KM 
HOOKS’S BUBAL NSf-YOEEll 
^bccp ttjitsbanbrg, 
II. 8. RANDALL, LL. D., EDITOR, 
Of Coktlaxd Villade, Cortlaso Count,-, New York. 
EAST INDIA WOOLS: 
Their Classilient inn by the Treasury 
Department. 
Our readers will remember that an. official 
decision made by Mr. McCulloch, Feb. 2GUi, 
in regard to the classification of East India 
wools, was published in these columns April 
1 Otlx, accompanied by mi article in which we 
attempted to show that the ruling of the Sec¬ 
retary of the Treasury in the ease was based 
on an assumed principle of classification— 
classification exclusively by blood—which has 
no foundation in the law, aud is in direct 
conflict with some of its provisions. This 
article was forwarded to the present Secre¬ 
tary of the Treasury, and has led to the 
further correspondence subjoined, — which 
exhibits the progress of the case down to the 
present time. 
Before proceeding to this, let us say that, 
whatever the result, there is not the least oc¬ 
casion for the alarm manifested on the sub¬ 
ject by two or three of our wool growing 
correspondents. The decision, stretched to 
the furthest limit, does not embrace any ex¬ 
tensive amount of wool which can find iv 
profitable sale in our markets. Qur greatly 
disturbed friend why signs himself" An Ohio 
M ool Grower,’’ Is informed find, the decision 
inclufieg no " Australian wools,*' no “Cape 
wools," no wools of'Merino blood, "immedi¬ 
ate or remote,” from any part of the earth- 
in short, no wools whatever bill "native 
East India | Hindustan] wools of unmixed 
blood.” It no more “ overthrows tile wool 
tarill ’ than the detachment of two or three 
bricks overthrows a solid edifice. 
We have earnestly combated Mr. McCul¬ 
loch's decision, not so much for its intrinsic 
importance—its importance while limited to 
its present scope—as because it sanctions, in 
our view, an encroachment on the protec¬ 
tive principle of the wool tariff, w hich ought 
to be resisted, first, because it its an encroach¬ 
ment,—and, second, because our enemies, 
if allowed to detach brick after brick, with¬ 
out effectual opposition, will gradually un¬ 
dermine the structure, flow far their first, 
and we trust transient Success, has embold¬ 
ened them to make new efforts, will appear 
in the oorresponden*© below, which we now 
give without further preface : 
Jtlr. Hartley to Mr. Randall. 
Treasury Okuartment, May 5th, I860. 
Sir I have tho honor to acknowledge the receipt 
of your letter of tho 5th ultimo, In which you refer 
to tho decision of tho Department made in the case 
of Ernest neve., on East India Wool. 
Your letter, with I la onelixuvo, was duly trans¬ 
mitted to Georoe W. Bono, ttuq.. of Boston, a copy 
of whose report ilieroon, dated the Itith ultimo, is 
herewith transmitted. You will uoserve that, Mr 
Bond Is or the opinion that tho decision in question 
was perfectly proper. 
I am, very respectfully, 
.J. K. Hartley, 
Asst. Seerutury of tho Treasury. 
To Hon. Henry S. Randall, Cortland Village, 
New York. 
Mr. lioiul t» MtS Hartley. 
Boston, April 12, Mil). 
SlitI have tho honor to acknowledge tho receipt 
of your letter of the nth instant with accompanying 
documents. I see nothing In tho argument of linn. 
II. S. Randall that should lead the Secretary of 
the Treasury to reverse the decision in the Ernest 
11EvE E. India Wool >"ise, ,,n Ilia contrary it ulfords 
strong evidence of its correctness. 
Dr. Randall say* emphatically that sample Si 
“ waa carpet wool." I sent to t ile Custom House and 
obtained tlm sample of Mr. Heye’h wool, and emu- 
pared it anew with each of the No. 84 samples in the 
three cabinets still In my possession, i found that 
each of thorn contained wool more than one half of 
which was equal to Mr. IIkve'S, a small portion 
finer and a small portion coarser, and I therefore 
declare that the wool was properly classed as No. .'1 
by that sample. I submitted these samples to Mr. 
