large quantities of oxygen from the air, by 
which the alcohol is rapidly oxidized. 
When the charcoal has been in use for live 
weeks it should be again heated in a covered 
crucible. 
Paper from Water Pice. — The Portland. 
Me., Advertiser was a few days since printed 
on paper made of a kind of material never 
before used in the manufacture of paper, 
Zizania aquation, or water rice. It grows iu 
great abundance in many places in the 
Northwest, and the Advertiser predicts a 
great, reduction in the price of paper in the 
use of it. All which may be true, but wc 
doubt the fulfillment of the prophecy. For 
years we have heard of the to be great re¬ 
duction in the price of paper by using straw, 
wood, corn husks, and various plunts iu its 
manufacture, but. the “ good time coming” 
seems as distant, as ever. 
Why Run Up Stairs ?—We do not run in 
the street, nor in the yard or garden; why 
then run up stairs, and then complain that 
the stairs are so high ? Now, there is really 
but little more difficulty in ascending several 
flights of stairs than there is in walking a 
straight lino, provided wo take sufficient, time 
to do it, which should he about t wice as long 
as wc should be in walking the. same dis¬ 
tance in the street. Walk up stairs slowly; 
rest, at each landing; again walk steadily; 
and you will reach the top flight without ex¬ 
haustion or fatigue.— S. Piesse. 
The Celebrated Diamond Drill is to be put 
into operation in Colorado this year. Prof. 
Whitney has contracted to bore eight hun¬ 
dred fcet, into Fletcher Mountain, Summit 
county, and expects to do the work in thirty 
or forty days. The hole is to he six inches 
in diameter, and will pierce some leads 
1,200 feet deep. 
Carbolic Acid, it. is stated, can be deodor¬ 
ized. T wo parts by weight of gum camphor 
arc mixed with one part of crystallized car¬ 
bolic acid. After this compound has been 
well rubbed together, it, is mixed with whit¬ 
ing, and in that form is said to be a valuable 
disinfectant and a good protection to furs in 
summer. 
Boyd Sled net, — The boyish test of good 
steel or good tempered steel blades, made by 
breathing on the polished surface, and noting 
the time of the evaporation, has lately been 
claimed by a prominent English mechanic to 
be founded on correct, principles. 
health}’' climate, must be seen and felt to be 
fully understood. Here is an unlimited free 
range, where winter feeding is very light, 
and consists of cheaply raised grain and 
provender. Here apples, peaches and grapes 
grow on the same farm to perfection. 
Neither stock nor fruit are liable to any dis¬ 
ease. Cattle can be raised cheaper here for 
the Southern market, than anywhere else, 
not too remote. No other section can com¬ 
pete with it in cheap wool growing, unless 
it is Texas, and even there, it is doubtful. 
There is no place in the Union that, cau raise 
■winter apples as cheaply for the Southern 
market. Its long summers are cool, and 
winter fruit keeps well. 
This land was practically given away, by 
the State of Tennessee. Consequently it 
fell into speculators’ hands, and not, being 
adapted to slave labor, the price is merely 
nominal. There have never been any Ku- 
Ivlux outrages in this region, and all are 
peaceable and friendly. Having traveled 
one thousand miles on horseback, six hun¬ 
dred of which were in the eastern halt of 
Tennessee, I speak from personal knowledge. 
I have no “ ax to grind.” I own no land 
there, but expect to, and will make it my 
home. It is the place tor stock and fruit 
growers. Persons asking questions should 
send stamp. L. Harrod Bell. 
Carmichaels, Penn., 1860 . 
timtiftc nnb Mstfnl 
nicfon from which tjvo of us partook honrtily three 
different, linn**, amt then threw more than half of It 
away because It became Hour. I have seen the Mr. 
