arm Economy. 
SALT AS A FERTILIZER. needed liis attention, that paid a dividend. 
- Before you buy, see that you improve wliat 
The pages of the Rural have repeatedly y 0U have to tiio best possible advantage; 
ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES. 
BY E. VV. STEWART. 
Oyster Shells—How Turned to Lime. 
W. A. M. of Mass., wants to know the best 
way of converting these shells into lime, and 
about the use of water in burning. If the 
shells are moistened, the vapor of this water 
will facilitate the escape of carbonic acid, 
and thus shorten the process of burning; 
that is the object of wetting the shells. If 
these shells arc to be burned on a large 
scale, then a regular kiln should be built; 
but for the farmer’s own use he need go to 
no such expense. Let him dig a trench into 
a side kill, say four feet wide, and ten to 
twenty feet long, according to the quantity 
spoken of the advantages of using sail as a that what you already own will not suffer 
fertilizer for nearly every variety of fruit from neglect from increased possessions, 
crop. Its use as destructive of fungoid Rolling Prairie, Whs. L. L. Fairchild. 
growths, and therefore a preventive of blight 
in the pear, has been freely touched upon, A HOu GALLOWS, 
and we know of many ^ebmds Mr Fft — f Clarke County, 
Whose immunity from blight is by their own- Qh m thc aoc0 mpanving diagram 
era entirely attributable to its use. anfl deBC1 ,; tidI1 of w hat he terms 
Landscape gardeners of late have used it 1 ^ 
pretty freely because of the vigorous green W c \w 
to thc grass from the niter, and also because Jfc o /jfc 
of the additional absorption of moisture that ’ 1 V . m\ 
Its use brings to the ground, and hence im- a 1/ j/il \ 
tnunity from drouth during summer. if A \ E i/ii xi 
The use of salt aud plaster sown in con- Jj \ S \\ 
junction, forms a certain chloride of sodium _/ I—- A- 
of ready solution and absorption by vegeta- a co .vexiemt iioo gallows. 
tion, and, to a certain extent, may be consul- Here is a convenient hog gallows, which 
ered in vegetable life much as thc use of al- may be placed where it is most convenient 
coholic stimulus is to animal life, whether by to hang your hogs when butchering. When 
means of lager, native wine, or whisky to not in use it can be folded up and stored away 
man. or corn and oats to the horse; and al- for next time. A, A, A, scantlings two by 
to burn ; put in the bottom a tew stones on coholic stimulus is to annual lile, whether uy 
which to place a layer of wood, then a layer means of lager, native wine, or whisky to 
of shells one foot thick,and so alternately a man, or corn and oat- to the horse; and al- 
layer of wood and shells to fill the trench, though not a bating support, yet one that 
and on top cover with sods or clay, leaving enables the plant for the time to resist, the. 
a small vent at the opposite end for smoke, checks of heat and drouth, or the agency 
■ . A 1. il. A . 1' i* * -1 n«! >1 4 fnn litT .rttl I1.K !(□ 
POULTRY AT COUNTY FAIRS. 
a//:, p\ 
Not the least grievance to a fancier is the 
treatment he usually receives at County Ag¬ 
ricultural Fairs. A short and imperfect list 
of fowls for which premiums are offered, and 
a short and imperfect manner of awarding 
them. We will take, for instance, t wo coun¬ 
ties that have come within our personal ob¬ 
servation the past season — Queens and 
Westchester. 
In one of these the poultry was out in the 
ca tu-al egg. Ten years ago, such might have 
needed a coat of white paint to placate 
1-/ 1 * Biddy and excite her to good works; but 
__ since the doctrine of “ no distinction on ae- 
count of race, color, or previous condition ” 
Y FAIRS. ]ms becu established in the public mind, 
„ fww i« the loyal hens seem to sympathize therewith, 
at County Ag- a “ (1 Ia i r 10 the barker colored nest eggs with 
l imperfect list P alriot zeal — provided always, of course, 
are offered, and they arc furnished with food of proper 
cr of awardin' 1- amount and variety. vr. b. p. 