Daniel STA.mpord, than whom no one in this city 
holds a higher position as a wool broker, to Mr. An¬ 
derson, an experienced wool manufacturer of 
Lowell, and lo Mr. Allen Cameron, a very Intelli¬ 
gent manufacturer of Uranlteville, all of whom con¬ 
cur with mo lu opinion and will bts ready to give a 
certificate to that effect if desired, The last two 
named gentlemen are well known by tho Secretary 
of the Treasury. 
I am well aware that it did not occur to Dr. ka.v- 
DALLat the time he proposed the classification after¬ 
wards adopted that it was one of blood, but fre ad¬ 
mits that In my report to the examining committee, 
I stated that tho samples were prepared on that 
theory, and that nobody objected to it, "as Mr. 
“ BOND’S theory had not led him practically to any 
" different result-go far as tils selection of samples 
“ had extended—than would have followed a selcc- 
'* thin on the basis Intended by those wbodrafted the 
*' law.’’ This seems to me a tacit acquiescence in the 
principle and a high compliment to its correctness, 
as tho samples prepared presented all the varieties 
of wool then to be found fn tlio country. 
His argument from the Booth Down wool having 
been placed in both classes laud2,seems Lo strength¬ 
en rather than weaken the theory. Among other 
reasons for which divided classification, he gives 
this, “because a portion ot the cstanllshed Down 
“ varieties do not uniformly produce wool of the 
“ same character." This Is exemplified ru those very 
cabinets of samples, as sample No. 111. Sussex Down, 
Is entered in tho second class, and continued as such 
tiy Dr. Randall and other members of the Com¬ 
mittee, which particular variety, he says, in a note to 
his argument, usually produces clothing wool. Hence 
the necessity for the exception. 
Mr. llACfin. tho Appraiser at Now York, an excel¬ 
lent judge of wool, 1 um aware did Uot think sample 
SI represented Mr. 1 1 eye’s wool This, I think, was 
owing to tho fact t hat the coarse part of that sample 
In Us cabinet happened to be ut the mouth of tho 
cylinder. It was no when ho called my attention to it. 
It Is true tliaL there was not, at tho time the sam¬ 
ples were prepurod, and has not since, to my knowl¬ 
edge, been in the country any of the best quality of 
East India wool. Such was quoted In Liverpool, at 
the lime of -Air. H eye's purchase, at 12 and lid. 
per lb., a price considerably above what 1 suppose 
his cost. 
Dr. Band all asks in one plitcc, "Is It supposable 
“ that any this loin House Appraiser can distinguish 
“ or dcteruilna the actual Mood of there c dels? The 
“Idea Is obviously preposterous. Irt tills, sir, I 
agree with him, as did the (miners of tho bill, when, 
to meet this difficulty, they provided that samples 
should be selected and prepared, which should he 
the s>de guides to govern them in classifying wools 
Imported under the laws. As fur us 1 know, the Ap¬ 
praisers have Invariably referred to Hie decision of 
the Secretory of the Treasury All wools Imported not 
conforming to ihcrr .‘Ampins, or have placed them in 
the iirrt eldsk. leaving it. to the Importers to appeal if 
Hot ssMstieii with their decision. 
Dr Randall thinks the races of the sheep which 
yield the various wools referred to In class .1 are not 
known. For the authorities which governed the 
selection. 1 beg leave, sir. aguin to refer you to the 
article published In the first, number of the Bulletin 
of the Wool Manufacturers' Association, and to my 
letter of dan. HJtJl. 
Could I have an opportunity to Visit AYitsHtngloo 
and examine with you, or some other mil cor df the 
Department, the samples deposited there. l think I 
could make the ground I have maintained portae,tly 
clear, aud render all future decisions rdore easy Tlui 
Angora wools that Dr. R. rctVVs t<>, 1 think yoli would 
then s'ee were as clearly dt the third class as any of 
the OtBetr-A, It liie.ro exists in your mind now any 
dehbt on that point. 
1 remain, sir, 
Yours very respectfully, 
(Signed) Gko. AV'.m. Bond. 
To J. F. Hartley, Esq., Ass't Seo’y of the Treas¬ 
ury, Washington. 
Dir. Knudnll to Mr. Hartley. 
