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CEMENT WATER PIPE. 
I would reply to J. P. D., Deposit, N. Y., 
that 1 laid a pipe about two months ago, 
which I think will suit, in every respect, bet¬ 
ter than all cement. I took common one 
and a half inch tile, and laid it in cement, 
covering the top and sides with the same, 
being careful to make the joints close, and 
laid even. In mixing the mortar, 1 used one 
part of Akron water-lime, or, as it is some¬ 
times called, “ Hydraulic Cement,” to three 
parts of sand, mixing enough eaeli time so 
that il could be used up before it. “set.” It 
should stand a. few hours after it is laid be¬ 
fore 1 lie ditch is tilled with dirt, (so as to 
harden,) and then great care used in cover¬ 
ing, so as not to misplace anything. 
The ditch was dug eighteen inches wide 
at the bottom, and two led at the top, and 
varying Jj om t wenty inches to two and a half 
feet, in depth, according to the contour of t he 
surface of the ground. It should be below 
reach of frost. 
Before I began, I made thorough inquiry 
as to the cheapest and best plan to convey 
water. The distance from the spring is 
twenty-two rods. I found a half-inch lead 
pipe would cost me forty-six dollars in Buf¬ 
falo, (twelve cents per pound.) And merely 
a cement pipe, if well laid in the start, was 
as durable. A I. first. T quite hesitated wheth¬ 
er to lay all cement, or tile in cement, I 
found drains by the last plan had been in use 
on a farm in this town for fifteen years past, 
and arc working well now. 
The water must not he let into the pipe, 
whether made of all cement, or cement aud 
tile, until from four to six weeks after it is 
made; as the cement will not get sufficiently 
hard when kept moist under ground to with¬ 
stand the pressure of the water before that 
time. I think the use of tile preferable to all 
cement, as il will withstand the pressure, at 
first, of the. dirt above better; also the hole 
is less apt to gel stopped up in making, as it 
may by drawing a rod Hi rough 1 ho cement. 
If once stopped, no matter how slight a 
space, you are “fixed.” And if you wish to 
examine it. at any time, it is easier to take up 
a tile and put it back, and cover il with ce¬ 
ment again. The cost was as follows: 
Digging 22 rods of ditetl, 30o. per rod_... $6 00 
Laying the tile and cement.. ;! art 
30(1 I inch riMind tile, h! •■fl.IW per 100. 3 00 
2 bids. watCfltmo ... 4 (io 
One liaml l .. days covering tlie ditch. • 2 2a 
X day drawing i wo loads of sand.. 75 
()no hand one da.\ to mix mortar, etc. 2 no 
One 0-rout iron gas pipe, to Insert, into the 
i ile and over Into the Irough. 1 00 
2-inch thick pipe plonk for a water trough 3 00 
§27 10 
Making .$‘32.50 the cost without the iron 
pipe and trough. I did not reckon my labor 
in making the trough. One person in this 
town made a water pipe of 1 ile, as above, but 
merely covered the joints with cement; but 
the water failed to reach its destination; as 
the tile is of a porous character, it soaked 
through. It should all be covered. 
East Bethany, N. V. H. C. Adgatk. 
-- 
ARTESIAN WELLS. 
Dr. Lee makes a strange mistake in your 
issue of July 17, when he says that “ the St. 
Louis well went down 4,000 feet, but no wa¬ 
ter.” The usual limestone liquid was struck, 
at thirty feet., but as the Belcher Sugar Re¬ 
finery wanted water as nearly chemically 
pure as could be obtained, this was kept out 
with tubes, and the boring persevered with 
j soil will permit, this sort of well will proba¬ 
bly never be improved on. Northwest. 
LADDERS. 
No person living in country or village 
should consider himself fully equipped for 
any emergency without having at a con¬ 
venient distance a properly constructed 
ladder. With a ladder at hand, many a dis¬ 
astrous conflagration could have been sub¬ 
dued at the beginning by reaching with its 
aid parts of the building not otherwise ac¬ 
cessible. It lias often been a mystery to me 
how a great many farmers manage to prose¬ 
cute the various farm operations without a 
ladder; and yet il is done in hundreds of 
Cases. It is only necessary to add, in this 
connection, that as a class such farmers are 
of the penny-wise and pound-foolish persua¬ 
sion, care nothing for looks, and as it would 
seem, have an instinctive, Imp-hazard, un¬ 
concerned manner of doing business; from 
the well beaten path they care not to de¬ 
viate. 
