WFM 
Now, tlic visual price charged in the best 
factories of New York for manufacturing 
cheese and. furnishing boxes, bandage, an- 
uotto, salt, &o., is two cents per pound. At 
this price the 200,000 pounds of cheese 
made would amount to $4,000, leaving a pro- 
lit of $600 for superintendence, Ac. 
It is possible we may have put the Inter¬ 
est on capital, including wear and tear of 
machinery, too low. The wear o! machinery 
and fixtures in a cheeso,factory is ray con¬ 
siderable, But, however this may be, we 
have given figures sufficient for a basis from 
which to calculate what the profits are likely 
to he from such an est ablishment when well 
managed and well located. 
With many factories great mistakes are 
often made in management. Inferior or 
second-rate cheese makers are employed be¬ 
cause they can bo had cheap. ’I he clieceo 
perhaps sells at a low price, and the factory 
gets a bad reputation, and patrons drop ofl, 
making it a losing business to all parties. 
Again, many who have the charge ot fac¬ 
tories, though good cheese makers “ are too 
easy,” allowing patrons to deliver tainted 
milk, and so in conscqucuce a poor article i9 
made. 
It pays well for factories to establish a. 
reputation for fine goods. Then patrons are 
better satisfied and r.ru move carter to sustain 
the institution. When poor stuff is made 
and low prices obtained in consequence, the 
grumbling and wrangling and sour faces 
make it an “ up hill ” basinet:* on the part of 
factorymen, and it becomes, after a time, so 
Intolerable that men are often glad to aban¬ 
don it at a loss. If any one contemplates 
building' a factory, or.r advice is—“ Be fully 
Mrs. N--in conclusion says:—“The 
first thing I do in the morning is to arrange 
my cream in the churn, lie the dasher in its 
place, hoist the gate, and let the water on 
the wheel. I then go about my other work 
while the water does tbo churning, and I 
wish that every farmer’s wife had as good a 
way to churn as I have.” 
--- 
INVESTING I20N3Y IN CHEESE 
rACTCEIES. 
We ore in receipt of several letters asking 
information as to whether money invested 
in a cheese factory will pay. In other 
words, whether a person having a, good site 
for a factory, with promise of the milk of 
from five hundred to six hundred cows, can 
get a fair rate of interest on Ids money by 
investing it la building such an establish¬ 
ment ? 
The question is not an easy one to answer, 
3 inco much will depend upon the location of 
the institution and the manner in which it is 
managed. As a general rule, when factories 
have been erected and fitted up by an indi¬ 
vidual to bo rented, the investment has not 
turned out to bo a very paying one. In 
good neighborhoods where the. reputation of 
a factory has become established and where 
an effort is made to keep tho name good by 
to b» Jui«w«ro i la Ibis whan t 
ihiu'd U unt iiactty i j C. V. Rat*. HUo ClmSt 
X. A. Wn.I.AltD, A. 2>L, EDITOR, 
Op Utt.-C Fun, IIsr.Kixir. Cowerf, Nsw Yq*k. 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, 
APPLIANCES FOR CHURNING, 
A correspondent from limes go.. -Uis3., 
sends us a sketch and description of a 
machine for churning, which ho says was 
invented by a neighbor who has used it for 
twenty years, and finds it the most conve¬ 
nient and labor-saving appliance in the 
churning lino ho has ever seen. Ho says any 
farmer that is handy with tools can make 
all the parts in a short time, and it will run 
one or half a dozen churns as easily as could 
be wished. He decribes the machine ns 
follows; 
A horizontal shaft, 13 inches in circum¬ 
ference, is made to turn loosely in posts or 
in stationary uprights at either end. In tho 
center of the shaft is fixed a bar that extends 
nearly to the floor, and at tho lower end 
there is a handle of convenient length for 
moving (lie bar to and fro, thus setting the 
machine in motion. Cro6s-bav3 are arranged 
in tho shaft to which the churn dashers are 
attached 
By making two suoh articles, tho backs 
may be brought together and hold by neat 
hooks or other means, making, combined, a 
complete and unique center-picco for a largo 
apartment, provided good cam is taken to 
havo them nicely matched in stylo and 
measure. 'w* n. 
