S’ 
jPowoIogtcal. 
NEW PEACHES. 
Notcsnn New Eiiglittb SendliiigM. 
I have been looking over Thomas Riv¬ 
ers’ Lambridgeworth Herts, England, cata¬ 
logue, ami find in it a number of new pouches 
raised from seed by a man whose knowledge 
in horticulture all horticulturists concede 
as among the first, ami whose honor is un¬ 
doubted. in other words, for the sake of 
money, Mr. Rivers would not issue anything 
he did not really believe valuable. How 
valuable his seed lings may prove in this 
country la of course to be tested; but it struck 
me, on reading the list, that perhaps many 
men here interested in peach culture might 
not sec his catalogue; and a little note of 
some of the new ones he deems valuable might 
be of interest. Our summer suns are so 
much more clear, and our heat so much longer 
continued, that we can pretty safely calcu¬ 
late on an improvement of any peach origin- 
ating in England; but their superiority over 
those grown from seed in our own country, 
is of course a question of practical fruiting 
knowledge. 
[ copy from his catalogue a few of his 
most promising sorts, and would say to 
peach growers who have tin? pecuniary 
means: — “ You just send for one or more 
t rees of each and Inline know the result,and 
I’ll tell of it—eh? or if you prefer, order a 
duplicate to be sent me; so that if yours die 
and mine live you can have buds.” 
Alexandre Noblesse. — Raised from seed of 
Noblesse, 'Free lias smooth leaves and round 
glands. Fruit large; flesh, melting rich; 
excellent. 
Dagmir . — A seedling from Early Albert; 
glands round; flowers large; fruit large; ripe 
early in August, 
Ur. Hogg. — Tree barely and vigorous, with 
large flowers; fruit large, freestone; season, 
middle of August. 
Early Alfred, — Raised from seed of Hunt’s 
Tawny Nectarine; flowers large; fruit large, 
ripe early in August. 
Early Beatrice .—Raised from seed of White 
Nectarine; flowers large; fruit medium size; 
remarkably early— from fith to 11th of July. 
Early Louise .— Raised from the Early Al¬ 
bert : fruit of medium size; bright, red; juicy; 
excellent ; ripens nearly as early as Early 
Beatrice, or from 12th to Kith Juiy. 
Early Rivers .— Raised from Early Silver, 
and is a grandchild of White Nectarine; 
flowers large; fruit, large, straw-color, with 
a pink cheek; ripens July 14th to 18th. 
CRAB APPLES. —III. 
Fruit for tlic Extreme Northern Latitudes— 
The Pyrus lunula, or Crab Varieties. 
like “ General Grant,” does not quite present 
the appearance of a true Siberian crab. 
ELLIOTT. 
urn 
li, | * 
Sr,lit 
Jm/Jl 
Orange. 
Size medium; round, slightly flattened at 
ends; light, warm yellow, or light orange- 
colored ; stem slender; cavity open, deep; 
Header's Winter. 
Fruit medium size; roundish oblate; warm, 
light, yellow ground, shaded with clear, 
rich red, that, on the fully exposed sun side, 
becomes quite dark and entire; many large 
gray dots; stem slender; calyx small, closed 
ORANGE—0 UTLINE. 
calyx closed; basin furrowed; flesh yellow¬ 
ish white, mild sub-acid, pleasant, a little 
dry. 
Header's Winter—Outline. 
to a point; basin deep broad,slightly ribbed 
or furrowed; flesh yellowish, moderately 
juicy, crisp, tender, rich, sharp sub-acid; 
core medium ; seeds large and full; season 
Winter. Apparently this is a valuable cook¬ 
ing sort, and rich for cider. 
IIutbhiHon'ii Winter Sweet. 
Fruit medium size; roundish oblate ; light 
yellow ground, with a blush red cheek in 
Lady Palmerston .— Raised from Pine Ap- the sun, and many minute dots; stem long, 
pie Nectarine; fruit large, greenish yellow, 
marbled with crimson; ripens toward the 
end of September. 
