>I)ccp ©nsbanbrj}. 
n. S. RAND ALL, LL. D., EDITOK, 
Of Cortland Villase, Conn.Avn County, Xsw Tonic. 
N. Y. STATE WOOL GROWERS’ 
ASSOCIATION. 
Tfte New York State Sheep Breeders’and 
Wool Growers’ Association held its annual 
meeting at Syracuse, Jan. 27. The attend¬ 
ance was very large, and embraced leading 
and representative men from all the principal 
wool growing counties of the State. 
Tim President, Mr. Randall, called the 
meeting to order and delivered an address, 
for the following brief synopsis of which we 
are indebted to the Syracuse Journal: 
Ad<lrrs» of President Hutnlall. 
The society had assembled. he tuffl, under 
much happier auspices than it did u year ago. 
Then thorn whs a st.iiniant woolen market. The 
causes worn well known. There was a tariff, 
which had protected the wool trade ; but itcamo 
after all the ev il had been rendered us. The 
sneaker (tic a referred to the onuses which led to 
the inception of the present uuiir on wool, 
among which were the diminution of laborers, 
increase of taxation, and the low value of the 
currency. In other article* there wasa compen¬ 
sation for this d' Holency: but not so with wool, 
ft costs no more to grow wool iu foreign coun¬ 
tries after than liel'drcvtbe war. The growth or 
wool was stimulated f>r our wool demand, and, 
ns a result, the country was Hooded, and the 
price did not advance in proportion to the cost 
of home growth. It was then necessary to In- 
creaso the tariff on wool, so i Imt foreign compote 
itpv wool could not ho sold in our markets below 
the cost, of domestic production. The poepninry 
interests of our people demand the continuance 
of sheep husbandry to saw the tay? e capital 
already Invested, and also to yresorv* nn eto- 
mont of ugri culture which is ImUspcmaublc to 
the success of convertible husbandry. Na¬ 
ts inis must bo self-sustaining; tltolr commerce 
must tie protected: they must not make 
themselves dependent upon remote foreign 
countries for the forwnosi nocessaties of life. 
In this land wool la essential to human life and 
comfort. There fs no substitute for it- as there 
Is with other productions: and thin country is 
as well adapted to sheep husbandry ms any other 
country. 'The reason why we cannot raise wool 
os cheaply is that it takes far more labor; and 
Capital and labor are clearer. The speaker then 
referred to the economical manner of rinsing 
Bhoop In ttiar.it and Australia, where immense 
tracts of land aro loosed from the crown. The 
sheep are herded by .shepherds, who live upon a 
morn pittance, ana can take cure of from 1,000 
to 15.000 animals. In Texas and California no 
artificial winter food Ls necoaeary. and sheep run 
bn raised with no more care Than in South 
America and Africa. But there ia another 
reason why we cannot nilse wool as cheap¬ 
ly us other nations. We pay higher taxes 
on all the ekmnint i of production. Domestic 
productions exposed to foreign competition pay 
six or seven percent, more for the privilege of 
using our market* limu l ervign produce, if it is 
admitted duty free. There isn class of theorists, 
the speaker said, who udvomre tin* plan (.hat the 
true policy of nations is to exchange their com¬ 
modities without my commercial restrictions 
beyond a low level rate of duties; Unit the 
griNi.io.3t common profit lb-, in inning goods 
whore they can bttobtained cheapest. 
But common sense dictate* n few nueatlonp 
which will answer such argument better than 
air. theory of political economy. Is it the true 
policy of a great agricultural country — a coun¬ 
try as well adapted as auv other to the produc¬ 
tion of wool to surrender the growing of one 
of the chief agricultural necessaries of life to 
distant countries with whom our trade la liable 
at any time in |if eifecittally interrupted by war? 
Ia it Inexpedient and un.jusr. to make other pen- 
pi'' pay as much for the use oJf our market as wo 
pay ourselves? Is it for the greatevit common 
profit Hint our own manufacture bo d(V;l ruyed 
because cheap foreign capital mid labor cun tin- 
dersall ours when it choiires to d*> so lo kill our 
compelltiou when wo know that when it h 'i 
deorayed our compottrlon, and has us in its 
power, it will chargo our consumers more fm 
goods than do our »wu milts? The reason whv 
Kuglimd can undersell us In woolen fabrics Is, 
because her woolen goods are made up in the 
proportion of otio to two-tblrdH shoddy. Thu i, 
provon by reports submitted lo Parliament in 
Hi7. Tlmac are tlm goods fn o-traderg will leave 
us i.iko In the place of domestic woolens. 
