684 
MOOlI'i BISM HIW-YOSEIB. 
001 
fy'ii'm) Ijnslumbrn. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., EDITOR, 
Op Little Falls, Herkimer Cim.vTr, New Yon*:, 
AMONG THE HERKIMER CO., N. Y., 
CHEESE FACTORIES.—II. 
“Gili-EiiKcil t'liceae,” and How it in Made. 
F airfield is 1 lie oldest cheese dairying 
town in Herkimer county, and in the State. 
Dairying was commenced hero as a specialty 
seventy years ago, and the business has been 
followed as a specialty, from t hat day to this. 
The surface of the town lands is broken up 
into numerous hills and valleys. Here are 
found tin* rich slate soils, so wonderfully 
adapted to grazing, and from which, it Is 
claimed, a peculiarly delicate flavored cheese 
can be made. 
Its Chief village, bearing the same name of 
the town, lies about eight miles north of the 
Mohawk River. To reach Fairfield village 
from the river, a succession of hills must he 
climbed, hut the wide prospect ami charm¬ 
ing scenery, ns the road winds through the 
choice dairy lands of the country, amply re¬ 
pay for (lie journey. The high lands culmi¬ 
nate in Bartow and Prospect Hills, situate 
just above the village. These points arc re¬ 
garded as classic grounds, since for many 
years they have been the theme and resort 
of students in attendance at the old and just¬ 
ly celebrated seat of learning in the village. 
At the close of a summer day they climb 
to the top of these prominences and enjoy 
the magnificent prospect—the quiet village 
below, the mountains, and the sun slowly 
sinking behind the distant western hills, 
Bartow is one of the highest points in the 
county, and from its top is spread out below 
one of the most lovely prospects of hill and 
dale and woodland that can be imagined. 
To the north is seen that dense forest which , 
stretches away in unbroken solitude toward ( 
the Canadas and St. Lawrence. On the 
oast and south and west, as far as the eve i 
ing, &c. The curds are taken out of the ; turer. It receiver the milk from seven huu- 
vat into the sink at 90°—the acid having dred and forty-one cows, the whole number 
been developed—and they are left, exposed of pounds per day at the lime of our visit 
in the sink to cool. If acid has by chance being 13,500. The largest receipts of the 
been carried too for in the vat, cold water is season per day were 17,500 pounds of milk, 
conducted between the vats under the curds which made twenty cheeses, pressed in fif- 
to cool them rapidly. It is preferred, how- teen and one-half inch hoopa, and weighing 
ever, to cool the curds by exposing them to about seventy pounds each when cured 
the air as they are spread out in the sink. The process of manufacture adopted here 
’iVhen the curds have been cooled down to a is very similar to that followed at the other 
temperature of from 75' 1 to 80", and also are factories which we have described, and need 
thoroughly drained of whey, they are salted not be given again in detail. The cheese on 
in summer at the rate of 2.9-10 pounds salt hand was beautiful in appearance and those 
to 100 of green cheese, and for September we tasted of fine flavor, but the texture of 
about a tenth of a pound less salt. If the those wc bored was less compact or solid 
milk in hot weather is not all right, or if than those of the Norway. The Mkldleville 
tainted, particular attention is given to have factory lias a very high reputation and its 
the curds exposed a long time, after suiting, goods have generally commanded ton prices 
v il , j, rct,mied with good fruits and 
Sf 1411 rtutxnt, reports of the country. What if they had 
° o been influenced by self-interest, bad reported 
-— - a sterile and hostile country, but still had 
KANSAS—FACTS AND FIGURES. remained there accumulating on their own 
T . - account, and oppressing ihe helpless inliab- 
Jt is not of all Kansas I wish to speak, but itants, all the time saying, “ Don't come here 
only of such portions of it as I have seen ye Israelites; this is a barbarous nation; they 
amt know. In Washington county, then, will spit in your face, and kill you if they 
KANSAS—FACTS AND FIGURES. 
wc have not only prairie plains, but prairie 
bills, beautiful swells of every form and size 
to the lofty mountain, crowned with ever 
waving grass and flowers. We have occa¬ 
sional bluffs, with here and there outcrop¬ 
pings of sandstone or white magnesia lime- 
can; the whole country is full of vile Ivu- 
Klux Ivlans.” 
But. Moser might not have been so easily 
gulled ; lie might have inquired, “ How is it 
then, sir spy, that you appear to be doing so 
well there ? I hear you have bought houses 
to the atmosphere. The temperature of the 
curing room is kept at 70 — or as near that 
point as possible. In May the average 
quantity of milk for a pound of curd cheese 
reputation, and its names like the following : - Rose Creek 
goods have generally commanded top prices Swan Creek, Fawn Crock, Coon Creek, &c. • 
c Liimg the summer, as our market reports others less euphonious and sweet, as Thunder 
have shown. Creek, Devil Creek, &c. 
