apply to the manure heap, destroying grubs, cater¬ 
pillars, slug6, ike., one of which killed will prevent 
a best of its kind the coming season. It has been 
recommended also to apply salt to wheat, when 
storing, at the rate of one-half pound to the bushel, 
preventing, it is said, the ravages of weevil, which 
are sometimes very destructive. From twenty to 
forty bushels per acre will kill all vegetation, and 
thus it is often used to kill all noxious weeds. 
Sd. That it attracts moisture from the atmos¬ 
phere and thus protects against drouth. This point 
has been Illustrated, with us, the present extremely 
dry season, upon plum trees, to each of which six 
quarts of salt were applied in April, spread evenly 
over a radius six feet from the tree. These trees 
showed a lively green and vigorous appearance in 
the most trying part of the season, bearing abund¬ 
antly, while pear and other trees in the same orch¬ 
ard, not salted, were seriously affected and drop' 
ped much of their fruit half grown. The American 
Farmer gave an experiment, some years since, where 
two bushels of salt sown broadcast on corn, after 
planting, In a very dry Besson, caused the corn to 
remain green and healthy till ripe, while that uu- 
salted dried up and yielded much less. 
4th. It is a direct constituent of the food of most 
plants, and when applied to the soil the vegetables 
grown afterwards contain a larger proportion of 
salt; besides cattle show a decided preference for 
grass or hay grown on salted land, eating it more 
greedily. 
5th. Salt acts on vegetables as a stimulant, as 
has been shown by placing sprigs of mint and other 
vegetables in pure water and in water containing a 
small proportion of salt, (one two-hundredth part,) 
the plants living much longer in the salt solution; 
and a solution of chlorine and water will make seeds 
vegetate which would otherwise rot in the earth, 
(Priestly.) 
Gth. It has been found to preserve vegetables from 
sudden changes in temperature, that is, salted soils 
do not freeze so easily as those not salted. Many 
instances have been given where turnips, cabbages 
and other vegetables have been preserved from in¬ 
jury by frost on salted land, while those unsalted 
portions of the field were much damaged. 
7 th. It has been found an absorbent and preserver 
of nitrogen. M. Bahuaj. tried experiments of mix¬ 
ing guano with half its weight of salt to prevent 
the escape of ammonia. He found that pure guano 
exposed fifteen day’s to the open air lost 11.0 per 
cent, of its nitrogen, while that mixed with salt 
lost only 5 per cent. The chlorine unites with the 
ammonia and forms muriate of ammonia. This Is 
, another reason for adding small quantities of salt 
to the manure heap, Refuse 6alt from our meat 
packing establishments may be had for half the 
price of new salt, and is, probably, quite as valu¬ 
able for agricultural purposes. e. w. s. 
EDITED BY HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D. 
THE WOOL MANUFACTURERS ON THE 
TARIFF AND RECIPROCITY. 
Below will be found the Resolutions on the 
Tariff and on the renewal of the Reciprocity Treaty, 
unanimously passed by the National Association of 
Wool Manufacturers, at its annual meeting in the 
city of New York, Oct. 7th. The Secretary of the 
Association writes us that the meeting was “large 
and enthusiastic,” and “ that the Reciprocity reso¬ 
lution was heartily endorsed by the several leading 
worsted manufacturers who were present.” 
Though we have publicly, as our readers know, 
and still more earnestly privately, urged the officers 
of the above Association to take open and decided 
ground against the renewal of the Reciprocity 
Treaty, at this critical moment when that renewal 
L- under negotiation at Washington and is pressed 
f>y powerful foreign and domestic interests, still it 
i6 but just that we should say that we have done so 
rather as a matter of official duty — rather from a 
feeling that it is always better to err on the side 
of ovcr-procaution where important interests are at 
stake—than from any actual expectation or fear 
that the Manufacturers were inclined to prove false 
to their engagements with the wool growers of the 
country. 
We hesitate not to declare,—and we think the 
present a very proper occasion to declare the fact, 
— that since the projet of the present wool and 
woolen tariff was finally agreed on between the 
joint committees of the Wool Growers and Manu¬ 
facturers’ National Associations, we have never 
been able to discover the least thing in which the 
latter has not been true to the letter and spirit of 
the compact originally entered into with us at Sy ra¬ 
cuse. It has had a very small number of its origi¬ 
nal members slough oil and fall back into the old 
traditionary theory of hostility to the protection of 
raw materials; nor does it of course assume to con¬ 
trol the i>rivatc views and expressions of all its 
members. But as an Association, its official action 
and influence — representing the opinions of the 
great body of its members and a great majority of 
the most eminent wool manufacturers of the coun¬ 
try—has, we repeat it, always been true to us. 