Tho tinw wi ll yet come, continued the speaker, 
when the regions of the iur West will lie used 
for slump-growing. He tlien referred at some 
length to the comparative cost, of hired labor In 
this and other wool-growing countries. It wa , 
not nearly as groat as generally wuppoaed. Wo 
do not compote with pauper tabor, as many 
think. Hut the general cost of living is far 
greater hero than for tho shepherds In Australia. 
More fko farmer Is his own shepherd. Labor in 
(he. Lnitod States enjoys Iho comforts uud bears 
tho pecuniary burdons of civilization. Ameri¬ 
can I armors cannot subsist und meet their ex¬ 
penses at the Homo cost with English or Scotch 
shepherds in Australia or Buenos Ayres, who 
hayo no social orpolitlcal relations to maintain. 
Is a the policy ot a •‘••If-govorulug people to 
le/i slate against tho iritvesia of civilization? 
Ii it wia© In a wioml. political, or In a pecuniary 
POlUt. of view, t« attempt to degrade. A tmtrii-uii 
labor to tho Matue of half-civilized foreign labor, 
or else take away from our labor the production 
oi a great leading staple of industry- which is 
necessary to the permanent fcrtillt v of our soil, 
and for tho production of which wj> have e- 
many natural advantages as any other? A free 
country muat never tliscomugo its civilisation 
by rendering ii uiiurofl table to the civtli/.cd 
Tim speaker then rotarred lo t he probable nJtl 
mate tilbng up ot the Western Territories by 
immigration. As Ui is statu of things approached, 
civilization will increase the. general cost of 
living and consequently of production. This 
will probably never happen In Australia, or at 
the ( ape of Good Hope. It is better to forward 
civilization t»y protei ling the labor of our pcopb 
from the noiiipetition of foreign half-civilized 
labor, therr to giro the latter i he advantage in 
our markets. 
There are obstacles in the wav of the present 
tariir; but no taritf produces its ultimate effects 
immediately. The currents of trade cannot at 
once be chuuged. Prior to the passage of the 
present tariff immense importations ot wool 
took place In anticipation of its p.'tssage. and 
the markets became overstocked. There was a 
surplus of woolens sufficient to last two years. 
The burplusses worked oft slowly and at dull 
prices. Tho short crops of I66b effected ttm tale 
of woolen goods in tho West and South. There 
was a great depression, and the woolen trade felt 
it particularly. Tariff* could not remove tho 
surplus wool from our nun hot, or r<*> tore gnu h- 
ern unde. All it. could do was to shut out future 
importation, and it li.-c. dorm ho. The yr.ir fol¬ 
lowing its adoption only about one-half a* nun !i 
ivool was imported as the year previous, uud it 
again toll oil in l£tl& The great proportion of 
wools now hupuriod are uoii-competing, (being 
, K curpots,) which arc not grown in the 
l. tilted bnit«.-3, amt arc suffered to enter at a men 
nominal duty. Tho proportion of competin'/ 
wools entered is gradually growing smaller each 
year. In Boston, during I sot;, Hie competing 
wools received reached LWyi.KIh pound-, while the 
non-competing wools notched tiviTMUd pounds, 
or moi • than four times as mu- h. But tho one - 
lion might, arise, are not comp', ting wools on 
tt-red at ihe custom houses as carpet wools? 
Tin? speaker thought not, us I ho manner of eu- 
tering Wool is very strict and exact. Commit toes 
ot the National Wool Growers’ A.-aoclation vj>- 
i \ ew ^“rit and Boston custom houses 
m iso? uud 1808 to ascertain whether tho wool 
tariff w.ts legally enforced. Asa member of that 
committee, the speaker could state with certain¬ 
ty that the appraisers came square up to the lino 
of liieir duty. The great fax ing clause of Iho 
present tariff is that all doubtful wool, us com¬ 
pared with the two classes of computing and 
carpet wool, must pay the highest duty. It can¬ 
not be evaded. 
The present signs of iho times are hopeful. It 
is conceded by all Interested In tile wool market 
that thu woolen trade is reviving, and on a sound 
baas. The over supply of foreign goods has 
somewhat drained off, and tho good crops of 18t>8 
have restored c rtfidemm and increased trade. 
