1 
(JHttfatianal. 
THE QUESTION OF DISCIPLINE. 
It is the one great question that puzzles instruct¬ 
ors everywhere. Without discipline all school 
organizations are failures; and how is the proper 
discipline best maintained * 
It depends, of course, upon the class over which 
discipline is had. Very young children may require 
a mild despotism,—being subject to the absolute 
control, for the time, of the instructor, with his 
verbal commands the supreme law. Students of 
more mature years will rebel against such govern¬ 
ment, and'must be rnled by some other process. 
So far as actual right is concerned, few will deny 
that the teacher may justly demand perfect obedi- 
once from those taught. They ore placed under his 
charge, and he is responsible for their behavior. 
But he has no right to make demands oi them 
which are ip any manner debasing, or degrading. 
He has no right whatever to exact obedience when 
in the yielding of it they feel they arc yielding in 
any degree one manly or womanly title. 
The young man i.-, responsible to himself and to 
God for bis manhood; and t® make him feel this 
responsibility, in all its earnestness, is the truest 
and best discipline, it is the discipline that tells 
most for good upon his after life. Any little exac¬ 
tions that chafe him, and belittle him to himself, 
are a serious evil. If they do not work rebellion, 
and, mayhap, utter defiance, they may even do a 
greater injury. They may leave their marks upon 
his character more deeply than he knows, and be a 
lasting bane to him and others. 
It would seem that there need be no such petty 
instances of authority on the part of instructors in 
any place,—much less that college discipline should 
call them forth. Yet a signal illustration that they 
do exist is found now in Williams College. That 
old and greatly respected Institution is at present 
in a state of virtual suspension, because the Faculty 
saw fit. to make a law declaring that auy student 
absent from recitation, with or without proper ex¬ 
cuse, should pay the penalty of a delinquent. 
Against this sweeping and unreasonable require¬ 
ment the whole body of students rebelled. Presi¬ 
dent Hopkins was absent when the obnoxious law 
was passed by the Faculty, and it was thought his 
return would insure its repeal. He returned, and 
substantially admitted that the law was wrong by 
saying if he had been present it should not have 
been passed; but as it had been adopted he mast 
uphold the Faculty. And so the students must sac¬ 
rifice what they very properly deem a manly right, 
that the infallible Faculty may retain due dignity, 
or the suspension must continue. 
We think Williams is setting a bad example, not 
only to sister colleges, but to institutions of less pre¬ 
tension. Discipline, to be rightly effective, must be 
democratic. II must leave much to manly and wo¬ 
manly souse of justice and well-doing, after the dis¬ 
ciplined have attained years of discretion. An ultra 
and despotic jurisdiction is not a fit one, and it will 
not be beneficial in its effects. 
EDUCATION IN NOEWAY. 
A WRITER in the People’s Magazine thus speaks 
of education in Norway: 
“ It is as thoroughly organized, if not so highly 
developed, as that of the New Eugland States, and 
the Training College, High Schools and Primary 
Schools of Christiana are among the most interest¬ 
ing and instructive sights to be met with in the 
north of Europe. Throughout the country every 
child, from the age of eight till confirmation, must 
attend the primary or higher schools. In these a 
good knowledge of reading, writing and ciphering, 
and also of English, drawing, sewing, etc., is im¬ 
parted by teachers properly trained aud commis¬ 
sioned. In remote and thinly populated districts 
the schoolmasters reside for a certain portion of the 
year, distributing tl^ir work among two or three 
localities, as circumstances may demand. Every 
household aud every adult, pays a small annual tax 
for maintenance of the district school, aud the 
magistrate aud clergyman see that it is properly 
managed. Thus, again, we have another dead level 
of intelligence, or Information among the peasant¬ 
ry; but a ‘little learning’ has not been found iu 
this case to produce any very dangerous results, 
“One very remarkable effect and evidence of the 
diffiusion of elementary education is in the number 
of Norwegian newspapers, every considerable vil¬ 
lage having its little journal, and in the large towns 
many papers are published dally. Speaking from 
my owu limited experience, I found the people I 
met iu Christiana very intelligent and well informed. 