And now it is officially first in the field in de¬ 
nouncing a measure which superficial observers, at 
least, would judge most favorable to the interests 
of an important and rapidly increasing body of its 
own members. 
True, the Association bases its opposition to the 
renewal of Reciprocity on the ground of interest as 
well as good faith. And we have no doubt that the 
real interests of the combing wool manufacturers 
will be ultimately, aDd indeed speedily, promoted 
by the present duties imposed on their imported 
raw staple, and for the very good reason assigned 
in the resolution. But this reason embraces a new 
and higher theory of industrial economy than was 
“dreamed of in the philosophy” of wool manu¬ 
facturers, before the advent of their present Na¬ 
tional Association. The wise and liberal men who 
founded that organization, shook off old traditions 
-old prejudices—old theories of a protection con¬ 
fined to manufactured articles, and adopted the 
sound maxim that in a country possessing proper 
facilities for the production of the raw materials, 
the manufacturer of those materials should seek by 
all means and even at some temporary sacrifice to 
encourage their development at home, iustead of re¬ 
lying on the foreigu producer. It was the avowal 
of these just and liberal views—the concession that 
a strict mutuality of interests naturally existed and 
ought to be scrupulously maintained between the 
grower and manufacturer — which led to the friend¬ 
ly alliance and hitherto uninterrupted cooperation, 
which have been maintained between their National 
organizations. And now, when some suspicious 
persons doubted the action of the manufacturers — 
inasmuch as they had obtained their desired pro¬ 
tection, aud would make Eome immediate gains by ( 
an abolition of the duties on Canada wools—they J 
have neither wavered nor kept silent, but have 
manfully clung to the principles avowed when they 
sought our alliance. And the worsted manufacturers 
heartily endorse the action of their brethren ! It is 
said men deserve no special credit for performing 
their duty. We think they do, sometimes. We 
think the worsted manufacturers do, in the present 
case. 
A delay has been made in bringing the subject 
before the National Wool Growers’ Association for 
its action, in order to await the action of the Na¬ 
tional Association of Wool Maiiufaeturers — it being 
felt that something might transpire at the meeting 
of the latter which would devolve other duties ou 
the former than a mere expression in regard to the 
renewal of the Reciprocity Treaty. But that expres¬ 
sion will now be obtained as soon as practicable. 
Resolutions unanimously adopted at the Fourth Annual 
Meeting of the National Association of Wool Manu¬ 
facturer!-, held at the St. Nicholas Hotel, in the city 
of New York, on the 7th of October, 1869 : 
Whereas, The benefleia! effects of the recent Tariff on 
wool and woolens were postponed by three obvious 
causes: 1. The increase of card wool machinery during 
the war to supply the wants of the Government. 2. The 
great quantity of surplus goods thrown by the Govern¬ 
ment upon the market at rates far below the cost ol' pro¬ 
duction : S. By the stocks, both or wool and woolen-s, 
imported >U anticipation of the pa-save of a tariff bill, 
and held at merely nominal charges under the ware¬ 
housing laws: and whereas: the effects of this tariff have 
been fully displayed only within the last few mouths.—it 
is therefore 
Unsolved,, 1, That the existing Tariff'on wool and wool¬ 
ens is well adapted to promote t he development aud pros¬ 
perity of the woolen Industry: that its good effect- are 
manliest in the recent revival o! the husimv-H in the ex¬ 
clusion of foreign shoddy good-, in the supply for general 
consumption of sounder and belter fabric- than have be¬ 
fore been made Ju the country, in the production of uew 
varieties of card woof fabrics, in the development of the 
worsted manufacture, hitherto the least advanced branch 
of our woolen industry, and in the successful, profitable 
aud rapid) v increasing ■ all ure of Combing wools, whereby 
the material for a deficient industry is supplied and the 
public obtains an invaluable accession to the supply of 
animal food. 