The supply of wool in our market ia not. too 
large. Prices a e linn unit slowly rising. This 
gradual nso in rulee . i In speaker considered aa 
a favorable feature. The duty or Wool growers, 
ho thought, is ro pn servo Ihe prusclll In riff, with 
its scale of liutle .in-1 its elii-silieations un¬ 
changed. cither by legislation or by treaty. It ts 
not probable that any \ - ry sertnua attempt will 
be n ride to meddle with the wool lariff'in tint pres¬ 
ent Goo gross. An attemptm being made to renew 
tht roci| rocltj tn ty. I ho < Sect - if such n 
measure on a class ot wool gt'mves |m-*i well aa 
Other producens) would be disastrous in the ex¬ 
treme. The speaker did not apprehend any seri¬ 
ous attempts, at the movement at present. Tho 
rural interests have opposed it with suhi ckb. 
The speaker then counseled the assoei.itinn to 
work for Its. own best Interests its wool-growc-rs, 
and not to let it sink into a mere nominal organ- 
taut ion. It v.',is through the influence - if such 
organizations that Congress jm <a d the tariff, af¬ 
ter months of delay arid grout pressure on the 
part,or the Wool-growers and th<* manufiiet urers. 
Co-operation with manufacturers isiiev-e iry to 
secure any end concerning the w-'ot Interests. 
Thu state of adnli'scompares favorably with the 
olden l Hues. Tile firmer ha., lifted linn.-. -If from 
his l»w estate, and hia voice is now heard even 
in the council halls of the land. Tire speaker 
further urged the necessity iff keeping the or¬ 
ganization effective fora good many other ob¬ 
jects. It is nocc3sary to meet at least twice a 
year to compare notes, and learn from each other 
what course is best to pursue in reference lo the 
queidions which arc constantly arising in the 
wool interest. The speaker strongly urged tho 
necessity of keeping up the spring I'm is, consid¬ 
ering t hal OUC Of tho most isnporiiiid objects of 
the ai?30ci.itiou would bo lost if they wore not 
kvlff up. He then closed by rennn-lloc the aaso- 
elation once more that., although there was no 
apparent, danger of tho repeal of tho tariff or 
tin- passage of a reciprocity treaty, tho friends 
of the former and too foes of tho latter are in- 
dustri-ioaly attoinpiiou to prepnro the public 
uilud foc'tucir sueeessiill lultillmunt. 
At the conclusion of the address, the Presi¬ 
dent stilted Unit lie had requested the I Ion. 
Mr. Gkdder of Onondaga, to prepare reso¬ 
lutions on tin? proposed renewal of the Reci¬ 
procity Treaty, lor the consideration of this 
mooting, and Jig c,tiled for their reading. 
Renal at f nun air Reciprocity* 
RcsnUy.dy That thin Ai^oclullon has learned 
with astonishment and alurm tl.m Hie project of 
another Reciprocity Treury with the British 
Provinces has been received with favor by 
high officials of our Government at Washington. 
hVmhvff, That we respectfully protect agivitmt 
the making of tiny treaty ot other arraugomuat 
by which tho i r.id-- mid conitnorco between our 
count it anil tin British Frovltic<aaJMill beplaoml 
on any other or difturen' ImidIz than it is with all 
Other nationsunti jiiovlncec. 
Resolved, Ttiat, ivhllu " " are ready and willing 
to boar one ,i> > -i pn portion of the Uixoa m.i-ie 
newssjry by the taro rebellion, wo insist that 
the pruduetlouft of our farms are entitled to 
protection agjuusi foreign compeution eouallv 
with the productions or ittanutaoturors oi the 
mrious articles that are cousnmod in (ho coun¬ 
try; and that it would lie icauil--tly unjust to 
force us to purchase all tliaf wo const one, not 
produced on oui farm.i, si the enhanced jirlcm* 
ur- ate-i by Hie high pricool tabor, and the tux-u 
laid by Government on Hitch imtick-ri of con- 
faimptlon. and ut. the same Unit* take from us our 
present, protection, as provided In our Tariff 
laws. 
Resolved, That the enhanced cost ot farm pro¬ 
ductions, iTciitc-l by the debts of the conn try, in 
in no wiao less than is tho CHilianueil cost of manu¬ 
factured articles; and we can no more submit to 
yield our markets to t he untaxed product ions of 
He British Province* than can lie* nnoiufactur- 
et’H of cloths. Iron, or any other commodity. 