We give herewith a number of the most 
improved plans of constructing fruit ladders, 
common ladders, cheap and expensive, solid 
and spliced. 
An exceedingly cheap and easily made 
ladder is shown in Figure 5. Bits of boards 
two or three inches wide and one foot in 
length are nailed upon a plank two inches in 
thickness and six or eight inches wide. In 
old ladders of this diameter the length of 
steps corresponded with the width of plank. 
In the common ladder it is policy to place 
at the ends and center rounds three inches 
wide and three-quarters of an inch thick, 
secured in position by wooden pins on t he 
outer side of the ladder; thus, should a 
round become broken, another is easily sub¬ 
stituted, which is not the case when ail are 
nailed or wedged in position as by the old 
method. 
&< If! 
^pntratt 
INQUIRIES ANSWERED. 
Jury 22 I found and hived a stray swarm of 
bees. Having no hive, I made a box of rough 
boards twelve by twelve inches square and 
thirty inches high, sawed notches on one side 
ni »lio bottom lor an entrance, and puttied up 
all the cracks, Ac. I wish to know through the 
UrntA L if It is too Into for them to stow sufficient 
honey to winter them? Tltero were, perhaps, 
more than a gallon of the hoes. Is it advisable 
Tills season, about thirty in the same field 
fall short, according to present promise, of 
last season; far short. 1 am able, satisfac¬ 
torily to my own mind, to account for this 
falling off. Last, season, I had eight hives in 
the bee house described in my book, almost 
perfectly shaded. But one of the eight gave 
a swarm. This season they were removed, 
and all in the fields exposed to the sun, and 
most of them swarmed 
It requires sixty pounds of honey per 
colony for the breeding season and winter. 
In 1867, the twenty colonies consumed, at 
to sow n patch of buckwheat v If I have to feed S ' X '.V pounds per colony, 1,200 pounds—gave 
them, what is the best mode to adopt with the 
above mentioned stylo of hive? Having no cel¬ 
lar. and no suitable room for housing, how shall 
1 winter them? W. B. F., ltuliamptAi*, Mil 
I will endeavor to answer AV. B. F.’s 
questions in order, remarking in the outset, 
however, that the hive in which he put hi* 
bees ought to have been at least one-third 
smaller, if lie expects to take any box honey 
from it in ihe future. A box hive should 
hold about two thousand cubic inches. 
1 . I have had swarms of bees as late as 
the I 8 H 1 of August which got honey enough 
for winter; and a friend of mine had, be¬ 
tween the 1 st and 10 th of the same month, a 
hundred swarms or more, some of which 
not only got enough for winter, but. made 
in surplus, say nine hundred and fifty pounds, 
gathering for surplus and consumption, 2,150 
pounds. I 11 1868, thirty-four colonies con¬ 
sumed 2,040 pounds, gave in surplus, say nine 
hundred pounds — gathered 2,040 pounds. 
It will he scon that seven hundred and ninety 
pounds more honey were gathered in 1868 
than in 18G7, in my fields; yet the most sur¬ 
plus was given when the least honey was 
collected, by the smallest number of colonics. 
In justice to my bees, or hive, I should say 
that, nine-tenths of ihe surplus honey was 
collected in the large hive both seasons, and 
not more than one-tenth in an equal number 
of old-fashioned box hives. 
My neighbors praised the first season, 1867, 
r- Trrrj^ g 
r[a~1 
icJa ■--» 
twenty or thirty pounds of box honey each as a remarkably good one, and sighed over 
•• f'-. 
FlOlTRE 1. 
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fruit 
ladder, the supports of which are secured to 
Hie upright by hinges of iron, leather onniy 
other equivalent choice. In gathering fruit 
a portion of it cannot be reached by the 
ordinary ladder, in which case tins one fills 
a much desired posit ion. Construct of suita¬ 
ble material and desirable size; if possible, 
use light material, and so arrange that it 
may be folded when not in use. 
e= &* 1-IT 
Figure 5. Figure 6. 
