I 
MOOBE’S 
Sljout the Soutlj. 
NOTES OF TRAVEL SOUTH.—IV. 
by P. BA HUY. 
Savannah, January 19.—We left Charles¬ 
ton al 8 o'clock in the morning and arrived 
here about 8 in the evening—twelve hours. 
The (lay was clear, calm and beautiful, and 
the trip pleasant as could be expected, where 
the scenery is flat, dreary and monotonous. 
Beaufort was the only place of any impor¬ 
tance where we made a landing. Viewed 
trom the deck of the steamer, it was by no 
means inviting, and a short ramble through 
the stree ts was still less satisfactory. It is 
but fair to say, however, that we had not 
sufficient time to reach the best. part, ol the 
town, wle rc we were told there are man} 
respectable dwelling*. 
The first impressions of our party in legoid 
to Savannah were very agreeable. W idc 
streets, finely planted, chiefly with live oak, 
numerous public squares, a public park, 
many handsome public and private build 
ings, life and activity in the business streets, 
hotels full of travelers, the harbor well filled 
with vessels—all these very soon led us to 
the conclusion that Savannah was in a much 
more prosperous condition than Charleston; 
and so it is. 
On our arrival here we were fortunate in 
meeting a very kind Irieud, lion. W ii.mam 
Schley, formerly of Augusta, who not only 
gave us much valuable informal ion in rela¬ 
tion to the condition and prospects of Geor¬ 
gia, but accompanied us to see what there 
was of peculiar interest in and around the 
city. 
We visited an old cemetery at. Bonaven- 
ture, some four or five miles from the city. 
The, approach to this cemetery is a long, 
straight avenue, thickly wooded on both 
sides” with gigantic oaks, whose branches 
form a perfect arch over the drive, and are 
draped in pendant masses ol the eimous, 
parasitic moss of this region, a species ol 
Tillanilda. Tills dull, lead-colored moss, 
hanging in such profusion trom the tiers, 
together with die gloom occasioned by the 
dense shade, create the impression that the 
scene had been specially prepared for some 
great funeral pageant. As a piece of natural 
scenery it is the most remarkable L have ever 
seen in any part, of the world, and is really 
worth a long journey. 
In another direction from the city, near 
Jasper Springs, we visited a pear orchard, 
it had changed owners several times, but is 
still in very good condition, the trees in gen¬ 
eral being healthy and giving a fair promise 
for a crop- not equal to our Northern t rees, 
however, in this respect. The hark and 
shoots are so different from ours that we 
could scarcely recognize well-known varie¬ 
ties— the influence of climate. The ownei 
spoke of the Bartlett as one of the most 
profitable there, as it is everywhere. He 
said lie sent his fruit to New York, got them 
to market by first of August, and last, year 
sold them for $16 per bushel, 
Strawberries were also grown here for 
market, and we saw a method, new to us, 
of hastening the crop without the aid of 
glass. A ditch was made some three or four 
feet deep, the sides of which with just slope 
enough to vet am t he eavl 11 m its j dace, were 
planted with strawberries; here they were 
protected from the cold wind. The plants 
in these ditches were in blossom, and fruits 
already set, while those in the open beds had 
not begun to show blossoms. The proprie¬ 
tor informed us that last season he had sold 
his first picking at three dollars per quart— 
rather expensive strawberries. 
At this place we also noted a large Se.up- 
pernong grape vine. It was trained over a 
horizontal trellis a little over forty feet 
square, and, we were informed, had yielded 
about fifty bushels of grapes in one season. 
In the garden we saw some superb speci¬ 
mens of rare evergreens; two Cuptmua 
funtbrix — the funereal Cypress — thirty feet 
in height, the branches drooping gracefully. 
The young shoots had a peculiar golden 
tint which I never saw before in that tree; 
a Tfuiodiumwiitprrm'rcnu* the famous" Red 
Wood” of California, twenty feet high; 
Guprmm Lamouiau/t, the charming Cali¬ 
fornia Cypress, fifteen feet high; Golden 
Arbor Vila', eight feet high, and the most, 
perfect in form mnl foliage 1 ever saw; a 
Ma//iwliafnmita, ten feet high ; large, double* 
white Camellias in full bloom. At another 
place we saw a I'ri/jitoiiirna twenty-live feet 
high and perfect in form and foliage. 