CLARK K rot erred in above cut lip t.hrou heads of nnb- 
niKe tor sour Rrout which It I (••0 n Hour barrel. Bor- 
ley, and, in fact, all at the cereal*, produce splendid 
crops. The corn - rop alone is a (allure, tint whether 
that is because they plant, the small kind known In 
1> " W Mexico, where the need nlinns from, ns squaw 
corn, or whether ltd* attributable to the sod, t ..an¬ 
nul say Von will Inku lulu consideration the ruet, 
utattn Colorado affrlotiltiire Is an ret, lu its infancy, 
and the people there have been more Interested In 
•le.voloplin u>e mineral t han t lie :i«rlciiltnral returnr- 
ees of the conn try ; yet I do not thick II nimufe to 
say that lu agi'lCuUnml resources Colorado, and, iu 
tael. it,,, enltro eastern slope of the Hierro Mnrire, 
will compare li<vorah|y with thu sumo dl-Kroea of 
latitude on t he western slope. 
A Big Ea». ,lnu\S aiirkll, Brooklyn, N. Y., 
sent the Club an obit, With the following note: 
'I lie epm sent herewith was produced by a lion 
two years (dd, which was a rmss between a Dorking 
w"! l *" w ‘ w,, dKhs ttirre and a half ounces. 
We cet.rn a,, avcriiRe four such ._■**« n week. The 
best fowls t ever rawed were a from a liorkiuir 
oIVo T bidluu fowl. They are first-class Du tho 
table, HtroiiR and vkoroilH to raise, ami are «dod lav- 
era. A pullet which I raised produced elJhly-fottr 
<*KKH In as many days. They wore from three and a 
ban to loin ounces each. I purchase all the food 
Tor my pouil ry.and Had It pavsrue pecuniarily as well 
as in the gl'at mention and pleasure of keeping them.” 
!\ew Jersey Coru.r- D.WTL PETIT, Httlom, N. J. 
writes the Club: 
" In your proceedings of May l, L. IT. Ai.iieutbom. 
Pelawnr" Station, N.J., Inquires, What's the matter 
with llio corn Mt cornea up very unevenly with re- 
Kurd to time ; that that comes up latest looks rouble 
ami unhealthy, line by the time of the hud plowing 
is nut more than sU inches high, the cud* ,d the 
leaves dying, nml 0,1 helm; pulled up a few slender 
roots are found near the.surface of the ground. As 
I have had experience with corn answertiiR to the 
above description, permit me to offer :t few remarks 
thereon will, ,/ remedy for the future. This appear- 
unco, with the result described, rarely happens on 
sod ground or on sandy land, but prevails (inland 
that has been one year or more under cultivation. 
Manure will not, remedy it, ns hits been suggested, ns 
I have tried manuring In the hill without uflbct, nor 
Is It caused here by worms, as A. H. Kt l.l.r.R says. 
I lie real cause la planting sitel, land too ourly , when 
cold mill wet weather Comes at. the time, or soon 
aTter, the corn comes up lousy at the roots, from 
which if rarely recovers. The roots that are lousy 
d o in time, which effects the leaves ns described 
above, and unless the corn Is hilled and Is followed 
by wet, weat her to enable It to seud out. higher roots, 
the eori, nniy ,is well bo plowed up. 1 once bad a. 
small Held of stalk-ground well manured In till* lull 
and planted early with corn, which came up so lousy 
at, the roots that the crop failed entirely Next year 
I llltl III d I f I UIVIlll, 111*..., ...Ok It... . .. ,1. * 
isnts$10tt6 
SNAKE POISON. 
NEW YORK FARMERS’ CLUB 
lx the last volume of “ Transaetions of the 
Royal Society of Victoria,” published at 
Melbourne, there was an account of Dr. 
Halford’s interesting researches into the 
nature of the changes produced in the blood, 
by the poison of snake-bites. The doctor 
worked with the microscope, satisfied him¬ 
self that there was a change, and described 
it, and has since had an opportunity of test¬ 
ing his theory and his antidote. 
A man working on a railway was bitten 
by a snake ; ere long drowsiness came on ; 
medical assistance was obtained, but, by the 
time it. arrived, the man was comatose, and 
his lower extremities were paralyzed. Dr. 
