£CULTUREjH 
EXCELSIOR 
£3.00 PBB YEAR. 
Single No., Eij;ht Cents, 
NEW YORK CITY AND ROCHESTER, N. Y 
41 Park How, New York, 
M Buffalo St., Iloehesier. 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JUNE EG, 18G9 
f Entered according to Act of Congress, in the 
year 1309, by f). D. T. Moore, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for t he Southern DkkkUfNew York'.j 
early pioneers, and from these every 
orchard and garden has its “ wild plum” 
as plenty as other fruits. 
High up on the Loupe fork of the 
Platte, I lirst discovered a little dwarf 
plant, of the cherry family, very prolific 
with fruit and very excellent for a trav¬ 
eler weary, hungry and thirsty. This 
lruif, is also found wild in many other 
sections of the Inland mountain regions. 
The seed was brought to Utah, and the 
trees propagated. English gardeners 
seemed to discover great resemblance 
between tli is fruit and a fruit they called 
|||l in England “ wall cherries.” As the 
jpj plant in its native state is generally 
<M found on sandy hills, it avus also called 
w Sandy Cherry. 4 
This cherry has been crossed with 
| wild plum, producing a dwarf tree with 
I willowy branches, growing upright, as 
much resembling tho plum as the sand 
cherry. Tlie lYuit approaches the size 
of tin*, plum, though retaining the dis- 
X t inet shape, appearance and seed of the 
jjjU cherry. The tasLe is neither plum nor 
n cherry, but a combination of the flesh 
aj and llavor of both, It is very prolific 
f in fruit bearing, and will often so load 
its slender limbs that the weight presses 
the tree to the ground, unless supported 
by a stake for a few years, until tho body 
thickens and becomes strong. It, gener¬ 
ally bears full at a year old; but the 
limbs should be cut in, that it may not 
overload. 
The best plan I have found to make a 
well shaped tree is to bnd it into the 
limbs of a two or three years’ old peach 
tree about four feet from the ground, 
then clip in tho long willowy limbs so 
I they will not reach the ground under 
f their burden of fruit. 
The sand cherry will not grow up¬ 
right., but is a creeping, crawling shrub, 
with much of its fruit when matured 
lying on the ground. It, is cultivated 
: m tho gardens more or less throughout 
this Territory, and is considered well wnrih 
“ WILDER " ■— ” BARRY.” 
Herewith we give engravings of two of 
eleven of Rogers’ Hybrid Grapes, which 
have recently been named by him at the re¬ 
quest of the Lake Shore Grape Growers’ 
Association, and also, if we are not in error, 
of the American Poniological Society. 
“ Wilder,” beret,otore known as Rogers’ 
No. 4, is generally regarded as the best of 
Rogers’ blacks, (dark purple.) is Marshall 
P. Wilder’s favorite, and has received his 
name. It. was produced, as is well known 
to most, pomologists, by crossing a native 
sort with the Black Hamburg. Color dark 
purple; clusters large, frequently with shoul¬ 
ders; berries large; flesh tender, sweet, 
vinous, rich. An early and hardy variety. 
“Barry,” heretofore known as Rogers’ 
No. 43, is a very large and beautiful black 
grape, of fair quality, usually ripe at Roches¬ 
ter the last of September and beginning of 
October. It adheres well to the bunch, and, 
like nearly all of Rogers’ Hybrids, keeps 
well after being gathered. This is an im¬ 
portant quality, which, combined with its 
large size and showy appearance, will make 
it valuable for market. 
This remark applies with equal force to 
several other of the black varieties, viz.: 
Wilder, Merrimack, Essex, Herbert, and 
others not yet named. 
THE CLINTON GRAPE. 
The Clinton is pre-eminently a spring 
grape, keeping till May, and improving with 
keeping. In this respect it surpasses all 
other grapes. The Diana is a good keeper; 
bo is the Isabella and the Catawba, and other 
sorts. But none improves like the Clinton. 
It loses its harsh character, but retains its 
piquancy, and is a sprightly, grateful grape 
to the taste. Its profuse bearing, its hardi¬ 
ness and its susceptibility of improvement, 
make it a desirable grape, and an indispensa¬ 
ble one as a spring grape. It is rather late; 
that is the main objection. It will boar 
manure, or it will grow without. It puts 
forth its shoots early, and shows its clusters 
distinctly. It will bear pruning, but is bet¬ 
ter with less of it. It will bear running 
into a tree, and is just the thing on an 
extended trellis. But to grow it largely, 
large hi the amount of clusters, and large in* 
the cluster, forming shoulders, it must be 
cut back, pruned in the fall, and pinched 
back in the summer. This is required, and 
with other grapes it wants a dry or well 
drained soil. It will bear handling well. It 
is tough—will stand the winter better, per¬ 
haps, than any grape. It need not be taken 
down, but does best on the trellis, fastened 
and primed in the fall as wanted. 