_ «_ 1 Prattsburgh, N. Y. 
POULTRY BREEDING. 
A notion prevails that poultry cannot be 
bred with profit except on farms, and then 
A CONVENIENT llOO O A I,LOWS. 
■ is ft convenient hog gallows, which 
open air,—not the least protection, and as only when bred in large quantities. This is 
there were two days rain the coops were a most mistaken idea; for a few fowls will 
partly filled with water, and a more woe- yfeld proportionately as much profit as any 
begone, bedraggled looking lot of fowls were larger number. Whereas in large estab- 
scldom seen. Notone breeder in a thousand laments heavy expenses are incurred for 
would be willing to send bis fowls there buildings, rent, labor, &c M those charges do 
to hang your hogs wheu butchering. When aL , a - m But this is not the only one of his an- uol occur with the amateur breeder who 
not in use itcan be folded up aud stored away n0 y ancc g. The fowls arc classified by the attends to his own poultry personally. It is 
for next time. A, A, A, scantlings two by colran ittee of arrangements—i. e., they are true that large establishments can purchase 
four inches and eight feet long. B, cross p Ut box upon box, belter skelter—ducks, their food cheaper, and grow their own veg- 
picce one and one fourth by three inches, g eeae> turkeys, chickens, indiscriminately; eta hies; hut this is compensated for to the 
two feet long — very tough timber — slide tben tbe judges are appointed, or rather amateur, who obtains a better price for liis 
in through the holes in the scantling pj cko q U p—worthy men, no doubt willing C gga and poultry, even if used for his own 
made lor thc purpose fifteen Inches from to cb) t peir duty to the best of their ability; consumption, than the larger breeder, who is 
the upper end. E, bolt of sufficient length but wbat do they know about, chickens? obliged to sell his produce through a sales- 
to allow the triangle to fold or spread at about tbe distinguishing points of the differ- man at wholesale prices. But, after all, pro 
bottom. D. pole long enough to bold all the e m breeds? Absolutely nothing. Or it may an d con, poultry is like some other stock ; 
hogs you Irish to hang at one time. It your bc ag oue 0 f the above fairs, that there is there is more in its management than aught 
pole is not of sufficient strength place a sup- on ’ e 0 f them who knows, (or thinks be does,) e ] rfe . Wm. H. Hawkins. 
port (E,) or two as may be necessary. No ab about j t J3ut wh%i we sec a first premi- --•*-*-*- 
patent. __ umfoi BuffCochins.awardedtoatrloof fowls j^KING POULTRY PROFITABLE. 
Fire the wood, and in twenty-four hours the , 
shells will be burned to lime, and the clay 
will retain the organic matter and be turned 
also into a good manure. We have tried 
this method, and know it to be effectual. 
DiqNolvins? Bones. 
8. of Chautauqua Co., N. Y., asks whether 
it is more econonucal to couvert bones into 
manure with sulphuric acid, at home, than 
to purchase the super phosphate; and, if so, 
how to do it. The whole process was mi¬ 
nutely given in the last volume of the 
Rural ; but for the benefit of thousands of 
new readers we repeat it. When the farmer 
manufactures liis own super-phosphate lie 
has the satisfaction of knowing that he is 
y iiot purchasing plaster or refuse lime at filly 
dollars per ton. It takes mom acid to dis¬ 
solve coarse than fine bone. Fine black or 
the refuse in making black, is generally used 
to make super-phosphate. This costs from 
ten to twenty dollars per ton, according to 
distance from market. Sulphuric acid may 
be purchased at from three to four cents per 
pound, and at these prices the materials will 
cost from twenty-five to forty dollars per ton. 