Resolved, 2. That any adv antage which might accrue to 
the worsted manufacture trout the free introduction of 
combing wools, under the proposed Reciprocity Treaty 
with Canada, would be more than counterbalanced by 
checking the impulse which has already been given to 
the growth of combing wools here, while the advocacy of 
a renewal of the Reciprocity Treaty, for ( tie purpose of 
obtaining Cauada wools free, word* be a violation of (in¬ 
spirit of the agreement with the wool growers, npon which 
the present Tariff'on wool and woolens was founded. 
WISCONSIN STATE WOOL GROWERS’ 
ASSOCIATION. 
Tue annual meeting of the Wisconsin State Wool 
Glowers’ Association was held in the State Ag’l 
rooms, in the city of Madison, On Wednesday even 
ing, Sept. 30, President Stjlso.n in the chair. 
On motion, the following persons were elected 
officers for the ensuing year : 
President—Eu. Stilson, Oshkosh. T‘ Ice-Presidents — 
I. 8, Husoltine, Richland Center; E. M. Rice, White- 
water. Secretary — Thomas II. Goodhue, Whitewater. 
Treasurer—C. R. Stewart, Danville. Executive Commit- 
tee —W. B. Kingsbury. Uipon; R. Richards, Raciue; J. 
Y. Potter, Beloit; R. T. Graves, Cambria; E. S. Ham¬ 
mond, Fond dn Lac. 
Using Ram 1’ecis.—J. D, Jacobus, Penn Yan, N. Y., 
writes us:—“Having noticed an occasional inquiry in 
‘Sheep Department’ of Rural in reference to the utility 
Of using ram tegs for breeding purposes — whether their 
produce would be as strong in constitution and equal in 
quality to the get of older rains, &c., allow my to cite a 
case in point that came under tny own observation. I 
sold about a year ago to Winnis Lonuwell, a near neigh¬ 
bor of mine, two ram legs. He raised seventy-live 
Jambs, the get of those tegs, seventy-four of which are 
now living, aud show good constitution, size and vigor, 
as well as good quality. The tegs were shorn the tenth 
day of J une, and sheared respectively 13x r and 17 >. ltis. 
of wool. They were bred by myself, and sired by the 
celebrated Barlow ram, * Young Grimes,’ out of two 
choice ewes, one of them bred by John T. aud Virtulan 
Rich of Vt.., and one by Alexander Aunoj.d of Avoca, 
Steuben Co., N. Y. They had good care aud liberal but 
uot. excessive feed, and were not housed only from some 
very hurd storms, ft. seems to me that in this Instance, 
at least, this experiment proves that ram tegs may often 
be profitably used for breediug purposes, and without any 
lose in the offspring In quality, constitution and vigor." 
BUTTER - MAKING. 
“How about the buttery" 
I did promise to say something about butter¬ 
making in the regions round about Philadelphia, 
especially in Pennsylvania, 
Those who were familiar with the discussions of 
the Agricultural Society, at its Fairs and annual 
meetings, many years ago, will remember with what 
unction delegates, and others who had attended 
Fairs or other gatherings at Philadelphia, “smacked 
their chops” w hen speaking of the good treat which 
they enjoyed at the social board in eating of the 
butter which had been made in that particular 
locality. Oue would almost think it was solidified 
nectar, so enthusiastic would they grow over the 
fine flavor of Philadelphia bread aud butter. 
Although I had eaten of the finest, and most fa¬ 
mous butter of Holland, and Englaud, and Ireland, 
yet I must confess that my mouth was made up to 
expect a new sensation when the committee, under 
the charge of a gentleman — the President of a Rail¬ 
road out of Philadelphia and down into the hilly 
region of Delaware county — took the l ug for Dr. 
Smith's, out some ten or fifteen miles from the city. 
1 must confess that my notion of the topography 
of the country was veiy crude. I had supposed the 
city stood in the midst of a level plain, aud that it 
was capable of unlimited extension, as long as it 
kept In Pennsylvania, I had only seen it from the 
cars. The foot hills of the Blue Ridge range of 
mountains come d own in close proximity to the city 
ou the northwestern side, and you strike into the 
formations peculiar to that range almost before you 
get beyond the city limits. 
The Philadelphians are alive to the prosperity of 
their city, and place great reliance upon railroads as 
a means to conserve it. Wherever the engineer 
pronounces a railroad feasible, no matter at what 
expense, so it brings a populous aud productive re¬ 
gion in communication with the city, it is built with 
the economy and painstaking persistence which 
seems still to linger in the Quaker element that is 
common to the inhabitants. Tnere is not the same 
dash and glare in Philadelphia as in New York, but 
the people get a great deal more comfort for their 
money. 
