tain Ash, Cucumber Tree, Honey Maple, £ 
Honey Locust, Rock Elm. ' A 
Evergreens — Norway Spruce, "White (j 
Spruce, Austrian Pine, White Pine, Red 
Pine, Balsam of Fir, Arbor Vitae and Red V 
Cedar. J 
Arioricnltnrf 
EVERGREENS FROM SEED. 
In- answer to an inquiry how to grow ever¬ 
greens from seed, I would say that I have 
had considerable experience in growing 
forest trees of all kinds from seed, and will 
give my mode of growing the Norway 
Spruce, the only evergreen that I have 
grown from seed in this country. 
In the first, place, the soil ought to be made 
rich, with well-rotted manure, the ground 
dug over and well broken, and laid out in 
beds three to four feet, wide, with an alley 
one foot wide between each bed; then rake 
the beds with an iron rake,quite level, stand¬ 
ing in the alley while raking the bed; then 
sow tbe seed as even as .you can on one-half 
the bed, walking in the alley, and the other 
half from the next alley; take a riddle, same 
as used for riddling ashes, and cover the 
seed evenly, about one-half inch deep, from 
the alley, covering one-half the bed from 
each alley. I sow one pound of seed to 
twenty yards of a four foot bed. 
The sun in this country is too strong for 
the young plants when they come up, and 
they must be shaded; the birds will destroy 
all the young plants when coming up if not 
well watched. The young plants come up 
with the seed on their head, and the birds in 
taking the seed pull up the plant. Sow the 
seed the last of April or beginning of May. 
I cover my beds with thin muslin, raised 
about six inches above the bed, the edges 
fastened down to prevent the birds from 
taking the seed. I have not grown any 
from seed this ten years. T find it cheaper 
to import the two years’ old seedlings from 
Scotland ; at that age they are from t wo to 
four inches in height, and at four years old 
they are reckoned good plants, if Horn five 
to eight Inches, if transplanted at two years. 
If large quantities arc wanted it is cheaper 
to import; if small quantities—that is, a 
few thousand — get. some nurseryman to add 
to his order the amount j’ou want; if only 
a few hundred, get them of some nursery¬ 
man who has grown them two or three 
years. There is a great, risk in importing 
evergreens, but not so much as there was 
twenty-seven years since,when I began first 
to import. The Scotch fir 1 do not think 
worth the t rouble of importing ; some of our 
pines are more ornamental. Native ever¬ 
greens are collected by persons that make a 
business of it in the spring and sell at low 
prices to nurserymen, whose advertisements 
you will find in the Rural. Hemlock 
Spruce is a beautiful evergreen, and ought 
to be more planted. J. c. 
Troy, N. Y. 
THE RIBSTON PIPPIN APPLE 
Forest Culture in Illinois. — The Northern Illi¬ 
nois Horticultural Society recently adopted the 
following- preamble and resolutions: 
Whereas, The resources of pine and other val¬ 
uable timber in this country are rapidly ap¬ 
proaching an end, and 
Whereas* The wants of the increasing-popula¬ 
tion, their health, wealth and social happiness, 
a* well as the strength and permanency of our 
Government, demand that instead of a diminu¬ 
tion there should lie an increase of our forests 
by artificial plantations; and 
Whereas, Such is (ho character of the work, 
in the Jong- delay of a remunerative return to 
the planter that, in the opinion of this conven¬ 
tion, Government patronage is necessary; there¬ 
fore. bo it 
Resolvrd, That we adopt such measures as shall 
be most likely to Secure such aid from our State 
Government, us will have a tendency to inaugu¬ 
rate a general system of forest culture in this 
State. 
Resolved, That the General Assembly, now in 
session, be respectfully requested to pass a law 
to encourage the plan ting of forest trees, either 
by remitting the State taxes or by gi ving a pre¬ 
mium on plantations of useful forest trees. 
by i*. BAnnv. 
Tiie figure of this famous apple, given in 
the Rural of Feb. 27, page 180, must be 
an error. It more truly represents the 
“Minister,” an apple of peculiar oblong 
form. I inclose an outline which is the 
usual form of the Ribston Pippin, as will be 
at once acknowledged by those familiar 
with this fruit. 
The form is round, somewhat flattened, 
occasionally inclining to conical. 
