Bth. At what time of the year should seed he 
sown or trees planted? Ans .—In the autumn or 
spring. ___ 
Pear on Thorn.— A correspondent asks, “ Who 
has had experience with the pear worked on 
thorn ? Has a pear tree on a thorn stock ever 
been known to blight?" 
J. L. Budd, Benton Co., Iowa, recommends the 
grafting the pear on the White Thorn —Orategus 
Coceinea. He says:—“ During the past twelve 
years I have seen several quite aged pear trees 
grafted upon the true white thorn above the 
ground; and In all eases when the grafting bad 
been done upon young and vigorous thorn 
stocks, the union seemed perfect, and thegrowth 
of the thorn stock about equal to that of the 
pear. On the other hand, the pear worked upon 
common bitter haw does not form a perfect 
union, nor is it long-lived. Upon the light al¬ 
luvial soils of the West, it is the firm belief of 
the writer that the working of the peer upon 
white thorn will prove a decided success; pre¬ 
mising, however, that thrifty seeding ihoms 
shall be worked by budding or grafting in the 
nursery, and not, as has been common, by trans¬ 
planting and grafting old thorn stocks from the 
forest." 
trees grow much more stately and beautiful, 
branching low and assuming their natural 
shape of top, but are not nearly so valuable 
or profitable for timber. This should always 
be borne in mind in setting out plantations 
of hard-wooded, large-growing trees. Fully 
occupy the land at the beginning, and in 
very few years ample yearly returns may be 
expected from it. 
All the nut-bearing trees are good, such 
as chestnut, hickory, walnut, butternut, and 
beach, &e., Ac. The softer-wooded trees, 
like Lombardy poplar, cottonwood, willow, 
Ac., will grow well from cuttings. A limb 
twenty feet long may be laid in a furrow 
hacked with notches cut a foot apart, and 
buds will start from every notch. These 
soft woods are rapid growers, but of com¬ 
paratively little value. 
Again I say, with Mohegan, and all other 
good men, plant trees, fellow men, women 
and children! Plant trees, plant trees! 
Back wop osman. 
oricttltttrr 
KUBUS GRANDIFLORUS FLORA 
PLENO. 
I would like to call the attention of the 
readers of the Rural to this fine foliaged, 
free flowering shrub, believing that when it 
becomes known it will prove to be a uni¬ 
versal favorite with all the lovers of line 
things. It was only recently introduced 
from France, and proves to be a very fine 
acquisition, not only for the garden, but also 
for the florist, ms it, forces very freely, pro¬ 
ducing its fine double flowers of (ho very 
softest white in great abundance, each flower 
being over three inches in diameter, and lit 
for the bouquet of the most critical admirer. 
1 shall not wonder if the florists of not 
only New York City, but every city where 
flowers are in demand, take to this new 
blackberry most loudly, as it proves to be 
such a fine forcer, producing flowers so 
totally unlike anything we have got, besides 
being a double white flower which is always 
welcome. The flower from which this draw¬ 
ing was made was grown and furnished by 
Ellwanoeb A Barry of this city, who have 
had some fine specimen plants of it in bloom 
for a long time this past winter. In conver¬ 
sation with Mr. Kllwangek, lie told me 
they considered it a good thing, and should 
A WORD FOR HEDGES 
GRAFTING THE GRAPE 
The St. Louis Journal of Agriculture has 
the following report of the discussion of this 
subject by the members of the Mississippi 
Valley Grape Growers’ Association. 
Mr. Lazf.ar— Can we take up vines and 
graft them in the house during winter, and 
set them out in the spring with success Y 
Mr. IIusmann said he had practiced graft¬ 
ing old stocks in the vineyard with good 
success, but had succeeded very poorly in the 
way proposed. Mr. Miller, of Bluffton, 
had succeeded better on pieces of roots, for¬ 
warded under glass. He puts them closely 
in a box, and then puts them in a hot bed. 
