'cgctablc ffarfren. 
IN THE GARDEN. 
Asparagus. 
My asparagus bed, on which I last fall 
spread a coat near two inches deep of well- 
rotted manure,! hare twice sprinkled with 
salt during the winter, and now I have just 
given it another light dressing of salt, and 
then dug with a spading-fork the whole top 
surface just deep enough to mingle the ma¬ 
nure with an equal quanity of soil. The 
alleys between, and the outside of my beds 
I have dug ns deeply as mv spading-fork 
could be thrust into the ground, I think an 
average of nine inches, and then I have 
raked the whole smooth with a fine iron rake. 
I propose this year, as hist, to sprinkle a 
light dressing of salt over my bed once a 
month during the entire season, and should 
it be quite wet in the early or cutting season, 
I shall apply the salt as often as once in ten 
days. The plant in its native location, on 
the borders of the sea, is daily washed with 
salt water by the rise and fall of the tide, 
and hence I infer it will be benefited more 
by frequent light dressings of salt than by 
one heavy application. 
I never cut my asparagus below ground, 
for all below the surface is tough and taste¬ 
less, while the green above is tender, deli¬ 
cate and .sweet. Asparagus should never be 
boiled, only steamed, and then served with 
melted butter. Frank Amon. 
-♦-*-*.-- 
TOMATO CULTURE. 
I wish to add to Mr. Trail’s plan of 
raising tomatoes. I agree with him about 
having good strong tapering plants. But 
how many of your readers will go over their 
vines a dozen times or so and pinch them 
oil’as he recommends? Not many I imagine. 
He also says ” a rich soil can do no harm to 
the tomato.” I agree with him there. But 
neither he nor any other man can raise 
early tomatoes on rich ground. My plan is 
— and I had ripe tomatoes earlier than ho 
says he did — to take the poorest and hard¬ 
est land I have for tomatoes. I have raised 
them on the same laud for eight years with¬ 
out any manure. 
Plow the land in the fall, let it pack as 
hard as it may; do not stir it in the spring. 
When your get your plants ready to set, 
make a hole with a hoe about as you would 
to plant potatoes, pour in about a quart of 
water and set your plants; cultivate well 
until they begin to fall over; then, if you 
are afraid they, will get in the dirt, scuttcr a 
very little straw between the rows. Half 
the secret in having tomatoes early , is in 
keeping them close to the ground, where 
they get three times the heat, by radiation, 
that they do when propped up by frames 
stakes, trellises, &c. 
1 raise tomatoes for market, and where 
we can get from eight to twelve cents a 
pound early in the season, it stands us in 
hand to have them curly. I sold last year, 
from July 1!) to August 20, for eight and ten 
cents. I have tried them on all kinds of 
soil and all kinds of frames; but have the 
most satisfactory results on hard clay land. 
For late, I would set in moderately rich land, 
four feet each way. I always let my vines 
lie on the ground. If you do get. a few 
more rotten ones, you will certainly get 
more ripe ones. I sell tomatoes to people 
every year who have bushels in their gar¬ 
dens, but not one ripe one. Now if Mr. 
Trall will set his tomatoes on his hardest 
land, I will guarantee that they will be. ear¬ 
lier than on his rich land, with all his 
pinching. 
We have one of the best grape regions 
here that there is east of the Rocky Moun¬ 
tains, (forty-four degrees north,) about which 
I may write some time. 
James Brainard. 
Oshkosh, Wis., March 8,1800. 
We shall be glad to hear from Mr. Bratn- 
ard concerning grape culture and the va¬ 
rieties of grapes which flourish in his lo¬ 
cality. Mr. B. is the President of the Osh¬ 
kosh Horticultural Society, and knows what 
he is talking about. 
-- 
WOMEN GARDENING. 
A Farmer’s Wife at EdwardsviUe, Ill., 
sends us her way of making a garden. She 
writes:—I do not write for those who have a 
gardener or a flower garden, but for the 
benefit of some farmer’s wife who has a little 
patch dug or plowed up, puts in the seed and 
expects to keep the weeds out with a hoe. 
We have raised plenty of vegetables since 
we adopted the following plan, and I would 
like others to try it; for I know farmers who 
put one hundred acres in wheat, and as 
much in corn, annually, who do not have a 
garden because the women cannot keep the 
weeds down, and they (the farmers) cannot 
take time to do it; and yet a man with a one- 
horse plow can clean out a large garden in 
an hour, and thus secure a plenty of good 
vegetables that all people relish. 