A ladder of the form shown in Figure 6 
should not lie less than twelve feet in length, 
and for general farm purposes eighteen feet 
is the proper length. A good bidder is made 
by sawing lengthwise a sapling pine, chest¬ 
nut, &e. The sides will then cueh he of the 
same general form, and not as liable to break 
under a heavy lateral strain as one of the 
same dimensions sawed from a largo log. 
Thoroughly seasoned white oak, white ash, 
hickory or some other equally tough wood 
should lie used for the rounds. s. 
besides. In some seasons enough honey 
might be collected in September and October 
to last a swarm till spring— especially south 
of Central New York. 
2. “Shall I sow r a patch of buckwheat?” 
The more buckwheat near the bees the bet¬ 
ter, but one field of a few acres would yield 
too little to make it much of an object. 
3. As to feeding, it w ill not pay unless the 
swarm makes comb enough to fill fifteen 
the latter, 1868, as a miserably poor season; 
while I thought, and still believe, the field 
was overstocked. - 
I am now prepared to say, give me forty 
old colonies, in afield that lias well sustained 
that number, and I will transfer them to my 
large hive, place -them in two fields, and se¬ 
cure from two to t hree tons of surplus honey 
from them the first season. 
It should be remembered, he who gets but 
hundred or two thousand cubic inches of ' on P ou nds surplus per colony, gets but one- 
Tnrs is an appliance used to prevent the 
difficulty heretofore experienced in the use of 
the hay fork, especially the harpoon. As 
most have observed, when the load is required 
to be drawn some distance into the bay, the 
angle which the rope will make when pass¬ 
ing over the beam will sometimes be almost 
a right angle, causing tihe fork to bo bent or 
otherwise: injured when passing over the 
beam. To prevent this make a lever, say 
eight feet in length, with a pulley attached 
to one end, and a rope tied near the pulley 
to the rafter or other fixture above. Now 
the rope of the fork is to pass over this pul¬ 
ley, the (ever to be held by some one while 
the load is being drawn up; and just as the 
fork has passed the beam, the lever must lie 
turned to one side, which will make the rope 
run off. By I lie aid of t his, hay may be drawn 
at any distance into the bay without any in¬ 
convenience, because the lever may be held 
by almost any boy. Of course the lover may 
be made any length to suit circumstances. 
Canada. Paris. 
their hive. If they do this, and the hive is 
light, they may he fed as follows: 
Bore two or three inch holes in the top of 
the hive, put honey or sirup, made of sugar 
of about the consistency of honey, in a shal¬ 
low dish, set near the holes, and cover the 
whole with a box fitting so close that not a 
bee can get. at the honey, except from the 
inside through the holes. Shavings or cut 
straw should be scattered freely in the honey 
to prevent the bees from drowning. A little 
drained over the edge of the dish and down 
through the holes among the bees might lead 
them to it. 
seventh; he who gels twenty pounds, gets 
one-fourth; he who gets sixty pounds, gets 
one-half; he who gets one hundred and 
twenty pounds, gets two-thinls; he who gets 
one hundred and eighty pounds, gets three- 
fourths the product of his field, the bees con¬ 
suming the other portion, 
Albany, N. Y. Jasper Hazen. 
-- 
ALSIKE CLOVER FOR BEES. 