Halford was then summoned by telegraph ; 
lie made an incision in a vein, inserted the 
point of a syringe, injected ammonia diluted 
with water; and the effect produced is de¬ 
scribed as “ mar vein us and immediate." 
Thu man became conscious, steadily re¬ 
covered, and became quite well. Henceforth 
let all people who live in districts infested 
by poisonous snakes, remember that am¬ 
monia Injected into a vein is the remedy for 
a bite. 
This we find in the Eclectic for May, and 
it is undoubtedly an interesting item worthy 
of being generally known. In so hopeless a 
matter as the bite of a deadly snake, every¬ 
thing should be tried which gives any color 
of hope. But people living in rural districts 
ought also to understand that, injection into 
a vein is not itself a safe operation in other 
than professional hands. A single bubble of 
air inadvertently thrown iu may take away 
life instantly. 
Ammonia has long been used as an anti¬ 
dote in biles and stings; its effects are almost, 
magical if applied to the stings of bees and 
wasps, and it should be always at hand in a 
family for the purpose. But we have some 
doubts about its value in eases of rattle-snake 
poison. A recent investigator declares that 
this venom produces iu the system a rapid 
growth somewhat like the yeast plant, and 
that, neither boiling nor the strongest acids 
are capable of destroying its energy .—Church 
Union. 
tVn continue our notes on the sayings anti 
doings of this distinguished body of scientific 
agriculturists. 
•Striped Bug* on Vines,— Edmund BOTCHER, 
Horneiisville, makes his vine hills ten inches in 
diameter, plants the seed in a oirelo arid plants 
four or live beans In the center ol’ the bill, 
lings do not trouble the v ines, and t he beans are 
cut away when the vines are out of the way of 
the pests. D. Carpenter, forest Grove, N. J., 
puts freshly pulverized charcoal on tho hill 
when ho plants the seed, and when the vines 
appear dusts them with the same as often as It i.-t 
washed off. It is sure to stive his vinos, and does 
nnt hurt them. E. I). Benedict, Fail-port, N. V., 
saturates corn cobs with coal tar am! places (hem 
on tho hill close to the vines and tho bugs do not 
trouble the latter. 
Lire on tattle.— Edmund Rtttcher feeds a 
horso or cow a tablespoon I'ul of sulphur in any* 
feed twice a week three or four weeks and tho 
lice arc sure to “ skedaddle.” 
Ticks on 8hc«jt. Mr. Butcher feeds, in tho 
fall, Ills sheep with sulphur, mixing a tablespoon- 
ftU of it, with a pint of feed. Feeds them twice 
a week for three or four weeks, and at. shearing 
time no ticks are to be found 
Yellows on Peach Trees, 
I>. Carpenter ap¬ 
plies it tublcspoonful of salt, and equal parts, by 
weight, of saltpeter and potash combined, to 
diseased trees, by mixing It. with the soli, using 
a hoe, about eight inches from tho trunk of each 
tree, from the tirst. to the tenth of August. Bays 
it destroys the insects which cause the yellows. 
Gave an illustration of its success that had come 
within his knowledge. 
Borer*.—D. Carpenter makes a little bag, puts 
a piece of soap in it, and securely fastens If to 
tho llrat crotch of the tree. Tho rains dissolve 
lltcsoap, and tho alkali runsdown tho trunk and 
repels (lie insect. Mr, Peters bad known of to¬ 
bacco leaves being used in the same way wit It 
asserted success. J. Saylor, Allegan, Mich,, ex¬ 
poses Itls peach t rees at t he point of union of 
root.and trunk, by hauling the earth away from 
them, and thus saves Ills orchard ; but he watches 
them closely, and digs out. any one which ho secs 
has got a foothold. 
Zinc Ml I Upon*. YV. II. Bhrpttbrd, Randolph, 
N. V asks if it is safe to use zinc pans for milk, 
anil whether they will Iasi, as long os I.in for that, 
purpose. Mr. Peters says zinc makes a good 
pan, and there is no danger in using it. The Pro¬ 
fessor of Chemistry tried to show by scientific 
logic that zinc could not bo as good as tin for 
such use. D. li. llttUEN recommended glass pans 
as best. 