“ Here is the way to do it. Plow the 
ground deep with two horses, harrow it, pul¬ 
verizing the surface fine and smooth. Then 
mark the ground out in rows for all vegeta¬ 
bles—peas, beans, beets, cabbages, cucum¬ 
bers, so as to work it with a small plow until 
they need no further cultivation. All these 
vegetables will grow finely, thus cultivated, 
throughout the season. Lettuce, onions, and 
Other small vegetables can be kept apart on 
a wider row. Some of my neighbors plant 
flowers on the borders of the garden, so as 
io secure for them the same kind of culture 
with the plow, and the women find it easy to 
finish up the culture after the plow with a 
hoe.” 
We thank our correspondent for these sug¬ 
gestions. AVe have often been on those great 
gardenless farms in the West, and eaten at 
the tables of Western housewives who had 
no garden vegetables for the table, and we 
can appreciate the motives which, prompted 
this Illinois farmer’s wife to make the fore¬ 
going suggestions for the benefit of her 
sisters. 
-- 
Ripening Tomatoes.— In the Rural, Jan. 2, a 
correspondent from Almond, N. V., complains 
that ho cannot ripen tomatoes. I would sug¬ 
gest that when the first sets of fruit are nearly 
full grown, he trim the tops to let in the sun¬ 
shine, and (hen, with a spade, sever all the roots 
at about ton inches from, the stalk. Have seen 
it tried with some success. Have heard of its 
being tried to hasten early peas.—W., Horicon , 
Wis. 
ormtlturf. 
NOTES ON FLOWERING PLANTS. 
Another season of birds and blossoms 
will soon be with us again, ami till who in¬ 
tend to beautify their homes with flowers 
should select the varieties they wish to cul¬ 
tivate, and obtain their seeds as soon as 
possible. Some who love flowers do not 
desire or have not the means to cultivate a 
great many varieties, and they should, there¬ 
fore endeavor to select, as far as possible, only 
such varieties as will give the most, satisfac¬ 
tion. To those who have had experience in 
flower culture, this is comparatively an easy 
task ; but to others it is often one of the most 
difficult, and many mistakes are made. 
Many flowers arc very beautiful while in 
bloom, but only last a short time, and, there¬ 
fore, are not desirable for those who desire a 
constant, brilliant display. Others do not 
begin to bloom till the last of summer or 
fore part of autumn, and consequently are 
soon destroyed by frost; and flower beds 
filled with these present a very barren ap¬ 
pearance throughout the summer. Others 
begin to bloom early in summer and last till 
after hard frosts, and these arc by far the 
most desirable. 
In this class we find the Petunia, Phlox, 
Drummondii, Portulacca, Whitlavia, Zinnia, 
Larkspurs, and many others. Among bed- 
diug plants, none are more easily raised, and 
few, if any, are more desirable, than the Pe¬ 
tunia. Since its introduction from South 
America, it has grown rapidly in favor, and 
many new varieties have been obtained. 
The original type, (I*. Phmnicia ,) is very 
desirable for bedding. The deep purple 
flowers arc small, hut are produced in the 
greatest abundance. If sown towards the 
last of April, in the open ground, they will 
generally begin to bloom the last of June, 
and all varieties bloom freely till after hard 
frosts in autumn. They may be sown earlier 
in a hot-bed and transplanted, but will not, 
I think, bloom enough earlier to pay for the 
extra trouble. All the single Petunias arc 
very easy to raise, and when plants are set 
about a foot apart, they will soon completely 
cover the ground with dense masses of rich 
colored flowers. 
Another bedding plant equally easy to 
raise, and producing a still greater variety 
of brilliant flowers, is Phlox Drummondii. 
It begins to bloom as early as the Petunia, 
and lasts as late in autumn. The brilliant 
scarlet variety makes a most dazzling bed, 
and the Chamois Rose is a very delicate and 
beautiful color. Indeed, all varieties are 
beautiful, and all who cultivate a dozen 
varieties of flowers should have Phlox. 
The Portulacca is a well known popular 
annual, and it well deserves its popularity 
as a bedding plant. Opening with the morn¬ 
ing sun, it literally covers the ground with 
its rich colored flowers. The crimson, pur¬ 
ple and yellow are the most brilliant, and Por¬ 
tulacca alba, striata, white, striped with rose 
and red, P. caryophylloides, rose striped with 
carmine, and P. aurea striata, light, striped 
with deep yellow, are curious and beautiful. 