Thinks it. has a tendency to promote a more 
vigorous growth in slow growers to graft 
them on vigorous growers. Some varieties 
are probably better adapted to each other 
than others, but he has succeeded very well 
with all. 
Mr. Richmond, of Ohio, said he had prac¬ 
ticed grafting the grape iu the way proposed, 
and failed. Had tried them in liot-bed with 
good success. , 
Dr. Dewey, of Chariton county, Mo., said 
he has some grafted grape vines packed 
away in sawdust now ; so far they look well; 
will be able to report at the end of the season. 
IN MY FLOWER GARDEN. 
I have found a top coating of leaf mold, 
or fine, well rotted compost, put upon the 
surface of my flower beds about the mid¬ 
dle of June helps to continue the dura¬ 
bility of the flowers, increase their number 
and add to their brilliancy. So 1 have been 
at work getting ready. I apply about two 
inches deep. 1 have sometimes used mosa 
from the woods, and this among my Fuch¬ 
sias I like ; but among Geraniums and 
Heliotropes, Lantanns, etc., the leaf mold or 
light, well rotted compost is the best. 1 sent 
to Saul of Washington for a collection of 
Geraniums. They are now doing finely, and 
as it is not too late to set them, it may 
serve others to know some of the fine ones. 
First, then, is Attraction or General Grant, 
which everybody now wants. Its flowers 
are bright scarlet and very abundant. Next, 
Beaton’s Indian Yellow, with flowers of an 
orange scarlet, decidedly a yellow tinge. Cy- 
bistcr, with flowers of a crimson scarlet, 
Donald Beaton, somewhat like Beaton’s 
Indian Yellow, but with immense trusses of 
flowers. Leonidas, a fiery scarlet and flow¬ 
ers of immense size. Le Grand, also, with 
large truss but more of a crimson scarlet, 
Phoenix and Provost, both bright scarlet, 
Godfrey, very brilliant and a profuse bloomer. 
Hector, (new,) a free grower and bloomer. 
Village Maid, with bright, deep pink flowers. 
White Perfection, with, as its name indicates, 
flowers of pure white and a free bloomer. 
These are some of my bed, not obtained 
because of their special novelty or newness, 
but for their beauty; and then I have gone 
back again to my early love, and got me an 
old ivy-leaved Geranium, and also, to com¬ 
pare with, one of the new ones of its class 
called Bridal Wreath. The flowers of this 
class are not conspicuous, but there is such 
a richness in the foliage that I always love 
to look at it, and everybody wants a little of 
it whenever 1 make a bouquet to give away. 
I find pinching and pegging down all 
classes of bedding plants, such as I have here 
named, with many others, pays well for the 
trouble, in the great addition it gives to ap¬ 
pearance, and in the greater profusion of 
bloom and added vigor and beauty of foliage. 
Vail Flowering Animal*. 
I have found the practice of sowing annual 
seeds in June for late or fall flowering often 
to give me. more satisfaction than those sown 
earlier, and transplanted with a great deal 
of care ami labor. Accordingly, f sent to 
Vick, as being one of the most reliable deal¬ 
ers, and got me a second set of seeds—all 
my earlier purchases being used up, 1 pre¬ 
pare a spot of ground for each batch of seed 
by first digging well; then 1 take away about 
two inches deep of the common good garden 
Boil, and supply the place with light, fresh 
loam, mixed with about ouc-tbird clean sand. 
After sowing, it is a good plan to press firmly. 
Then either place a board over, leaving it 
about an inch above the soil, or set a box 
about four inches high and Covered with 
coarse cotton cloth. The latter 1 like best, 
and as the ground is warm now, the seeds 
start at once, and by shading thus slightly, 
the tops are kept comparatively cooler than 
the roots, and thus the latter gain strength 
to meet the demand of the tops when the 
cover is removed. 
I/unrid Manure. 