Cortland Village, N, Y„ May 31st, l.m 
J. F. Hartley, Esq,, Assistant Secretary of the 
Treasury: 
Bliti'olirs of the 5th Inst, wns duly received, en¬ 
closing copy of the "report" of huoimlm iv. Bond, 
Esq., of Boston, on my communication id' April Alii 
to the Department <rt relation to the rlaskUlcatldil of 
East India wools, 1 have delayed reply I rig, Wishing 
prUVIrulldy 1,1 eonlpurr sanlples of Air Itr.vM's Wdol 
wtiu tile standard #a triple# lo the New York Custom 
House, side, by «)d0 ‘. but finding that I alqili lie un- 
rthlu td ilo so Tor some time to come, I hog leave to 
9lllimit, tho following aitSwer lo Mr. Bond s report. 
Mr. bond, apparently; mistakes the real ground nr 
objection uiade hy nio to tho ruling 01 Secretary 
MoCr tint ti hi tile rdSt) above alluded to. lie states 
Hint lie compared a sample of Mr. IIeve's wool 
" anew " with some No. HI samples in his possession, 
and “found Unit each of them contained wool more 
" than one-half of which was equal to Mr. I [RYE'S, 
11 a small portion finer, and a small portion courser, 
“and I therefore," ho says, "declare that the wool 
“ was properly classed as No. 3 by that [No. SI] ttum- 
“ pie.” 
Tills entirely rests tho propriety of the classifica¬ 
tion on the character of the wool. Neither here nor 
elsewhere In Mr. Bond's report Is there an attempt 
made to prove that. Mr, Hey k'h wool was entitled to 
ho passed In Ulus* 8, on the score of Wood, Tim 
three experts wliuso opinions he memions as con¬ 
curring with His Own, Judged the question, it ap¬ 
pears. solely from the samples lie submitted TutlWu . 
undone of them (Mr. Cameron) of his own aCcord 
wrote to me. on the uppeiinniee iff uly published ur- 
ttclii on the subject which I onelosed to the Depart¬ 
ment, strongly repudiating Air. Bond's exclusive 
blood theory. 
Indeed, Mr. Bond himself now abandons that the¬ 
ory as exclusively* applicable either to the terms in’ 
the practical administration of the law. lie mioilts 
that, placing Down wools in two illllitrent classes, as 
is done by the express language of the act, consti¬ 
tutes an "exception" to an exclusive blond cliisslllca- 
Hull. And he explicitly declares that lie ' agrees 
with" me that it is " obviously preposterous" to sup¬ 
pose "that uuy Custom House appraiser can distin¬ 
guish or determine thc-’.inimu blood of these wools;” 
and lie admits that the trainers of the law concurred 
In his view, and that “to alert thin ill [Hr. u It. y they pro- 
“ vided that samples should he selected and prepared, 
" which should be llic sole guides In govern them [the 
'■ appraiser', | in classifying wools imported utuler Hie 
"laws." 'This Is an unconditional surrender of the 
ground in dispute. 
Whether Ernest Hkye’s Invoice of wool dhl or 
did not so far Correspond with wimple No. h us to be 
properly Included In the same class, Is not material 
to tho present, Issue; and an erroneous decision based 
on that ground, would establish no erronoous princi¬ 
ple applicable lo other cases. Hut. Mr McCULLOtrl’S 
decision is neither really nor ostensibly placed on 
that, ground. It avowedly ignore* “the question of 
fineness, nr the fact that it [tho wool) can be used lu 
some of the coarse[elolhlugtj manufactures of wool" 
—and consequently ignore* its correspondence with 
the standard samples as eTrcnin -iatiecs which should 
have any effect in controlling its classification, pro- 
vided it is" native East I nrliu wool ofuuuiixed blood.” 
Thus, I respect fully submit, the criteria of elassltlea- 
tlori expressly established by the law in regard to 
Class 3 w ools are abrogated, and special ones substi¬ 
tuted io their place which Hod no mention In the 
law, and which uru calculated to dcleat Its manifest 
objects. 