Ke^lrnl. Thai He* expeitonce of one Koei- 
pi'-cii y Tr-aiy shoui-1 tiesulUeieut to protect not 
only the tarin-.-rs, Inn all other alti 'i- ". of our cttl- 
v.em, fig.iiii'.t the repetition of hucIi a folly. Iti 
Hu year its-h which was before the treaty was 
made, our Government eolk-tited in duties on 
articles linporred from tho Provinces now In¬ 
cluded in Uiu“ Dominion," tbit .sum of , H,624i't57. 
AI ter l lie Treaty wan in operation, our duties bo 
collected did not average more than $t7o,UMu year 
for ^ the wliiilo ten yen m it was. in operation. In 
He- fiscal year that ended In IHflT, tlie Treaty be¬ 
ing no longer in loroi-. our Government, collected 
iG.l'Ni.nK) in gold on CanuclLin productlorm, and 
m tin- two year* that have passed »inee the ter- 
niinatton <*1 the Treaty we riavo collected about 
j-15,iAKi,iKK). in our currency, on tho productions 
oi' rh - I'rovin-c«s, that. Hava been luiporteit (nfo 
tho United Slat re. Tbla luuneiise ttum has gone 
into the national treasury, mid our tax-payors 
have been rclfavtd by bo much. 
llefotvvi, That tiy the geographical formation 
of this continent, tho Panadas can have no other 
market for their productions than such as is 
luruishod l>v the United Stutos. This ib shown 
to be true, hy the fai t that tho trade between us 
and thu Provinces bas not diminished ,-iiuoo tho 
termination of the treaty. In the language of 
the Hon. IsraelT. HATCH, In an official report 
lately made to tho Secretary of Ihe Treasury, 
under a resolute -a of tho House of Rc-presenta- 
tives, Outiufli.in offteial returns “ discloset tin fan* 
that the Ciiu tdas now, as In tune past, sell to an 
and buy ot (treat, llrlutpi,” Mr, Hatch (Ub- 
cIohoh the important fact, that ‘*alnce the lermi- 
nation oi the treaty, itnmigration no lortgt r stops 
in Onim-la, lint p&ae-s on to tho Uiuted States, 
vvliletj liutnigration thu Commissioner of Inter¬ 
nal timeline otimates has, since, the termina¬ 
tion of the war, added *80,(XW,(ji/i, directly, 
and - -"i.oK.'.OiH, indirectly, to the wealth of (I'm 
country.’’ 
/Jrso/ed, That, if fhoagrieultuml nroduetinns 
of tlie i’jina-Lis were to t»e iidmitteu,duty free, 
into the Cnited .States, this Jmmlgi'atton would 
he given to the Cauitdu-', it was while | bore wa* 
u reciprocity treaty In force. Not only would 
this lie so, but fanners from tho States would 
them solves people Hie i.anadaa, au-l so develop 
their now neglected resources that a national 
growth would follow more rapidly than has over 
yei hoeii witm/ssed in any agrlculrurul country. 
I’or noauch u-lvnntages have ever yet been ac¬ 
corded, voluntarily to any country." With their 
chonp living, low faxes, and consf’.uuost low 
priced labor, and with Ihnlr good soils, tho Can¬ 
adas could multiply their productions to an in- 
deffmicextern, if we wore to give them the ben- 
cflts of our lnurketM, where high prices must 
prevail as long os high nixes lust. 
/iVyi.'/ird, That Mr. Hatch is correct in saying 
that under thu present tiendiiiott of our rev¬ 
enue laws, competition between tho people of 
Canada and the L'niic-I States can oiiiv be on 
e-piaJ bjrins, when duties, equal to He-so direct Iv 
and lntUrc-euy exacted by our Governme-nl froiii 
and would leave our interests Just where they 
wen* during most oi the ton v-ahn. during 
which the i n-iity now happily terminal--d, whs in 
force, and which worked bo advaijiagoously to 
the Canadas, and n injuriously to its. 
hV.'Y-/ i\xl, That we, a. farmer*, are entirely un¬ 
willing to bo traded off in anv treaty that Uns 
for l( h Object* the promotion of commercial or 
oilier interests at r-ur expense. Neither will 
the fmanolalcouili! ion of tin- country justify tho 
deducting from the notional revenues, the du- 
tie ' now paid on Hrliisli Colonial productions, 
nor aro our financial affairs, ns farmers, so pros¬ 
perous its to justify the building up of these 
Provinces into a great uud rich nation at our 
expense. 