Large Early Mignonnc. — Raised from seed 
of Belle Beaucc; flowers large; fruit very 
large, straw-color, with a rosy cheek; ripens 
a week earlier than Grasse Mignonnc*. 
Princess of Wales. — Flowers very large; 
fruit very large —one of the largest known, 
and one of the most beautiful. 
Rivers' Early York. — Medium size; has a 
smack of the Stanwlck Nectarine; has large 
flowers, and not liable to mildew like its pa¬ 
rent, the Early York. 
Nectarine Peach. — lias large flowers; was 
raised from a stone of a Dutch Nectarine; 
has a peculiar delicious flavor, and ripens 
about the middle of September. 
Magdalu. — This is one of Mr. Rivers’ 
latest production. He describes it as having 
been raised from seed of Rivers’ Orange Nec¬ 
tarine; fruit of medium size, smooth like a 
Nectarine, creamy white,marbled and blotch¬ 
ed with crimson; ripe middle to end of Au¬ 
gust. F. R. Elliott. 
■ * ♦ »- 
THE FANNY APPLE. 
Charles Downing, in Gardener’s Month¬ 
ly, calls this “ a beautiful and excellent sum ; 
mer apple, at first pronounced the Red As* 
trachan, but lnts proved distinct, being lar¬ 
ger in size, of a deep red color, two weeks 
later in ripening, and continues a month 
or more in good condition, its quality being 
equal if not superior to the above named 
variety. It is a showy fruit, valuable for 
family use, and commands a high price. 
The original tree, which bears evidence of 
having been planted in its present position, 
is still growing near Strasburgh, Lancaster 
Co., Pa., not one hundred yards from the 
spot where the Gate or Belmot apple origin¬ 
ated. Tree vigorous, healthy, spreading, 
and very productive, young wood dark gray¬ 
ish brown, downy. 
Fruit, medium to large, oblate, slightly hi¬ 
ding to conic, obscurely angular; skin deep 
rich crimson in the sun, and rather indis¬ 
tinctly splashed and striped with light and 
dark red on the shaded side and moderately 
sprinkled with light dots and covered with a 
thin bloom; stalk short and small, inserted 
in a deep even cavity; calyx closed; seg¬ 
ments short to a point; basin somewhat ab¬ 
rupt, quite deep and uneven; flesh white, 
sometimes stained next the skin, j uiev, ten¬ 
der, with a very pleasant sub-acid flavor; 
quality very good at least; core small. 
slender, in a deep open cavity; calyx closed, 
CliUHit'M Winter Sweet. 
Fruit, ipediiun size; roundish oblate; rich, 
warm, yallow ground, mostly overspread 
with dark,rich red;minute dots; stem long, 
slender; cavity broad, open, deep; calyx 
half dosed, with short almost erect seg- 
Hutchinson’b Winter Sweet—Outline. 
with long pointed segments; basin broad, 
deep, corrugated; flesh yellowish white; 
dry, sweet; core lurge; seeds abundant; 
season November and December. 
While Winior. 
Fruit, medium size; roundish oblate; light, 
pale yellow, with a faint blush and a few 
scattering, irregular-sized, dark carmine dots 
in sun ; stem short; cavity very broad, open, 
yet deep; slightly russet ted; calyx closed, 
White Winter—Outline. 
with short segments; basin shallow, with 
slight broad furrows; flesh yellowish while, 
crisp, moderately juicy, sharp acid; core 
medium, with a hollow center; seeds abun¬ 
dant ; season December and January. This, 
Chase’s Winter Sweet—Outline. 
ments; basin shallow, corrugated ; flesh yel¬ 
lowish, very firm, moderately juicy, mild 
sweet; core small; seeds plump and abun¬ 
dant; season December. This, apparently, 
is a long keeper, and much the best sweet 
apple among its class. 
- +++ - 
FARMERS AND FRUITS. 