Mr. Bond now furnishes some new and decisive 
proof ol’the latter fact, by admitting that there are 
“considerably” higher priced and better qualities of 
East India wool than Mr. lbtvn’8 wool, though the 
luttvr, hy his own showing, Is at least equal to sam¬ 
ple HI -the fluent East India wool admitted US carpet 
wool into tho rabinet*. or which, as 1 remarked in my 
former letter, could have been so admitted by the 
consent of those t,» whose examination the standard 
samples were submitted or, 1 will now add. by the 
letter and spirit of the law. Then It is not only a 
theoretical but practical consequence of Mr. McCul¬ 
loch's ruling, that wool conceded to lie “consider¬ 
ably " liner than the finest carpet wool— a fair article, 
doubtless, or Cloth tug wool —may lie entered and 
passed lu Class 3. AVill anyone contend that this 
would be accord Ins tome object or Intent of tho law? 
It has boe/l Clio misfortune at the wool growers ot 
tills country, in times past, that nearly all tariff laws 
Intended for the protection of Lhc.tr industry, have 
been rendered lo a great extent. Inoperative in that 
direction by oltleial decision#, based on real or sum 
posed Haws In the provisions t,,r currying out their 
interests, and by the minniUB and corrupt evasions 
of interested pm ties. The foreign competing wools 
subjected to higher duties have been, by theso 
means, habitually slid down Into classes paying low¬ 
er. If not the lowest, duties. The Act or March 2d. 
18(17. established a system of classification which, by 
common consent among those most versed In Its 
workings, is definite and intelligible , and its execu¬ 
tion was rendered poeullji'ly easy and iin.-mbject to 
mistakes by the employment ot the standard sam- 
pfe# then first provided for A,, nor wool tariffs. These, 
fact# were amintted b.v tne (Voverninent wool ap¬ 
praisers. By permission of the Department, com¬ 
mittees of the National Wool Growers’Association 
examined the wool appraisers' departments In tho 
Now York and Boston Custom IloiiHOs In 1807 aud 
ISOS. They compared the samples of all tun invoices 
which bad mien passed with the standard sain pica, 
noting the duties levied in each case , and they came 
to tlie conclusion that tho appraiser# bud correctly 
discharged their duties and that the law had been 
faithfully executed. This state of thing# continued 
about two years. No flaw, nr loop-hole for evasion, 
had been found in the wool tariff. But tho woolen 
trade of the country bad scarcely commenced to re¬ 
vive from its long and disastrous depression—cloth¬ 
ing wools mul scarcely begun to raise In price—before 
experiments were renewed in thn old sliding down 
process, by attempting to introduce certain course 
descriptions of clothing wool* from Hindustan and 
elsewhere, under the names and duties of carpet 
♦All concede, of course, that the classification is 
founded in part on blood—i. e. in all cases whore the 
law no prescribes. 
+ 1 Insert the word “clothing,” as evidently im¬ 
plied by the context. 
wools Tho attempt failed Iti both the New Vtirk and 
Hosted Oilslonl Houses. The appraisers met tlHsir 
duties lll'nily, arid decided that these wools wdfd 
filler than any described or designated hi Class 3, and 
therefore fell Into Class 1 by the last clause of tlib 
Jaw describing that class,— as well as by the pro¬ 
visions ul §Cethlu aoili, ol I lie Act qf A iiiriint 3(lth 1.M42J 
Then it was til ut thn threw of class! ttoutlon ex 
clilslvely By blood came Into requisition. The bear¬ 
ing of tin- ItKY E case was ex parte,- -or, at least, tho 
parties at, Now Vork and Boston, whom Air MCCUL¬ 
LOCH say# lid corresponded with, included, ll i# be¬ 
lieved, no wool producers. Ho find thought them 
worthy or a bearing on the selection or tho standard 
samples, and on other occasions w here their Interests 
Were particularly concerned. Partly from these 
facts, and more particularly from the tenor of his 
letter to Collector hmvtiih containing the decision, 
t Infer that he Was unaware that he vrns rstahUslilrig 
arty new title (if clksSltloatlort; or extending nil ex¬ 
isting oho, blit was led to Suppose that he wad tuefety 
deciding on tin* application, in a particular case, of 
one which had been, ns he says, “agreed to" agreed 
to Jte doubtless means bv rfie Tranters of tho fuw. 
find, Ihrough them, by tin! lutefFslH they represent¬ 
ed Otherwise, w hy is this assumed dyreemout, uifd 
tho assumed reason which led to it, made I ho sole 
ground of tho dictum—without the least attempt to 
show that, the supposed rule u* deduct bln directly or 
impliedly from the terms of the law t 1 assorted lu 
my letter of 5th ultimo, that no #ueh agreement — 
whatever Its effect might, be ever took place he- 
t woon the framers of the law or those they repre¬ 
sented ; and Mr Bond to some extent admits, and In 
no respect denies, this statement. And on the sub¬ 
ject of the deducibility of the rule from the law, I 
respectfully refer you l" the same letter, 
Although I have waived as Irrelevant to the ques¬ 
tion of classification by blood, the fuel whether Mr. 