I have been using liquid manure, and you 
ought to sec how my flowering plants grow. 
plants in general, thrive best in a moderately 
shaded situation. Geraniums, Jasmines, Helio¬ 
tropes, etc., may be plunged in a sunny situa¬ 
tion, provided they be regularly supplied with 
water. Many species planted for ornament In 
the llowor borders may at the same time be 
propagated by layers. The FwMia or Ear-drop, 
Passion Flower, Heliotrope, Carnation, Petunia, 
running Verbena, etc., will, if laid in June or 
July, exhibit their blossoms in perfection, and 
yield young plants, which, being preserved 
through winter, may be used to replenish flower 
beds the ensuing spring .—Dridijinian. 
It is a work I have to do myself, however 
— can’t hire any man to do it. Even the 
putting up of the leech is beneath the dig¬ 
nity of my hired man. So, I fix the barrel 
myself, provide me with a long handled 
shovel and a box of ground gypsum, and go 
to work, using mainly the contents ot the 
privy. I direct all the chamber-lye of the 
house to be turned thereon from time to time. 
The extract as it comes into the tub, you 
may know is strong; but as 1 use it. I reduce 
by adding plenty of water, and I never let a 
drop fall on the foliage, or even too near— 
say within six or eight inches of the plant. 
I nearly killed some choice new kinds of 
strawberry plants last year by applying 
liquid manure too strong, while some to 
which I gave it freely, but reduced in 
strength as to volume, made most vigorous 
growths and all the new plants I wanted. 
Transplanting Pinks. 
1 have just been dividing and transplant¬ 
ing some seedling pinks grown last year 
from some of Vick’s choice seeds. I had a 
few flowers last year, and splendid they 
were. This year I think 1 shall be willing 
to welcome any one to a view, if they have 
a love of the beautiful. The new classes of 
Chinese and Japan Pinks are full of promise 
and beauty, equaling if not surpassing the 
beauty of the older carnations, and yet in my 
grounds the roots are perfectly hardy, only it 
is wise to split the crown, as it were, after the 
plant has finished its strongest bloom, and 
thus cause it, by adding a little soil, to make 
new roots and diversions. 1 think it is better 
than to divide the root in the spring as 1 
have now been doing. 
Snxlfrngrn. 
Among ray perennials none arc more satis¬ 
factory than the varieties of Saxifragra, with 
their broad leaves and large compact clus¬ 
ters of bright pink or red flowers showing 
in great profusion all during the months of 
April and May. In a little piece of rock 
work, where much of the planting is vines, 
etc., that do not leaf or flower until late, 
these Saxifragra plants make a most capital 
effect. I wonder they are not more com¬ 
monly used. Mine came from Ellwanger 
A Barry, who, 1 suppose, have, without 
: a doubt, the best collection, commercially 
speaking, of perennials of any bouse or gar¬ 
den in this country. 
Chart,eb Downing lmd the best collec¬ 
tion in this country, and I used to get glow¬ 
ing pictures in words of the beauties in his 
garden, and sometimes plants, on which now 
I look and remember his kindness as I ad¬ 
mire their beauty; but Charles Downing 
is a grower no more, Now, however, we 
shall use him freely for questions and advice, 
as he comes among us, from time to time, 
the traveling lover of Flora and Pomona; 
and always welcome will lie be, for so it is 
written everywhere by all my correspondents, 
from Maine to Utah. Frank Amon. 
Another one, equally compos mentis, has j 
absolute faith in live fences. While a 
third party would be perfectly willing to 
compromise the matter, using hedge for the 
outside, especially the highway, and wire 
for the inside fences. Of course no one man, 
or set of men, not even excepting the grace¬ 
ful President of the Farmer’s Club that holds 
its weekly sessions in the great, metropolis, 
can give a bill and final decision to this 
paramount question. “ Live and learn.” In 
this way every man that truly lives and tries 
to solve Lhe problem may do it for himself, 
and then when he undertakes the task of 
cither constructing a wire fence or raising 
and training the hedge, he has a perfect ideal 
of the same when he stretches the first wire 
and sets the first plant. 