This shows what may lie enjoyed in tin- 
way of trees in this delightful winter cli¬ 
mate. We visited some other private gar¬ 
dens where we saw super!) Camellias and 
Laurestinus, Cape Jasmines, Oleanders, 
Cloth of Gold, and Marshal Neil Rosea, with 
many other plants which tenant our North¬ 
ern green-houses. 
*\Vf think Mr. BAIUIY must mean the Sequoia 
ntqnv(>'t>ireng, which is the Redwood of California, 
which l« not unlike t he Turodium , of which there is 
but one variety, T, cUntkUum, in the Southern States. 
—[Eds. Rl’rax. 
Oranges are not so much grown as I ex¬ 
pected to see them, but we found one large 
tree bearing a full crop, which had, in a 
great measure, escaped the extraordinary 
frost of December, owing to its sheltered 
position close to a building. 
Bananas are also grown and produce fruit, 
but they require protection in winter, as the 
fig does with us at the North. 
Peas were well up in the gardens; in some 
eases we saw them full a foot high, and gar¬ 
den work generally was going forward. It 
seems to me that' the neighborhood of Sa¬ 
vannah would he an excellent, place for mar¬ 
ket gardening. Abundance of land is to be 
| Lad at very low prices, and the facilities for 
shipping to Northern markets all that could 
be desired. Most of the land which we saw, 
however, is of a light, sandy character and 
would require large quantities of manure. 
The mineral fertilizers could not be relied 
upon in this branch of culture; stable ma¬ 
nure must be the staple. 
Whether this could he had in large quan¬ 
tities we did not inquire; most likely it could. 
— - - ♦♦♦• - 
A BRIEF TRIP SOUTHWARD. 
Mv companion and l left cold, winter 
weat her and good sleighing in Western New 
York, March 11th, and met about the same 
degree of cold, but missed the snow entirely, 
on the following day in New York City. 
On the 13th we sailed for Charleston, just 
clearing the bay at sundown, and turned into 
(Mir berths fora comfortable sleep, with the 
assurance that, good luck attending, our next 
glimpse of laud would show us the semi- 
tropical vegetation fringing the low sea- 
cotton islands lying along the South Carolina 
coast. The tilli was a beautiful day with 
us—sky cloudless, wind Southward and 
gentle, and temperature so moderate that a 
light overcoat, in addition to ordinary cloth 
ing, made it. comfortable to lounge on deck. 
That, night we weathered the dreaded Ilat- 
teras. Southward we sailed on the succeed¬ 
ing day, under a cloudless sky and against a 
strong breeze, warm and balmy as the breath 
of June in the North, Overcoats were dis¬ 
carded and the passengers occupied arm 
chairs on deck or paced to and lro, enjoying 
the delightful temperature. 
Our number was small, and composed 
mainly of merchants and business men, with 
a few looking for the inducements which the 
dime and laud of the South are supposed to 
olft-i Northern men to change their homes. 
The destination of one man, with his wile 
and seven children, hailing from ( hantau- 
qua, Co., N. Y., was Florida. Thither be 
had never been, but his faith in manges, 
early fruit and vegetables for the Northern 
markets, and the Concord grape in particu¬ 
lar, was strong, mid, 1 trust, may be abiding. 
The wind changed during the night, and 
came down from the North with clouds and 
mist, and overcoats were again brought into 
use. The morning of the Kith w e approached 
land, and ran into the harbor of Charleston 
With t he early tide, having made the passage 
in about sixty-six hours. Four sate and 
comfortable side-wheel steamers run between 
New York and Charleston, two leaving each 
port in a week; fare twenty dollars. 
A great inducement for Northern farmers 
to set tle in the-South is the supposed profits 
to be derived from growing fruits and veget¬ 
ables there for Northern markets. A person 
who designs logo into this business would 
do w ell to seek information from some of tlic 
commission dealers in such produce iu 
Washington Market, New York. We found 
that the most, reliable source of supply for 
very early vegetables is Norfolk, \ irgmia. 