IIeye'h wool belonged toClttss3h|/cri®r«Cf<’(\ H Isnev- 
orthelcHH a subject of liileraftt in other and obvious 
connections. 1 have examined a large sample of Mr. 
11 kv h'u wool, and though i bis was done apart from 
Die standard samples, I did not entertain a moment's 
doubt that it represented none of the carpet wools 
described or designated in the law, or other wools of 
similar eharaetor - anti was essentially and on its 
fueeaccurst! cldthhuj Wdol. Nov <i,i | think the points 
of 0(i n! path oil between It and sample (11. taken Vre J 
clichj us slo ted hy Mr. BOND, would neeesminly estab¬ 
lish a contrary conclusion. Ilo does not, sav that the 
portions of the former respectively Doer and coarser 
than the latter, were, equal in quality; and if they 
were, un equality In average fineness doc* not neces¬ 
sarily constitute the "like character" required by 
tho letter and Intent of the law, uur applicability to 
like uses. 
In Justice to Appraiser BAt'HH 1 cannot forbear 
saying that Mr. BOND’S conjecture that when the 
former olllclally classified Mr, 11 ky E's Wool, (and we 
must suppose during nil ihe subsequent investiga¬ 
tions on the subject growing out. of tho appeal from 
Ills decision,) he was inbdwd by the fact ** UuU the 
coarse part of the sample (81,J In IDs cabinet hap¬ 
pened to bo at the mouth of the cylinder” —a cylin¬ 
der of highly transparent glass — will, I apprehend, 
excite a smile among those acquainted with tho 
nflluhll habits of that eminently sliilll ill and Vigilant 
officer. And nil* we to supposi', too, Hull, the other 
experts of New Y ork, called upon specially by Air. 
McCULLOOn to give their opinion in a contested 
ease, likewise restricted their attention to thn wool 
at. the mouth of the cylinder .* 
Already Mr. BOND proposes to lake other wools 
officially adjudged In the Unstoin Houses, and ordi¬ 
narily believed properly to belong In Chius 1, out 
of that class, and lo plnco them In Class 3. Ilo 
thinks It would nnjy he necessary to lutvo an inter 
view with yourself,.Or aoiuu other oflloor nf Hie De¬ 
partment, to enable you to see, for example, that tho 
Angora wools reterred to hi my former loiter, ure 
"us elenrlg of flic third elans as any of the others, 1 '’ 
I confess this opinion, so unqualifiedly expressed, 
fills me with .uirprise; and with all due respect-for 
Mr. Boa o n knowledge us a. wool export, I must take 
the liberty id dissenting from It,and objecting on the 
part of the wool producers of the country, to Its 
adoption by the Department. 
Inasmuch us the fuels (the relative qualities of 
wools) on which rests the propriety of the proposed 
change In the ohieelltcatlan •■( Angora, wools—and of 
all other wools which Mr. Bond or others may at¬ 
tempt to get transferred from Class 1 tol'IiisH 3 do 
not admit of practical denionslratian, I respectfully 
solicit that before such change# arc ordered hy the 
Department, a hearing may be given to experts who 
represent different Interest#—to the friends as well a* 
the enomies of the wool tariff. Till# course was 
adopted by Hie Department in tins analogous case of 
adopting the standard samples. And the wool grow¬ 
ers'and manufacturers' committees, on that occa¬ 
sion, objected lo all the selected samples of one par¬ 
ticular number or variety, mid caused others to he 
substituted and tins occurred lo the rase of a most 
important variety, because, a* .Mr. Bond himself 
slated. It more nearly than any other variety in the 
cabinet# touched the. dividing Hue hr I went carpet tend 
clothing wools. Somo other partial and minor changes 
were also made. To the propriety of all these altera¬ 
tions Mr. Bond assented — thus practically acqui¬ 
escing in the view that the opinions of u body thus 
constituted are entitled to more confidence than the 
opinions of a single side or single Individual. 
