V r v_ _ - 
£pULTURE»ti£ 
ZRtrm 
EXCELSIOR 
#:i.OO PER YEAR. 
Hinkle No., Eight Cents. 
41 l’nrlt Row, New York 
H2 ItulVolo Ht., Koeliester. 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 31, HUD I 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year lStRi, by r>. D. T. Mookk, in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.] 
tender as to be killed outright, or fatally 
damaged; while the balance exhibit various 
degrees of injury, but promise to recover. 
Thinking that lists of those classes may 
be indications of some value to other plant¬ 
ers, I herewith give the results with some of 
the most, important varieties. These trees 
had mostly been three years planted, in good 
clay without any manure, and had been 
well, but not excessively, cultivated. Among 
those which successfully endured I his trial 
were Tyson, 01,t,, Belle Lucrative, Howell, 
Ivmgsessing, Clapp's Favorite, Moyameus- 
ing, Doyenne Uoussock, White Doyenne, 
Onondaga, Stevens' Genesee, Lodge Par¬ 
sonage, Merriam Ilcalhcole, Flemish Beau¬ 
ty, Ubanistc, Bourro d’ Anjou, Sheldon, Dix, 
Duchesae d’ Angouleme, Lawrence, Mc- 
Laughlin, Glout Morccau, Vicar and Easter 
Beurre. 
Of those badly injured I will name Doy¬ 
enne d’ Etc, Golden Beurre, Julienne, Seckel, 
Beurre Boars, Paradise d’ Automne, Maria 
Louise, Forolle, Baronne de Aiello, Canan¬ 
daigua, Zoar Beauty, Jamiuettc, Chaptal, 
Cal iliac, Beurre Clalrgeau aud Winter N« lis. 
Between the last two classes 1 llml the 
following important kinds :—Bartlett, Bran¬ 
dywine, Ananas d’ Etc, Beurre Gillard, Blood- 
good, Osbund’s Hummer, Kiri,land, Beurre 
Buperlin, Biill'um, Louise Bonne de Jersey, 
Napoleon, Beurre Langcller, Beurre Gris, 
Colufhbla, Epine Dumas, Josephine de Ma¬ 
rines and Dana’s 1 lovey. 1 am aware that 
some varieties named above as tender, or 
badly injured, were not seriously damaged 
at other points in this neighborhood, where 
they had been much cultivated, or were in 
bearing, or from any cause had made very 
little growth the previous season; but I 
think planters will be wise to rely mainly 
upon kinds which endure our climate under 
the most trying conditions. 
growers in the. neighborhood of New York. 
Only from Southern New Jersey and Dela¬ 
ware. have come commendatory words of t in? 
fruit, though it is commended us a strong 
grower. 
Bishop .—This is a berry of Canadian ori¬ 
gin; and although some energetic men in 
the Farmers' Club have condemned it, it has 
qualities that, for the amateur, make it a 
good berry. The plant is vigorous, with a 
huge, broad, ovate, light green leaf; a long 
foot stalk, hut not sufficiently stout to keep 
them off the ground; hence mulching is 
requisite with it. The berries are large, of a 
rich, light, yet deep scarlet, glossy, and hav¬ 
ing almost a made; surface firm ; flesh roseate 
white, with a moderately rich, good flavor. 
It is a berry that, one would hesitate to dig 
out, and yet we should not advise any one to 
plant it. 
Wilder. — Of course, none but the elect 
have had a chance to see this fruit. Ciiaki.kh 
Downing being one of that sort, and a man 
who knows “just a little" about fruit, wo 
will talBh his record, gathered from a letter 
of Mi-. Wilder, which reads“C harles 
Downing is fully satisfied that it is up to all 
that is claimed for it, and surpasses in pro¬ 
ductiveness what he expected.” All wo 
have to say of this is, that to us the manner 
in which it has been, or is being, sent out, is 
in violation of all pomological rules; and to 
the public, each one of whom possesses a 
d'liferent soil and climate, 
RASPBERRIES 
We have so few good native varieties of 
the raspberry in cultivation, that every move 
in that direction is worthy of notice. It is 
useless to deny that our people have become 
dissatisfied with tender foreign sorts, and ere 
long none hut hardy native varieties will he 
acceptable to cither amateurs or professional 
fruit growers, If we had expended one-half 
the time and money in trying to improve 
our native species that we have upon the 
tender European varieties, not one of the 
latter nor any seedling therefrom, would at 
the present time he considered worthy of 
cultivation. Our indigenous species are 
naturally as much superior to the foreign as 
the native straw berry (Fruguria Virgin iana) 
is better than the wild Alpine or Hautboy; 
but tastes differ, consequently, there are 
many persons who would not. agree with me 
on this point. 1 do, however, expect ere 
long to see the native varieties drive all for¬ 
eign ones out of cultivation, and then xve 
shall hear no more of mildew, cold winters 
ami the like destroying the raspberry crops. 