I regard this variety as among the best in 
my collection. I have a tree some t wenty- 
five years old, which every alternate year 
yields a large crop of beautiful and excel 
lent apples, which keep well till mid-winter. 
The tree has the spreading habit of the R. I. 
Greening. East and North of this, it im¬ 
proves ; but South and W est is of less 
value. In the catalogue of the American 
Pomological Society it is recorded for Cana¬ 
da, Western Net\ York, Maine, and Ver¬ 
mont. 
A. J. Downing, in first describing this 
apple in his work, said that in Great Britain 
it stands as high as the Bank of England; 
and to say that an apple had a Ribston Pip- 
Apple Tree*, Distance In Pianiing.— Mr. Storr 
of Ohio recently urged that I roes should be 
planted a greater distance apart than had ob¬ 
tained the past twenty years, for trees of that 
age and older, set twenty-live and thirty feet 
apart, become interlocked In their branches, and 
the fruit deteriorated In quality. Discussion by 
the Ohio Pom. Soe. was held on this point, Mr. 
Elliott contending that It was advisable to 
plant young orchards thickly, even to within 
eight or ten feet of each other, and give to them 
care and cultivation as a single crop, and not, as 
is too often done, make the orchard subservient 
to a corn or potato crop. lie claimed that the 
fruit would more than pay for the trees, care, 
and culture, and leave a largo profit to their 
credit, as fast as it became necessary to cut out 
and make way for the wants of the main perma¬ 
nent. orchard. 
of Ibis variety in Thomas’ new edition he 
will see that author has evidently seen some 
of this fruit as grown in the West, and liis 
description is therefore somewhat changed 
from the old stereotype. 
Mr. Elliott writes us, 
however, that the figures 
and description given in the 
>. Rural, February 27, would 
\ not he sustained in the 
\ North and Northwest, but 
\ arc certainly u representa- 
\ tion of a true Ribston as 
j received by him from Ccn- 
| n al Illinois. He also adds 
/ that he has been conversant 
/ with the Minister apple, 
J having first met with it in 
/ fruit at Salem, Mass., in 
j 1815, w hen he wrote of and 
J figured it; and with the ex. 
/ ception of one or two years, 
/ has had of it yearly ever 
/ since. 
Wo are not sorry that the 
publication of the former 
figure has furnished us ex¬ 
cuse for publishing an outline of the fruit as 
grown in the North, affording a comparison 
of the prairie-grown fruit with the latter, 
and eliciting facts which ought properly to 
have been stated in the outset. 
GRAPES. 
Clinton, Elgingboro, 
Concord, Hartford Prolific, 
Crevellng, Adirondack, 
Delaware, Israella, 
Iona, Rebecca, 
Salem, Mottled. 
Homers’ No. 4, 0, 19 and 33, 
Allen's Hybrid, Diana, and Catawba for certain lo. 
culltles. 
CHERRIES. 
Black Eiicle, Coe’s Transparent, 
Belle d'Orl tains, ICIton, 
Black Tartarian, Sparhawk, 
Early Purple Butene, champagne, 
KnJBhCs Early Black, Red Jacket, 
Blifarreuu or Early Span- Ohio Beauty, 
Isn, Maydnkc, 
Great Bliiarreau, Blacklmwk. 
Rook port Blgarreau, Downer’s Late, 
Early Richmond, Late leike, 
Italnc Hortcnae, Donna Maria, 
Bolle Magnlllque, English MorulJo. 
PLUMS. 
Bradshaw. Blocker’s Gape. 
< -'a Guidon Drop, Dennison's Superb, 
Imperial Gaga, Lawrence’s Favorite, 
Grown Gage, Pond’s Seedling, 
Pruned’Agon, German Prune, 
Jefferson, Jaunc Unlive, 
Purple Favorite, English Damson, 
Lombard, Prince’s Yellow Gajro, 
FeJlciiborg, Smith's Orleans, 
> allow Egg, Roy, lie Halite, 
McLaughlin, Jufy Green Giil-o, 
Washington, Reil Mugmun fionum, 
Chapin's Early, Guthno’:, Late Green, 
Eagle s Gage, Monroe Gage. 
Dorrs Sopd ling, Howard favorite, 
Winter Damson, Victoria. 
Bcbcnectttdy Catherine, Rolm: t'l.iude dy Ravay. 