Take a large linseed oil cask, saw it into two 
parts at tlm bung. Place these two casks 
under a sited,or in some convenient place 
for working; put fifteen gallons of water 
into each, then pour into each tub a ball- 
carboy of sulphuric acid (seventy to eighty 
pounds) and stir it with the water a few min¬ 
utes; it will cause much heat and efferves¬ 
cence; then stir into each tub, while the 
be at is up, one hundred and forty to one 
hundred and fifty pounds (three bushels,) of 
fine black, which must bo well stirred, and 
when it becomes too stiff to work easily, a 
little water may be added, gradually, till the 
bone is all in and well mixed ; then cover 
the tubs ami let them stand overnight, when 
it may be turned out upon the floor and left, 
to dry. 
If the bones are coarsely ground or broken 
with a hammer, then put into the tub live 
times as much water as acid, fill with bones 
and cover up, let them remain several days, 
stirring well every day, then pour off into 
another tub the acid liquor, when the line 
bone may be separated from the coarse and 
the coarse put back into the acid liquor with 
a little frcsli acid added. The tub should be 
covered as much us possible from the air so 
as not to weaken the acid. 
Reducing Bones with Lye. 
When ashes are easily obtained coarse 
bones may be reduced to fine by boiling in 
lye; and this maybe done quite rapidly with 
a large kettle. The lye from a bushel of 
ashes will dissolve from fifteen to twenty 
pounds of bone. .This makes au excellent 
manure for most crops, as it contains all the 
qualities of the bones with potash added. 
The bone itself is not so soluble as when dis¬ 
solved in acid, but is better than ground bone. 
Tnleachcd Ashe*. 
A Learner asks how, when and how much 
unleached ashes may bo applied to winter 
wheat wlfile growing'. They may be applied 
any time during winter or early spring, at 
of fungoid atmospheric matter affecting its 
life-hearing principle. 
It may be that in so receiving the use of 
salt as applied to plant life, we shall be ac¬ 
cused of a desire to create inebriety in the 
pear and grape; but we arc willing to take 
the odium provided our readers use the salt 
and obtain satisfactory results. The winter 
months are the best for applying salt, and it 
may be sown broadcast at this time to ad¬ 
vantage, us follows;—On Sandy soils that 
have bad no animal manure, say at the rate 
of lour bushels to the acre; on the same 
character of soils that have been, during the 
past, one or two years, heavily dressed with 
animal manures, at the rate of eight bushels 
four inches and eight feet long. B, cross p Ut box T1 p 0n box, belter skelter—ducks, 
piece one and one fourth by threw inches, g eesGi turkeys, chickens, indiscriminately; 
two feet long —very tough limber —slide tben tbe judges are appointed, or rather 
port (E,) or two as may be necessary. No ab about it jlut wh*t we sec a first premi- --- 
patent.____ um for Buff Cocliins,awarded to a trio of fowls MAKING POULTRY PROFITABLE. 