New York, June, 1200. 
SUNDRY EINT3, ETG 
The Country Cheese Market.—Usually th<JV0 !: 
very little cheeso on delivery at tho Little Vill.i 
market during the week In which tho till of July 
occurs. Tho 4th this year coming on Sunday, j 
“ Independence Day " was celebrated on thoGtli. 
Joiftequeiilly tho market, lor tho week ending 
July 10th WIUJ exceodlugly dull, with small de¬ 
liveries, both of furm and factory dairies. Rnt 
fow dealers wore In the market, and thoy »md<» 
prices to suit, them. 1 r ives. Wu give quotations 
or factories which made Sites:—Newvillo, If To.; 
Norway Association, lJ;.{c.; Cold Crock, 
Old Fairfield, 15X0., Smith Creek, IV i 0.; t'larl:- 
vlllo, 15c. Several factorymen on tho grounds 
for the purpose o" effecting sales, wove not satis¬ 
fied with the deallno in prices, and wont homo 
with tho Intention of holding dice o back for 
another rock. 
VV r o have advices from abroad to tho third 
week in June. In Liverpool t.licvo waa a fair 
consumptive dotmuid, end everything: was 
cloarod Oil tho market before tbo arrival of 
etcamore, but as stocks were coming in nearly 
double any previous week of tins reason, i Me 
tratiownainove difficultplccso with quality 
The imports of chceso to Liverpool this year, 
worn Juno list to Juno rtt.li, were 20*512 boxos. 
For samo tlino last year 18,075 boxes. Flue fac¬ 
tory Is quoted at. 13 to S03. per cwt; vovy good at 
7t to 77s.; good, 70 to Tor.; medium, 53 to C5s. Our 
London correspondent, whoso lctanr? are of 
late date (fourth week In June,) taya that cheese 
sells ns it arrives. 
Now KnglDh chedftar is quoted at 74 to 8 b.; 
Wiltshire double, 70 to R:.’a ; Cheshire, 74 to 833.; 
American extra fine, new, 7*5.; good, 7Cs.; sec¬ 
ondary, 74s. Dutch chcv a—Edetnx 50 to Eos.; 
pondas, 50 to ftls.; Derby shape, 54 to58s. for new. 
When four churns arc to be used at once, 
tbo posts should be seven feet apart, and the 
cross-bars to which tho dashers are attached 
should pas 3 through tho shaft half-way from 
either post to the perpendicular bar which 
operates the machine. Tho churn dashor- 
handlos must bo made ten or twelve inches 
longer than tho ordinary handles, and with 
hoi "s through the top to reoeivo a pin by 
which they aro secured to tho cross-bars, 
making a movablo joint, Tho machine, he 
says, works to a charm, and is ahead of all 
tho late patent churning humbugs. 
Another correspondent, Mrs. M. L. New¬ 
ell of Provo City, Utah, sends ns a rough 
draft and description of a machine easily 
made and adapted to those who have a 
small stream of water that can be con¬ 
veniently used ns the motive power. Tho 
following cut end description explains its 
construction. 
“Cutler Powders.”—A correspondent of tho 
Germantown Telegraph, who has tested tbo 
“ Bui tor Powders 1 ' with which an attempt i.i 
malting to swindle people, says: — “ Upon oxam- 
|nation I find them to consist principally of an 
alkaline powder, generally ibe Id-Carbonate of 
soda. This substance, when added to tbo milk 
(nr Croaui) JUjporitylis (converts into soap) tho oil 
(butter) contained :herein, and thus increase tho 
bulk of what looks ilk- butter, but which is really 
cesqj. Tho curd, or cheery part. Is also taken up 
by tbo alkali, rendering tho product still more 
bountiful." _ t; j 
Automatic Clofiioa DoUrr.—In an article in the 
Roiul of May 80th, " Other Kitchen Aids,” IV. 
II. speaks of an "Automatic Clothes Boner." 
Will you or so»;o of your cubscribora tell us 
moro about it; where It cm bo bought? &c. 
You can be more useful to bousQltcopora in tho 
country by giving U3 the names of tho best labor- 
saving aids than Hi any other way. 
Will it bo out of placo to ask if Vapor Stoves 
aro useful in a small family? If dangerous? &o. 