We found the doctor and his sou waiting for us 
with carriages at the station, at Kellysville. A ride 
of some three or four miles in a gently hilly coun¬ 
try, among large and substantial Rnnsylvania barns 
and comfortable country houses, brought us to an 
old “ ancestral” home. Many of the large proprie¬ 
tors of land, have it divided into farms, which are 
usually let to tenants for dairy farms, so that one 
sees comparatively little of arable land. It being 
of a gravelly or alkaline soil, the water is soft and 
the grass usually sweet and nutritious. 
We visited tv • eral miLk or dairy farms during the 
afternoon. Of course we had dinner, aud a very 
nice one. There were some elaborate spring houses 
and quite complete in their detail and arrangements. 
But I saw none which I thought began to compare 
with our old friend’s, Col. Pratt’s, at. Praltsville, 
up in Greene county, N. T., either in completeness 
or in the admirable adaptation of means to ends. 
The butter, which we tasted, is good generally. 
Firm and sweet, not, as much salted as New York 
and Northern consumers usually like it, but still as 
compared with the mass of wretched stuff usually 
sold as butter, is most excellently good. And 
then the condition, wherein it goes into market, has 
much to do with its deserved reputation. The 
utmost pains are taken to have it get to the con¬ 
sumers in its most “toothsome” form. It is 
usually put up in pound rolls and stamped with 
some tasty device, to designate the maker’s brand, 
which the venders take great care shall become the 
synonym of the choicest kind of butter to be found 
in the market. The batter makers become very 
jealous of the integrity of their brand. 
There is very excellent butter made in the dairy- 
regions of Pennsylvania, but none any better than I 
have eaten in the dairy regions of New York aud 
New England. Indeed, when up in Illinois this 
Bpring, 1 ate butter at a table in Marengo, some 00 
miles north of Chicago, that would compare favor¬ 
ably with that made in the most favored dairy re¬ 
gions, After all, good butter depends upon the 
intelligence, and care, and neatness of the person 
who makes it. 
1 had intended to make a few words about spring 
houses, but I see my space is nearly up. t. c. p. 
-»■ »♦ ! « »- 
CARE OF DAIRY STOCK. 
The first fall of snow, October 16th., should ad¬ 
monish the owners of dairy stock that winter is 
rapidly approaching; that grass is frosty much of 
the time aud less nutritious now than in the early 
part of September; and that, for this reaeon, if for 
no other, cows should have shelter during storms 
and extra and more concentrated food than was re¬ 
quired daring the warm season. If these are not 
seasonably supplied the yield of milk will fall oil'; 
the cows “fall away” to poorly covered frames by 
the time the trying season of spring comes around. 
It is poor policy to neglect stock of any kind, but 
it is especially so with respect to that portion de¬ 
voted to dairying purposes, because it tends to 
shorten the period of productiveness and diminish 
the yield of milk when the cows come In the suc¬ 
ceeding season. It is cheaper, more effective and 
humane to lilt cows In the Epring by means of good 
autumnal and winter feeding than by their caudal 
extremeties, but unfortunately some forget this, or, 
knowing the fact, neglect to avail themselves of the 
teachings it supplies. The custom of “ progging,” 
as It was called in New England in days gone by, 
was a paying one and not to be neglected because of 
its antiquity. It 1* some trouble to fixup a mess 
for cows daily iu addition to the customary feeding 
of grass or hay, but trouble, so called, is Lhe con¬ 
comitant of all business, and that will be found to 
pay best where the expenditure in tuisway has been 
the mo.-t persistent and liberal. Give the cows 
shelter from falling weather, extra food, and the 
yield of milk will be increased, the season of its 
flow prolonged, while the animals, when the com¬ 
ing-in season arrives, will be found equal to the in- 
increased demands vsii^ch it will make upon them. 
-• »-»♦»» »- 
A Milk Dairy. —The Rockford Register gives an 
account of the milk djtiry of Samcel W. Taylor in 
O xen, (i t- milCi frofti that city, fae dairy stock 
comprises 111 cows wfilcli supply 8l)0 quarts of milk 
per day. It is all contracted to one man, and, in¬ 
stead of being canned as soon as drawn from the 
cows, the milk is ruu Into a vat with double walls 
between which flows cold spring water. It remains 
here till the animal heat is extracted, when it is can¬ 
ned for serving out to the customers of the pur¬ 
chased. This cooling process serves to keep the 
milk sweet much longer than when canned directly 
from the cow, which i& a decided advantage in 
warm weather. 