Almost all were able to speak English with more or 
less fluency, with a high regard for English litera¬ 
ture—our modern Homer, the great Sir Walter, be¬ 
ing the universal favorite. Iu three Norwegian 
bookshops, which I entered, I was agreeably sur¬ 
prised to see one end of each counter completely 
covered with numbers of the six penny edition of 
the Waverly Novels, interspersed with copies of 
some of our more recent popular works. 
ANALYZING STUDENTS’ CHARACTEES. 
No oue will deny the following: — That the ma¬ 
terial upon which the teacher has to operate, is 
composite iu its character; aud that, if ho would 
become master of his subject, he must study care¬ 
fully the two component parts —the intellectual 
and the moral. There cau be no justice done and 
no success if bis attention is confined to oue only. 
This is not alL He must be able to detect how tar 
the intellectual is active or dormant, and how far 
the moral. No teacher that does not thus skillfully 
analyze this compound object confided to his care 
and submitted to his control can discharge his duty 
faithfully or efficiently. All teachers of auy ex¬ 
perience know this, aud will promptly endorse that 
which, to them, has become an ever-recurring fact. 
When this analysis bus been obtained, due weight 
in instruction will be given to each of those two 
parts that compose, qualify and modify the whole: 
e, g,, to a boy of limited capacity and amiable dis¬ 
position, the very tone of the teacher’s voice and 
his mode of expression will touch both heart aud 
mind, and therefore enlighten the oue and attract 
the other, if both have been adapted respectively 
to the ascertained distinguishing features ot the 
pupil’s moral and mental character. To a boy of 
this nature, a harsh aud dictatorial manner and the 
most scholarly definition will gain access to neither 
heart nor head. No seed will have been sown in 
the intellectual soil to be watered from the heart- 
springs of the grateful recipient. The thunders of 
the teacher’s eloquence may have sounded fearfully 
distinct, aud the preceding lightniug may have 
flashed through the mind of the abased and trem- 
bliug scholar, but no assimilation of the mind and 
its food will have resulted, aud therefore, — if not 
always positively, comparatively, — both negative 
nd direct injury are effected .—[Ashevllk News. 
iitetatmr amt JUt. 
PAY OF AUTHORS. 
While hundreds of meritorious authors barely 
escape starvation, there are a goodly number whose 
labors are munificently compensated. At the head 
of these, probably, stands Victor Hugo. The 
sums which this great French novelist receives arc 
pleasant for persons with literary ambitions to think 
of. For bis new work, Ibr ordre. du Rot, he is paid 
by M. LACRorx 300,000 francs. Alexander Dumas, 
Hugo’s rival in literary good fortune and fecundity, 
has also received almost fabulous sums for some of 
his efforts. It is said that bis best year produced 
him 125,000 francs. During the period of forty-five 
year, since be first appeared in Paris, the total 
amount of his income from his poetry, romances, 
dramas, comedies, comic operas, vaudevilles, etc., 
has amounted to the sum of 3,000,000 francs. 
It is publicly stated that another Frenchman, 
Guizot, . eceives tifteeu huudred francs for each of 
his articles iu the Revue des Deux- Mondcs. Buloz, 
the publisher of that review, says that he receives, 
on an average, three articles a day, aud that he keeps 
two editors constantly occupied reading manuscripts. 
The remuneration ordinarily, is 200 francs for six¬ 
teen pages, or about $3 50 per page in gold. 
Remembering that Lamartine, in his palmy days, 
also commanded a fine income by bis pen, we are 
led to believe France a good country in which to 
cultivate lit orator* as a means of subsistence. In 
Denmark we see the dark side of the picture. There 
those who. as N. P. Willis used to phrase it, “coin 
their mind for daily bread," are not rewarded by 
such lavish returns. Hans Christian Andersen, 
the celebrated Danish poet and story teller, says 
that he has uever bad an income of more thaa six 
hundred dollars a year. So limited is the sale of 
books in Denmark that even the most successful 
works pay but little profit to their authors. 