Mr. Geddes supported the resolutions in 
a speech of much ability, and urged the 
importance of the Farmers’ Associations 
throughout the country acting vigorously 
and unitedly in opposition to reciprocity. 
He warmly commended tin remarks of the 
President on the importance of preserving 
the effectiveness of this Association. 
Mr. II. T, Brooks of Wyoming seconded 
Hie resolutions. He said he did it, however, 
not as a protectionist, ?>’>’ se, hut that such 
was the general system established, and that 
he could not hope to change it: and if any 
article whatever wus protected, it ought to 
tie wool. The facts stated in Ihe President’s 
address in regard to its cheap production in 
other countries, and the comparatively small 
expense of importation, clearly established 
this proposition. Free-trader as he was, he 
believed that the tariff had essentially bene- 
fltted tlm American wool grower, and Unit 
without it the depression of that, industry 
would havo been much more severe. If 
protection was to be preserved, he thought 
(lie renewal of the Reciprocity Treaty would 
be altogether inconsistent and inexpedient. 
Tho resolutions were further supported by 
D W. Pk.rcky, Wayne,, and B. Robinson, 
Seneca, and were unanimously adopted. 
TronMirer’s Report. 
Mr, A. F. Wilcox, tho Treasurer, made 
his annual report, by which it. appeared that 
the funds now in the treasury amounted to 
between three and four hundred dollars. 
Aumial Fair. 
Tho President stated that ho considered 
an annual fair a mattor of prime importance 
to the interests and effectiveness of the Asso¬ 
ciation, and ho asked an expression of the 
meeting on tho subject, for the direction of 
tho officers of Urn Association who are to be 
this day elected. After some discussion tho 
meeting decided by a large vole in favor of 
requesting 1 lie officers to hold a Fair should it 
be found practicable. 
On motion of Major Davis Cossltt of 
Onondaga, the following gentlemen were ap¬ 
pointed a committee to nominate officers of 
the Association for I he ensuing year:—Davis 
Cosaitt, Charles Charnplin, Wni. f{. Pitts, 
Lionel Sherwood, A. F. Wilcox, D. W Beck¬ 
with, Win. T. Renter, Charles Taylor, Hugh 
T. Brooks. The Committee reported for of¬ 
ficers the names of the following gentlemen: 
President —Henry s. Kanmaj.i, of Cortland. 
I'trr-Prmfrfvnts Wm.t.’hainheijatu, Red Hook; 
I>. W. Percoy, North tlooslclc; John D. Win#, 
Washington; wm.lt. l’itls, Honeoye; Kratikllu 
.1. Marshall, Wheeler; E. E Brown, Now Hope; 
Wm. M. Holmes, Greenwich, Alien It. Avery, 
Manlius. 
Cor. See. — E. B. Pol l in of Naples. 
U<xordin(i Sw. -H. D. L. Sweet, of Syracuse. 
Trutotirc.r A. F. Wilcox of Tkyottuvilki. 
Executive v'nmmltte.r— DuvIk Cossitt of Onon- 
; Win. Hayden, Auburn; J. V. Baker, Jr., 
Coiiixtoelc s LanilRiff; PotarJiloMilhin.Ctunmdal- 
ffua l Lionel Hhorwooff, Newark; (Jbarles I'hamp 
lin, Haimnondsnort.; IVm. T Rom or, Penn Van; 
John StobblnMAi/.enovhi: Hugh T. Brooks, Pearl 
Creek: A#a Pellett, Norwich; Frauds H, Hib¬ 
bard, Cortland Village; Elbert Townsend, Gou- 
esjoe; John H- Page, Bennett; S. Newell Frank¬ 
lin, King's Ferry; I. N. Johnson, Sont-vu; D. W. 
Beckwith, Washington Co. 
Mr. Geddes moved that, the report lie ac¬ 
cepted and adopted. Carried unainmouKly. 
The question of tlm Fair was again taken 
up, and it. was stated on tho part ol the new 
board of officers, that early steps would be 
-taken to ascertain the feasibility of holding 
a Fair successfully, and if* it was ascertained 
that it could be done the proper steps would 
be taken therefor. 
TIih Tariff. 
Mr. Percev, Wayne, offered the following 
resolution, which, after some remarks, was 
unanimously adopted ; 
Resolved, That, this Association la opposed to 
any red notion lii the tariff on wool by treaty or 
otherwise. 