- ^ » i » i. »- 
Refractory Cream—How to Manage It.— In 
a late number of the Rural a correspondent gave 
her experience in churning, beating a portion of 
cream the better part of two day6 without producing 
butter, and asked for a remedy In such cases. This 
is supplied by E. L. Bkagdon of Fort Ontario, who 
says: — “ We have had the same experience, but 
found a remedy. Salt you)’ cream as you skim it 
aud stir it well. Dissolve two ounces of alum to 
two pails of cream, and put it in just before churn¬ 
ing, and you will have no further trouble. Do not 
fear the alum; it will improve your butter.” This 
is a cheap remedy, of easy application, and its effect¬ 
iveness readily tested by those whose cream refuses 
to “ come to time.” 
- ^ «»4 » -»- 
A Dasherless Churn — The Southern Farmer 
claims that B. P. Anderson of Memphis, has in¬ 
vented a churn which operates without a dasher. 
It is simply a Equare box, in which the cream is 
inclosed, and made to revolve by means of a crank. 
It is said to perform admirably. If weare notgreatly 
mistaken this kind of churn was tried, in this region, 
several years since, but with what success we do not 
remember to have seen stat ed. The inference is that 
its success was uot very marked, as nothing is said 
about St among dairymen about here now. 
[rural ijpfrit of % §ress. 
Paying for a Farm. 
The Kansas Farmer, as an evidence of the adapt¬ 
ability of the soil of that State to the production 
of wheat, mentions the purchase of a quarter sec¬ 
tion in Donephan county for S3,500, which was sown 
to wheat last fall, the yield of which this year paid 
the purchase money and left a cash surplus of four 
nundred dollars. 
Wheat Clubs. 
The Dixie Farmer states that “in many locali¬ 
ties in the South farmers are forming what they 
style 1 Wheat Clubs,’ in which each member pays a 
certain amount of money to be appropriated as a 
premium for the best acre of wheat to be harvested 
in 1860, and each member pledges himself to com¬ 
pete ftbr the premium. The idea is a capital one, 
and we hope to 6ee it extensively adopted.” 
Silk in California. 
Each successive number of the California 
Farmer has something encouraging concerning the 
silk interest in that State It, seems to be a settled 
conviction there that the production and manufac¬ 
ture of 6ilk on a large scale are to be among the 
prominent industries of the State. A Los Angelos 
correspondent writes he is feeding the fourth crop 
this season of 100,000 worms of the new Japanese 
variety. They are reported healthy,—each worm 
making a cocoon. 
Farming Results South. 
The Rural S mtherner for October, Atlanta, Ga., 
remarking on the harvest, says:—“ We now feel no 
hesitancy in announcing that at no time since the 
war ha3 there been so ample supplies for man and 
beast as the present harvest will furnish.” As an 
evidence that the farmers in that region are awake 
to their business the same paper states that since 
the first of August between 300 and 400 turning 
plows have been sold in that city. 
Gas Lime as a Manure. 
The Wisconsin Farmer devotes a chapter to the 
consideration of gas lime as a manure and the prop¬ 
er time for its application. The lime, when taken 
fresh from tbe gas works, contains sulphur in the 
form of a sulphite or hyposulphite of lime, and, in 
this condition, is a deadly poison. Being soluble 
in water, it is carried down to the roots of plants 
by the rain and kills them—if the supply be large, 
If left in a heap, for several months, or spread upon 
the ground in the fall, the elements will make such 
changes in it as to render it conducive to the growth 
rather than to the death of plants. 
Making Cider. 
Some farmers are of the opinion that any¬ 
thing, in the shape of an apple, is good enough to 
make cider, as that will work itself clear in the 
end. It is true that cider can be made of wormy, 
rotten and dirty apples, but these conditions can 
Hardly fail to affect its quality. If apples were se¬ 
lected with proper care and ground in a clean state 
there is no doubt but the cider would be much bet¬ 
ter than it generally is. Some people grind the 
apples ard immediately put the pomace to press. 
This is wrong—at least the cider will not be as 
finely flavored as it would be were the pomace left 
in the vat, half a day or more before being put up in 
the cheese aud subjected to pressure. 
Natural Characteristics of Animals. 