The Portulacca will often produce its flowers 
abundantly under the most unfavorable cir¬ 
cumstances, but prefers a sarnly soil, and 
warm sheltered situation. 
The Verbena is another very beautiful 
bedding plant, every way more desirable 
tham many plants in cultivation. Its Habit 
of growth is similar to the Portulacca, and 
though not an annual, will bloom freely 
from seed, and when the roots are preserved 
through the winter in the house or cellar, 
will commence blooming early in summer 
The Cailiopsis, in all its varieties, is a 
very beautiful hardy annual. It is a little 
difficult to transplant, and should he sown 
where it is intended to bloom, either late in 
auLumu or early in spring. It begins to 
bloom early in summer, and produces its 
large brilliant flowers in abundance for a 
long time. Few annuals have given me 
more satisfaction than the many varieties of 
Cailiopsis. 
The double varieties of Larkspur, (Delphi¬ 
nium), make a beautiful, showy bed, and are 
very fine for bouquets. The dwarf varieties 
are of low growth, with very double flowers 
growing in spikes, and make very line bed¬ 
ding plants, and the tall varieties are large 
and showy. These six varieties of flowers 
alone will make the garden brilliant the en¬ 
tire summer, and all arc very easy to raise. 
The Double Poppies are very beautiful, 
and it is strange that they are not more 
common. I had last summer flowers of the 
Double Opium and Peony-Flowered varie¬ 
ties that were very large and of the richest 
imaginable colors, almost equal to a bed of 
good Double. Tulips, and only very few 
plants produced single flowers, The single 
are worthless and should be destroyed as 
fast as they bloom and show their character. 
The AVhitlavia is another beautiful and 
hardy annual but little cultivated. It grows 
from seed nearly as readily as a weed, and 
soon begins to bloom, and produces a pro¬ 
lusion of clear, deep blue, bell-shaped flow¬ 
ers the entire summer. The new white 
variety 1 have never seen, but think it must 
be a good variety. 
Of late blooming annuals, none in my 
opinion equal the Aster. It is wonderful 
how this flower has been improved within 
the last twenty years. I had, last autumn, 
flowers of the New Rose, and new Peony- 
Flowered Globe varieties that were truly 
“ beautiful beyond description.” Some were 
deep pink, some deep blue, same snowy 
white, and some were white, edged with 
pink or blue, while others wore very curi¬ 
ously striped with various colors, arid all but 
three plants produced perfectly double flow¬ 
ers. The Hedgehog or Needle is a very fine 
variety of good shape and very double, with 
curiously quilled petals, and many fine 
colors. Only one fault can be found with 
the Aster, and that is the lateness of its 
blooming, Mine were but just in their prime 
when the frost took them, but while in bloom 
the Aster is certainly the queen of the 
garden. 
One of the easiest to raise, and most de¬ 
sirable tender annuals, is the Balsam. The 
camcllia-flowtffed and the rose-flowered are 
the best. The camellia flowered variety has 
large double-flowers of the shape of the 
camclia. Some of the flowers are seifs, or 
one-colored, and others have spots and 
blotches of various colors. The rose- 
lloweral variety lias large rose-shaped 
flowers, some being pure white, some deep 
red, and others of various intermediate 
shades. The Balsam requires very rich soil, 
and in dry weather should be watered with 
liquid manure, .and no flower will better pay 
for a little extra care. 
Among newly introduced flowers, 1 con¬ 
sider the New Dwarf Scabious a perfect 
gem. The plant is of dwarf habit, with 
numerous branches covered with small, very 
double flowers. I saw some last summer 
that I considered every way superior to the 
Double Zinnia, except in size, and those I 
saw were much injured by the dry weather. 
The Double Sunflower (Helianthus) is a 
very large and showy flower, good to plant 
In the borders of the garden. The grccn- 
centcml is a large and fine variety, bright 
yellow, with a deep green center. There is 
a smaller variety, with very beautiful yellow 
flowers, well worthy of a place in every gar¬ 
den. The Striped Leaved Japan Com is a 
very fine ornamental, foliaged plant, the 
leaves beautifully striped with green and 
white, and sometimes with rose color. A 
few lulls, or even a single plant, present a 
very fine appearance. 