PEACHES. 
Brevonrl’s Morris, George ] v. 
Cole's Early Red. Early Vork (serrate), 
Crawford's Early, Largo Kurlv York, 
Crawford's Late, Oldmlxon, free, 
Grossc Mlgnonne, Oldmlxon, cling, 
Cor.lldgo's Favorite, Heath cling, 
Early Newington, Lu Grange, 
BtuOjp the World, Morris Whir®, 
Ward’s Lute, free. Troth’s Early, 
Jacques Rareripe, Busqiichanua. 
RASPBERRIES. 
Hudson River Antwerp, Belle do Palluau, 
orange t Unneldo’s), Ka I (staff, 
Franconia, KneveU's Giant, 
Clark, Vice-President French, 
Doolittle, Miami or Large Miami. 
Purple Cane, 
CURRANTS. 
Rod Dutch, White Dutch, 
May's Victoria. White Grape, 
La verssiilluise, Black Naples, 
Cherry, Black English. 
GOOSEBERRIES. 
Houghton’s Seedling, Mountain Seedling, 
Chester or A merieau Seed- Dow tang's Seedling. 
The Tea Plant in Tenn.— The tea plant is in 
successful cultivation some ten miles from 
Knoxville, on the farm of Capt. James Camp¬ 
bell, where It has been grown for about ten 
years. It. is said that East Tennessee tea drink¬ 
ers can easily raise their own tea with very littlo 
cost nrul trouble. The plant is a deep evergreen 
shrub, and grows about live feet high. It is 
hardy and needs no protection from frosts. It 
bears an abundant crop, with beautiful fragrant 
flowers in October. The following season ma¬ 
tures a seed, somewhat resembling the seed of 
our native hazel, and grows up readily. The 
vigor and hardiness of t his plant, and its adapta¬ 
tion to the cllmato, have been tested. The tea 
produced from the leaves of the plant very 
much resembles in flavor the tea from Young 
Hyson plants. 
Ribston Pippin—Outline. 
pin flavor, was the highest praise that could 
hcheslowod. I believe it maintains its high 
rank there to this day, for in Rivers’ Fruit 
Catalogue, last edition, it is in liis list of se¬ 
lect sorts, printed in italics. 
In Hugo’s Briiish Pomology the follow¬ 
ing statement is made regarding its history, 
which may be of sufficient interest to repro¬ 
duce in this connection: 
There is no apple which has ever been in¬ 
troduced to this country, or indigenous to it, 
which is more generally cultivated, more 
familiarly known, or held in higher popular 
estimation than the Ribston Pippin, li lias 
long been in existence in this country, but 
did not become generally known till the end 
of the last, century. It is not mentioned in 
any of t he editions of Miller’s Dictionary, 
or by any other author of that period; neither 
was it grown in the Brompton Park nursery 
in 1770. In 1785, T find it was grown to the 
extent, of a quarter of a row, or about twen¬ 
ty-five plants; and as this supply seems to 
have sufficed for three years’ demand, its 
merits must have been but little known. In 
1788, it. extended to one row, or about one 
hundred plants, and three years later to two 
rows; from 1791 it increased one row an¬ 
nually, till 1794, when It reached live rows. 
From these facts we may pretty well learn 
the rise and progress of its popularity. It, 
is now in the same nursery eullivalcd lo the 
extent of about twenty-five rows, or 2,500 
plants annually, The original tree was first 
discovered growing in the garden at Ribston 
Hall, near Kuuresborough, but how, when, 
or by what means it came there has not been 
satisfactorily ascertained. 
Rochester, N. Y„ 1809. 
Remarks. —The statement of a single fact,, 
which was inadvertently omitted in our re¬ 
marks on this variety accompanying the 
illustrations alluded to by Mr. Barry, will 
place this matter ill a different light, to wit: 
The figure of the Ribston, published Febru¬ 
ary 27, was furnished ns by F. It. Elliott* 
Cleveland, (>., who writes us that the fruit 
from which it was taken was grown in Cen¬ 
tral Illinois, and when first received by him 
he could not believe it true ; but on compar¬ 
ing its flesh and flavor with specimens grown 
near him in Northern Ohio, he was com¬ 
pelled to acknowledge it correct, and ac¬ 
cordingly figured it. 