Among the many new native sorts that are 
worthy of trial I would name the following: 
Parry's No. L—This is one of the many 
thousands of seedlings raised by William 
Parky, the well-known nurseryman of New 
Jersey. I received a few plants of it two 
years since, aud as it bus proved hardy, pro¬ 
lific and of excellent quality, I think it 
worthy of being placed on the Rural’s cata¬ 
logue of new fruits. 1 do not know whether 
Mr. Parry has given it a name or propa¬ 
gated a stock for the purpose of dissemina¬ 
tion, hut if he has done either, he will 
probably inform the public of the facts at 
the proper time. 
It is large, regular, conical; bright crim¬ 
son ; grains small, compact and of a uniform 
size; moderately firm; juicy, sprightly and 
good; canes vigorous and erect, slightly 
tinged with purple; spines few, and of same 
color as the canes; leaves large, dark green, 
with a rather smooth surface; leaflets three 
to five broad, ovate, sparsely toothed, and 
serrate. Hardy, vigorous and productive. 
Probably a,seedling of some native species. 
Parry's No. 2.—Received from same source 
as the preceding variety. Fruit large, ob¬ 
tuse, conical, often perfectly globular; light 
crimson; grains medium, compact, and uni¬ 
form in size; firm, juicy and good; canes 
erect,vigorous; tinged with purple; spines 
few and scattering, purplish. Leaves medi¬ 
um to large, ruther flat, and with smooth 
upper surface; leaflets ovate, acuminate and 
finely serrate. Hardy and productive, native. 
Arnold? # No. 3.—Raised by Charles A u- 
nold, Paris, Ontario. Medium, roundish, 
conical, pale lemon yellow at first, changing 
to light orange; grains large; only moder¬ 
ately compact; rather sort, juicy and good 
flavor; canes strong hut spreading, with 
many slender lateral branches; hark light 
glaucous green; spines numerous and very 
rigid; leaves medium, light green; leaflets 
three to seven, oblong, acuminate. Hardy 
and very productive. Mr. Arnold has pro¬ 
duced quite a large number of hybrid rasp¬ 
berries, and this is one of the best. 
i, it. is just as much 
a humbug to-day as when the Massachusetts 
Horticultural Society made note of it, under 
a number. It may he a good thing in Mr. 
Wilder’s soil and. climate; hut take it into 
Missouri, Southern Illinois, or Tennessee, 
and various other sections, aud then we shall 
know how long the variety will live in 
credit—although the originator will live for¬ 
ever in favorable recognizance by all Ameri¬ 
can horticulturists. 
Charles Downing .—This is another variety 
to which the name of the best pomolngist in 
the United States has been attached. Its 
record this year is various. Some giving it 
high tone, others almost condemning it. 
F. R. Elliott writes us that on sandy soil, 
witli him, it. produces a few fine berries on 
long foot, stalks that lie on the ground ; and 
side by side with llovcy it is not, worth 
growing, lie regrets, as lie has niton ex¬ 
pressed, that the name of so good a man 
should ever have been attached to a plant 
so untested as this was, merely to meet, the 
pecuniary interest of a dealer. He says 
we have few men among us who are honest 
Outside of their own interest to speak on 
fruits, and it is too had to prostitute their 
names by attaching them to untested fruits, 
for the purpose of gain to the dealer. It is 
all right, for a dealer to vaunt his wares; and 
let those who will buy of Stark apple and 
Mam grape; hut it is sacrilege to use the 
name of a leading pomolngist without his 
consent for the purpose of gain. 
Mammoth Cluster and Miami Raspberries. 