One of our enthusiastic farmers, who gives 
his attention to every Item of profit and com¬ 
fort obtainable from the land, writes us in 
such a vein respecting the neglect of farmers 
as a rule to grow fruits even hi quantities 
sufficient for the wants of their own families 
that we caimot forbear copying somewhat 
from his letter, so that if any readers of the 
Rural belong to the class he depicts, the 
picture he draws will cause them to at once 
right about lace into some improvement, 
lie says: 
“ When wool brings a good price they 
rush for the last sheep and shear it very 
close, they eat no mutton chops, and rejoice 
over trim lambs; when butter gets up to 
forty or sixty cents, tiny use it sparingly iu 
their own families, keep more cows than 
they can feed well, and yet want to buy one 
more. But for fruit, a few old scraggy apple 
trees and a little ‘currant bush’ content 
them. IIj perchance, some peddler soils them 
a few trees, they ‘ stick them out ’ in a hurry 
in a comer of the meadow, where they are 
neither protected nor cultivated: and if the 
cattle are not turned into the meadow in the 
fall and the trees headed back by than, the 
mice during winter work a radical change in 
their quiet way beneath the grass and snow. 
If a few dwarf pears are got, they are either 
put into the uncultivated corners of the gar¬ 
den, or more commonly in the front yard in 
the grass, where without any intelligent at¬ 
tention they soon die, and of course the 
farmer concludes that the trees xVe get now- 
t a-days are not good for anything any way.” 
He adds" While such farmers are the rule 
there are many worthy exceptions—many 
who begin to see that it pays to plant good 
trees, give them sensible care, and have a 
large supply of various kinds of fruit to use 
in their family, to sell or to feed to farm 
stock.” 
-- 
POMOLOGICAL GOSSIP. 
Hybrid Grnpt*. — p. j. Beech van, Augusta, 
Ga., in Southern Cultivator says Allen’s Hybrid 
«rupo is entirely unstated to that climate. He 
tails to find any hybrid character in Rogers’ 
Hybrids, either in the wood, foliage, or fruit. 
They ail show pure native characteristics, and 
are all more or less Improved seedlings of the 
Ldbnisca type. Nos. J, y and 7 are very pood 
varieties. The latter is a large, reddish-pink 
drupe, very sweet and of good appearance. All 
the others are of little value, the larger por¬ 
tion being Isabella*. And he adds that but 
lit t ie of good, in t he production of hybrid grapes, 
had ever been accomplished in this country until 
Dr. ,1. P. WYLtK of South (’amlina produced his 
last hybrid varieties. All the hybrids formerly 
in the Irado wore either too much allied to the 
foreign grape, (vitis vine/era,) and consequently 
unreliable for outrdoor cultivation, or were in 
most instances pure natives in all their charac¬ 
ters proving no better, il as good, as their con¬ 
geners. Dr. Wylie's first hybrids were of the 
former class, and although (hr results of his ex¬ 
periment were eminently successful, as proved 
by his taking the native type ns female, and fer¬ 
tilizing it with the pollen of the foreign, and 
producing most exquisite Delaware.?, with the 
aroma of the finest Muscats, still the vines were 
objectionable, owing to the foreign characters 
predominating. Dr. Wylie succeeded last yeur 
in producing several vgrietir*, which, as to fruit, 
are altogether equal to the finest foreign varie¬ 
ties, and to vine, have the vigorous growth, 
leathery leaves and all the character of the 
purest Lnbruscas. Entire freedom from decay 
and robust, growth are the requisite qualities of 
a hybrid grape. This was always aimed at but 
never attained, until Dr. Wylie’s last experi¬ 
ments produced an entire new feature, and one 
eminently desirable. 
-- 
Vdlrondnr, lonn and I«raeilo Grapes in Ga.— 
Herrmann's notes on these grapes arc:—The 
Adlronrlnc dies In the fall. At first he attributed 
the failure to weak vines, but having planted 
some very strong, three year old vines, with 
similar results, he concludes that, Ihis variety is 
not suited to Die climate of Georgia. The Iona 
produced a sound crop this season — bunches 
i large, berried pink, sweet, brisk and good. Un¬ 
fortunately it possesses the same aslri agency as 
♦he Bland's Madeira, when grown In clay soils. 