I am, very respectfully yours, 
Henry 8. Randall. 
arsnutin# 
PERCHERON HORSES. 
W. Wilkinson, iui English farmer who 
visited France in 18o5, believing there waa 
no better farm horse in the world than tho 
English, in an article in the Journal of tho 
Royal Agricultural Society thus speaks of 
tho Peru heron horse: 
“ These horses, walking so nimbly with 
great loads of stone, were not ao fid, as our 
own favorites, but they seemed to me to he 
doing twice the work, Although leaner, 
they bore the strictest scrutiny; the more I 
saw of them the more ! admired them. 
Meeting Jonas Webb 1 called Ids attention 
to them. He said he had never seen such 
before; he had observed a horse taking to 
the show yard an immense load ol' proven¬ 
der, that astonished him beyond measure; 
he had resolved to buy him, but he lost 
sight of him that day and never saw him 
afterwards.” 
Mr. W. obtained a stallion wliieh he called 
“ Napoleon," of which he says: — “ He has 
been at work oil my farm ever since, almost 
always with mures. T have never had so 
good, quiet,, active and powerful a horse be¬ 
fore. He is unlike our English oart-horscs, 
for Yvitli great size (sixteen and a half hands 
high,) and immense substance, he shows a 
dash of blood, lie lias an Arabian head,not 
small, but of' fine character, well proportion¬ 
ed to his size. Tlxe neck is very muscular 
and well turned, the shoulders large, very 
deep, without lumps on the sides, and ob¬ 
lique, — such a shape as would not bo ob¬ 
jected to fol 1 a riding horse ; the bosom open, 
the fore leg ifmgnitlcdnt and very short, with 
great bodes, hard slflevvs.-flfld little half upon 
them, llis feet are perfect ill shape, iltld pet* 
fectly sound in work; his batfk SliOTI, rather 
flipped, round-shaped ribs, large loins, rather 
plain, drooping hind - quarters, very large 
thighs, low' down, tightly joined together 
with prodigiously powerful clean hocks, and 
very short hind legs well under him. We 
never have had a difficulty with the engine 
or thrasher or with anything in the mud, 
that ‘ Nap’ could not extricate us from, llis 
stock are as good and kind as possible. It. 
is a saying with the men, that 1 Nap’s’ colts 
rteed no breaking. My marcs are small and 
active; the stock are considerably larger than 
the dams, but SO cleanly that as foals they 
look more like carriage horses.” 
--—- 
DAM AND COLT. 
A writer in the American Block Journal 
furnishes some sensible and timely sugges¬ 
tions as follows:—While the colt is sucking, 
the dam should have plenty of good whole¬ 
some food willi eight quarts of oats per diem 
in two feeds, which should lie so placed that 
the colt may eat will) its dam. Turn them 
out as soon as the grass is largo enough; 
they should have a good shed to escape 
storms and tho beating sun; it should be 
sO arranged that there will be no danger 
of hitting Iheir heads lit passing in and out, 
and should have I ho opening so situated that 
the wind cannot draw through it. Ilathef 
than this it should be open on one side. 
The colt at six months old should bo weaned 
by placing it in a box stall. Feed two quarts 
of oats per day at three feeds, varying them 
occasionally with sliced carrots. In one 
month they may he turned out in the lot 
with shelter as before. Two quarts of oats 
should he placed in the shed, equally divided, 
morning and evening. ?V trusty person 
should give them the oats, (if you cannot do 
it yourself,) as many unpleasant tricks are 
letmied thus young. These feeds should 
continue with regularity every day. 
lu the fall the colt should bo taken from 
grass gradually, ut first only nights, then 
part of the day, and soon until the change 
is made from green to dry fodder; then give 
plenty of clean, sweet clover hay, with the 
same quantity of oats as before, sometimes 
changing them for carrots. This will bo a 
plenty' until the colt Is eighteen months old, 
when it. may be increased to three quarts, 
Some, writers say, " You should let tho colt 
grow thin on grass alone at three years.” 