UIL imuo nwm -Cl. IlLLllS A , imTrnl ,„ * A ,, , , 
drained over tlio edge of tlie dish and down f r , K n 111,4 01 ( > ( atm S 
IMPROVEMENT IN HAY FORKS. Ulro „ g I, U„ hole among the U» might 1-ad ' ",* of ,h ' s , clOTCT * 
them to it ' V ave culllV!lt<,<i ,l for several years, 
i is an appliance used to prevent the . , ’ 4 . „ , . , , „ ami are pleased with it. As it commences 
ty heretofore experienced in the use of . ' J s l,,n ? j" ' !! . K ‘ < / > " " 1 ,,bai,Y ol blossoming about the same time with the 
y folk, especially the harpoon. As 101K .* V '' 111 11 1,1 ’ ,,1>,n u,r; bul white, we have a good opportunity of seeing 
ave observed, when the load is required |!f f “ ^ Ti ’"i , „ "Ti *** rV'"", "’hid, the bees prefer; and though we Imve 
rawn some distance Into the bay, the ,"' m * ' ° !'/ ^ ^ak colony, more than a hundred hives of Italian bees 
vhich the rope will make when pass- t .. uU t | . 001 ’ nKl ‘ V M ‘ l ,c ‘ l * through the an, i our pastures literally covered with white 
r the beam will sometimes be almost cold weather by opening the holes,,, thetop chm . r J mr « Jtlv . UCK \ ol of was 
angle, causing the fork to be bent or ° “ “ U| u “ Rt p "' M (n < 1 1 a box> swarming with bees, while but few could be 
iso injured when passing over the But tlie subject of wintering bees would re- seen on the white. I am satisfied there is a 
To prevent this make a lever, say ( ' u ' re considerable space for its full discus- great deal of honey in the blossoms of the 
ret in length, with a pulley attached s ' on ‘ * endeavor to give, through tlie Alsike. One of our swarms that was hived 
end, and a rope tied near the pulley co ' unnis ol tb ® Rural, what information the 22d of last May has stored fifty-four 
rafter or ot her fixt ure above. Now ma y be needed in time for tlie season. pounds of honey in boxes, which we have 
e of the fork is to pass over this pul- ^ Quinby. taken, while there is full fhn.v mnmk in 
honey will winter well in the open air; but 
put in a perfectly dark room, and well ven 
tdated, it would do better. A weak colony, 
left out door, may be helped through tlie 
cold weather by opening the holes in the top 
of the hive, and setting over it a large box. 
But the subject of wintering bees would re¬ 
quire considerable space for its full discus¬ 
sion. I will endeavor to give, through the 
... ... , . - rrminp O r,_ ^ * j’'“i wiuimicniumu 1 hiuiiiiib i i mu m u ih;i 
pure as could bo obtained, tins was kept out. " Figure 3. kiln. Our luiuj ln*ro ncoite Jituirur very nw 
Will, tubes, and the boring persevered with In Figure 2 is shown the manner of wm^ri'cSal^nswer? a Our^Lfiteamt’r 
till numerous veins of all sorts of saline and splitting a ladder. As indicated, one fits together when used on a urate. Some say it: 
sulphur waters were tapped. As yet the within the oilier, and is held in that position Idin'fixed for bTrnin* with "X'uid 'have 
Linn* Kilns.—I would like to inquire, through 
your column?, about burning lime in a perpetual 
kiln. Our land Imre needs liming very much. 
How much lime will a ton of coni burn; and 
will soft coal answer? Our cool melts amt runs 
together when used on a urate. Some say it wilt 
not do to burn lime with. I never saw u lime 
kiln fixed for burning with eqnl, and Imve no 
idea about il nt all. l.imc rock is abundant, but 
THE HONEY PRODUCT. 
A colony of bees placed in a new, un¬ 
occupied field will lie likely to quadruple 
their number the first two years, and double 
them annually thereafter, until they exceed 
the capacity of tlieir field. Then follows tlie 
difficult labor to secure enough for winter 
stores, or starvation ensues. The result will 
be that a few of tlie strongest eolonies will 
secure some surplus. The colonies of medium 
strength just pass through the winter and 
come out weak, and a proportion of the 
number must be fed or transferred, or starve 
to dentil. At the rate of increase named the 
keeper would have three colonies the first 
taken, while there is full forty pounds in 
boxes still on tlie Live. It grows about as 
rank as tlie red. I have measured stalks 
this year that were four feet in length, while 
tlie general average is from two to three. 
This season it has ceased blossoming, and is 
maturing its seed—perhaps a week sooner 
than the white. Where there is but little 
white clover, there is no doubt that it would 
pay well to sow largely of Alsike for bees, as 
it is also nearly, if not quite, equal to the red 
for stock.” 