The Clinton is a wild grape, and has bad 
but little cultivation. In the West, where it 
is largely cultivated, it is an important 
(Hogtti-e’ 
the case with moist soil, and with general 
soil. The best grapes in Europe are grown 
on the driest soil, on mountain shelves. 
The Alps thus arc studded with what we 
have as yet failed to reach—a profitable 
grape and wine; there is no improvement 
there, for the limit has long since been 
reached. v n 
nos, etc., and the talk about the apple, or 
kinds of apple, not doing now as well as 
years ago, is all nonsense. It is only because 
the wide-awakes go West and exert them¬ 
selves, while the sloepy-lieada stay home, 
drive their old slow ox teams, go a mile each 
way, back and forth, morning and night, to 
their work, and hang over the gate and talk 
mornings, wondering “ if it’s going to be a 
clear day.” 
The Massachusetts Society would do well 
for fruit growing in New England by pub¬ 
lishing, far and wide, through its borders, 
the report of Mr. Strong. Addi. 
(which is about the hardest thing to dry of 
which 1 have any knowledge,) 1 fixed up 
my hot-bed as described, and the corn was 
gathered from the field, husked, parboiled, 
cut from the cob, placed in the hot-bed, and 
by evening we had the corn as dry as si bone. 
As good dried corn I never saw before; our 
supply lasted two years, and the last was as 
good as the first. 
By this plan you do not have to bo on the 
watch for every little shower and remove 
your fruit to keep it from being wet and 
spoiled; being covered with glass, the water 
will mn off, and as soon os the sun comes 
out the drying process is resumed; neither 
will it be influenced by dew if left over 
night. Another advantage gamed by this 
method is that the heat is so intense Unit flies 
and other insects will not molest the fruit 
while drying, and when dried, it comes out 
clean and sweet. 
Let all who wish to dry fruit or vegetables 
try this plan; I am confident It will give 
satisfaction. Caution— Be sure to raise the 
sash as recommended, else the fruit will 
burn the same as it would in an oven. 
NEW ENGLAND FRUIT GROWING. 
To all fruit growers in New England and 
DRY HOUSE FOR FRUIT, 
E. A. Riehl, a practical fruit cultivator, 
gives in the Rural World his plan for drying 
fruit as follows: 
My plan is to take hot-bed sash and lay 
them on a frame similar to that of the 
hot-bed—in fact, if the hot-bed has not been 
removed, the dry-house is already built, and 
it is only necessary to lay a floor inside on 
which to lay the fruit. When the fruit has 
been placed inside, put on the sash, but raise 
both ends about two inches from the frame, 
so the air can circulate. The sun’s rays will 
penetrate through the glass freely, and give 
out their heat below the glass; and, being 
confined, will cause the heat to he much 
greater than it is in the open air. The 
hotter the atmosphere, the greater is ils ra¬ 
pacity for holding moisture; hence this hot 
air absorbs the moisture from the fruit, and 
the sash being raised a little, the hot air 
escapes at the higher end of the sash, and 
fresh air supplies its place at the lower end, 
and thus there is a constant current of hot, 
dry air passing over the fruit, and it dries 
with astonishing rapidity. Two years ago, 
wishing to dry some green sugar corn, j 
Hie \\ minute Raspberry, so beautifully 
figured, and commended as very promising 
by Mr. Fuller in his Small Fruit Cultumt, 
we loam does not sustain its promise, and 
the original describer lias withdrawn his en¬ 
dorsement. Ought not Mr. Fuller to have 
put that in his article on Horticultural Hum¬ 
bugs ? 
Cairo t Pippin, — Tho London Gardeners’ 
Magazine describes a now apple under the 
above name, and speaks favorably of it as a 
long keeper. “ Fruit medium size, round, 
slightly flattened at both ends ; skin, on the 
shaded side, pale yellow, overspread with 
pale crimson streaks; on the sunny side, 
deep, glowing crimson ; stalk very short, in¬ 
serted in a minute cavity ; eye small, open, 
in a very shallow plaited basin ; flesh white, 
tender, pleasantly sub-acid, and slightly .aro¬ 
matic. An excellent dessert apple from Feb¬ 
ruary to March.” From tho description, 
this applo promises well, and its color would 
make it a salable market sort. 
THE UTAH HYBRID CHERRY. 
In your issue of February 0th your able 
and interesting Homological correspondent, 
E., in an article following the illustration of 
the “ New Hybrid Cherry,” says lie flunks 1 
am mistaken in tho character of the fruit 
illustrated, and is of opinion that it is of the 
family of wild plums. 
I am not mistaken, but am fully acquaint¬ 
ed with the wild plum of the East, of the 
Western Prairies, of the North, and those 
native to the sunny South. The history of 
this new fruit is quickly told. Heeds of the 
wild plums, which abound in Western Iowa, 
were brought to these mountains by the 