The earliest, potatoes come from the Ber¬ 
muda Islands, and a considerable quantity a 
little later, from Charleston. Any kind 
of garden truck or small fruit may be 
shipped trom Norfolk to New I oik, and 
arrive in good condition, so as to bear re- 
shipment to interior markets if desirable, 
as is ollen the case. Tlic risks tire quite 
great in shipping front Charleston, even 
potatoes and tomatoes do not always arrive 
in good condition, and peas, beans, cucum¬ 
bers, strawberries, peaches, Ac., often spoil 
entirely. Large prices must be obtained 
where the risks tire so great, to make the 
business profitable. By fitting steamers ex- 
wliere in tho city did 1 see a bit of nice turf, 
and I doubt if South Carolina can show a 
rod square of fine grass lawn. The vicinity 
of the city is quite favorable to market gar¬ 
dening, tho location being warm and the 
sandy soil free from stone and undue moist¬ 
ure. We saw large quantities of peas grow¬ 
ing, some of the earliest being in blossom. 
Turnips, beds, radishes and onions were ex¬ 
posed in the market, and strawberries were 
partly grown. 
Some of the produce dealers in Charles¬ 
ton were very skeptical regarding the suc¬ 
cess of shipping fruits and garden truck 
North; they had lost money by the spoiling 
of the freight. Others had succeeded toler¬ 
ably well; but the risks are large. Irish po¬ 
tatoes were six or seven inches high, and 
with skillful culture they grow large enough 
to dig in May. As an index of the amount 
of business of this kind done, I give the 
statement of the Charleston Courier, made 
last autumn, to the effect, that, in 1868 up to 
September 1 st there had been shipped North¬ 
ward from Charleston 27,339 barrels of po¬ 
tatoes (including sweet,) and 44,000 boxes of 
tomatoes, peaches, beans, squashes and cu¬ 
cumbers. CllIF.T.. 
MANAGEMENT OF STOCK. 
AVe often hear people ask if wo can make 
it. pay to raise stock. A es, we can. “ lbiw 
do you do it?” Get tin* best, breed and keep 
them growing from the time they come into 
the world until they are ready for market; 
if there is one day they do not grow, that 
day is lost, if we do not keep them growing 
we lose all we feed them. Many farmers 
keep their cattle well in summer, but poor in 
winter. It will not pay. "We often ask 
farmers if they have fodder enough to carry 
them through the winter. They tell us 
they think they can squeeze through; and 
what is the result ? Their cattle have lost 
from fifty to one hundred pounds of tlesli 
while the farmer has lost all he has fed them 
his time, and from ten to fifteen dollars 
besides. Now we can but see that such a 
farmer is on the road to ruin. 
“Will it pay to keep cows?” Yes, sir, 
"How do you do it?” Get the best breed 
for milk; keep them well both winter and 
summer; give your cows u little miml in the 
winter, say two quarts each day per head; 
always feed the. cows In the stable in the 
winter; feed them at regular hours; if you 
Wish to feed roots towards spring, give the 
same quantity of meal with the addition of 
roots, or your cows will grow weak and run 
down at the wrong time. A good cow, well 
kept, ought to pay one hundred dollars a 
year. If your cows will not pay that 
amount, fit them for the market and sell 
them. It is cheaper to keep one good cow 
than two |v>( >r ones. Never keep an old cow 
for the good she has done; it will not pay. 
Some cows begin to run down at ten ; others 
hold out until twelve years old. It is better 
to turn them at ten or before they get so old, 
or they w*ill not fatten easily. 
Keep your cows in a warm stable in the 
winter, with a good bed ol straw imdei 
t hem; make them as comfortable as you can, 
and it will pay. Be careful how you fasten 
your cattle. If you have used ropes, or 
chains, or even the old-fashioned stanchion, 
throw them away and get something better. 
I have used Stanley's patent neck-bars and 
improved mangers the past, winter, and find 
them the best arrangement I have yet seen 
for fastening and feeding cattle. The mauger 
is so arranged that each cow has its own 
food; the bars play to accommodate t he cow 
to any part of the manger; if you wish to 
feed one more than the rest, you can do it 
without any interference. “Will it pay to 
buy corn for cows?” It will, hut it is better 
to raise it where you can. 
Oren, N. Y. A Faumer. 