---- 
Honey - In response to “8“ as to which is the 
“nicest" quality of honey, wc may assure him 
that alt Northern honey, when strained, takes 
tlie precedence of the Cuba honey. 1 1 is quoted 
ill present nbont. five cents per gallon above 
sort of water needed has not been reached, by a round passing through Ihe lower nai l 1 idea about it at all. i.imc rock is abundant, but keeper would have three colonies the first i ,r ® 6u " t B, w nve cents per gallon abov< 
though nearly a mile of tins curl h’s crust has ul l,U! upper one six inches from, and pose lhno r ought to* 1 be” made'for ten‘to fiftoou season; six the second; twelve the third; tuation In mice w^u^anbm Mlcr'now 'more! 
poseiimo ougni to no innue lor ten to nttoen . , . u,uu > Illation In price with varying gold: now OUoted 
been penetrated, and a strong stream of sui- H.rough the upper part of the lower one, tf°^rtoMritovaytopuionland.-J.M. M., twenty-four the fourth; forty-eight the filth; at wm«. per gallon, gold duty paid; or §1.25 
phur water continually pours forth. This is eighteen inches from the end, with bits of Lotnom’e one having the experience required nilie, y-fiix the sixth; one hundred aud ninety- per gallon, currency. The favorite method of 
also iho case with the great Louisville well, ' l “°» Attached with bolts at the point, and for answer these questions. ' wo " ie seventh; three hundred and eighty- 
the water of which has been bottled and sold 
for medicinal purposes. A seven-inch well 
in Chicago struck very pure water at seven 
hundred feet. It spouts up sixty feet high, 
and lumishes a good power for mechanical 
purposes. The water, by analysis, is much 
purer than that of Lake Michigan. Prob¬ 
ably the water of the Lake is somewhat con- 
ccntrated by evaporation, while that from 
the bowels of the earth cannot lie. 
Gas Pipe for Well Tubiucr. 
British testimony seems to be to the effect 
that this Yankee patent actually succeeded 
even in the arid deserts of Africa. I have 
seen water struck in forty feet in the streets 
of a city with It. The paving stones were 
taken up, and the pipe, into which a steel 
point had been inserted, to drive down, 
pounded into tiie earth with wooden beetles. 
In sandy and prairie soils it so seldom fails 
that the drivers guarantee a good well or no 
pay. Occasionally a stone is struck which 
a purpose that is obvious. 
£J 
-- four the eighth ; seven hundred and sixty- 
a finu Box .—a correspondent mnkos a salt- eight the ninth ; oqe thousand five hundred 
box like an obt-tiwhioned writing desk. His is and thirty-six the tenth year, 
tor one cow, is two feet long, twenty Inches mi.,-.. 3 v . 
wide, six inches deep at the back and fourtnobes liere llr< ‘ lew fields in this section where 
nt the front. The rover is of one piece of forty-eight swarms—the number reached the 
board, the* ends of the box slanting from back fifth vear—woujd not give more surplus to 
to front, that (hewalor may run off and the salt U l6 keeper than ninety-six colonies would 
be kept dry. In two hours Iho cow will ioarn to „ „ , . , J . , 
raise the cover with her nose; mid when she . e numbcr rea Ckcd the .sixth year. 1 think 
withdraws her head, down drops the cover, and Biost fields in this section twenty - four 
the sidi is kept dry. colonies would give more surplus in boxes 
sending Northern honey to market has bc-on 
always til Iho comb; but as we staled in the 
]iuUAL of March Oth, more attention wilt bo 
given In future to straining, especially if the 
crop follows up tho increase ol supply which 
last year’s receipts foreshadowed. Tho market 
is now bare ot comb honey- that is. there is not 
upon a temporarily glutted market, and prices 
dropped to 83@30c. for prime glass boxes. 