Heeding Bolt Opcninga without Plowing_C. YV. 
Seaman, Kenosha, VVls., wants to seed an oak 
opening with fa,me grass without, plowing, and 
asks if it can be done. T. <'. Peters says sow it, 
with bltie grass seed in September and harrow It 
in, and there will be no difficulty. 
Onion Wcedcr, A. M. Knapp, Pouitnoy, Vt, 
has an aero of onions, and wautsan onion wond¬ 
er, but, don't, know which is the best one, nor 
where It can bo obtained. Asks also If if will 
pay him to gel. one to cultivate his acre of 
onions. A reputable and veracious gentleman 
named Lyman said ho hail recently ylsitcd 
YVcthersflcld, where they have been cultivating 
onions slime L’oi.um bus discovered America, anil 
he learned that it. requires eighty days’ work to 
cultivate one aero by hand; but. by the use ol 
wonders only fifty days’ work are required—sav¬ 
ing t.hiriy. lie infers, therefore, that It will pay 
Mr. Knapp to buy an onion weeder. The well 
known a version of the members of tho tint) to 
grindinganybody'.sax prevented the minting of 
the implement Mr. Knapp needs. 
Scare-Crow*,— Dr. Adamh, Bridgeport, N. J., 
asks what, is tho most effective scare-crow, aside 
from a man with u shot-gun. Prof. Peters said 
ho had no difficulty iu saving his plants from 
being pulled by scattering a peck of com about 
upon the surface of the Held. The humane and 
gracious Commander of tho Club Commended 
the practice. Mr. Fuller, says farmers in his 
neighborhood stretch twine across the field and 
are not troubled. 
Dincused Sweet Potatoes. Dr. A DA MS informs 
the Club that there Isa now disease affecting tho 
sweet potatoes In New Jersey, lb! does not de¬ 
scribe It, but thinks it due to the exhaustion of 
the elements iu the soil necessary to the develop¬ 
ment of the tuber. 
To Destroy Field Mice.—Dr. Adams asks what 
is the most effectual moans for destroying field 
mice. Mr. Peters replies, skunks. 
Blrnwberrlca from Tenneace were exhibited, 
tho grower stating that he was told that YY'tl- 
sott's Albany Sir;,,wherries could not bo grown 
there—that tho climate was too hot for them. 
But. ho had found no difficulty in growing them. 
Mr. Fuller asked why the Southern grown 
strawberries were uniformly so much smaller 
than tho Northern grown. Nobody could give 
a reason, though several gentlemen denied that 
they were smaller. 
Colorado Fruits.—A. O. McGrew, Colorado, 
writes: 
I snatch a moment from my usual busy time to en¬ 
ter my protest agauiHt Mr. 1’ULl.Eli s assertion that 
what he styles " thu Alpine or overhearing straw, 
berry " is not prolific, 1 fear that ills statement to 
that effect Is not based upon the results of expe¬ 
rience. On the contrary, my experience hat) taught 
mo that any fruit.hearing plants, hushes or trees 
that urn indigenous to the Soil arc almost, If nut 
always, prolific. I also desire to sat a word tu rela- 
CONCERNING EAST FLORIDA. 
I bee an article on Florida in the Rural 
of May 1st, by P. Barky', and as it is likely 
to lend others astray, notwithstanding he is 
entirely correct, l have taken the liberty of 
giving you and him also a correct statement 
of Yvhat tliia part of Florida is. A great 
many persons have come to this State with¬ 
out knowing anything about it, There is 
no land on tho St. .John’s River, with few 
exceptions, that is good, and persons infer 
that it is a sample of the country. But had 
the land on that fine river been good every 
acre would have been in cultivation long 
ago. Planters did not view them as good, 
and came out in the interior, Yvhere I think 
lands are as good as can Yvell bo found any¬ 
where. 
I have been planting, for seventeen years, 
cotton, corn, sugar cane, oats and, on oc¬ 
casion, an acre of wheat, ns an experiment, 
and these have done Yvell ; also all root crops 
and vegetables. 