Here in our own country the writers of books are, 
in the main, meagerly remunerated. Authors of 
educational works perhaps fare the best. Some of 
those receive many times what their very poor wares 
are worth, because their good genius, iu the shape of 
unbiased trustees and commissioners who are may¬ 
hap tickled with a fee, secures the introduction of 
said wares into the public schools, aud a good sale is 
thereby guaranteed. 
A LITERARY PARTNERSHIP. 
Literary works produced jointly, smack some¬ 
what of novelty. Only of late has united author¬ 
ship in story telling been known. Charles Dick¬ 
ens aud Wilkie Collins joined pens a year, ago, 
iu the evolving of a Christmas tale; but readers 
suspected the union to be simply in name, for the 
production possessed very little of Dickens’ indi¬ 
viduality, and very much of the other man’s. 
There is a literary partnership in France, how¬ 
ever, which seems to be genuine and complete. 
Novels and dramas by Ehckmann-Citatrian have 
been widely popular with the French people for 
several years. We are to be made acquainted with 
the romances, by Messrs. Scribner & Co., who will 
soon issue two of them. In advance sheets of the 
preface to one of these, “ Madame Therese,’’ in ac¬ 
count of the. authors and their literary uniou is 
given. They have worked together since their col¬ 
lege days, having been advised to this course, it is 
said, by one of their professors, who saw that oue 
lacked in talent just what the other possessed. 
Their method of cooperative labor is thus sketch¬ 
ed :— “Every morniug, before Chatrian goes to 
bis desk in the Eastern Railway, they cut out the 
day’s task while they are at breakfast. When they 
meet again in the evening at dinner, each commu¬ 
nicates to the other the ideas he has collected. 
These are discussed, compared, winnowed; and 
they select the plot, invent the incidents and turn 
of the uovel ou which they are at work. In this 
way it is completed. When It is ended, each in 
turn reads the proof-sheets, modifies, comments 
on them, and communicates his suggestions to the 
other. This partial revision ended, they proceed 
to the great, general and last inspection, after which 
the book is published.” 
-- 
LITERARY AND ART ITEMS. 
W. W. Story, the American sculptor, whose 
3tudio is in Rome, lias finished a very fine bust of 
Elizabeth B, Browning, and of her husband, 
Robert Browning. Says a correspondent of the 
Chicago Art Journal, writing from Rome, “They 
were younger and better looking than I supposed. 
She was a regular English beauty, with luxuriant 
long curls, and a fine expressive face. 
Gough says he has lectured, during his twenty-six 
years of public speaking, two hundred and fifty times 
in New York city, and three hundred and fifty times 
in Boston, and yet he never came before an audience 
without trembling at the kuees and huskiness of 
voice. The dramatic people call this “ stage fright,” 
aud they remark that the actor who does not feel it 
always, seldom reaches a high professional position. 
The well known publishing firm of Ticknor & 
Fields, Boston, has been dissolved by mutual 
consent, Mr. Howard M. Ticknor retiring. The 
publishing business will be continued under the 
name of Fields, Osgood Co., no change whatever 
taking place iu the character or associations of the 
house. 
The Riverside Press at Cambridge, Mass., bos in 
hand, in the composition department, forty-eight 
different works, some of them of large size. In their 
printing department Houghton At Co., turn out 
daily from three thousand to four thousand volumes, 
containing, on an average, six hundred pages each. 
The richest Chinese library iu the world is now in 
St. Petersburg. It consists of 11,007 volumes, with 
a number of wood engraviugs and MSS. It has been 
collected by the Russian Consul-General in Pekin, 
who is now anxious to sell it to some institution. 