—Mr. 8. Miller, BluflTton, Mo., asks, “ Will 
you editors he ready and willing to recon¬ 
cile yourselves to the Mammoth Cluster 
Raspberry, in case it be proven t,o lie noth¬ 
ing else than the Miami ? When 1 paid $15 
for 100 of those plants 1000 of them could 
have been bought, for $10, in ease they prove 
to be the same as is very openly declared by 
some who ought to know. I hope to see 
this matter decided in this year’s crop." So 
do we; and we think it, will be decided. 
Our correspondent ought to know by this 
time that we shall not seek to suppress truth 
which concerns the public, even though its 
utterance prove ourselves to have been mis¬ 
taken. It. shall have free course and he glo¬ 
rified in the columns of the Rural, no mat¬ 
ter who it hits. 
Downing Gooseberry .— Samuel MILLER of 
Mo. says of this fruit that it is not quite as 
productive as the Houghton, much larger, 
fine color, of superior quality, a strong grower 
and free from mildew. 
JHQCHSTEI// - 
POMOLOGICAL GOSSIP. 
Pakky’s No. L Uaspheruy 
Arnold’s No. 3 Raspberry 
Nicarnr Strawberry. — An Ohio corre¬ 
spondent writes us:—“The record of Ni- 
canor, wherever it has had good cultivation, 
is in its favor ahead of all other varieties, as 
promising to supersede the Wilson ; hut ot 
course it requires time to root out an old 
established variety or tost a new one. The 
root of Nieanor, however, with the general 
habit ot the plant, is such that it sustains 
rough treatment, even better than Wilson. 
The complaint of it this year has been that 
unless in strong land, and cleanly kept, it did 
not give sufficient size; while for shipment; 
it is feared that it may prove too sort. Time 
and practical handling will tell the result." 
Our readers have seen the testimony of fruit 
ounce plum? Please give us light on the culti¬ 
vation of this delicious fruit, and where the 
largest, and best sorts can be obtained for culti¬ 
vation, true to description, name and color. S., 
Brighton, Out. 
Among the largest plums are Bradshaw, 
violet; Coe's Golden Drop, yellow; lluling's 
Superb, greenish yellow; Yellow Magnum 
Bonum ; Pond’s Seedling, violet red; Wash¬ 
ington, greenish yellow; Victoria, purplish 
red. These are all good, lluling's Superb 
is the largest of all, probably between six and 
seven inches in circumference. Six inches 
may he classed as very large for plhms; 
three Inches small. It may have been a 
four ounce instead of fourteen ounce plum 
of which you have heard. 
Any of the leading nurseries can supply 
you with reliable trees, and their cultivation 
you will find described in the recent works 
on fruit culture. 
greater caution than has been used with us 
in select ing varieties of pears for the orchard. 
On the 11th of December last the mercury 
went down to ten degrees below zero at this 
place. This was a lower point than had been 
reached at any time in winter for eight years, 
at least with one exception; and this terri¬ 
ble close of an autumn quite favorable to late 
wood-growth, tried most severely the hardi¬ 
ness of all young fast-growing trees. The 
result in my own orchard among one hun¬ 
dred and fifty varieties, all young trees, 
shows about forty varieties which seem per¬ 
fectly hardy; nearly an equal number so 
SOUVENIR D' ESPERIN PEAR 
Mr. Barry classes this pear among the 
newer varieties of fine pears which promise 
well here and are worthy of trial. In the 
American Horticultural Annual,for I860, lie 
gives the following description of it:—Fruit 
medium size ; form pyramidal, a little ob¬ 
lique; stalk long, slender and curved; calyx 
small, open ; skin russet, similar to Winter 
Nelis ; flesh, texture and quality also similar; 
season of maturity November and Decem¬ 
ber; tree a superb grower and very produc¬ 
tive. 
ABOUT PLUMS. 
t would like to know the names of some of 
the very largest anil best plums; also, their color 
urn] probable diameter, as the words “ medium to 
large," &c., in horticultural works, arc not very 
definite to persona unacquainted with the culti¬ 
vation of plums. I have hoard of a fourteen 
ounce plum! but think there is a mistake some¬ 
where, although the gentleman assured mo it 
was the ease. Does any person else know of 
such a monster plum ?— or is there even a four 
HARDINESS OF PEARS 
Parker Earle, ex-President of the Illi¬ 
nois State Horticultural Society, writes from 
South Pass, III.,to Tilton’s Journal of Hor¬ 
ticulture as follows: 
My experience with pears the past season 
lias impressed me with the importance of 
THE SOUVENIR D’ ESPERIN PEAR AND OUTLINE, 