Mr. Barry is doubtless aware of the en¬ 
tirely different character given to some of 
our fruit when grown in the rich soils of the 
West, as compared with that of those grown 
in Western New York, Canada. Mi hignn, 
Ac. By reference to Downing’s & Elli¬ 
ott's old fruit books the descriptions therein 
given would more fully meet Mr. Barry’s 
views; but if he will turn to the description 
Arboriculture in Nebraska. —The Legislature 
of Nebraska passed a law exempting from taxa¬ 
tion annually, for live years, one hundred dol¬ 
lars of the real property of each tax-pay eg who 
shall plant and cultivate one or more acres of 
forest trees, for each acre so planted and culti¬ 
vated— provided t he trees on said land shall not 
exceed twelve feet apart, ami shall bo kept in a 
healthy and growing condition; also $60of the 
real property of each man, for the same lime, 
for each acre cultivated In trees, as ahovc, whose 
distance apart shall not exceed thirty-three feet; 
the latter clause also applies to persons without 
real estate who have no homesteads under tho 
act. of Congress. We need not suy that we thi nk- 
this a wise law. 
NEW YORK FRUIT LIST. 
At a recent mooting of the Executive 
Board of tho New York State Agricultural 
Society a list of fruits, selected by those rec¬ 
ommended by the American Pomological 
Society, by Mr. Charles Downing, as es¬ 
pecially adapted for cultivation in this Stale, 
was presented for the consideration of the 
Executive Committee, whereupon it was 
Rrstilvetl, That the list be approved by the So¬ 
ciety without intending to express the opinion 
that it is exhaustive, or that there are no other 
varieties worthy of cultivation, 
Tho following is tho list: 
APPLES. 
Red Astracban, Tewksbury Blush. 
Early Harvest, Primate. 
Large Yellow Bough, Golden Sweet, 
Garret;son’s Early, Porter, 
Keswick Oodlin, <iraveiistein, 
Summer Queen, Gogswell. 
Autumn Strawberry, Baldwin, 
Duchess of Oldcnburgh, Bruudwe.il, 
Lowell or Orange, Dominie, 
Maiden's Blush, Mother, 
Pcacli Pond Sweet, Fain cure, 
WusiiingLoii Strawberry, Jonathan, 
Chenango Strawberry, Melon, 
Green Sweet. Wage nor, 
ItuhbardMon Nonsuch, Mel.elluu, 
King of ToiiipklnsOOUtity, It-uabu, 
Monmouth Pippin, Twenty Ounce, 
Nonbern Spy, White Pippin, 
Peck’s Pli .r 'lit, Cole's Quince, 
Canada Uchicttc, Red Canada, 
Rhode Island Greening, Ponitm; Gris, 
Golden Russet of N. York, Tall man Sweet, 
Westfield's Seek-no-fur- Haskell Sweet, 
liter, Hunt's Russet, 
E. opus Spltzotauirah, Wtnesap, 
Ainorl. an Golden Pippin, Boimta, 
Dutch Mignonnc, Benonl, 
Lady G Sweet, I ,nndon, 
Pumpkin Sweet (Ly- Water, 
man's), Cumplield, 
Evening Party, Re,i Basset, 
Richard's Graft, J-luvlbat. 
Sweet Poarmu'm, Willis's Sweet, 
Cornell Fancy, Walpole, 
Summer Pippin, Garden Royal, 
Grafton or Seavor Sweet, Munson Sweet, 
Ohio Nonpareil, Totginouth Pippin. 
Green and Yellow Newtown Pippins and Swaar and 
Roxbury Russet for certain localities, 
TEAKS. 
Blood good. 
Doyenne d'ete, 
Host lexer, 
Kirtlund, 
Tyson, 
Washington, 
Rutauu, 
Bout-re Bose, 
Beurre d’Anjou, 
Fulton, 
Howell, 
Hinkel, 
Seclcel. 
Onondaga, 
Beurre Gilfard, 
Doyenne Boussac, 
Urbanist e. 
Colt's lleiirre, 
Dana’s Hovey, 
Lawrence, 
Winter Nells, 
Church, 
Mo-riftm, 
Data; 
TJtmrre Moisa 
Dos X'our.cs, 
Sheldon. 
Edmunds. 