—- 4 -*-*- 
A PROVOKED FARMER 
Talk* at Curlnir liny, Feedimr Carrot*, 
Prevent iuur Abortion, «fcc. 
soon enough and long enough. I believe a 
peck four times a day, while Texan cattle 
are on the cars, with cleanliness and water, 
will prevent their disease. The spores of 
mold in hay may be prevented by careful 
curing. It requires much experience, or 
Kilter instruction than I ever bad, to learn to 
cure bay well without unnecessary labor— 
to meet every variety of weather. I was 
(lucated to bestow much useless labor on 
iay. To new beginners I would say, ob¬ 
serve what the most successful farmers do, 
and follow them as near as you can; you 
will fail mostly for the want of "rocks,” or 
knowing bow to use them. 
I believe abortion can be prevented by 
preventing the cause, which may he harsh 
treatment of them by persons, or other cat¬ 
tle in the herd by which their passions are 
aroused. My father lost a noble cow once 
by being booked by another cow, who 
smelled the blood of her calf, lately butch¬ 
ered. To make cattle gentle to each other, 
sprinkle salt on them when they want it; 
they will lick to like each other and be 
licked, and that is better than some kinds of 
lickings. 
Another cause of abortion may be slip¬ 
ping when rising on a floor. To prevent 
it, lay your stable floor plank lengthwise the 
stable and parallel to tlie feeding trough or 
stanchion. 
A cause of hoof-ail and abortion, 1 believe, 
is ergot. I am told a fine kind grows on 
June grass. One remedy is to let the cattle 
have access to sweet, fresh earth. It may 
he furnished on carrots; it is nearly as effec¬ 
tual on cattle, internally, as externally, on 
sores, ns a disinfectant. Cattle will often 
drink muddy water when they will not drink 
clear water; let them have their choice 
when you can. 
A question here: — Where abortion pre¬ 
vails is not mill provender fed? I’ve heard 
of horses getting very sick on it. 
I’ve no ax to grind. I shall not pay you 
for publishing this. 1 notice old fogy farm¬ 
ers do not write much for the Rural or any 
oilier paper. I’ve vented my spleen at the 
glittering generalities, and have not told 3*011 
anything old farmers ought not to know. 
A. Hendrick. 
South Troupsburgr, N. Y., lstx>. 
We are quite sure that we arc not sorry 
that our good friend got provoked—to write ? 
Hope it'll happen again. 
----—- 
I.PBI 
putran. 
FEEDING BEES. 
pressly for the carrying* of such freight, 
these losses might be Dearly avoided. We 
learned that the boats between Charleston 
and New York were being fitted with suita¬ 
ble compartments for the preservation of 
vegetables and fruits, and if successful, the 
advantages resulting 10 the gardeners, freight¬ 
ers and consumers, will be great 
From points further South than Charles¬ 
ton it is not safe to depend on shipping gar¬ 
den truck Northward for some years to come, 
if ever. Florida has, without doubt, a fine 
climate — in the winter —but I fail to see 
that. it. offers equal advantages to the gar¬ 
dener, farmer or fruit grower with some 
localities further North. 
Charleston is quiet and somewhat quaint. 
Here are tile roofs, many unpaved streets, 
and high walled yards where grow wild 
orange and lemon trees, magnolias, palmet¬ 
tos and other semi-tropical vegetation. No- 
Mr. Rural:—1 am so provoked, I’ll give 
you a blowing up for publishing Lewis F. 
Allen’s advertisement as an article on first 
page. No. 11. Had it been among advertise¬ 
ments probably I would not have looked at 
it. He pretends to be very wise, and then 
blames other quacks for doing the same. 
First, “ Au ounce of prevention is worth a 
pound of eure.” Good! any quack doctor 
would say it. “ Good shelter, food, water, and 
care, will, in most, instances, keep herds in 
good health. Good, again; but how to do it 
is the rub. I’m almost sixty, was brought 
up on a farm, heard many farmers talk 
besides reading agricultural papers for forty 
years, and am very ignorant. 