The Israella turned out remarkably well tins 
year, confirming the good opinion ho previously 
entertained. It is handsome, of exquisite qual¬ 
ity a,s a table grape, is very productive, and has 
not had a decayed berry in t hree years. 
-w«- 
Apples in Iowa. — A Grinnell, Iowa, corre¬ 
spondent of the Prairie Farmer, who throws ins 
orchard plot into ridges twenty feel apart, when 
drainage Is necessary, nnd plants oil the ridges, 
recommends for that locality the following ap¬ 
ples:—Wine Sap, Red Aatmchnn, Willow Twig, 
Hawks’ Janet, Talman Sweet, Snow or Famouso, 
Sweet and Red June, Duchess of Oldenburg, 
Smith’s Cider, St. Lawrence, Jonathan. All the 
cultivation his orchard gets is to seed to clover 
after two years* cultivation, and never allow a 
plow among the trees after. Mulch heavily , 
with coarse manure, al ter the ground freezes in 
iho full, or early winter, and work In with a 
fork in the spring. 1 
-- 
Strawberries In Georgia. — P. G. Bf.uckxian 
writes the Southern Cultivator that the straw- i 
berries Dr. Nieaisoand Napoleon III. will prob¬ 
ably never amount to much in Georgia, the 
climate being too warm. Like most European 
varieties, the plants burn up In summer; also 
that the past was the third season of fruiting ] 
the Agriculturist. The crop was heavy, fruit , 
large but variable in flavor, sometimes being 
very good, and sometimes insipid; seeming to 1 
do best in saiuly soils. The berries, although : 
huge, are not of good appearance, and will not i 
sell so well us some other varieties. 
-- 
Itlack Knot in Plain Trees.— D. D. Walsh of 
Hock Island, State Entomologist of Illinois, 
says that all his examinations have resulted in 
the conviction that Die black knot on the plum 
t rees is tin • effect of a fungus, and. is not a dis¬ 
ease nor u gull, lie thinks the spores or seeds 
are formed about the end of July, in latitude 40 
deg. fid minutes, and therefore if the excres¬ 
cences tn? ail Cut oil uml destroyed by the 
early part of July, an effectual stop will be put 
to their further spread. 
-»+*- 
•loplin's Peaks of Otter Grape is the namo of a 
grape presented the Virginia Horticultural So¬ 
ciety by Mr. Joplin, which he says is a native of 
the Blue Itldgc in Virginia, and which he lias 
cultivated thirty-live years on rich low grounds 
aud other places, without a failure* of a good 
crop, or mildew, or rot, or any other disease. 
The vine is a luxurious grower aud a great 
bearer. The leaves indicate it does not belong . 
to the fox grape species. It makes a lino wine. 
-- 
Superiority of Kansas Fruits.— W. C'. Tanner, 
President of the Kansas State Horticultural 
Society, asserts the superiority of Kansas fruits I 
in poiut of beauty ami quality over those of the i 
Middle States; and believes that, an exhibition 
Of samples at. Die coming session of the Ameri¬ 
can Pomologieal Society at Philadelphia will in¬ 
duce many of the best horticulturists in the 1 
country to settle in Kansas. ] 
-•+♦- 1 
Manufacture of Native Wines.—The Kansas 
State llort. Hoc. voted down the following reso¬ 
lution, by a decided majority, at its recent ses- 1 
sion: < 
Jlrmlml , That it is the sense of this Assooia- i 
tion that the manufacture and use of native . 
wines tends to lower the morals of our people 1 
and increase drunkenness, and we cannot there- i 
fore recommend the growing of grapes for wine * 
purposes. 
-»+«- ? 
Cherries for Kansas,—The State Hort. Soe. re¬ 
commend for general cultivation in Kansas, 
Early Richmond, English Morello and .May Duke; ( 
and for amateur culture, Belle Magnlflque, Yel- 1 
low Spanish, Royal Duke and Heine Hortense. j 
OO /—\ 
Vegetable CParbrn. 
THE LIMA BEAN. 
How to Grow and Cook Them. 