Some one says that among our lecturers Emerson 
is the most intellectual, Phillips the most sarcastic, 
Gough the most attractive, Beecher the most 
popular, Curtis the most elegant, Chapin the most 
rhetorical, Greelev the most eccentric, 
The Italian academy of belles lettres has confer¬ 
red membership—for the first time upon a woman— 
upon Dora D’Istka, who is familiar with fifteen 
languages, and has written books in six of them. 
Mary Godolpuin has transmuted “ Robinson 
Crusoe” into words of one syllable each without 
detracting from the interest of the story. 
B ayard Taylor is announced as one of the editors 
of Putnam’s Monthly, beginning bis duties with the 
January number. 
Hans Christian Andersen, the Dauish novelist, 
is coming to the United States in February next. 
The Spanish revolution set free a Madrid editor 
who was serving a term of 103 years in prison. 
NEW MASONIC TEMPLE IN PHILADELPHIA. 
This, when completed, will be oue of the most 
extensive aud beautiful structures of its kind in the 
world. Its corner-stoue was laid on the 24th of 
June last, with imposing ccremouies, in the pres¬ 
ence of over 7,000 Masons. The dimensions are 
truly eollossal, the frontage on Broad street being 
150 feet, and on Filbert street 250 feet; height of 
the main tower 300 feet. Tbe material is granite, 
relieved by massive buttresses. On the Broad street 
front the se veral steps in Masonry will be indicated, 
the first stage exhibiting the Egyptian porch, sup- 
Handies lojiicd. 
SENSATIONS IN ‘ A BALLOON. 
The question,—“ Are you not dizzy in looking 
down from a balloon ?” was answered awhile since 
by the Boston Journal, as follows : 
“Dizziness or giddiness fr something entirely 
unknown in aeronautic traveling, and therein is one 
of the most surprising 'frets of ballooning. You 
look downward with the same steadiness and com¬ 
posure with which you look off from a mountain 
top. Another strange feature is that the balloon 
seems to stand perfectly still. Common sense 
teaches you that you are moving when the distance 
between you aud certain objects is widening, but 
there is no other indication of the fact, nor is there 
in rising and falling in the atmosphere. Immersed 
in the air current, aud traveling at the same or 
nearly the same velocity, the balloon seems rela¬ 
tively becalmed.” 
“This fact,” the Journal goes on to say, “suffi¬ 
ciently explains the utter uselessness of sails and 
rudder. There is uo wind to fill the one, nor ful¬ 
crum or resisting force for the other. The only 
poAver of the gas balloon is its buoyant force, and 
thus all inward efforts at propulsion or control, 
beyond the simple means of rising or falling through 
a depreciation of the buoyant material or the bal¬ 
last weight, ore manifestly fruitless. Until some 
other inward motive power than mere buoyancy is 
devised, no forward step can be made in aerostatics, 
and the union of any other with the gas balloou is 
entirely hopeless, since the craft is wholly at the 
mercy of the element which sustains it. The wind 
currents, too, are so variable that navigating the air 
between given points under their control would be 
quite as much out of the question. 
“ No difficulty in breathing is experienced at a 
less bight than two or three miles, by persons in 
health, uor is any other decided sensation felt under 
ordiuary circumstances. There may be ft slight 
ringing in or closing of the ears with some persons 
at a less altitude, but in the upper regions a deaf¬ 
ness is experienced. At the bight of three and a 
half miles the atmosphere is known to have just 
half the density it has at the surface, and there is, 
of course, the corresponding decrease of atmos¬ 
pheric pressure. At the surface, a man of ordiuary 
size is said to sustain an atmospheric pressure of 
25,000 pounds, while at the hight named it is re¬ 
duced one-half, the change bringing with it many 
discomforts. The reduction of atmospheric pres¬ 
sure is felt by the balloon through the expansion 
of the gas and the distension of its envelope, and 
thus to rise to great altitude necessitates a great 
expenditure of gas, as well as of ballast- To guard 
against a too sudden expansion of the balloon, the 
open neck at the bottom serves as a sort of safety 
valve, while it also becomes necessary to let out gas 
at times through tbe valve at the top.” 