ttvkp ao a PRFqFRVER (labeled Buff Portugese,) with lose combs, 
LIME AS A BK .ESEK.VEJt- legs perfectly bare of feathers, sickle feathers The place to which your chickens retire 
Air slaked lime has been frequently recoin- in the tail, straw-colored saddle feathers, &e.; ought to have a dry floor, and be kept «ru- 
mended as a preserver for vegetables when also a first premium for Cayuga ducks given pulously clean; and as the floor is the coldest 
UIVlUl ^ - - •£» ' 
instances suffice, though we could point to a inch, putting the hen into and covering the 
dozen. Now, we leave it, to any candid top of the vessel for about twenty-four hours, 
reader, what are we to think? Who dis- The vessel should be deep enough to allow 
plays the most ignorance, the exhibitor who the fowl to stand up. This is the best remedy 
names his fowls wrongly, or the judge who we have ever tried. Earth-worms are greatly 
awards them a premium to which they are relished by confined fowls. Take a spade 
to the acre; on heavy, poor, unmanured clay bins, and he thought delicate fall varieties bred Cayugas, with not a white feather in the roost. Setting liens can be cured by 
soils a dressing of fourteen bushels to the could thus lie kept much beyond their season, them. We will cite no further; these two ting water in a vessel, to the depth of 
acre will not be too much; while on clay The lime dust could be easily removed from instaucee suffice, though we could point to a inch, putting the hen into and covering 
loams that have been occasionally dressed p je apples by using a cloth or brush, and it dozen. Now, we leave it to any candid top of the vessel for about twenty-four hr 
with animal manures, four bushels to the imparted no flavor to the fruit. The use of reader, what are we to think? ’A ho dis- The vessel should be deep enough to a 
aero will produce just as good results as lime in the Cellar, as a preservative agent is plays the most ignorance, the exhibitor who the fowl to stand up. I liis is the heal mi 
double thc quantity. In all these uses, the a good idea. It nets by absorbing moisture, names bis fowls wrongly, cr tlie judge who we have ever tried. Eartli-worms are grt 
addition of one bushel of gypsum (plaster) to and if one Individual in the mass decays, the awardB them a premium to which they are relished by confined lowls. lakes s| 
four of salt will be found practically to add arrests the spread of the disease to not entitled? once a day !IIU ' turn ovc ‘ r lae S r ° urK 
from two to four hundred percent, to the others, it Is well to hint to our readers that it ia a perfect farce, the manner in which your Inns. They will soon run aflei 
value of the salt, as applied above. cellars should be overhauled at this season, tbe8e things arc conducted. No respectable when they see you with the spude, and 
- and all decaying matter removed; the breeder likes to exhibit, for he knows full amply reward you for the extra troub 
HARNESS TUGS —WEAR PLATE, “sweating” stage with stored vegetables is well thut the chances are two to one that accommodate them, by an increased su 
- ' over, and specimens most prone to rot have fi0me coo] , 0 f dung-hills will tfd;c first, pre- of eggs. — < anuria Parmer. 
The most important parts of a harness are develope d disease. Sort them out, sprinkle mlum ovcr i,j 9 pure bred fowls, because they — *'* . eav th0 
the traces or tugs, which are. also, the parts bllie OJ1 q,,. rc . ma j u dci, and purify your may hnve m \ feat her,; in their tails Where is ^ ( ; f ^ 8 “ )B „ ond down \ H >VI 
that are first worn out. At the front, where pri.hu. from dangerous auxiliaries of disease. j-etaedy? It is within the reach of every and tHeir masons have the appearance ot i 
not entitled? 
itleel? once tt d»y ant I turn ovt ' r l ^ e I° r 
a perfect farce, the manner in which your hens. They will soon run after you 
i t am nAA iryvii nM ill ill /• tlllil Will 
these things arc conducted. No respectable 
breeder likes to exhibit, for he knows lull 
well that the chances are two to oue that 
when they see you with the spade, and will 
amply reward you for the extra trouble to 
accommodate them, by an increased supply 
of eggs. — Canada Farmer. 
the traces or tligs, which are, also, the parts 
that are first worn out. At the front, where 
the buckle tongue passes through thorn, 
when hcavj loads are drawn, the tugs are 
bent nearly at right angles, straining the 
leather composing the tugs at one side to its 
utmost capacity, and tightly compressing it 
at the joint opposite. 
Various farm operations necessitate th® 
use of tugs of various lengths; consequently 
when they are lengthened or shortened, that 
portion alluded to, already hard and brittle 
by us® and unequal straining of its sides, is 
made to assume a straight or original form, 
which cracks and destroys them after a few 
similar operations. 