The Large lAina, with the “ Sieva” or 
Small Lima , form a distinct class in the Bean 
family, and are much esteemed in their sea¬ 
son on our tables. It. is usually supposed to 
have been brought from Peru, and to hare 
taken its name from the capital of that coun¬ 
try. Ferdinand de Soto, when lie marched 
Ids army into Florida, before the middle of 
the sixteenth century, found the granaries of 
the natives well stored with Indian corn aud 
certain ‘* leguminous seeds,” which were 
probably the Lima bean ; lor the natives 
Continued to cultivate them until quite re¬ 
cently. From t his it. would seem that il was 
native to the United States. 
The Lima bean is a runner or climber, and 
in good soil and a favorable locality will ex¬ 
tend its shoots twenty or more feet. A warm 
dry soil, new and rich, suits it the best. 
Early in May—or should flu* spring be very 
open, the last week in April—mark out the 
ground into squares, four feet each way ; at 
each intersection set a pole firmly; cedar 
makes the best, white birch the next; Hie 
limbs and twigs should be left, an iucli or 
two long, the better to hold up the vine. 
The poles should be about ten feet in length; 
setting about twelve to eighteen inches into 
, the ground. Around each pole put three or 
four shovels full of well rotted manure, and 
fork it well into the ground. Then raise a 
broad flat hill around the polo, about two 
feet across the top, and about four to six 
incites high, and your ground is ready for 
planting. 
It is always better to plant immediately 
after a rain than before; and if the ground 
is ready and a storm approaching, I should 
defer the planting until the rain is over. The 
Lima is more liable to rot than any of the 
bean family, and u long cold rain is almost 
certain to necessitate a second planting. 
In selecting seed, always take the beans 
that are shrivelled or wrinkled, provided 
they arc of large size. These are always the 
most matured, and more certain to grow 
strong and stocky. Plant the beans In a 
circle of about eight inches from aild around 
the pole, and about four inches apart. Take 
each bean between the thumb and forefinger, 
and stick it into the ground about two inches 
deep. Always pvt the eye down. 
Many object to what they call this” waste 
of seed ;” but I have always found it more 
profitable to bo obliged to pull out ball' or 
three-quarters, than to have to plant over 
the second time. Therefore I have estab¬ 
lished it as a rule, “ don’t be afraid of using 
too much seed,” 
As soon as the beaus show the third leaf 
hoe them out lightly, cutting off the weeds, 
and mellowing up the surface of the ground. 
Cultivate them as often as needed during the 
summer, keeping the weeds down and the 
earth light. When the vines begin to throw 
out runners, then thin out to four or five of 
the largest plants, and hill them up a little 
at every hoeing. A sprinkling of liquid 
manure, weekly, will be very beneficial to 
them at this time. When the vines get to 
the tops of the poles, it is advisable to clip 
the ends with a pair of shears, thus throw¬ 
ing the strength of I he plant, into the fruit. 
As soon as the bean shows its size fully and 
distinctly in the pod, you may commence 
picking. The pod is not edible, as with 
string beans; the seed alone of the Lima 
being all that is eaten. 
If the yield is more than enough for the 
family supply, pick ihcm while green and 
tender, shell them and dry in the sun, and 
put them away for winter use. The Lima 
will keep ripening until killed by frost. As 
soon as cut off, pull off all pods that are 
filled, and spread them in some dry airy 
place to be shelled aud eaten during the 
winter. Pull up the poles and stack them, 
butts up. The points will not decay ns fast, 
and the poles will be serviceable twice as 
long by this little care. 
In saving seed for future use, it is best to 
reserve two, three, or more poles of the ear¬ 
liest; ripe, and keep only the earliest and best 
for planting. 
Perhaps it is not out of our province to 
add a few words about cooking. The most 
common way is to boil them; put into the 
pot only enough water to cover them and 
keep them from burning. If young and 
green they will cook in twenty minutes. 
Add a little salt to them while cooking. 
When about to serve up, add butter and 
pepper to suit the taste. They arc also ex¬ 
cellent served up with green corn as succo¬ 
tash. In winter boil and serve as above, and 
put them in an earthen dish, and set iu the 