M 
llow to Capture Bee*.—My father has a tree 
Standing on bis farm, which is about three feet 
or more through at tho Lull, and about fifteen or 
twenty feet from the base is n swarm of bees at 
that the drivers guarantee a good well or no Figure 4. JC * 1 W,3U to stat ° wlint 1 tnow of 
. ?. . . durability of pine as a roof covering. We have 
pay. Occasionally n stone is struck which Figure 3 gives another plan of splicing, on our farm a barn built In 1817, covered with 
causes a failure. Holes are bored into the which perhaps is preferable to the former pine shingles, which still remain quite service- 
pipe above the steel point, through which one. In this figure it is shown as an up- able - having been built fifty-two years.- o. b. f. 
"I®, ,™ rtl 7 *«*”"> risW * in Figure 4 » a froi. picking ladder; a correspondent of 
willi the pump, till a large envity 13 formed, excepting it, liability to ft,II to one side tl,e Country Oontlcni, an . 
vhich answers tor a reservoir, down in the while in use.it is equal to "Figure 1. Re- ring of good tar around the center of the grind- 
Cirth, far below exterior defilement, and move the upper round when it is desired to stone ' as tllls 1vi11 cause it to ridge up in the 
which never requires cleaning. Where the change from an upright to a folding ladder. tbU6 ho more C0UveIlient for ei ' lna ‘ 
the raft is kept dry. colonies would give more surplus in boxes .. -- 
T than forty-eight would give 1,ow lo < n l" ure Bee*,—My father has a tree 
Destroying \ eilow Dock. — c. M. Leonard iocy 1 , • „ ,. , Standing on his farm, which is about three feet 
writes us that he destroys this dock by digging, L u ' en - N 111 m y S ave bc ' or more through at the but l* and about fifteen or 
early in spring, alt of it he can find, and going tweeil nine and ten hundred pounds of stir- twenty feet from the base is n swarm of bees at 
over it again before the seed matures, gathering pins. In 1868 thirty-four hives gave less WOrk '- I wish to know how to capture them, 
the latter and burning it, and again digging the than nine hundred pounds. These colonies and wh0D is the best timc ‘- Ferbaps Mr. Quinby 
roots left. Mr. Leonard deplores the l’act-and _„ rp k n tf nf ibom -in- i- ", will give the desired information.— m. 
so do we—that to-day farmers have to gutter Wtie > about fcalf of tbom , m old-fashioned _^_ 
from the slovenliness of neighbors who permit llives > and gave but little surplus. They were Treatment or Bee Stings—Just as soon ns the 
noxious woeds to propagate on their premises. in my neighbors’ yards, one part less than sting is extricated prick the part where punc- 
- ten rods and the other less than eighty rods tu, ’ e(1 wirh t,l *‘ stinger with a pin or needle until 
Pine VS. flak Sl|tngt^.-Notieing In your paper f rom mc . Mv four best in 1867 n-five. nn no*. 5 be blood starts i squeeze or suck out the 
various articles in regard tq fhe durability of ‘ , r ’‘ Y , m an ag ' blootl ‘ 1 wffi warrant a perfect cure from swell- 
onksliingles, T wish to state what I know of the ^ re ^ ale ° ue bunc * ie<; ' P 0 'BKls. My tour ing, even after it begins to turn white.— jt. j. k. 
durability of pine as a roof covering. We have best in 1808 an aggregate of four hundred --_ 
Man aging Grindstones. — A correspondent of 
the Country Gentleman advises the putting a 
ring of good tar around the center of the grind¬ 
stone, as this will cause it to ridge up in the 
middle and thus be more convenient for grind¬ 
ing topis. 
and six pounds. These were, hives with 
one hundred and twenty-five pounds of box- 
room or more each. My hives, with but. 
sixty or seventy pounds of box room, gave 
but half as much average surplus. My 
neighbors’ old-fashioned box liivo9 gave less 
than one-fourtli the average of my lowest 
average. 
Which Patent Hive is Best?— A correspondent 
asks our readers to give their experience with 
the different patent hives and their preferences. 
Wp want it distinctly understood that we can¬ 
not admit any such discussion to our columns. 
-♦-*-#- 
Bee Book. — A SnuscRtBER, Cattaraugus Co., 
N. Y., is informed that the book he asks for 
(Quinby’s Mysteries of Bee-Keeping,) is for sale 
at the Rural New-Yorker office. Price *1.50. 