I have four hundred and sixty acres of 
land, and I yvouIcI take one-third of what 
one acre will make in one year planted in 
cane, for the place, per acre. I only make 
this statement to show you what I know 
can be made from cane on the place. These 
are the Hammocks, high dry binds. This is 
qlso the finest peach county that I know of, 
and hut, for the last cold winter we soon 
would have had an abundance of the sweet 
orange. I know that I never can derive any 
great benefit from my place, and I think 
there arc many others in my condition. I 
have no means of carrying on my place, for 
1 am broke; and it is a pity that such lands 
as these should not bo in cultivation. 
We have fine lakes that abound with fish, 
and the waste lands with game, are but a 
few hours’ride from us; and wo are only two 
hours’ ride from the steamboat, landing, 
where I would like to meet, any gentleman 
and take him around through the rich land 
of this section of the country. The best 
time to see the crops will be in July or 
August; therefore those wishing to see this 
country had better come then. There is not 
the danger of getting sick by moving about 
through Ihc country. 
I forgot to mention above that our country 
abounds in marls, muck, and many other 
fertilizers; also stone, Yvhich we use for 
building chimneys and even houses. Wild 
luuits, such as grapes, the black whortle and 
gooseberry abound. Water of different kinds, 
sulphur, iron, lime, and freestone is plenty. 
There are the best chances for investment in 
lands in this State at present. j. w. j. 
Ocala, Marion Co., E. Fla,, May, 1869. 
without! cost, Tluj runic,ly Is to plant later." 
A.iH, Fuller said Unit, the foregoing was just, 
such a report as he should expool from u section 
where farmers advocate and practice Rhftilow 
plowing. Every gurdonar knows that stunted 
plants are liable to become lousy; and where 
they do, It, is a sure sign of poor or shallow soil. 
Of course Into planting Is Mr. Petit's remedy; 
ho has to wait, until the water has evaporated 
out of tho soil. Mr. Cavanaoh aald that wher¬ 
ever plants were diseased aa the gentleman had 
described, deop trench plowing and liberal ma¬ 
nuring would cure II. of such sickness. 
English Sparrow*. |>r. IIALLEGE had been re¬ 
quested to risk when) and of whom these English 
Sparrows could bo obtained cheaply, as they 
were wanted in the country to destroy the cur. 
rant worm. Importers asked three dollars per 
pair for them, which was an extortionate price 
to pay. Mr. Cavanaor said if people would ho 
patient they would soon enough he cheaper. 
They are a groat pest In England, and will soon 
become such here. Dr. Trimble said (hey were 
no moro protection against the currant worm 
than our common sparrow. Chickens in the 
garden are a bettor remedy. Pass along tho 
bushes, and with a cane or slick jar tho worms 
Off nn the ground, and the chickens will pick 
them up. [An efficient, remedy is to dust tho 
bushes with white hellebore when the dew is 
on. It may ho ObCaiuod at the druggists. — Eds. 
Rural.] 
Neglected Apple Tree*. A mass Of verbiage 
was read to the Club upon this subject by Dr. 
Smith. After stating the condition of many 
old orchards consequent, upon neglect, and 
stating that orchards ought to bear until they 
are one hundred years old, he urges that be¬ 
cause Roger YVilliamh' coffin was entirely en¬ 
twined in tho mots of trees, and because trees 
in graveyards lloun-h, orchards ought, to be fed 
with animal uutoure. Tu keep insects out of 
orchards ho would keep swine in tit cm. Orch¬ 
ards require more attention than they receive. 
They should not be cropped, and should be fed. 