On motion of C. B. Tuorne of Skane- 
atelos, tlm President was, by a unanimous 
vote, requested to furnish a copy of his 
address for publication. 
The subject of annual membership was 
next taken up, and it was decided to restore 
the former system, that is requiring all mem¬ 
bers but life members to pay one dollar 
anually. In answer to a question, the treas- 
rer slated that the payment of ten dollars 
constituted a life member. 
Air. Fi. Munson of Tyre, offered a resolu¬ 
tion that a committee, consisting of the 
President and four persons appointed by 
him, do establish a scale of points to guide 
the viewing committees of the Society in 
awarding premiums on sheep. 
Mr. Geddes submitted some interesting 
statements concerning the experience of thu 
State Agricultural Society in establishing 
such a scale of points. He said it had been 
carried out but in a few instances. It was 
not very practicable. It was loss practicable 
in the case of jtfieep than cattle. He was 
opposed to the resolution, 
Mr. Munson spoke in its support, urging 
the necessity of having a fixed and definite 
standard for judging animals, instead of 
leaving it to the discordant view? of individ¬ 
uals, oftentimes possessing little knowledge 
of the subject. He commented with some 
severity on the looseness and want of uni¬ 
formity which characterised the awards 
made at agricultural fairs. 
Mr. Geddes replied that committees would 
differ as much in deciding how the scale of 
points should be applied as they now differed 
in judging the animal as a whole. 
Its mover assenting, the resolution was re¬ 
ferred to the officers of tlie Association. 
The Secretary of the Association Buggered 
the propriety of exhibiting wool as well as 
sheep at fairs, bo that farmers who cannot, 
bring their sheep may bring their fleeces. 
This proposition was favored by several 
speakers. Some gentlemen proposed that a 
department for cloths and other woolen 
fabrics be also established at the Fairs. The 
President said that both propositions were 
entitled to the attention ot' tlie officers of the 
Association and would receive it. 
Mr Brooks of Wyoming, suggested that 
for the purpose of' making the holding of a 
Fair more feasible, a considerable reduction 
m tho largo premiums heretofore offered 
might, be properly made, and bn recom¬ 
mended that, course. Various gentlemen 
took the same ground, claiming that what 
exhibitors sought was a public recognition 
of the merits of their animals not money. 
Referred to tho officers of the Association. 
Mr. Kmoeraiv of Onondaga, proposed that 
the Association make a wool-scouring test. 
Mr. Geddes replied that this had always 
been done. Mr Kingsley wished it to be 
done on a more extensive scale. The Secre¬ 
tary replied that if lie (Mr K.) had had the 
figures to make he would probably think the 
previous tests sufficiently extensive. He 
submitted some curious details respecting 
the necessary computations, 
The President, remarked that a portion of 
the Rcouring tests, made outside of tlm Asso¬ 
ciation, for Individuals, were very unreliable, 
and their publication as authentic tests had 
misled tho public He said that small 
woolen mills, doing custom work, and the 
larger establishments, which manufactured a 
good class of woolens for sale, usually 
scoured wool differently—the former less 
thoroughly than tho latter; that the standard 
of tho Association was the degree of scour¬ 
ing adopted by mills making line cloths, and 
that it would be better for all, who intended 
to publish results, to send their wools to such 
mills to be scoured 
Borne other questions were adverted to, 
after which the meeting adjourned. 
As already said, the attendance was large. 
No previous winter meeting of the Associa¬ 
tion has ever contained representatives from 
as many Counties, or evinced more enthusi¬ 
asm. There was not a desponding face in 
the well-tilled hall. This is good proof of 
the pluck of our sheep men, and a. good 
augury for the future of the wool interest. 
WOOL AND WOOLENS AT THE 
PARIS EXPOSITION. 
We are in receipt of the report on wool and 
woolens at the Paris Universal Exposition, 
1807, by E. R. Muuge, U. S Commissioner, 
assisted by John L. Hayes, Secretary of the 
National Association of Wool Manufactu¬ 
rers. Mr. Mt. iKtK is a gentleman of ability, 
and bus had a very extensive experience 
connected with wool manufactures. Mr. 