My experience lias been to never let the colt 
grow thin, always keep him growing, and if 
you have followed the foregoing rules, using 
your own judgment, you will have a colt 
that will be a credit to you as a breeder, and 
also a credit to your pocket. 
- +++ - 
Heave# mul Spearmint.—My friend Ed. said: 
“ That old Jack had the heaves one winter the 
worst way. During the hitter part, of winter 
mid spring I fed hay that was cut from a spear¬ 
mint. swale, uud it completely cured him; and lie 
has been used for fifteen years since and Is per¬ 
fectly sound." I commenced to food my Imran 
I lie spearmint last simmior, as soon as it got up 
BO that, t ooiilU get it, and before winter tic was 
nil right, and Is as yet. Juat «lvo what tho horse 
will eat, often. T. Butler. 
Wheat bran, wet with strong smart-wood ten ; 
feed twice a week until a cure 1 b effected. J. w. o. 
A. P. B. asks fora remedy for lionvoB in horses. 
I inclose mine, which is seldom known to fail: 
one ounce anise oil, two ounces tar, two ounces 
laudanum, two Ounces capsicum, four ounces 
antimony wine; to be mixed thoroughly. Dose, 
one tablespoon fill every other night for two 
weeks.—X. B., Home, Oneida Co., iV. Y. 
-*-*-♦- 
Drenching llorsc#.— fu reading a e.onmmiiiea- 
tion from .7. S., I was somewhat alarmed at hav¬ 
ing put over a score of horses and mules lu 
jeopardy by drenching them through tho nose. 
If Mr. J. 8. can cite a single Instance where an 
animal 1ms suffered by the practices while able 
to stand up, I shall he under obligat ions to him 
for informing mo thereof through the Rural, 
mid shall discontinue tho practice. But from 
the phraseology of ins communication, I judge 
(but. his experience is only theoretical. I admit 
that it is unnatural lo be drenched through the 
nose, and so it is to be drenched at all; and also 
for man to swallow un masticated pills. But in 
practising medicine, wo are often obliged to re¬ 
sort. to unnatural means, and the easiest, way Is 
the best when unattended with danger.- II. G., 
Pkarnnt Plain, ()., Man 11. 
To Make u Bulky Horne Draw. — In India, 
where a horse can and will not draw, instead of 
whipping or burning him, as is frequently the 
practice in more civilized countries, they quiet¬ 
ly get a rope, and attaching it to one of tho foro 
feet, one or two men take hold of it, and ad¬ 
vancing a few paces ahead of tho horse, pull 
their best. No matter bow stubborn the animal 
may be, a few doses of such treatment effect a 
perfect cure. 
-- 
Heaves In Horse#, —I send you the following 
recipe, which is supposed to be tho boston re¬ 
cord : One ounce oil tar; one ounce extract lo¬ 
belia; two teaspoonfuls Jamaica ginger. Dose, 
one-half teaspoon ful twice a day In grain.—H. 8. 
Epson, Uletjo, N. Y, 
---- 
Aborting Mares.—Tell your correspondent to 
feed his mare one pint of wheat twice a week, 
which, with caroflil usage, will lie apt to prevent 
her aborting.—J. u. w., Milan, Eric (Jo., O, 
j|be ®jfrtrsnuut. 
yi a 
SOILING STOCK. 
I Conceive it to be of the greatest Import¬ 
ance to tlm farmer of this anil other States 
that the size of farms should he made so 
small that the farmer's capital might cover 
his land, tools, teams and stock, relieving 
him of debt entirely, and that then hisoH'orts 
should ho to keep as much stock and raise 
as great crops from ills fewer acres as he has 
done on a greater number, at. less expense. 
The koj r to all this, in my mind, is that 
the arable land of every farm should never 
he pastured, hut all stock-soiled, with the 
exception of what the rough hill land will 
aifbrd pasturage for. Enough has been said 
of the advantage of soiling to estimate) its 
superiority over pasturage—both in mammal 
resource, saving of cross fences, increased 
quantity of stock, keeping laud loose and 
friable by the absence of tramping hoofs that 
kill grass roots and pack the earth, better 
condition of stock both as to flesh., health 
and lameness, and, lastly, tho sense of 
security the fanner may feel against innova¬ 
tions of roaming herds on his growing crops. 