-■» .« ♦ ♦.»- 
CARELESSNESS IN CORRESPONDENCE. 
The carelessness of people in business aud other 
correspondence is shown in some facts regarding 
the dead letter office furnished by a writer in Hours 
at Home. Fifteen or twenty men are employed in 
that establishment opening aud disposing of letteiE. 
During the past year 35,000 letters, inclosing $182,- 
234, were received, and uearly 38,000 of them, con¬ 
taining $14,020, were restored to their owners. But 
besides these money letters there were 21,000 dead 
letters, containing bills of exchange aud other valu¬ 
able matter, appraised at over §5,000,000; over 49,- 
000 containing photographs, jewelry, &c., aud 79,000 
containing, stamps and articles of small value. In 
every case where proper date and signature were 
given, letters of value have beeu returned to their 
writers; so it will be seen that all that is necessary 
to seeure the safety of such letters, if not called for 
at the plane where sent, is to attend to these appa¬ 
rently minor particulars. 
porting the figure of “Silence.” Both above and 
below this will be the “broken pediment," upon 
which the statue of “Obedience” will be placed. 
The third aud last stage will he marked by the uniou 
of the several designs iu one harmonious whole, with 
ornaments representing the emblems of the Craft, 
including the statues of Faith, Hope and Charity. 
The Grand Lodge Room will be 105 by 53 feet; and 
there will be a Banquet Room of like dimensions, 
besides Blue Lodge Rooms, lobbies, etc. Tbe coat 
will be $750,000, its erection requiring several years. 
THE NOVEMBER METEORS. 
The meteoric shower of Saturday morning, 14th 
inst, was one of the finest ever witnessed. From i 
all parts of the world within reach of the telegraph 
come dispatches announcing the same brilliant and 
wonderful display. Its presence is reported from 
Londou to San Francisco, and from very many in¬ 
termediate points in all sections of the United 
States. At many places astronomers and scientific 
men were carefully observing the trial, noting the 
flight and frequency of the meteor.- and sketching 
their paths on charts, which had beeu specially pre¬ 
pared in anticipation of the occasion; and when the 
reports of their labors are collected and compared, 
the results will be of great value and service to 
science. 
Commodore B. F. Sands, Superintendent of the 
United States Naval Observatory at Washington, 
has submitted a preliminary report, in which he 
says that during the five hours and twenty-live min¬ 
utes in which observations were made — from 12:35 
to (i a. m. —5,078 meteors were counted, falling at 
their maximum frequency at the rate of about 
2,500 an hour. During the entire display many 
meteors were seen in the west, and between four 
and five o’clock fully one-half were in that section 
of the heavens. The radiant poiut was fixed by 
careful computation at 149 degrees in right ascen¬ 
sion and 22% minutes in declination. The shower 
commenced several hours earlier than was expect¬ 
ed, and last year predictions were abundant that it 
would be seen ou the Pacific coast only .—Syracuse 
Journal. 
CAUSES OF SUDDEN DEATH. 
Very few of the sudden deaths which are said to 
arise from diseases of the heart do really arise from 
that cause. To ascertain the real origin of sadden 
deaths, an experiment has been tried in Europe and 
reported to a scientific congress at Strasburg. Six¬ 
ty-six cases of sudden death were made the subject 
of a thorough pout mortem examination; in these 
cases only two were found who had died from dis¬ 
ease of the heart. Nine out of sixty-six had died 
from apoplexy, while there were forty-six cases of 
congestion of the lungs—that is, the lungs were so 
full of blood they could not work, not being room 
enough for a sufficient quantity of air to support 
life. The causes that produce congestion of the 
lungs are cold feet, right clothing, costive bowels, 
sitting still until chilled after being warmed with 
labor or a rapid walk, going too suddenly from a 
close room into the air, especially alter speaking, 
and sudden, depressing news operating on the 
blood. These causes of 6uddcn death being known, 
an evidence of them may serve to lengthen many 
valuable lives which would otherwise be lost under 
the verdict of heart complaint. That disease is 
supposed to be inevitable and incurable; hence, 
many may not take the pains they would to avoid 
sudden death, if they knew It lay in their power. 