H ayes, to whom t he literary exeeui Um of the 
Report was entrusted, always writes grace¬ 
fully and well. We gave ait important ex¬ 
tract from the paper last week iu regard to 
the use of shoddy in England. We in¬ 
tend from time to lime to make further 
quotations iu regard to facte of interest— 
premising, however, that we do not concur 
iu all the conclusions of the Commissioner, 
®V©H when W 6 expo no -li ;:» nt ’I he fol¬ 
lowing are paragraphs from tlie report; 
ClotliiUH WiioIm. 
To return to the wools displayed in the 
great warehouses of Europe, and exhibited 
at the Exposition. The Americ an manufac¬ 
turer is struck by tho variety of wools, not 
produced abundantly here, and first with the 
Silesian and Saxony clothing wools of Ger¬ 
many, the lim es small and tlie fiber exceed¬ 
ingly fine, and marked by the distinctness 
and number of its curves or wrinkles; the 
staple very short, tlie wools distinguished for 
their felting qualities, both tire fineness and 
shortness of staple being essential qualities 
for the fine broadcloths and doeskins, for 
which the German manufacturers are so dis¬ 
tinguished. These wools have the highest 
price, of any grown. 
The wools of Prussia of this charac ter 
were very remarkable, and among those ex¬ 
hibited by Mr. DopptNOof Silesia, are worthy 
of especial mention for their shortness anil 
the distinctness of ihe curves, which were 
so sharply defined as to give the impression 
that they had been artificially crimped. Next 
to these, and .scarcely interior, are some of 
the Australian wools, Which were distin¬ 
guished tor the same qualities of fineness of 
fiber and shortness of staple, and equally ob¬ 
servable tor their admirable condition, evinc¬ 
ing tho care with which they are washed and 
put up. These wools were exhibited in such 
quantities as to give one the impression of 
passing through tins warehouses of London. 
Next, in quality are the Cape wools. Last 
among the fine clothing wools in quality and 
price are those of Buenos Ayres. 
The German aqd Australian wools exhibit 
the highest existing type of the product of 
the Merino race. In their culture weight of 
fleece is never sought for. Tlie efforts of the 
grower are devoted .solely to producing fine¬ 
ness of fiber and shortness of staple. With¬ 
out. the command of wool of this character 
for tilling it is hopeless to attempt the manu¬ 
facture of the best face goods, such as broad¬ 
cloths and doeskins. Our foreign importa¬ 
tion of German cloths is mainly confined to 
the black broadcloths, eassi lucres and doe¬ 
skins made from those wools. There is no 
difficulty iu commanding the skill required 
for this manufacture, is evinced by the 
goods exhibited hy Mr. Slater of Rhode 
Island. All the difficulties of manufacture 
can be surmounted hy the Importation of 
German workmen. Several hundred sets of 
machinery could be occupied here in the 
manufacture of these gooes, demanded for 
home consumpt ion. Tlie warps, which Could 
be made of such American fleece as is now 
grown here, would take up two-fifths of the 
wool required for this manufacture. Tlm 
would be so much added to the demand tor 
this character of woo). The relief afforded 
to tlm manufacturer, by being able to vary 
his fabrics, would diminish the competition 
among those compelled to manufacture only 
one stylo of goods, and, giving more profits 
to the manipulator of the wool, would secure 
better prices to tlie wool grower 
The great problem to be solved in tho 
clothing-wool industry in tins country is how 
these wool* shall he secured. The wool 
growers assert that they t an be grown in 
this country, and this is by all means the 
most desirable source from which they could 
lie obtained. The success in certain districts 
in Tennessee, Pennsylvania and Virginia, in 
former times, is an assurance that they eau 
be grown The present- supply is altogether 
insufficient for any progress in the fine cloth 
manufacture. It is gratifying to learn that 
importations are being made of the best Sile¬ 
sian stock. It is tho duty of the manufac¬ 
turer to encourage these efforts by discrim¬ 
inating in his prices for the finest wools. 
* # * * * 
Amni-irnn Cluiliinu; Wools, 
It should he clearly understood that the 
wools above referred to are desirable as an 
addition to, and not as a substitution for, the 
great, bulk of the present American fleeces. 