I’ll tell what 1 believe. In saving bay, it 
should be cut before the sugar turns to 
wood. There is sugar in milk; the same 
food that will produce rich milk will pro¬ 
duce iiesh. Carrots in allopathic doses will 
prevent mortifieatiou, in many cases, if given 
Caiva Siu'Muu 'riirinselve*. - Subscriber asks 
for advice from any person having performed a 
surgical operation on a emv's tongue to prevent 
her Slicking 1 herself. About 30 years since, while 
living in Tompkins ominly, N. V., I caused such 
an operation, splitting the tongue from three to 
four inches, which had the deal rod effect fora 
few months, until after the wound had tlior* 
oughly hett!e<i and the two parts of tho tongue 
in healing grow across each othur; even that, de¬ 
formity did not hinder her from stripping her¬ 
self most effectually, t found nothing better 
than.a curb on the neck, except ft tie tliepl! 
that I adopted, which was to uuiko beef of her 
us soon as possible. — E. Hock i ns. 
Francis Grander, Ithaca, N. V., writes:—‘“A 
Subscriber’ asks in ttio RURAL, 4 Hus any one 
tried splitting the end of a now’s tongue to pre¬ 
vent tier sucking herself7’ t have, and cannot 
recommend its practice. I split the tongue one 
unduhalf Inches. It prevented her sucking until 
it healed. She then resumed tier old habit. For 
two or three weeks she tost tlesli rapidly, her 
longun being so sore it was difficult for tier t< 
eat, uno as a natural consequence decreased in 
quantity of milk. 1 afterwards prevented her 
Bucking hy taking an old tug or harness trace 
long enough logo round her nose, and lap and 
natl, leaving space for her jaws to move in eat¬ 
ing. Before uniting I had nine spikes made at 
the smith’s shop, eight inches long, with sharp 
points, and one-fourth of mi inch in diameter, 
and with large flat heads. I drove these spikes 
through the trace to tho spike head, then tupped 
and united the trace, and attached a strap long 
enough to pass from one side up over her neck 
and down tho other side, to keep the trace and 
spikes In the proper place,—about two inches 
from the end of her nose. When tho cow at¬ 
tempted to reach her teats the spikes pricked 
her in tho side and flank and prevented her 
reaching them." 
Marcus Thacreii writes: — “If Subscriber 
will apply a little pine tar to the teats of his 
cow he will find it effectual; oneor two applica¬ 
tions 1 find sufficient. I have tried slitting the 
tongue; consider it a barbarous practice belong¬ 
ing to the dark uges, therefore shall give 110 
directions.” 
- 4 - 4 -*- 
Lice on Cattle.— I have always tried the fol¬ 
lowing remedies with good success:—1. Take 
hogs’ lard, melt it, and mix some yellow snuff 
(about one-eighth of a pound to one quart of 
lard;) rub tlie back from head to tail, around 
the neck and ears with it. I never knew this to 
do any injury to cattle. 2. Kerosene oil Is very 
good, hut if you get on too much it will Like tlie 
hair off. 3. Take very dirty rotten potatoes, boil 
them and wash the cattle with the water. The 
above are all I have tried. —A Header. 
William Luce recommends gathering fine 
road dust in summor and storing it for winter 
use. Scatter it over the animal and rub it well 
into the hair. Fine brick dust instead is also 
recommended, feeding the animals meanwhile 
a lit tle sulphur. 
-4 - - 
To Remove Chaff from the Eye* of Cottle.— 
Can any of the readers of the Rural inform me 
what will remove chaff from the eyes of cattle? 
Some of my ■cattle ave almost blind from the ef¬ 
fect of chaff on the eyeball.— Geo. S. Clark, 
Frankfort}, Minn. 
--- 
Feed the stock the best hay at this season of 
the year. Keep them off the meadows and pas¬ 
tures. It is the time to take care of them. 
Please say to Mrs. Anna A. Sh.vtttjck 
that bees necessarily require no pollen or 
bee bread until tlie weather allows them to 
fly out. Then procure a box twelve by 
twenty inches square and eight inches deep, 
to prevent the winds front disturbing the 
food. Mix a few clean oats with finely 
ground oat or rj’e meal. The oals prevent 
the bees from getting into the meal, which 
would disable them from flying. Pul two 
quarts of this food into the box at a time. 
Set it. near your bees, in a sunny place and 
out of the wind. Heat a small piece of a 
brick, put a piece of honey comb upon it, 
set it in the box. This w ill soon attract the 
bees, and they will rapidly convey it to their 
young brood. This induces early breeding 
and imparts much life and vitality to the 
bees. This pra. licc should be strictly ad¬ 
hered to. 