A young student of Natural History conveys 
to the N. H. Farmer some of his observations in 
the stock yard. He noticed that a horse, in rising 
from a recumbent position, employs his fore legs as 
a fulcrum to raise his body, but that, with the 
bovine tribe, the system is reversed. It was no¬ 
ticed, too, that fowls, in flying from one place to 
another, unless frightened or hardly pressed, light 
upon the top of the fence or wail and take a brief 
survey of the new field before dropping into it, 
There is another characteristic of the hen family 
not readily explained, and that is a propensity to 
steal away to some blind place when an egg is to be 
deposited, but making a terrible cackling when 
leaving, thus betraying what she seemed so anxious 
to conceal. A dog in seeking a place of repose is 
very apt to circle around two or three times before 
dropping down, even though no bedding is there 
requiring this preparation. A bird iu seeking rest 
upon a limb of a tree almost invariably drops below 
the point selected and rises to it by a gentle up¬ 
ward curve. _ 
Agricultural Colleges — Congressional Aid. 
Some years since Congress voted a quantity of 
the public lands to each State to aid in establishing 
therein an Agricultural College. Iu several, these 
institutions are already in operation, in others build¬ 
ings are in progress of erection, but iu some disputes 
about locations and other matters have prevented 
decisive action up to the present time. A summary 
of Congressional donations, for College purposes, 
follows: 
„ , _ „ _ , . Lanff Scrip. 
Yale College Scientific School... $ifi0 OeiO 
Amherst college. 360,000 
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 91)0,000 
Center Co., Pa., College...,. 720,000 
College, Lansing. Mich. 240,000 
“ Maryland. 310,000 
“ Hanover, N. J1. 150,000 
“ Burlington, Vt. 150,000 
“ Madison. Wis . 286,000 
“ Morgantown, Va. 150,000 
“ New Brunswick, N. J. 210,000 
“ Lexington, Ky. 330,000 
Oakland, Cal. 150,000 
“ Providence, R. I. .... 120,000 
“ Manbattau, Kansas. 90 000 
University, Illinois... 490,000 
Total scrip.f t 796,000 
Here are sixteen institutions which have received, 
from the reserve fund of the people, nearly five mil¬ 
lions of dollars for the diffusion of agricultural in¬ 
formation. This donation ought to do a great 
amount of practical good, instead of being frittered 
away on the visionary projects of favorites, as is 
too often the case with the benefactions of private 
individuals. In some instances, already brought to 
the notice of the public, the promise of a wise ap¬ 
plication of the funds is far from nattering: in oth¬ 
ers a proper use has been made of the means sup¬ 
plied, and if the resultant good is not equal to ex¬ 
pectation, the failure must be attributed to other 
causes than a wanton waste or misapplication of 
the means accorded by Congress for educational 
purposes. 
October Snow Storms. — The advent of snow the 
present season was earlier than usual. Generally snow 
flurries hold off till November, but we are reminded of 
several striking exceptions to this. In 1815 or 16 there 
was a heavy fall of snow in New England and the Cen¬ 
tral States as early as the 13th of October. Ln the west¬ 
ern part, of Massachusetts it fell to the depth of eighteen 
inches, putting a check to the apple, potato and com 
harvest for a time. But the snow soon disappeared, and 
was succeeded by iwo or three weeks of Indian Summer 
weather. Last week the Eastern, Central and Western 
States were visited with a stonn of snow, covering the 
ground to the depth of two Or three inches. In the 
Northwest, —especially in Minnesota, — the storm com¬ 
menced on the 7th of October and continued during an 
entire day. At the present writing (Oct. 19th) the snow 
has disappeared, hut the promise of more soon is only 
too good. There is a considerable portion of fall crops 
yet to be harvested, — especially of corn and potatoes,— 
the securing of which this premature fall of enow has 
delayed. 
- ■ ♦->-»- 
Crops in Ohio.—T he Ohio Statistician, E, D. Mans¬ 
field, has furnished the Cincinnati Gazette a summary 
of the crop reports in that State for the present year. 