There is a large class of plants, including 
the Double Zinnia, Ten Week Stock, Double 
Portulacca, Double Petunia and others — 
some of them of comparatively recent intro¬ 
duction — that are very beautiful when 
double; but unfortunately but. little depen¬ 
dence can be placed upon their coming 
double from seed, and all who plant them 
must expect some disappointments. The 
Double Zinnia is yearly growing more relia¬ 
ble, and when good seed is sown and prop¬ 
erly cared for, a fair proportion of double 
flowers may be expected, and when perfectly 
double it is a very beautiful flower, nearly 
equal to the Dahlia. It is not as hardy as 
most of the flowers I have mentioned, and a 
slight frost will nearly ruin the flowers. 
The Ten Week Stock on single is little 
better than man \.eus, but when double, 
few flowers can equal it. The flowers grow 
in long spikes, arc produced in great abun¬ 
dance, lust a long time and are delightfully 
fragrant. 
Every year a great many novelties are in¬ 
troduced from foreign countries. Some 
prove worthless, some are but little different 
from flowers already in cultivation, some are 
not adapted to our climate, while some prove 
really valuable additions to our flowers. 
Those who plant many novelties may ex¬ 
pect to be disappointed in some of them. 1 
have generally had good success in flower 
culture, but have sometimes bought seeds 
that were advertised in the catalogues as 
choice, that have produced flowers no better 
than the flowers of many weeds. One spring 
I sowed seeds of several kinds of flowers 
which I had never sown before, nor even 
seen. Among them was Cullirhoe Pedata, 
Eutoea Yiseida, (Enatliera Veiteliii, Clarkia 
Integrcpetala, Adonis and Ipomca Bona 
Nox. The Cullirhoe, although tended very 
carefully, grew through the summer at an 
astonishingly slow pace, and by protecting 
it from frost one plant began to bud about 
the first of November and then froze to 
death, and I have never seen one since. 
Eutoea, Clarkia and Adonis bloomed, but, 
were very small, weedy - looking tilings. 
(Enathcra Veiteliii produced handsome yel¬ 
low flowers, but too small to be of much 
consequence, and Ipomca Bona Nox re¬ 
fused to conic up. 1 have at different times 
sown several varieties of Clarkia, but have 
never yet seen one that 1 considered worth 
raising, although it is highly recommended 
in the catalogues. On the other hand, i 
have often been surprised to see what a 
great improvement in some of our common 
varieties of flowers can often be made by a 
little care In selecting the best seeds and 
giving them good soil atnl culture. 
Those commencing the culture of flowers 
should not try to seo how many varieties 
they can raise, but should select a few beau¬ 
tiful varieties, and then by good culture 
make them grow as large and fine ns possible. 
Swollen Center, N. Y. W. H. il. Pearson. 
— - - 
The Night Air for Plants. An English florist 
who is very successful In the culture of hull'- 
liardy plants says that night air Is of the greatest 
importance to them. Ho places his pelargoni¬ 
ums, etc., entirely out of doors during mild 
nights in November and December, and finds 
that this endues thorn with (lowering capacities 
much greater than others not treated in this 
way. 
-♦♦ » 
About Anti. -Tor several years I was greatly 
annoyed by aids in my Hewer beds, undermin¬ 
ing the plants. Two years ago 1 strewed dry 
copperas about their nest. They very soon took 
leave, and I have not hoard from them since. 
tstnsmms. 
NEW YORK FARMERS’ CLUB. 
Wncontinue our notes upon tho discussions 
of this eminent body of scientific agriculturists. 
Surrey To., Vn. A. 1$. illl.LARU, Dover, Del., 
writes the Club of lauds in Virginia, which ho 
says may bo purchased at. from l in en to twenty 
dollars per acre. Marl abounds on I lium ; water 
is plenty and delicious; tonality healthy; now 
seniors are given a cordial welcome; tho banks 
of the James River are high and country roll¬ 
ing; tine fruit country, apples, pears, peaches, 
figs, &<•., flourlubJnjp wonderfully; peanuts profit¬ 
able; clover grows well, &e. Indeed the whole 
letter is of tho rosy morning sort, which indi¬ 
cates that the writer may tie grinding his ax as 
well as Impoverished Virginia’s. Says one rea¬ 
son why lands are so cheap is that money is 
worth live per cent, a month in Norfolk, farm¬ 
ing utensils arc scarce and poor, the F. E. V’s 
do not know how to work, and tho colored pop¬ 
ulation will not. 