Will not some one else add to tho list of kitakea 
aids?—A Subscriber. 
boon nailed "Dioy-worms." A wlso Instinct 
urges them to thus wander from placo to plnee, 
l’or did they remain on coo tree, they would 
soon multiply beyond tho power of that tree to 
liustaln thorn,and would inconsequencebccomo 
extinct. When they have lost their mlgr um/ 
desire®, thoy fasten their bugs very securely by 
a strong band o£ silk to tho twigs of 1 he treo c. ;i 
which they happen to be. Hero again astrcr.go 
instinct loads them to thus fasten their coconrt 
to tho lil'hjd only at the tree they Inhabit, £0 that 
these oocoons will remain through tho winter; 
arid not to tho leaf-stalk, whero thoy would bo 
blown down with tho loaf. 
After thus fat-toning their bag?, they lino 
them with a good tblckneA of soft white etlk, 
and after turning around In tho tag eo as to 
have the bead towards the lower ovitico, they 
vert awhile from their labors and lit lust east 
tintr skins and become chrysalids. Hitherto 
tho worms bad alt been alike, but now the sexes 
aro distinguishable, tho male chrysalis being but 
half tho size of that of the female. Three weeks 
f.rterwarcD a still greater change tukca place, 
tbo aoxes differentia ting Ct ill move. Tho malo 
chrysalla works bimsoll down to the end of his 
bug, and, hanging half way out, the skin bursts. 
From tho foregoing account of the Bag-worm, 
It becomes obvious that by plucking and burn¬ 
ing the cases in tho v. inter time, tho trees can bo 
easily rid of thorn. If this Is done whenever tho 
first fow bags nro obsorvod, tho tnalt of plucking 
is light t but where it is not done, tho worms 
will continue to increase, and partly defoliating 
the tree each year, slowly but surely srp its life. 
omfstic V. 
Cooking Old Potatoes.—In the summer old po¬ 
tatoes should bo peeled and soaked in cold water 
jt-vcva» hours before they tiro cooked. This 
makes them nearly us dry and good as when first 
dug in autumn.—* 
Old potatoes should bo put in cold water, with 
aUttle suit in the pot. Boil slowly—tho slower 
tho bettor. If the water stops bulling, thoy aro 
apt to bo watery, 
> - ■■ ■. -■frfr? - -■ - - 
To Make Stale Bread aa Good ns Frosh.— It la 
not as generally known 03 it ought to bo that 
stale baiter’s, or other loaf bread, may bo made 
aa idee os freshly baked by dipping the loaf la 
Clean, cold water and wanning through In a 
bake ovon, Much bread might bo saved that is 
thrown away if this were move generally prac¬ 
ticed than it Is. 
CONDUCTED BY MARY A. E. WAGER, 
' -^ c rt ••• v - rt 
- 
Take a stick of timber twenty inches in 
length one! six In diameter (marked G,) secure 
it ut the cuds by Iron bands (similar to hub- 
bands on ft carriage wheel) to prevent split¬ 
ting while Worthing the holes and driving 
the arms, to which pieces of board seven 
inches in width, and twelve or fourteen 
inches long must bo nailed. These aro the 
paddles to the wheel, and there must be four 
of them. In one cud of the shaft there 
must bo an iron pin, in tho other a crank (F,) 
similar to tho crank of a grindstone. The 
crank must be j 1 st half ns long as the play 
in tho churn. Have tho end of tho crank 
equine whero it is driven into tho end of tho 
shaft, so aa to prevent Its moving In the shaft 
as the wheel goes round. After the end of 
the crank is driven into the shaft, attach the 
other end to a piece of board two inches In 
width (marked E,) reaching up to cross piece 
(C,) which is rondo long enough to reach to 
the place where tho churn is to sit. The 
center of the cross piece is roado to play 
upon an iron or hard wood pin in a groove 
in the top of a post (D.) which must be set 
firmly in the ground, or made firmly some 
other way. At tho other end of the cross¬ 
piece is another stick or light piece of board 
| (B) extending downward to the top of tho 
^ chum dashers, and is secured by boring a 
a hole in each end, tving them together with 
p a good strong string, and all is ready for 
% churning. I have ono of these, which my 
k son, fourteen years old made, after irons 
f were ready, which does my churning in 
a twenty minutes, when the cream is the right 
& temperature.” 