Enir.e Dumas, 
c: .dame Eliza, 
Vicar of Wingfield, 
Doyenne d’Hiyer d'Al- 
eneon. 
Beurre Gris d’Hiver 
(Nouveau). 
FAIR PREMIUMS. 
A Hint to tlie managers of Agricultural 
niiil Horticultural Societies, 
In the formation of all country as well as 
suburban home grounds, ornamental trees 
and shrubs form an important feature; and 
the more refined and cultivated the taste of 
the occupant the greater the number and 
variety of tree, shrub and flower in their 
grounds. I have been looking over many 
premium lists of societies, offered at their 
annual gatherings; and, while I find the 
practical largely cared for, with the excep¬ 
tion of a few premiums offered for collec¬ 
tions of cut flowers or bouquets, there is 
nothing offered toward bringing out an ex¬ 
hibit of tree, plant and shrub suited to the 
wants and grounds of tho common or well- 
to-do farmer or mechanic. There is noth¬ 
ing to bring out and exhibit a knowledge of 
the arrangement of tree and plant in the 
grounds — nothing toward giving knowledge 
by exhibition of 1 he shrub and tree in foliage 
so that the unacquainted can select such as 
would be suitable to their wants. 
But, without enlarging, I Mill simply say 
that, in my view, the makers up of premium, 
lists would do a good thing by offering a 
premium for an exhibit of the six, twelve, 
twenty, Ac., of best hardy flowering shrubs, 
time of blooming, <fce. The same for ever¬ 
green and deciduous trees, giving the form 
of tree, its size, rapidity of growth, Ac., &o. 
It is not necessary that trees or plants of" 
each be shown — only branches sufficient to 
convey a knowledge of the foliage, Ac., Ac. 
These to be arranged by the exhibitor, with 
the light or dark shades of foliage in front, 
outside or in the centre, as he would plant 
them. I can say more, but perhaps this 
hint is sufficient to start the subject. Addi. 
HUYSHE’S VICTORIA PEAR, 
Tnrs pear has received high encomiums in 
England, where it originated, and the Eng¬ 
lish journals gave drawings and descriptions 
of it two years since, on its first appearance. 
The descriptions and figures we now pre¬ 
sent were made from specimens grown in 
this country by Messrs. Ellwanger & 
Barry, Rochester, N. Y., men ever alive to 
the introduction of the best new things. 
The peaij although not large, fully sustains 
the foreign praise as regards quality, and 
should be tested by amateurs in all our States. 
Fruit medium size, globular, slightly pyri¬ 
form ; surface a little rough ; color greenish 
yellow, ground mostly covered with a dull, 
dirty looking russet; stem short — three- 
fourth inch — stout, set in a shallow cavity, 
with a lip or raised side; calyx open, with 
short segments; basin deep, broad, regular; 
flesh whitish, fine grained, melting, moder¬ 
ately juicy, pleasant sweet, and slightly 
vinous, aromatic, — very good; core small; 
seeds blackish, long pointed; season No¬ 
vember, and it may perhaps keep tlirough 
December. 
Culling Cions from Bearing Apple Trees. —At 
the winter meeting of tho Central Illinois Hort. 
Soc., Mr. Francis said that cutting cions from 
bearing apple trees lessens the yield of fruit, 
especially of the. Early Harvest. Mr. McLain 
had noticed the same thing, and prefers buying 
his cions to cutting Ills bearing trees. Mr. Ham¬ 
mond always leaves two buds on the new wood 
when he cuts his cions, and nc.i injury results to 
tho l’ruit product or to the growth of the tree. 
Mg Daggy says some trees— the Early Harvest 
is one —bear their limit on the end of the limbs, 
and cutting cions from such trees reduces tho 
yield. Other varieties bear their fruit on old 
wood, and are not Injured by cutting the new 
wood for cions. 
Life of Apple Tree*.- M r . Storks of Ohio esti¬ 
mated the life of apple trees under the present 
system of management at not over fifty years. 
Mr. ELLIOTT says this is a point of no small mo¬ 
ment, and deserves the attention of planters, 
lie recently heard an experienced fruit grower 
say that the Western States would never possess 
old apple trees like unto New England, because 
of the soil. 