“ More Anon.” 
- 4~*~+ - 
ABORTION IN COWS. 
Robert MuOlukh, V. S., Philadelphia, 
writes to the Practical Fanner as follows: 
Prof. Gamokk has told the American dairy¬ 
men, in assembly, that abortion in cows is 
produced by ergot (not of rye) of grass or 
com stalks—and ns if to satisfy a doubt., asks 
a bundle of hay hy express tor analysis. We 
happen to know something about giving er¬ 
got to cows, and give Mr. Gam gee the bene¬ 
fit of it, to save himself the trouble and tho 
Agricultural Department the expense of the 
folly, though expressed with all apparent 
sincerity of purpose. If the dairymen be 
desirous of a true knowledge concerning 
this matter, apply to the Secretary of tho 
Highland and Agricultural Society of Scot¬ 
land, or to the dairymen of “ Auld Kekie,” 
or to the ('hat-Moss cow-keeper, a few tuiles 
from Manchester, England, or perhaps not 
so far from homo—un we gladly will show 
day and date of the administration of ergot 
to cows, in all periods of gestation, and how 
it. failed to give rise to abortion. 
How is it that cows kept, not for tho 
amount of milk secreted, hut, as an indispen¬ 
sable animal of the farm for the raising of 
stock, never epizootically abort, and yet tho 
feed of such is of the very kind capable of 
producing ergot? And how is it that tho 
Scottish farmer has tailed of relief by the 
very agencies now so eagerly sought to be 
forced upon the American farmer? This fact 
being so, is it reasonable, or Is it even prob¬ 
able, that by a resuscitation of an exploded 
theory, benefit will he derived? 
Granting, for argument’s sake, that ergot 
is the cause of this post of the dairy, how is 
it that hy good feeding even of this very 
ergo ti zed food, without debilitating slop be¬ 
ing added, cows will not abort? Or what 
antidotal power has iron and gentian root 
over tho uterine function, when excited by 
ergot, to the prevention of abortion ? Nature 
is catholic, and will not accommodate even 
Mr. Gamoke in a metamorphienl change in 
the therapeutic action or chemical affinity of 
drugs; nevertheless, iron, etc., does prevent 
the abortion of cows, as hundreds of cows 
stand witnesses to, the present year. In coun¬ 
ties of Chester and Delaware, Pa. The 
more assertion of persona in brief authority 
and pseudo notoriety avails nothing when 
not satisfactorily authenticated by incontest¬ 
able proof. 
Does Mr. Gamoee’s announcement, serve a 
good purpose? We say no: for hy tho law of 
logic it is already condemned; and, moreover, 
serves to detract from the true cause and its 
remedy, leaving the poor farmer in the 
midst of mists and uncertainty, and the 
dairyman without remedy for losses. 
-- 
Cow# Bucking Thcra#civc*. t have kept a larjfo 
dairy, and houffht tho most of my cows; fre¬ 
quently bought one that, would #uck herself, yet 
1 had n* trouble on that, account. All I had to 
do was to take a tough oak si Ick about, ton iuohes 
long and whittle it to the shape of pattern be¬ 
low, then put the cow In it stanchion, take my 
pocket-knife, run It through her nose Just above 
tho thick out-edge, then run the stick to the 
center-notch, nod let her go. No more sucking 
while the stick remains, which 1 believe would 
last ten years, yot I always cut tho stick out 
in the fall, after she is dry, or nearly so. I have 
not had a cow commence again the next Spring; 
but should she, the remedy is easy, cheap, and 
not cruel to tho cow, for the old hole remains 
good foruuotherutick.il necessary.— J. Smith. 
-- 
Cnliltnga for Cows.—Mr. til BN IE of Springfield 
says: “There has been no complaint in regard 
to taste. Coarse outside leaves will flavor milk, 
but when the whole head is fed, no unpleasant 
result follows. Several of the milk farmers in 
this vicinity have now adopted tho cabbage as 
a soiling crop, with great Btttisfaction. Care 
should bo taken about excessive feeding, as I 
have known two instances whore valuable cows 
have died from over feeding with cabbage.” 