In conclusion, 1 must say that I have read 
with much Interest eveiy line that has been 
written in the Rural on the subject of live 
fences for several years; and one. year ago 
ventured to set an Osage hedge, about thirty 
rods long, in front of my peach orchard. I 
cut off the one-year-old plants when I set 
them, leaving about six inches below the 
crown and two inches above. This produced 
Rubbing Bud«.—Again I have been In my vine¬ 
yard rubbing buds—tor some will get overlooked 
at the IIrst rubbing, and then again a second ex¬ 
amination sometimes satislies us that possibly 
we have left too many; and if now we take 
them away we Bhull not injure the vine, for it 
may be prett y safely assumed that t lie store of 
food laid up in the bud, during the past year’s 
elaboration of sap. lias been its support to this 
time without auy drawing from the roots: but 
now, as soon as the foliage acquires full, or 
nearly full size, the roots are called upon, and 
any leaves we permit to grow uselessly are just 
so "far a detraction from the supply of the use¬ 
ful, and an evidence either of our want of 
knowledge or neglect.— Frank Amon. 
Arborifitltef 
The Rose Bug Among Grapes.— Mr. P. B. FOL- 
i.ansueu writes the New England Fanner that 
he entraps rose bugs in this wise;—Among his 
four or five hundred grape vines he has planted 
twenty rose bushes for the purpose of trapping 
The bug. whose preference for the rose is indi¬ 
cated by its name. On these roses t lie bugs clus¬ 
ter, often iu groat numbers, and both roses and 
bogs can be readily picked early in the morning 
Into a pail of water, and in this way the grapes 
are protected with little labor, and in a few 
years nearly all the rose hugs may be extermi¬ 
nated. ^ ^ _. 
TREE PLANTING, 
urge on the good work. If every farmer 
would only plant a tree every year for him¬ 
self, his wife and each of his children, the 
world would be a good deal better for bis 
having lived in it, and his farm would be 
growing in value while he was sleeping. 
Mohegan’s ideas are all good, except the 
set ting out in the fall. If that mode of plant¬ 
ing succeeds with him, well and good, but it 
cannot be recommended in the Northwest. 
Our winters are too bleak, and our winds 
too keen and dry and cutting. Many more 
trees, thus planted, would die than live. It 
is altogether different in the South. There 
trees of all sorts must be set out in the fall, 
for the springs are so short and the summers 
so long, that the top burns up before the 
roots get sufficiently established, if planted 
in spring, to supply the former with the nec¬ 
essary fluids to preserve life. 
Forest, or grove planting, is every way 
preferable and more profitable than setting 
out along roads, lanes and boundary lines, 
so generally, if not universally, practised 
in the Northwest. Especially should this 
be done on the north and west sides of 
orchards and vineyards to the extent of six 
hundred or one thousand feet;, or three to 
five acres wide, and as long as necessary. 
Planted closely, or five to ten feet apart, the 
trees grow up tall, without a limb, for many 
feet, and nearly of the same diameter for 
thirty to sixty feet high. They may be 
thinned out to advantage every year after 
the fourth, beginning with hoop poles and 
grape stakes, and going on, year by year, to 
fence posts, railway ties and building timber. 
Set out thirty or more feet apart, the same 
Growing Grape Seedlings.— Will some one give 
information about growing grapes from the seed 
up to the time they bear fruit? Last season I 
grew some sixty or seventy seedlings from ten 
or twelve different kinds, and about July, as the 
seeds came through the earth and made one and 
two leaves, they would seem to rot oil at the 
surface; and some would commence half an 
inch below the surface and the plant die. I ex¬ 
amined to find the cause, but could And none. 
They were grown in boxes, with about one foot 
of soil in them.— J. J. s. 