Value of Crude Potash. A. G. Smith, Charles 
Co., Md., asks the relative value of erode potash 
us a fertilizer, as compared with ashes, 'flip 
weather has been so warm ho has made no 
ashes the past winter, and he must substitute 
something else. The Club’s Chemical Professor 
said potash Is not us good as ashes, ami should be 
mixed with muck. The President said It should 
be in a liquid state when mixed with the muck. 
Improved Stovepipe. John Faint, Columbus, 
C. W-, had jiii opportunity to grind his ax by ex¬ 
hibiting two sections of stovepipe with an im¬ 
proved joint a joint easily put together, and 
once adjusted is self-sustaining — that is, it will 
not fall apart, no matter what the length of the 
room, even though not supported by wires. It 
costs no more to make it than the ordinary pipe, 
requires less iron, because tho joints overlap 
only one inch, and tlo matter how rusty, can be 
taken apart and put together wit hout pounding 
or loss of temper or time. It is apparently a 
good thing, and deserves this advertisement. 
About Humbugs.—An inquisitive and cautious 
Yankee In Maine remembers that- thirty years 
ago a man traversed the country pretending t.o 
euro tender-footed horses; and lie apparently 
did it.,; but It was found that when the horses 
were put to work their feet, were entirely spoiled. 
He earnestly n-sks the Club to tell him whether a 
<•< . motion known us the “Ringboneand Spavin 
Annihilator," which is being extensively adver¬ 
tised is a hiirnhugnr not. Tho Club did not re¬ 
ply, but the Rural advises him to letsuch nos¬ 
trums alone. 
Preparing Human for Market. N. Thomas- 
ton, Yorktown, N. Y., remembers to have soon 
sumac prepared for market by putting tho dried 
lluihs with the leaves upon a clean barn floor, 
thresbinglhe leavosofT with flails, sacking them 
after ratting out the twigs, and sending them 
to market. 
Gapes In Poultry.—A correspondent writes 
that a sure way to cure gapes in chickens Is to 
bury every young fowl that dies of H. Pre¬ 
cisely bow t his is a remedy is not so clear ns 
mud may be 
Grape* lux rots and Varieties*. — A. BLtrMMER, 
Louisiana, Mo., send* specimens of insect eggs, 
which tie found on his Concord grape vines but 
which do nut appear on any other variety lie 
has. He wants to know what they are. No one 
seemed to know. Dr. Sylvester of Western 
New York, said the only insect which troubles 
vines in his neighborhood is a beetle, which eats 
the bud just before tho expansion of the loaf; 
and the only remedy they had found for it is 
tho thumb and finger. He said it was variously 
called a “blue,’* a “green" and a “black’’ 
beetle; but the learned grape grower failed to 
bo more specific tu enlightening the dignttlod 
and venerable body of learned gentlemen for 
whoso enlightenment he was talking. Dr. Hyl- 
verteh also read a paper, which lit: had prepared 
with great care, containing testimony from va¬ 
rious localities, or to the superiority or tho Con¬ 
cord grape over all other varieties for general 
cultivat ion. I a the course of Ids remarks lie al¬ 
luded to the Horace Guemlky Prize awarded 
to it some yours ago, and to the fact that al¬ 
though so much built had been found with the 
award, because of tho lack of quality hi l lie (’un¬ 
cord, no other grape had been found to equal it 
in all respects. 
Tho benign and luminous face of Horace 
Greeley, like a full moon In autumn, rose out 
of t he midst of the learned throng, und he .avid 
that, since allusion hud been made to the Gree¬ 
ley Prize, It was proper for him to say Hint ho 
had nothing whatever to do with making tho 
award of the prize offered, nor with selecting 
the committee who made tho award. But It did 
seem to him at that time, and still so seems, that 
tho award did not correspond with the conditions 
upon which tho premium was ottered. He did 
not offer the premium to define the merits of 
well-known grapes, but to dorulop a new va¬ 
riety, whioh should eonihine the good qualities 
of all so far as practicable. 
Tho Concord was well known. He did nut 
sock to lie an agent to advertise any grape 
whioh did not. combine the qualities required 
by the conditions upon which the premium 
was to by paid. But tho Committee made 
tho award, aua ho had paid the premium. 
But why under heavens the man who got the 
premium should have had it he, (Horace Gree¬ 
ley,) could never conceive. Ho wants a grape 
of finer quality and combining equally nil tho 
good qualities of the Concord. Ills object in 
offering the premium had not been obtained; 
and, though ho should offer no more premiums, 
he Imped somebody or some organization would 
do so with the purpose of securing what, ho 
sought and failed to develop, lie thought the 
Committee too hasty that it should have watted 
live years, if necessary, until thy objoot sought 
had been gained. 