I’he annual production ol wool in the Trued 
Stales was estimated, hi tHfifi, nt. Do,0u0,000 
pounds; and it in estimated that tins consti¬ 
tutes about, seventy per cent, of the wool 
manufactured in 111 i- country — tins wool 
being the product of 30,000,000 sheep, con¬ 
suming 30,000,000 bushels of corn. Our 
domestic fleece is therefore the chief source 
of our supply This wool is m anly of a 
medium quality, and is produced from grades 
of the Merino rac«. With the increasing 
growth of the. country ihe demand for lets 
wool should proportionally increase Its 
great value for the purposes for which it. is 
generally used is shown in the excellence ol 
our peculiar American fabrics, to be here¬ 
after referred to. There i reason to believe 
that the yield of scoured wool, of a medium 
character, from sheep of the race now recog¬ 
nised as the American Merino, winch has 
originated in Vermont, is greater than has 
boon obtained from sheep of the Merino 
blood in any country except those of France. 
Manufacturers are apt to complain of the 
greasy character of this wool —a complaint 
too well founded with respect to wool pro¬ 
duced from show sheep; sufficient develop¬ 
ment of yolk is, however-, essential lo the 
greatest yield iu wool ft is for the interest, 
of the manufacturer and of the country that 
the ayHtem «*f culture should be pursued by 
the wool grower which shall produce the 
greatest amount, of clean wool with the 
greatest economy to the wool grower. The 
wool growers, through their’associations, 
which are now being extensively formed 
and conducted with an intelligence displayed 
in no other department of agriculture, will 
determine how far tbia production ot yolk 
can be carried with ultimate profit,‘and 
whether the evil of excessive yolk, if it is 
one, may not be corrected by the infusion of 
blood of another stock. A very interesting 
and instructive fact iu favor of the American 
Merino has been stated, while thin paper 
was being prepared, by Mr. Bowes, the 
eminenl wool dealer of Liverpool, viz.; 
“ That Vermont bucks are now being select¬ 
ed to give body and quality to the, degene¬ 
rated wools of New Zealand.” 
WOOL IMPORTS AT BOSTON. 
For the following 1 minute nucl valuable stutis 
ties of Boston wnoj imports In Ihfirl, we urt 
Indebted to Tiro MAS Or. Rick, K.;q., the Unltec 
States Appraiser iu tho Boston Custom House; 
England, no’d 
Bale*. Cl-ift*. 
SficA.Wo 
WO&lOPo 
lOuXllVc 
fic 
J>e 
Wnlitht. 
251 
5W.OT 
9,021 
717 
33,532 
71,758 
$10,921 78 
Canada. 
»5 
4,875 
2 
2 
12c&10’Jo 
iOc&u^c 
10,307 
941,204 
Ur. Vns'lJB In 
Africa.1,307 
t 
lOc&lttfO 
951.031 
023,214 
260,015 51 
77,605 41 
Australia... 
. 33 
1 
lOe&llVe 
16,938 
3,302 63 
East Indies. 
. 230 
. 103 
3 
0 
fic&KWo 
Oc&lOVo 
103,208 
10,308 
110,630 
22,848 S3 
ragp 1 . 
. 52 
2 
3 
3 
6c 
#c 
29,223 
1,104 
30.320 
0,638 40 
Marseilles.. 
. 171 
3 
8o 
87,230 
4,507 00 
ISeyrout. 
430 
20(1 
3 
8 
6c 
So 
104,020 
298.695 
402,715 
45,918 09 
Smyrna. 
II 
. 31 
.1.310 
•2.720 
1 
3 
3 
10c&lltyo 
tic 
3c 
13,099 
1.230,983 
1,272,419 
2,517,1(0 
277,050 97 
Montevideo 233 
8 
Sc 
201,218 
18,340 (X) 
B'nos Ayres. 1,107 
“ an 
“ 3 
3 
3 
2 
3c 
3e 
lOc&IHRc 
1,000,561 
803,600 
2,184 
1,871,321 
214,493 73 
Rio Grande. 
. 385 
3 
3c 
171,188 
21,774 00 
Valparaiso.. 
.2,020 
3 
So 
1.020.713 
119,324 45 
Russia. 
415 
3 
6c 
177.707 
38.875 58 
8,223,734 
H U29.087 92 
Recapitulation. 
.. Weiaht. 
1st. emss clothing, costing over32«. 
e »>, sc aired. 251 
1st class clothing, costing lose than 
32c. * m, scoured. G50 513 
2d class combing, costing over 33c. 
Hi. . 41 S06 
3d class combing, costing less than 
.12c. i? lb.. jJSgllll 
3d class carpet, costing over I'.v. 
ty .. G HJO 
3(1 class carpet, costing less than" 
1*C. e »>. 1.130,033 
1.130,003 112,370 
8.223,731 HXI.WV 