Black-Knot In Plum Trees.— E. BUCKLEY, Sul¬ 
livan Co., N. Y., writes:—“My plum trees, like 
many others in this vicinity, are covered with a 
species of black-knot, which kills the trees soon 
after its first appearance. How can Itbe avoided 
and how rid the trees of it?" The host thing to 
do in a/1 eases is to cut tiff the diseased twigs, (if 
it appears on twigs,) aud burn them up as soon 
as the disease appears. And if this is done early 
in July in 3 r our latitude, it will prevent the dis¬ 
ease spreading. It should not be delayed longer. 
Stripping Vine* of Leave*.— At a recent meet¬ 
ing of the Mississippi Valley Grape Growers’ As¬ 
sociation this subject was discussed. Mr. Ma¬ 
son thought he hud prevented t he Concord from 
bursting, and prolonged the season of ripening 
by stripping leaves from the vines. Mr. Eisen- 
meyek was opposed to si ripping leaves from the 
vines—believes it will impair their vitality. Dr. 
Claogett thought Mr. Mason’s vines had been 
enfeebled by stripping them of leaves. It was 
stated that Mr. Mason only strips the leaves off 
the bearing wood. 
Peaches Blossoming.—A diversity of opinion 
exists in regard to this question, “Will peach 
trees blossom when the bud is killed in the win¬ 
ter?’’ Please answer in the Kuual.— Moses 
Kiser, Album , 1mi. 
If all the blossom buds of a tree have been 
hilled, it cannot blossom; but it is often the ease 
that only a portion of the buds on a tree are 
killed and the balance develop. It is also ti*ue 
that a tree may bloom and yet produce no fruit. 
Some Questions from Fort Lyon, Colorado 
Territory.—1st. In planting an orchard in an 
irrigating country, which ig best, seed or young 
shoots? Ana—By all means plant young trees. 
;’d. Can good fruit be raised from seed with¬ 
out grafting? A ns.—Yes; but the chances are, 
say one iu one thousand. 
3d. How many years after planting seed will 
the trees bear fruit ? Ans .—In your soil and cli¬ 
mate, probably a majority of seedling apple 
trees would produce fruit iu three to four years. 
4th. At vvliat distance apart should the trees be 
planted iu order to thrive well? Ans. If you 
wish to fruit seedlings before transferring them 
to the permanent orchard, then plant iu rows 
four feet apart and the trees three feet in the 
row. If you wish to plant at once in the perma¬ 
nent orchard, then plant them ten feet apart 
each way; and, as the trees glow, fruit and be¬ 
come too thick, remove, transplant and cut 
away every other one according as they seem to 
want the room. 
A Grape luseet.—Will you be kind enough to 
give me, through your columns, a recipe for the 
destruction of a small insect that infests young 
The insect 
leaves and branches of the grape ? 
very closely resembles the common flea in ap¬ 
pearance, save the color, which iu this case is a 
light brown instead of black. There is another 
difference between it and the flea, viz., it is a 
very sluggish insect. My grape vines are inf este 
with the above insects. — Subsckiubr, AUmuh, 
April, 1809. 
---- 
Vineyard* in France.— A Paris correspondent 
of the California Farmer says:-In 1788, the area 
of the vineyards in France was 3,333.411 ucies, 
at present, there are 5.682,353. The mean average 
yield of wine is 308 gul'ons per acre, valued at 
one franc the gallon in the Bordeaux district, 
the yield is about one-third more in monetary 
value, in Burgundy, and double in Champagne. 
If Green-house Plant* be Plunged into the 
flower borders in the month of May, they will 
not only tend to ornament, the garden by their 
diversity of foliage and blossom, but the roots 
will receive a more uniform supply of moisture 
than if the pots were exposed to the sun and 
wind; care should, however, be taken to give 
the different species a situation suitable for 
them. Hydrangeas, Prim ulus, Daisies, Olean¬ 
ders, Camellias, China Roses, and half-hardy 