I have the last two winters kept a num¬ 
ber of late stocks almost entirely upon coffee 
sugar, medium quality. W ith soft water re¬ 
duce it to a little thinner state than honey. 
Bring it to a boiling heat, add one table¬ 
spoonful of whisky and three drops of the 
essence of annis to the pound ; pul it into a 
feeder and set. it upon the top of the hive, in 
place of the honey box. 
I have now* two stocks, both strong and 
healthy—one black and the other pure Ital¬ 
ians—which I have kept, entirely upon this 
food since the middle of September. The 
lato honey harvest being cut short by drouth 
they secured but a very little honey. At 
the time above mentioned I raised out their 
frames and found they had not to exceed 
one pound of honey. I at once gave them 
six pounds of this artificial food, and con¬ 
tinued to do so until I had given them six¬ 
teen pounds, and they have to all appearance 
an abundance to sustain them through. 
From these experiments I am convinced 
that bees are equally as healthy when kept 
upon this substitute as on their honey; and 
it cannot be denied that there is great econ¬ 
omy in feeding bees. 
I think I am nut ulisteken in saying that 
there is not one colony in fifty that is al¬ 
lowed to starve to death but might be saved 
with from a half to one dollar’s worth of 
food. I am convinced that more money 
could be saved in wintering bees in Ibis w ay 
than feeding young stock. 
The necessary quantity of food should he 
given them during the month of September. 
The bees will then, as in this instance, con¬ 
vey it all to their store comb, and cap it 
nicely over the same as honey, for winter use. 
Should they be given ten or twenty pounds 
more than they eat t here could be no loss, 
as the bees w ill return it in surplus, which 
w ould be worth nearly twice the aunt of that 
given them. I trust the time is not far dis¬ 
tant when the honey bee w ill be us alien 1 
lively fed as other stock. J. H. Graves. 
Rochester,N. Y„ 1809. 
- ■♦♦♦ - 
TRANSFERRING BEES. 
In the Rural of March Clli., R. P. II. 
inquires for information about transferring 
bees from one hive to another. My method 
is to sprinkle a little water upon tho hive 
and alighting board to drive the bees up 
among the comb; also to jar, or strike the 
hive to alarm them, and cause them to till 
themselves with honey. After four or five 
minutes, puff or blow a little smoke into the 
hive to quiet the bees. Then remove the 
hive a short, distance from the stand, invert 
it, and, as quick as possible, place my empty 
hive over it, w inding a sheet or cloth around 
where the two hives come together, to pre¬ 
vent all bees from getting out. Then with a 
stick rap upon the sides of the hive to drive 
the bees up into the empty hive, where they 
will go in a few* minutes. Place your hive 
containing the bees on tlie old stand. It 
your hive is clean and good, find you have 
driven the greater part, of the <w*arm out of 
the old hive, you will have no difficulty with 
them. 
Bees should alw ays be driven, during their 
natural sw arming season ; which of course 
varies in different localities. The sw’arming 
time here is from the middle of June to the 
middle of July. J- H. Rice. 
Rensselaer \ ille, N. Y., 18*40. 
--♦-*“*-- 
To Introduce Queens Safely.—I see by your 
Journal that the bee-keepers still use tlie wire 
cairo lor introducing queens in deprived colon¬ 
ies. I have a better plan, which may be ol’ ben¬ 
efit to those who arc in the bee business, saving 
time and avoiding risk. It is as follow.-.. Dis¬ 
solve four ouneesof sugar in one pint ol water, 
and add one ounce ol essence of peppermint. 
Take out your frames and sprinkle the bees well 
all over with the solution. Then replace tlie 
frames and put in your queen, and tho bees 
will not disturb her. I introduce all my queens 
in this manner, and have not lost one j et. II. 
Faulin, in fire Journal . 
■-■ 4 - 4 - 4 -- 
Bee Feeder. —Will you, or some of your con¬ 
tributors, inform me, through the columns of 
the Rural, how to make the best style of bee 
feeder—A. A. Meriuck, Fort Covlm/tm, N- 4. 