When old trees die young ones should bo plant¬ 
ed. Tho old trees should be pruned, and tho 
sunlight admitted into their tops. Such worn 
tho practical suggestions. Mr. Peters said 
orchards should not bo cropped, and he hud 
renovated old ones by I ho applieal ion of touched 
ashes in large quantities and chip manure. Tho 
old hark fell off, new hark began to form, the 
trees to grow mid produce large amounts of ex¬ 
cellent fruit. YVhorc orchards are planted on 
potash or soft wilier soils, the trees, after a few 
years, are sure to die, from no defect of lime, 
but luck of nourishment. They must, have lime 
in some shape, and unless in the soil it must be 
given by top-dressing around the tree. Much 
tho best method of feeding trees where lime 
does not. exist in the soil is to place crushed 
bones or coarse bone dust at its root. If there 
is not a supply on the farm or It costs too much 
to get them, the next, best thing is to get the 
Nuvapu guano, which contains about sixty per 
cent. of bone phosphate. This mineral will bo 
found of great benefit, on ull kinds or fruit 
trees or vines, where the soil is not a hard water 
or lime soil. Too much attention cannot, be 
given by tho fruit grower to the nature of tho 
spring water where it Is proposed to plant, trees 
or vines, for no ono thing IS more certain than 
that fruit or vine growing has never been per¬ 
manently prosperous except in a limestone soil. 
Limo is the keystone of the arch iu lruit and 
grape cultivation. It is of no use to plant trees 
or vines where that mineral does not exist in 
governing quantities In tho soil; disappointment 
will follow in tho end attempts made in any 
other kind of soil. 
Dr. Trouble was fearful that, if Dr. Smith's es¬ 
say was to go out unqualified, tho people would 
think it necessary to bury somebody under their 
apple trees. Ho don't, believe formers should 
grow fruit. They won’t, take oaro of their or¬ 
chards properly. They grow other crops among 
their trees. Fruit growing should be left to pro¬ 
fessional fruit growers, who make a business of 
it. lie urged the importance of keeping swine 
in the orchards. And he would not cut off their 
noses either. Let them root. They’ll neither 
harm tho trees nor the soil. And they will destroy 
Insects. 
THE AGE OF OUR EARTH, 
Among the astounding discoveries of sci¬ 
ence, is that of the immense periods that 
have passed in the gradual formation of the 
earth. So vast, were the eyeing of the time 
preceding even the appearance of man on 
the surface of our globe, that our own pe¬ 
riod seems as yesterday when compared Yvith 
the epochs that have gone before it. Had 
yvc only the evidence of the deposits of rocks 
heaped upon each other in regular strata by 
the sIoyv accumulation of materials, they 
alone would convine us of the long and clow 
maturing of God's works on earth; but when 
yvc add to these the successive population of 
whose life the Yvorlct has been the theatre, 
and Yvhosc remains are hidden in the rocks 
into which the mud, or sand, or soil of what¬ 
ever kind on Yvhich they lived,has hardened 
in the course of time—or the enormous chains 
of mountains yvIiosc upheaval divided these 
periods of quiet accumulation by great con¬ 
vulsions—or the changes of a different nature 
in the configurations of our globe, as the 
sinking of lands beneath the ocean, or the 
gradual rising of continents and islands 
above—or the sIoyv growth of the coral reefs, 
those wonderful sea walks, raised by the 
little ocean architects, whose own bodies 
furnish both the building stones and the ce¬ 
ment that binds them together, and who 
worked so busily during the long centuries 
that there are extensive countries, mountain 
clnti ns, islands, and long lines of coast, consist 
ing solely of their remains — or the countless 
forests that have grown up, flourished and 
decayed, to fill the store-house of coal that 
feeds the fires of the human race—if Yve con¬ 
sider all these records of the past, the intel¬ 
lect fails to grasp a chronology of which our 
experience furnishes no data, and tune that 
lies behind us seems as much an eternity to 
our conception, as the future that stretches 
indefinitely before us.— Agassiz. 
THE SOUTH. 
Stock anil Fruit Raising. 
Of the thousands of citizens of the North¬ 
ern States who fire now turning their eyes 
Southward, and, in fancy, building there 
their future homes, from fifty to seventy-five 
per cent, are, at present, either stock or fruit 
groYvcrs. Hence any information on these 
subjects cannot fall to he of interest to a 
majority of the Northern emigrants that are 
to be. 