-- 
MAGNITUDE OF LONDON. 
Its houses number more than 350,000, and its 
streets, if placed in line, would extend from Liver¬ 
pool to New York, and are lighted at night by 
300,000 gas lamps, consuming in every twenty-four 
hours about 13,000,000 cubic feet of gas. Of the 
water supply, 44,383,328 gallons arc used per day. 
Tlio traveling public sustain 5,000 cabs aud 1,500 
omnibuses, besides all the other sorts of vehicles 
which human needs can require or human wit in¬ 
vent. Its hungry population devour in the course 
of every year 1,000,000 quarters of wheat, 340,000 
bullocks, 1,700,001) sheep, 28,000 calves, 35,000 pigs, 
10,000,000 head of game, 3,000,000 salmon, and in¬ 
numerable fish of other sorts, and consume 43,200,- 
000 gallons of beer, 2,000,000 gallons of spirits, and 
05,000 pipes of wine. As a consequence, 2,400 doc¬ 
tors find constant employment. London, finally, 
supports 852 churches, which are presided over by 
930 divines of greater or less uote .—The Nation. 
tailing foe the fjoung. 
A DOG SAVING A SHIP. ( 
A few years ago a sea captain from Massachusetts, 
who was In Havre, in France, obtained there a tine 
little rat terrier, which he called “ Neptune,” to be 
a companion on his voyage. Little “ Neptune” soon 
learned to like the vessel, aud he would run up lad¬ 
ders like a little sailor, though he could not come 
down without help. After the vessel had been at 
sea some weeks or months, when they began to 
approach laud, before it could bo seen by the men 
Nep. would mount high up ou the forward part of 
the ship, and snuff, aud snuff, and bark, and show 
signs of Joy. His keen scent enabled him to smell 
the land before it could be seen. He would also 
detect the approach of another ship when he could 
not see it, in the same way. 
When Nep. had been to sea with his master about 
two years, the “ Hortensia”—that was the vessel’s 
name—had beeu to New Orleans for a load of cotton, 
and was on her way out of the Gulf of Mexico, into 
the Atlantic Ocean. For some days there had been 
“squally” weather, with light baffling winds, and 
the vessel had not sailed very rapidly, but she was 
in a dangerous neighborhood, and a constant watch 
was necessary; for along the coast of Florida are 
long, low reefs, and islands, and bare, which have 
caused the destruction of many vessels. 
It had been the captain’s watch in the early part 
of the night—that is, the captain, with a few men, 
remained upon tbe deck while the rest slep; tthen 
the others, at the sound of the bell, came upon deck, 
the mate took charge of the ship, the men who had 
been watohing went below, and the captain, after 
telling the mate to call him before three o’clock, 
went below and “ turned into” bis berth to sleep. 
Nep. lay at his master’s state-room door, for that 
was bis sleeping-place. There lies In the Florida 
Straits a lurge and dangerous rock called the “ Dou¬ 
ble-headed ShotKeys.” A light house is built upon 
it, that vessels may be kept from ruuuing upon it in 
the night. “ Be sure to call me by three o’clock,” 
said the captain, “as by that time we shall be up 
with the Double-headed Shot Keys, aud sooner, if 
there is a cbouge of weather.” 
The night wore on, and all was still but the splash¬ 
ing of water; the mate went below to get something 
from his chest, sat down upon it a few minutes, and, 
before he knew it, was fast asleep; the men on deck 
receiving uo orders, supposed all was right, and one 
by one they, too, fell asleep; no one was awake but 
a little Spanish boy, whose turn it was to he at the 
wheel—that is, the helm, where they steer the 
vessel. 