This is made up from county reports, and is supposed to 
approximate very nearly the actual yield of the various 
products mentioned. The number of sheep is set down 
at 7,5SO,00o, showing that in eight years the number has 
more than doubled In that State. The caule returned 
aggregate 1,481,214—ft small advance on the preceding re¬ 
port. Of hogs there are 2,100,000—an increase in three 
years of about 700,000. The wheat, corn and oat crops 
aggregate 141,000,000 bushels-the largest since 1800, and 
less than that by 12,000,000 bushels, and greater than that 
of 1.966 by 23,000,000 bushels. Mr. M.’s estimate of these 
crops for the entire country the present year is one thou¬ 
sand millions of bushels. 
Special Wheat Premiums. —The special premiums 
offered by Orange Judd, New York, were awarded as 
follows:—Best two barrels of white winter wheat, O. 
Howland, Auburn, {100; red winter wheat, do,, {100; 
white spring wheat. R. Kino, Kendall Corners, {100. 
How Crops Grow.— This Is the general title of a series 
of volumes prepared and preparing by Prof. Samuel W. 
Johnson of Yale College, and published by Orange 
Judd & Co. of New York. The initial volume consists 
of three general divisions, embracing in their order— 
“ The Chemical Composition of the Plant:" “ The Struc¬ 
ture of the Plant and Offices of its Oxgans;’’ ‘’Life of 
the Plant as Witnessed in the Process of Germination." 
This volume is liberally illustrated, and the text Compar¬ 
atively free from the dry technicality so troublesome to 
the general reader. Tbe volumes, to complete the series 
contemplated, -will explain “ The Chemistry of the Ab¬ 
end Soil," and 1 Tbe Science of Agriculture in its Practi¬ 
cal Relations to Animal .Products." The author, from 
his long stndy of these themes, brings to their elucida¬ 
tion an amount of information which cannot fail of ren¬ 
dering his observations of great value to the agricultural 
community, for whose benefit they are more especially 
designed. 
4 » »- 
Cellars.— These are too often a neglected portion of 
the dwelling. At this time of the year they should he 
thoroughly cleansed and put in order for the reception of 
winter stores. The walls ought to be whitewashed, and 
the ceiling also; it renders them not only sweet but 
lighter. Then farmers all understand what they neglect 
to practice, viz., that vegetables, as potatoes, beets, tur¬ 
nips, &c„ retain their flavor better If packed in earth 
and kept from the light. For this purpose bins should 
be constructed around the cellar next to the walls. Then 
there should be a closet for canned fruits. Ac,, to keep 
them clean, dry and dark; and hanging shelves to held 
various articles and keep them from mice, for these ver¬ 
min will occasionally infest the best cellars. Go down 
into your cellar, honest, farmer, and look around; think 
for what it is intended, how much it contributes to the 
comfort of your family, and how much their health may 
depend on its condition, and you will resolve that it is as 
worthy of care and attention as the parlor. 
- 4 -*-*- 
Disease op Stock m Louisiana.—A contributor to the 
last Monthly Report of the Department of Agriculture 
from Terras Parish, La., says: —“The disease called 
* ekerbon has commenced its ravages in onr immediate 
neighborhood. It attacks mules, cattle and horses in the 
order stated. There is a prospect now of its making a 
clean sweep of all the mules in the county. It is spread¬ 
ing from one place to another rapidly, and as yet no oue 
has Succeeded In curing any cases. The animal first 
shows sign? of being sick by drooping aud lagging. On 
close examination there will he found a lump somewhere 
about the neck or shoulders, or perhaps in the flank. 
This swelling grows rapidly. The animal has a high 
fever, and generally eats and drinks to the last. Some 
die within twelve hours after the disease manifests itself, 
and some live live or six days. Generally they die iu 36 
to 43 hours. The cause of this fatal disease is yet 
wrapped in mystery." 
- 1 - 4-*~4 - 
Among the Hop Pickers.— The editor of the Rural 
Messenger, Chicago, made a visit last month to the hop 
pickers in Dundee, Kane Co. There were engaged in 
the work women, girls aDd hoys, but it. seems the middle 
class had the greater attractive power, and here the party 
named tried his hand at the ptcklcg business. Accord¬ 
ing to his account, he acquitted himeell with credit for 
half an hour, and then subsided on the laurels he had 
won. As the report from the other side has not been 
given, we are compelled to award the credit claimed, 
though we confess to some doubts whether justice 
would not require a little abatement. The brevity of the 
trial looks suspicious, — insinuates a back out or back 
dowu,—a rare thing iu the editorial line. 