ACCOUNTS WITH THE FARM. one Q \- more prominence. Take some little 
pains to get into tlie membership of the 
There Is no farmer who has tried the Mgodati(m g , Mltll . mcn w ho have a fancy for 
practice of keeping accurate accounts with 8tot . k ' <• what is needed is a harmon- 
his farm, who has not been benefited there- . of UJ( . a „ a „ understanding us to what 
by. By carefully entering in the account ^^putes merit, the adoption of a standard 
book every item of income and expenditure exce]leuce un q encouragement of the l'an- 
tlie farmer not only enables himself to see at ^ ^ with me «ns, perchance, and tastes, 
all times ins financial condition, but the . g t - aorant 0 i' qualities and thorough- 
practice fosters an economy and regularity bred b j r j s w hat they are, where procurable, 
which must necessarily be attended with the ^ how ’ Q breed and improve their stock 
happiest results. when secured. 
In view of the obvious advantages ot the . o„hir-et is nritated and 
nuum uvui - . Pttck | nK — ’English writer say the sys- 
may have ted feat hvv& m uwu ^ i - tom of p»ckin^ small ond down is wrong • 
the remedy t It within tlie roach of cveiy an( t their reasons have the appearance Of right, 
county society Make the subject of poultry We quote: —“ Moat persons trill have observed 
one of more prominenec. Take some little that when an eg* is boiled the vacuum is at the 
one ot mote 1 unni i ... f largo end of tlie egg, and that it is more or less 
pains to get into the membership oi me exteiudvo &co orxUng to the age of the egg. Now, 
association gentlemen who have a fancy lor this the r , u . t G f the egg where the shell is most 
4 iieh stock “ What is needed is a hannon- porous, and where the atr Is admitted most 
i 7 in.r Of ideas an understanding as to what freely. This air chumt>er Ja of the utmost lm- 
izmg ot HU as, ai portanco to the chicken while hutching, as it 
constitutes merit, the adoption ot a bt.UKi< u to equalize the supply of the necessary 
of excellence and encouragement ol the fan- [dr under the variations of the outer tempera- 
cier who with means, perchance, and tastes, turo: and it will be f®und that the chamber en¬ 
tente his financial concUtSon, out me firnorant of QUivlitieB and thorough- largea as tho hatching prooaeds; therefore when 
ic« M. .11 economy mKlr^utoUy ^ ^ what tUl , y wb<-r e procurable. £ 
h must neeessatilv be attended a and bow to breed and improve their stock sbt ,jj. consequently, for the air to penetrate the 
when secured. 
The more the subject is agitated and 
,, . P Ut Ail WAX- ' J - U 
practice, we earnestly urge every farmer to ^ ht w , u>ticc , )y responsible and princi- 
providc himself with a well bound book, ibentiemen, who act from proper mo- 
and commence to onrefrdly and accurately b , h the aU nighty dollar, (we 
WEAR PLATE FOR HARNESS TUOS. 
There ia a simple appliance, B, shown in 
thc accompanying sketch, which, when used 
prolongs the durability of a tug at this criti¬ 
cal point at least one luilf. 
It. is simply a piece of leather or a thin 
iron plate, a trifle narrower than the tug, 
with a hole cut therein for the reception of 
the buckle tongue, placed between buckle 
and tug as shown. When placed at other 
similar portions of a harness, where lie 
ttrain is considerable, the same beneficial ef¬ 
fect will result from its use. 
Barrington, Yates Co., N. Y. L. D. Snook. 
-4~L<*- 
BUY LAND ADJOINING. 
Most farmers have already more land 
than they work to the best advantage. 
More thorough and systematic culture of 
enter every item of receipt and expenditure 
connected with his farm operations, striking 
a balance at the end of each year. In con¬ 
nection Avith this farm account should be 
kept a journal of the farm, in which should 
be noted every event of the farm, such as the 
commencement of plowing, the time of plant¬ 
ing, cultivating and harvesting the several 
Crops; the time of planting trees, with their 
varieties, etc., etc.; a journal of the stock not 
being neglected. Give the practice a fair 
trial, and you will never abandon it.— South¬ 
ern Ruralist. 
uvea, and above the almighty dollar, (we 
do not mean without a proper regard to 
profit, which, of course, is expected,) the 
more good ay ill accrue to the Society and 
the public generally. We need such Interest 
as is shown in England — where a correct 
Standard of excellence is quoted, and gener¬ 
ally known ; and such a one ns shall cut oil 
the scores of unprincipled and inexperi¬ 
enced, and, in most instances, uninformed 
hucksters, who palm off inferior specimens 
of indifferent breeds of fowls as good and 
pure, to the injury of the reputation of the 
more reliable breeders. 