Meantime.the wind changed, a stiff breeze sprung 
up, the sails were filled, and the “ Hortensia” plow, 
cd through the ocean briskly, straight toward the 
Double-headed Shot Keys. The little Spanish boy, 
half asleep at the helm, knew not of the danger, 
neither could he see ahead from where he stood, for 
the great sails concealed the view of the light-house ; 
but Nep. the good sailor that he was, discovered 
that laud was near—he smelt it, and he saw the light* 
■ He rushed down to his master’3 state-room, and 
barked, and jumped np to lam as he lay in his berth. 
“ Get down! be still, Nep !” said the sleepy captalu. 
But Nep. would not be still—he only barked the 
louder. “ Be still!” said the captain again, and he 
pushed the dog away. Again the faithful little fel¬ 
low jumped up, pulled his master’s sleeve, and took 
hold of his arm with his teeth. Then the captain, 
thoroughly roused, began to think something must 
he the matter. He sprang up, and Nep ran forward, 
barking, to the companion way; the captain’s head 
no sooner came above the deck thuu he saw what 
was the matter. Right ahead was tbe fearful rock 
and tbe light house, and the ship plunging toward 
it at the rate of nine miles an hour! He seized the 
helm, the ship straggled, swung round, aud when 
her course was shifted, she was so near the rock that 
iu three minutes more she would have struck and 
been a wreck; the sleeping sailors were roused to 
their duty, aud the astonished mate rose up from his 
uap on the chest, to learn that but for the faithful 
dog the waves might have already closed over them. 
Do you wonder that the captain thinks his dog is 
worth his weight in gold? He has been offered 
large sums of money for him, but money cannot 
buy him. He does not go to sea now. Nep. went 
as long as his master did, and now he makes himself 
quietly useful at homo by catching all the rats in the 
neighborhood. May he live to a good old age, the 
pet and admiration of all who know him! 
ON SWEARING. 
Cowpeu was an English poet. He wrote beauti¬ 
ful hymns. He wrote some lines also about 
swearing, which it would be worth while for every 
boy in the laud to learn. 
It chills my blood to hear the blest Supreme 
Rudely appealed to on each trifling theme; 
Maintain your rank; vulgarity despise; 
To swear is neither brave, polite nor wise. 
If you wish never to swear big oaths, the best 
plan is not to make use of little ones. 
Some who would not swear by the name of God 
think nothing of swearing “by George,” or “by 
jingo,” or by something else; others often cry out, 
“good gracious,” or “mercy on me,” and the like. 
These are the beginnings of swearing. They are to 
profane swearing what acorns arc to the oak. 
Our Savibur said when on earth, “ Let your yea 
be yea, and your nay, nay; for whatsoever is more 
than these eornoth of evil.” This means we should 
use plain, simple language. David had a short 
prayer on this point:—“Set a watch, O Lord, be¬ 
fore my mouth; and keep the door of my lips.” 
Let the children make it their prayer.— Child's 
Paper. 
The Fly and the Bee.—A fly once said to a 
bee:—“ Tell me, ray friend, how it is that no one 
pursues and torments you as they do me ? I have 
to protect my little life from every one, but you fly 
about in the air gathering honey tuiforbiddon from 
the flowers. If 1 venture to put, out my trunk to 
reach a crust of bread, or perchance to dip into 
some more dainty dish, death threatens me on the 
spot. I think if I could sting, and thus take ven¬ 
geance on my foes as thou canst, that I should be 
left in peace.” “ You are mistaken,” replied the 
bee. “ A much surer protection to me is that by 
diligence I serve mankind.” 
-—♦-! ♦ l « » 
Little StrxsiifNU. — Who is Little Sunshine? 
The child who does not pout, or frown, or say 
cross words, but who goes about the^honse laugh¬ 
ing, smiling, singing, saying kind’vmrdx, and doing 
kind deeds — that child is Little Sunshine. Does 
anybody know Little Sunshine ? Where does Lit¬ 
tle Sunshine live? 
-W «» 4 »« »- 
Humility is the low but broad and deep founda¬ 
tion of every virtue. 