Dr. Sylvester said that flvo years had elapsed 
since the award was made, and asked where 
there was to be found a grape to-day that so 
nearly fulfilled the requirement of Mr. Greeley 
as the Concord? lie know or none. Mr. Gree¬ 
ley responded that there are other promising 
untried grapes. Ho asked if (ho Walter had 
been tested so as to establish Its position rela¬ 
tively In I lie Concord. Thy Walter may not be 
the grape he seeks, and it may; or some other 
may be found to fill tho place yet to be filled by 
a grape for tbo people. Mr. Fuller said that 
whether Mr. Greeley'S object had been at¬ 
tained or not, ho was sat isfied that he had ms or 
expended one hundred dollars which had done 
us much good to tho people Of the country. It. 
had stimulated planting; and if the Concord is 
grown it will begot, a desire for u butler grape, 
and the people will be prepared to plant it when 
it is known. Mr. Quinn said that soon after tho 
award was made lie mot a gentleman who de¬ 
nounced it and said, “ Why, air, the Concord is 
not fit to cat, sir!” And that man had his mouth 
full ol’ tobacco, and he did not attach much im¬ 
portance to his judgment of the action of the 
Committee. 
Green Band Marl. —The Professor of Jlifu- 
lutin' read an elaborate and eloquent eulogy of 
tho wonderful marls of tho marvelous State of 
New Jersey. Ills practical suggestions wore 
that the green sued marls should be composted 
with coarse and Hour manures, and stated that, 
this marl could bo moro profitably used in fer¬ 
tilizing lands for potatoes than for any Other 
crop. Potatoes grown on land man 11 rod with it 
are fairer,smoother and bettor than when grown 
with the aid of other fertilizers, lie pronounced 
it a preventive of rot in tho potato—at ionst 
less rot appears on crops grown on lands ma¬ 
nured with marl. 
A gentleman having experience said he would 
not. advise planting potatoes on marl-mtun irod 
lands tho first year after Its application, us it 
makes the potatoes “scrubby.” There w:i>; a 
good deal uf learned talk concerning marts, 
phosphates, etc., culminating In a distinguished 
and leading mom her of the Mutual Admiration 
Society deliberately rising, and, choking with 
admiring emotions, ho Informed his co-udmirors 
that ho had read most of tho learned papers of 
distinguished European Havana, and ho had 
never found ono which excelled, if indeed it. 
equalled, I hut just read by Hie accomplished and 
distinguished Professor of Hifalutin'. He there¬ 
fore, witli his heart overflowing, and his eyes 
moistened, and his voice trembling with feeling, 
moved a vote of thanks to tho learned Professor 
before named. His motion was Seconded, and 
the vote given, followed by an oppressive hu«h, 
everybody expecting, evidently, that tho com¬ 
plimented gentleman would be translated be¬ 
fore their eyes. 
Louisiana Agriculture. — A gentleman just re¬ 
turned from tho South states that, while tho 
agriculturists of that section are behind those 
of the North in many respects, thoyaro devel¬ 
oping wonderfully, and that the future pros¬ 
pects, uuder a favorable and peaceful policy, are 
brilliant. Thoyaro developing new industries. 
One man in Louisiana has two thousand acres 
(so we understood the speaker) In "poppies, from 
which opium Is to ho manufactured. He grow 
thirteen hundred pounds tbo past year which he 
sold at |15 per pound. It is now worth 
per pound. Ho has imported from seme of the 
European States an experienced poppy culti¬ 
vator and opium manufacturer. The same gen¬ 
tleman says the sugar crop of the South is going 
to be immense. Cotton Is going to be a large 
crop. Cotton cultivators sell their seed and buy 
guano and phosphates for manure. Mr. Gkeh- 
i.ey says that the planter who sells his cotton 
seed and bnyflguano fora fertilizer makes amis- 
take, in his judgment. 
A learned gentleman said that the South need 
not purchase artificial manures, but it is tho 
fashion —and this thing always goes by name. 
Tho South has plenty of fertilizing resources. 
It. was also Urged that tho use of concentrated 
manures in th production of cotton increased 
immediate results, perhaps, at the expense of 
the permanent productive power of the sod. 
The Professor of Chemistry said that the oil 
might be expressed from cotton seed on tho 
plantations, and sold in that shape without ma¬ 
terial loss to the soil’s fertility, provided tho 
pomace is returned to the land. 