Further, we need a revision of tlie pre¬ 
mium list —an offer of prizes worthy an 
effort to obtain. This would bring out the 
eggs It would have to lift the weight of the 
fluid.” 
Tin: lltm and Buck ns Egg Producers.— A paper 
has been received by the Paris Academy of 
HoSence, from M. Cou.mi.le, mi the comparative 
value of the hen and duck as egg producers. 
Ids observations were limited to three hens and 
three ducks, all fine animals, hatched at the 
same time in the month of February. During 
th© following autumn the ducks laid two huu- 
dredand twenty-five egg ; they re-commenced 
laying in February, nod continued to do so un¬ 
til the middle or August. The hen* laid no eggs 
during the autumn, but began In January, and 
left oil about thc middle of August. The totals 
of each at the end of thut time were; —the 
liens, two hundred and fifty-seven eggs; the 
ducks, six hundred and seventeen. M. Co- 
maii.i r. next examined the nutritive valuo of 
each kind of egg, and found them nearly equal 
in that respect. 
any time during Avinter or early spring, at present, possessions Avill generally prove j n Franklin County who has a large orchard 
the rate of from ten to thirty bushels per more profitable than to buy additional acim his apples on a large scale in this way. 
acre, evenly over tlie surface. Fifteen bush- But if more land you must have, buy that corn never need to mould when a dry bouse 
mTT _^ TMO'O-Txrrt xtattott Further, we need a revision of the pre- The ovnrimu.-GEZELiN sayst-“ It bus been 
THhi DRYING LLUUbflJ. mium list —an offer of prizes worthy an ascertained that the ovarium of a fowl is com- 
" „ . , V t tr . n i)tain This AA'Ould brine - out the posed of six hundred ovulas or eggs; therefore 
Amono the conveniences of a large farm effort to obtain. - ° . tl hen, during the whole of her life, cannot pos- 
is a «-ood drATU' 1 ' house. Beans which are amateur fanciers and bieedeis, wi stbly la v more eggs than six hundred, which in a 
sometimes very difficult to cure, may be dried stock, into honorable competition; and poul- nlrtural course are distributed over nine years in 
teTfsw hours !n a splendid manner. So a try, now the least, would become oneotthe the portion:.^ ^ ^ 
fanner tells ns who has tried it A farmer most prominent matures of every oxln jltion. Sefl(BR , .. » . 100 ” 120 
in Franklin Couuty who has ft large orchard > •' ™rd “ “ . m-m 
acre, evenly over the surface. Fifteen bush- But if more land you must have, buy that 
els are a fair dressing. A lvroad-cast ma- which joins or is in close proximity to that 
chine for sowing them is best. Thc winter you already own. Better pay a large price 
season is a good time and snow will do no for that which is convenient of access, Iban 
harm, unless the surface is so steep as to to spend the time of voutsell, teams and 
wash badly in a thaw. Good unleacbed 
aslies are worth fifty cents per bushd to 
apply to most grain crops. 
Lcnched Ashes, 
arc also well applied in winter on a dry noil 
in quantity from llirce to six loads per acre, 
evenly spread. Leached ashes have the great¬ 
est effect upon a sandy soil, as they absorb 
ammonia and assist such a soil in holding 
volatile manures, but they are good upon any 
dry soil needing phosphates, lime, soluble 
silica, Ac. They are worth on many soils 
ten to twenty cents per bushel. 