New York State Poultrt Society.— At the time of 
our State Fair an association was organized under the 
above title. It is designed to hold an exhibition eome 
time next winter. Persons wishing to become members 
should address the President or Secretary. The officers 
are:— Treddmt-G. H. Warner, New York Mills, Onei¬ 
da Co., N. Y.; Vice-President —Rob4H KU.ia, SchenecUady; 
Secretary —Thomas Gould, Aurora, Cayuga Lake; Treas¬ 
urer—Joha. Salisbury, Jr., Nyack, Rockland Co., N. Y. 
- 4—4 - 
Tube Wells.— The London Spectator says that Sir 
Robert Napier, ln hie Abyssinian expedition, com 
polled “a lofty African desert to yield water by an Amer¬ 
ican device not. twelve months old.” "A half a dozen 
mules," it says, “are drawn up loaded with thin, steel 
tubes. Tap, tap, tap, goes u hammer, rigged up in five 
minutes, and in ten the corse of Africa has been con¬ 
quered as if a new Moses had smitten the rock, and pure 
water for an army is spouting among the stones.” 
- 4—4 - 
TnE Landed Property in Germany, advertised in 
this paper, is worthy the attention ol' Germans intending 
to resume residence in their “ Fatherland,” or, of Ameri¬ 
cans contemplating a prolonged sojourn in that salu¬ 
brious climate. We are assured that the property offered 
is very valuable and desirable. 
Cisterns should be cleaned and put in order to be 
filled for winter. It is well also to look after the arrange¬ 
ments for supplying the farm stock with water during 
the winter. If there is not a supply in the ham-yard, 
perhaps a few dollars expended rightly will bring down 
an unfailing Etream from a spring. 
- 4—4 - 
The Fires of the Drouth. — The burning of tbe 
Canadian woods and swamps during the latter part of 
July and in August destroyed several millions of dollars 
worth of timber, and filled the air with smoke all over 
the Northern and Middle States from the Atlantic to 
Minnesota and Iowa. 
■4 » »- 
A word from Illinois.—" A Subscriber,” Wyoming, 
Stark Co., III., Oct. 5th, writes:—“Our crops are tolera¬ 
bly good. Potatoes came the nearest a failure, owing to 
bugs. Few people in this locality will have enough to 
do them. Corn was about one-half caught by the frost, 
which came September 17th. Wheat will average from 
12 to 14 bushels per acre." 
-«4 M4 i « »- 
RURAL BRIEF-MENTION1SGS. 
Coal or gas tar applied about a corn crib will keep the 
grain from devastation by rats. 
A drove of four thousand sheep recently crossed the 
Mississippi for Southwestern Missouri. 
American hay is selling in England for about £25 per 
1 ton. It is gaining in reputation in that country. 
It is said that the wheat yield per acre in a large por¬ 
tion of Wisconsin will not exceed twelve b(labels. 
The Viucland (N. J.) Agricultural Society offers prizes 
for the best roads made and kept up by individuals. 
Leander Wethekell of the Boston Cultivator Is an¬ 
nounced to lecture in Amherst College the present term. 
Poult hi to fatten rapidly must he, like hogs, restrict¬ 
ed to a limited space. Freedom and fat are incompatible. 
Some of the Western papers prefect that the pork crop 
there this season will be larger than ever known before. 
If yon would not have your horse acquire the habit of 
hanging in the halter, do not 6trike at him in front when 
young. 
The cranberry yield in and around Manchester and 
LouiB River is estimated at 15,000 bushels, and valued at 
* 100 , 000 . 
The best food for fattening fowls is said to be ground 
oats mixed to a dough with water or milk. The latter is 
the be?t. 
The roller when judiciously need is beneficial. The 
character and condition of the soil should determine as 
to its use. 
Prof. Spooner objects to sawing off or shortening the 
horns of cattle. It gives pain to the animal and impairs 
its strength. 
Garden and field roots should generally be all housed 
by the close of October. A later period may do, but it is 
not good to risk it. 
Catti-e in the region of Monticello, Ill., are reported 
to be afflicted with what is called swelled head. This is 
a novelty among cattle. 
The flonr and grain shipped East from Chicago last 
year was equal to 52,798,161 bushels. Only about one- 
seventh of this went by rail. 
The Norfolk Chronicle condemns the use of check 
reins on horses. They spoil their mouths, impair their 
tempers, and render them generally nueasy. 
Stanchions with open mangers for cattle are objected 
to, because the strong steal from the weak. A partition 
board three feet high would obviate the difficulty. 
