, 
he experimented with the milk from his dairy stock 
for the purpose of determining how many pounds 
of milk it required to make a pound of cheese. Un¬ 
expectedly ho found that 8% pounds of milk made 
a pound of cheese, as an average for a week. The 
Herald is of the opinion that a pound of cheese from 
0}£ pounds of milk is doing very well if the cheese 
is made solid and firm by expelling any extra moist¬ 
ure from it. Examples from several factories are 
given, showing a somewhat higher rate than this. 
Curing llenur/ts, —Orrin Johnson writes the New 
Hampshire Farmers’ Record, about curing rennets. 
He says they ought never to be dried inside out. 
He adds:—“ When taken from the calf pnt a hand¬ 
ful of fine salt into it, lay it aside for a week or six 
months—they wiU not hurt — then stretch them on 
sticks, not turned inside out. When taken off the 
stick, sec that both ends are tied or closed up tight. 
Keep a year’s stock beforehand. I think one cured 
in this way worth two dried inside out. 
Cheese StatistUs. —R. W. Runstead, Kenosha, Wis¬ 
consin, supplies the Telegraph of that place with 
the cheese factory statistics for Kenosha county. 
The number of cows supplying milk to the several 
The Cotton Worm. 
P. R. S., Columbia, La., writes the Dixie Far¬ 
mer about tho cotton worm, and the probable cause 
of its rapid multiplication of late years. This he 
suggests results from the modern system of thresh 
ing the cotton stalks instead of burning them, as 
was the old practice. In proof of this, he says 
that if the cotton stalks, where the ravages of the 
cotton worm prevail, are examined, they will be 
found punctured in many places, as though a small 
shot had been thrown into them. In the stalk, 
near this wound, will lie found ft maggot or egg im¬ 
bedded in the peth. This is considered the larva* 
of the fly, which would be measurably destroyed if 
the old plan of burning were adopted. The sug¬ 
gestion is worthy of consideration. 
Hoa Cholera—Lobses.— It is estimated in the report 
of the Department of Agriculture that the annual average 
loss to the farmers of the United States by the hog 
cholera is not less than $15,000,000 — a loss greater than 
resit Its from all other diseases which afllict farm stock. 
Calls for a remedy foi this disease have frequently been 
made, but hitherto without avail. 
Condensed Correspondence, Items, &c 
RURAL BRIEF - MENTIONINGS. 
Samples and Weights.— D. H. Norton, Friendship, 
N. Y., sends samples from a ram and six ewes, all two 
years old—fleeces 13 mo. 20 days growth. Ram’s fleece, 
20?i lbs.; ewes fleeces, 12?* lbs.; 12#; 11#; II; 10#; 
10#. Flock of 51 averaged 9 lbs. 13# ozs. Ramp fleece 
abunt 3 to. long, not much inside yolk. Ewe’s fleeces 
from 2 to 2 J e in. All of good qnality. 
We learn from Loan J. Buiiarss that at his public 
sheep shearing, North Hoosick, N. Y., May 7th, his ewe 
teg, Queen Irene, fifteen months and seven days old, pro¬ 
duced a fleece of 21# lbs.,—carcass 76 lbs. Areola, a ram 
teg, twin of preceding, shorn May 1st, produced 20# lbs , 
—carcass 84 lbs. Cashier, three years old, fleece “less 
than one year’s growth,” 24 lbs, 12 oz carcass 120 lhs. 
(His first fleece was 17 lbs. 14 oz., his second 23 lbs. 12 oz,) 
All these were got by Gold Mine out of Queen, cuts and 
pedigrees of both of which have been heretofore given 
iu this paper. The samples of Queen Irene’s wool for- 
warded measure 3# inches in length; Areola’s, 3 inches. 
The quality and style are good for such heavy fleeces. 
Irene and Areola have been sold since shearing to S. W. 
Jewett of California for $1,000. 
The sugar crop of Louisiana the present year is ex¬ 
pected to bo about 100,(XX) hogsheads. 
A cord of highly concentrated manure will fertilize an 
acre of ground if evenly spread over it. 
Commence work early in the morning in summer, and 
thus earn the right to a good long uoouuig. 
A good dog is often n pleasant companion, but during 
dog days rather an unsafe one without, a muzzle. 
Bee to It. that your stock, especially the dairy portion, 
do not suffer and pine because of a lack of water. 
Do not make your cows hurry to and from the pasture. 
It lessens the quantity and affects tho quality of milk. 
Do not kick even a hog when ho docs not deserve it. 
Beast s are affected by ill treatment as well as tho ” genus 
homo." 
When cows are sick with the milk lever give them 
laudanum freely—an ounce or more, according to circum¬ 
stances. 
It is ascertained by weighing hay into the mow in July 
How Things Look in Ohio. 
We learn from the Ohio Farmer that its editor 
recently took an angular run across that State from 
Cleveland to Cincinnati, and a similar one iu another 
direction on his return. He adds: — “ This afforded 
a good view of the State from comer to corner, and 
from what we saw we should say there is a healthy 
condition of the agricultural affairs in Ohio." The 
corn crop in the Muskingum is of high promise, but 
in some other sections the prospect is less flattering. 
But, taken as a whole, the prospect is quite satis¬ 
factory. _._ 
Canada Thistles.—When to Cut. 
The New York Agricultural Society has received 
a communication from John Furgeson of Caldwell, 
giving i is experience in lighting Canada thistles. He 
ascertained that cutting them, as he did, August 
17th, 18th, 20th and 24th, was sure to kill them. 
He cleared his farm entirely by pursuing this course 
of cutting. There is a general concurrence in the 
opinion that August is the right time to mow this¬ 
tles for the purpose of killing them. 
and out in February that the shrinkage amounts to about 
2S per cent. 
The cheapest food, as well as the most invigorating, 
for family consumption, fa pork and beans—we mean at 
the old prices. 
Ln stacking hay atul grain, mind and keep the center 
considerably higher than the circumference. The pres¬ 
sure is central. 
If you want early turnips, sow the seed now or as soon 
as poBBlble after a shower. A small patch will do. For 
winter ase sow later. 
The present hot weather is splendid for haymaking. 
Management of Wool in Australia.— The Garden¬ 
ers’ Chronicle comments on the inferiority of our man¬ 
agement of wool, as compared with the treatment in 
Australia:—“Why is it that we are afraid to try a little 
warm water and a lew chemicals in whitening the fleece, 
before we clip it? Last season, no fewer than 200,000 
sheep on one station alone were cleansed by the process 
of Mr. B. Downing of Victoria; and wool thus treated 
took the ptj^.e at the exhibition held in honor of the 
Duke of Edinburgh. In an oblong-shaped wooden bath, 
He sure and not dry the grass too much, and thus evap¬ 
orate the beet portion ofit. 
You that have Canada thistles on your premises pre¬ 
pare to kill them now—by mowing. Do the same next 
year and the worst will be over. 
When you have done tilling your com and find vacant 
spaces in the rows, sow them to turnips. If some of tho 
seed falls between the rows, no matter. 
Bales. 
-1867- 
Weight. 
Entered 
lhs. 
Value. 
7,436 
3,086,365 
*007,012 
6,220 
4,413,994 
679,152 
3,346 
1,251,311 
164,509 
221 
98,830 
17.918 
1,129 
788,639 
118.#:} 
14 
2,181 
279 
6 
2,270 
217 
1,717 
1,390,107 
220,063 
4J35 
1,515,359 
809,187 
ioo 
33,660 
5,475 
1,198 
467,025 
101,872 
25,522 
12,998,681 
-1868- 
$2,233,907 
Pi 
..1 
gj 