•-- 
Noav is the proper time to secure next 
season’s supply of wood. 4 
help in going to and from that which is dis¬ 
tant. W« have known farmers buy land 
from one to eight miles away from their 
homestead, and spend their time running 
back and forth, to tlie neglect of ihnt which 
they had previously found profitable. Time 
is money, and do not waste it traveling 10 no 
purpose. Give seventy-five dollars per acre 
for land at hand rather than fifty for that, 
equally good, miles away. An acquaintance 
of ours once bought and carried on a farm 
eight miles away, as he declared, at a profit. 
But upon a careful analysis and computa¬ 
tion of the whole matter he concluded it 
had paid him no dividend. So he sold it 
and found a plenty of things at home, that 
is at hand, and the good housewife can have 
thc* nicest of dried pumpkin and dried 
herbs. Those aaJio have built hop houses 
need not tear them down, though hops have 
SNOW AND NEST EGGS. 
Same for Poultry. — You ask if any of 
your readers have tried the experiment ol 
ehing poultry snow instead of water. We 
answer affirmatively. We have taken care 
First year after birth. 15 to 30 
Second “ “ 100 ” 130 
Third “ “ 130 “ 135 
Fourth “ “ 100 “ 115 
Fifth “ “ 60 “ 80 
Sixth “ “ 50 “ 60 
Seventh “ “ 35 “ 40 
Eighth “ “ 15 “ 20 
Niuth “ “ 1 “ 1° 
need not tear them down, though hops nve 0 f poultry a quarter ot a century, and have p c ,,a*,ng Fowl*.— Never feed your fowls in 
no sale, for they will answer all the purposes neyer provided them with any other drink hasrtc throwing down the corn and running, 
required. For the rapid seasoning of short t[i , m c-.ow in winter, and never mistrusted AVatch tlie peculiarities of your flock. One fowl 
lumber it is excellent, so that on a large farm tb neede d any other. The chicks tuny starve while thoothertororatt«iing. Fowls 
it would seem tube . mostconveu.cn, «d- t , cn * h «,„Uy and hear.v 
ing. Such a building maj be made to an the summer season. Our hennery 0 f feed that they dislike should he forced upon 
it would seem to be a most convenient build¬ 
ing. Such a building may be made to an¬ 
swer a double use, as a receptacle for the 
small farming tools during that season of the 
year when the house is not. wanted for any 
other purpose.— Maine Farmer. 
-- — 
Best Rind of Grain Sowers.—J. It. Smith, 
Fayetteville, N. Y„ writes in reply to the in¬ 
quiries of P. F. A. in No. 1, t ol. AN., that he 
thinks a machine that will sow all grains, seeds 
and flue fertilizers much more desirable for the 
Middle, Eastern and Southern States than a sim¬ 
ple grain sowei’. 
The chicks may starve while the others are fattening. Fowls 
cmd hpovtv have their like* and dislikes as well as people, 
anu nearly arid thelr tuste 9 mast be studied. And no kind 
as in the summer season. Our hennery 0 f feed that they dislike should he forced upon 
door opens out, and lodges against it some- them, if you do, your fowls will suffer both in 
times, and interferes with the free opening; condition and plumage. 
times, and interferes with the tree opening ; 
so we keep an old shovel standing by with gnow for Fovv i s ,_t have about arty fowls and 
which to throw the snow inside, and they thty , iavc not j md HO eess to water since the 
hav’e no other drink, except during occa- ll( . avy 8I)f ,w came the first of December. They 
sional tliaws when they are permitted to all appear to be doing weft up to the present 
sionai uittns, j writing (Jan. 5,) and I am getting plenty ot fresh 
roam. pgg a daily. During the last three years my fowls 
For Xest Eggs that will not freeze, a hand- Uved entlre i v upon snow during the winter 
somely turned bass-wood imitation is as good m0 nths, with plenty of com for feed.-W. C. 
as any, though it is not as white as the nat- probasco, Ontario Co., N. Y. 
roam. 