To Secure Young Fruit Tree* in Winter._ 
Take three pieces of thiu boards twenty-four 
inches long and four or five inches wide. Bevel 
t he Odges so that the three will form a box; nail 
two of thorn fast- together, hang the other to 
one of tho edges with two leather hinges, thon 
place the box around the tree, and fasten tho 
box together by a screw or wire hook. These 
boxes will last for a lifetime, if stored away in 
summer.—A. A. S. 
Sv.cet ami Sour Apple. -Do not suy there is no 
such thing as a sweet, and sour apple till you 
know of a certainty that they do not exist. 
Horace Ghkelby said onee in his Tribune that 
no such fruit as a distinct species overgrew. But 
the wisest of men are often ignorant of some 
facts. I have grown the tipple for many years 
which is sweet and sour in sections from stem to 
calyx. The apple has the form Of the New Jer¬ 
sey Greening, and is a first rate winter apple,—A. 
A. Stoddard, Buslt, A". Y. 
Ananas tl’etc, 
.m |> it iue. 
Dearborn's Seedling. 
Diii'Ic-ssimR: Burry d’ete, 
Barnnne de Motln, 
Eliza belli (Manning’s), 
Osbuntl'» Bum titer, 
Beurre Superfine, 
Beurre de Waterloo, 
UoUT'JV l.intgolhjr, 
Beurre Clulrgeau, 
Gan-el's Bergamot, 
Belle Lucrative, 
Buell esse d'Angonlcmc, 
t'nehosse <V rlettus, 
fulmar. Van Mona. 
L-iuiso bonne r|- Jersey, 
Slovens’ Genesee, 
Flemish Bean tv, 
Junes' Seedling, 
Wilmington, 
Comte do Parts, 
< teneral Taylor, 
Chancellor. 
Beurre ,-lerUream's, 
(’nii-.'tilev do 11 four, 
Dnvenno <1u Cornice, 
' SMio <r:rpv»t. 
B *urrt‘ ile IConing,' 
S.'igr.ee.- .I’Esperin, 
Me in hlin, 
P-Ul A 'tall e. 
PriHOt'e-o. Sr. Germain, 
.foseidilue do Mulines, 
Krgned'.Yleacou, 
Hurtle tic, 
Scotch Larch. — G. BEAN, Woodville,111., wants 
to know where he can get trees of Scotch Larch 
or the seed thereof. The seed can he obtained 
at almost any well regulated seed-store: and tho 
trees of your nearest nurseryman or, by his 
agency, of others. 
Wild Goose Plum.—Is the Wild Goose Plum, 
.ken of in your issue of Jan. 2, like a wild 
goose chase? or is It a good fruit, woi-thy of cul¬ 
tivation in Northern Wisconsin ?—W., Horicon, 
Wis. 
Wc think our correspondent can rely upon 
what is said of it by Dr. Morse, of the Journal 
of Agriculture. Whether it will succeed in 
Northern Wis. we cannot say. 
TREES FOR NORTE ILLINOIS 
The Northern Illinois Horticultural So¬ 
ciety recently adopted the following list of 
timber trees, recommended by its Committee 
on Timber Growth for Cultivation: 
For Groves —European Larch, Black "Wal¬ 
nut, Butternut, White, Red and Blue gVsh, 
White Pine, Tulip Tree. 
j Yu t-be, i ring Trees— Butternut, Black Wal- 
nut, Shcllbark Hickory, Chestnut. 
Shade and Ornamental Trees —White Elm, 
Silver Maple, White Ash, Tulip Tree, Moun- 
Trunsplantlng Evergreens. I -wish to make 
inquiry as to Lite best time for transplanting ev¬ 
ergreens. the necessary preparation of soil, &c.; 
also. what, kinds are best adapted for light, or 
sandy, soil. Information relative to tho abov 
will bo thankfully received.—D. E. Rose. 
Cnrenlio In Apples. — It is almost impossible to 
raise apple-: in this sect ion of country on account 
of the ourcuHo, and if you or any of tho sub¬ 
scribers of the Rural know how ihey can bo 
prevented from stinging the fruit, the informa¬ 
tion would he very thankfully received. —Sub¬ 
scriber, Delaware Co., 0. 
Rabbits and Trees.—A new subscriber writes 
that a piece of hog’s liver, well rubbed on the 
bark of young trees, will keep rabbit3 away 
from them, sure. 