Killing Apple • Worras by JllacUIncry. — Thd 
wovM certainly movcH Men ore coaftantJy 
ma Jiv? dboovertes, which though trivial in 
thorn-.civoG, greatly benefit their fellow-men. 
Tho hay-band remedy ngaiaet the apple-worm 
(Garpoco, «a jximoMe&a, Linn.,) lann excellent one, 
but we art- oblig'd to seek for tho wurran which 
spin up under it, and crush each one peparniely. 
Mr. D. N. Brown, an •nUMiukinj? fruit-growor 
of fit. Jewnh, MicU*. has, however,dcvt'cd apian 
of slaughtering thcai t>y wholeeole, which cora- 
meods U olf to tho rood eonso of even’ ap¬ 
ple grower. Ileroiu Is, ns given In a Into num¬ 
ber or tho St. Joseph Hci-uhi, by our fiioml and 
correspondent, L. I*. IlASiitLL of that placo s 
“Placeriirlylti JunoTvr<r,nothavb!!n<l?.Hi tho 
fork* nf 1 he tree, or trunk below the lower iitnb, 
i and Hi these the larva will secn-tv themselves to 
Oime in two v.eoks ro- 
Keef Soup—Procure a beef shank, or knucklo 
boue, put in a larjo pot of water, boil lour or 
five hours; one hour before done, adn salt and 
popper, one quart of finely chopped cabbage, 
six onions, not very large, six Or eight large po¬ 
tatoes, a teaeupful of rloo. If tho beof I; f it, 
thla will make a very rich soup.—A. L. rioxx;:. 
“ steam boiler. 150 
" firo milk vat'... 815 
Other fixtures . .. . ■ 475 
Total cost...$5,001) 
The establishment h in operation seven 
months of the year. One man, one boy and 
three girls perform tho labor, which costs in 
the aggregate $1,250. The average number 
of cows delivering milk is six hundred, and 
the number of pounds of cheese made dur¬ 
ing tho season is 200,000. The cost of boxes, 
bandage, aunotto, salt, rennet and whatever 
is requisite in this line, amounts to seventy- 
five ccn's per one hundred, pounds cheese 
made, or in the aggregate $1,500; insurance 
on cheese and buildings, $150. 
Now, to recapitulate, we have: 
Interest, including wear amt tear of ma¬ 
chinery, &c., sny 12 per cent, on the $5,000 
capital iuveeted....5 000 
Coat of labor. L-50 
Boxes, bandage, suit, Ac. 1,500 
Iuburancc.. 150 
Making; a grand total of.$3,402 
PORT. 
Potato Soup.—Fivo largo, potatoes, pared and 
cut fine, (out down in squavoa and then diced 
ol!.( Boil in neatly throo pints of salted water 
till soft; add a pint of milk and cream; thicken 
with a tablespoonful of flour; add butter; eat 
with bread or crackers. Bo not spoil It by put¬ 
ting in meat— Mas. J- O. Johnson. 
enter the chrysalis suite*. — 
move these cm??, and destroy the 'meet®. Mr. 
Brown docs it very quickly and effectively by 
p:i -,-iny the rags Brough eloi(ie.*u\v i-itiger. !u 
U,I-, manner he believes thenuJ&auoo may beget 
rid of; and yet the nflort will Hi: n.sell omt 1 
every owner ut ar orchard dee6 the same I lung. 
There must bo ».•■««*< effort. Let every mail fe l 
it bis ilm v to urge hLa neighbor to net at onco 
and pereirtcutly, 1 oitieinPiling tlinr 'rtern 1 
vigibnoe is the price of’-guoa frultV-Amou- 
Egg Wadies.—Ingredients, th ree eggs, one cup 
of butter, one quart of milk, one teaspoon ful of 
Soda, two of cream of tartar, and flour. Make a 
batter of theegvs mid milk, addingcnongh flour 
to thicken it; add sodaand cream of tartar iri tho 
usual way. Buko in waffie irons at onoc. Eat 
with butter and sirup.- m. l. 