Daring the past year I have examined, in 
person, those sections in the South that were 
reputed to be best adapted to the above pur¬ 
poses. I have spared neither time, pains 
nor expense Yvhen they would aid in the ac¬ 
complishment of my object, which was: 
to find that section of the Southern States 
Yvhich presents the greatest combined ad¬ 
vantages for successful and profitable stock 
and fruit raising, and which should, at tho 
same time, possess a pleasant and healthy 
climate. AYvare of the difficulties of an 
undertaking that attempted so much, I did 
not promise myself success, hut. merely said, 
” I will try.” The result has surpassed my 
anticipations, and I can now say “ Eureka r 
with satisfaction to myself and confidence 
to others. 
The district possessing these requirements 
and inducements, is the Cumberland Moun¬ 
tain Plateau, in Tennessee ; and the adjacent 
valleys. No other locality in the South 
possesses as many advantages for the above 
objects as this. Certainly none in the 
North or West. I base this statement, not 
only upon what 1 have read, but what I 
have seen during eight years of travel and 
experience in the Middle, Western and 
Southern States. Of the latter I include 
Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, Ken¬ 
tucky, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia. 
In the first four States the most suitable 
localities to be found, are not so well adapt¬ 
ed to these pursuits as this plateau region, 
and they now command a njuch higher 
price. Alabama and Georgia are too far 
South, and not adapted to grass or apples, 
except in the extreme northern counties, 
which are generally too hilly. Western 
North Carolina possesses a similar climate, 
but the surface is mountainous, hilly and 
difficult to farm. It is also very deficient in 
communication. 
The Cumberland Plateau lias been fre¬ 
quently described, but it is not yet appre¬ 
ciated. Its broad and very gently undulating 
surface entirely covered with native grasses, 
its pure air and Yyater, its most genial and 
Roan Mountain, East Tetmussee.— r have heen 
traveling all over the eastern part of this State 
to find a place to locate. The country is indeed 
beautiful, but such natives you never saw! Not 
one house la twenty has a glass window. Houscb 
are made or rough logs and plastered with mud; 
there are no sohools; very few of the grown 
people can read, fewer cau write, and not one of 
thorn takes a paper. I have tried hard to get 
subscriptions for the Rural, showing them my 
own copy, but all to no purpose. They use the 
old bull-tongue plow, and mark off their corn 
land with a shovel plow. It Is just tho country 
for bees, but. no one raises them ; it is a beauti¬ 
ful climate for fruit, but no one has any, and, 
stranger than all, people seem opposed to any 
improvement. But If immigration from the 
North continues as it has begun, things will have 
to change here before long. F. A. Rew, Jr. 
USEFUL AND SCIENTIFIC ITEMS 
Manufacture of Vinegar. —Dr. Artus has 
discovered a process for making vinegar 
from alcohol, Yvhich he says has proved en¬ 
tirely satisfactory. There is a very general 
complaint that the oxidization of spirits of 
wine in the vinegar process is far from com¬ 
plete, and that the results are not equal 
either in quality or quantity to what ought 
to be expected from the materials employed. 
Dr. Artus takes half an ounce of dry biehlo- 
ritle of platinum and dissolves It in five 
pounds of alcohol; with this liquid lie 
moistens three pounds of Yvood charcoal, 
broken in pieces to the size of a hazel nut; 
these he heats in a covered crucible, and 
afterward puts them in the bottom of a vin¬ 
egar vat. Here the platinum in its finely 
divided spongy state absorbs and 
Need Stirring l'p.— A North Carolina corres¬ 
pondent writes us:—“It js very evident this 
people Yvant stirring up—need more life. I urn a 
‘ Yankee,' and eatno South tAYO years ago. f lose 
all patience with their loose way of doing. I 
think if a little 1 leaven/ In the shape of a few 
enlightened Yankee farmers were thrown in, the 
old North State Avould surprise the natives. 
Why cannot some of those whose heads are car¬ 
ried away by tho current of emigration to the 
West, look this way? Improved land in cheap; 
and so is labor; and both pay immediately." 