There arc a few other factories in Her- Springs of water are not as numerous as 
We Inner? ^ ,U ‘ cd Sf fbeesc” is made. i a the East. Wells arc sunk here from 
M c hope before long to look over the prem- twenty to sixty or one hundred foot. Many 
““ w 'llVriT, ,,P0U “T / loh f ’ believing of the emigrants here arc foolish enough to 
that .,11 the foe s connected with the manu- take claims waterless and woodless, if only 
far- urn r>f litwh nfL.,.,1 „„„„ „,:n .. .. 3 1 V,, v 
stone. We have beautiful creeks, bearing and lands, carriages, horses and buggies, and 
names like the following: — Rose Creek, that you have a fine time generally—that you 
Swan Creek, Fawn Crock, Coon Creek, &c .; arc gettimr rich ?” 
WJ «y m convenient, in its arrangements, but 
the building is very plain and cheap in ap¬ 
pearance. 
Norway Association, 
The goods of the Norway foci or y stand 
very high in the market. 1 1 , has held its place 
all summer as among the few factories receiv- 
terest and value to the dairy public, 
■-4-44- 
USE OF SALTPETER 
For Preserving the Flavor ol ( lireae. 
very high in the market, It haa held its place Tnr, use of saltpeter in clicoso inanufuc- 
all summer as among the few factories recciv- turc ,m * been long employed in some of the 
ing the highest price for its manufactures at tk iiry districts of England. It is claimed by 
the Little Falls market. Wc found the those who use saltpeter for this purpose, that 
cheeses at this market of excellent texture, 
meaty and very clean in flavor. They are 
of the kind known in market as “gilt 
edged.” The manufacturer is Crab. A. 
James, and the manufacture of so high a 
grade of cheese under some unfavorable 
circumstances shows what good judgment 
and skill can do in manufacturing. The 
lands hi Norway are high in altitude, the 
soil is of lighter character, and Ihe climale 
cooler and more bleak than in those towns 
of the county further south. The factory is 
very neat, and clean in its surroundings, it is 
built on the shuto principle, and the whey 
it helps to preserve the flavor of cheese, im¬ 
proving also the keeping qualities of flu- 
goods. We arc unable to Say how this may 
be, never having made any direct experi¬ 
ments in our own dairy as a test. Saltpeter 
is used extensively in curing meats,und most 
of our readers understand something of its 
effects when employed for this purpose. Wo 
do not understand that saltpeter has ever 
been used to any great extent in American 
cheese manufacture, but wc arc informed by 
an old and distinguished cheese factory 
uiey are Hat aiui every inch of them plowa- 
hie. In such cases it frequently occurs that 
it takes $200 to get permanent water; then 
it must all be drawn from a fathomless well. 
Then, as there is not a tree nor a stone, nor 
aught else but deep, rich soil and surging 
grass with which to build a fire or shelter 
from the sun and storm, every item must be 
bought. 
Now, cottonwood hoards are $25 per 
thousand at the mills and $10 per thousand 
for hauling five miles, aud in proportion for 
a greater or less distance. Pine lumber 
comes only from abroad, and costs from $00 
to $80 per thousand. Oak and black walnut 
arc sparsely found here, and are at prices 
closely approximating pine. Yet hard wood 
is said to be $3 a cord here, delivered. To 
me Ibis seems about as consistent, with the 
prices of other things as that butter should 
be fifteen cents per pound and lard twenty- 
Thesc gentlemen perhaps might answer, 
“ O, sir we have soldiers in Atlanta and 
other places upon whom we can call; upon 
them depends our security and success.” 
How mistaken, kind friends I Your se¬ 
curity depends not upon the soldiers at. your 
command, were their name “legion,” but; 
rather upon the honest integrity of the 
Southern people. They surrendered in good 
faith, and do not intend to violate their 
“ parole.” We intend to obey the “ powers 
that, be,” and we love, respect and honor 
good men and women, come from where 
they may, lie they officers of the Govern¬ 
ment or otherwise. If Uncle Sam sends us 
good and true men (and I imagine lie has 
plenty such) to execute his laws, they reflect 
honor and credit upon the whole country; 
if otherwise, it is His business, not ours, as 
wc are expected only to obey, which we in¬ 
tend to do to the letter. 
Now, Mr. Editor, wc take and read your 
papers; we see many false rumors and state¬ 
ments. Will you allow us to say a word 
hack occasionally, when we arc “aching” 
and smarting so, under the misapprehensions 
ol our Northern friends ?— -friend* wo would 
have them he to us truly! It is poor praise 
can reach, arc lire meadows and pastures of la conducted a long way from tire talldint 
an immense gm*.n* district, fhousanda of „ „ lol „„ „„pkasant como j 
acres of« , cl, arc map pel out >n farms ami contact will, tire milk and cheese. Th 
the fields dotted with countless herds. The 
village lies about eight hundred feet abo ve the 
level of the Mohawk, and the town lands are 
■well watered, having numerous springs and 
streams of never failing water, so located 
that nearly every farm is abundantly sup¬ 
plied- Pastures were looking remarkably 
green for September, and an immense crop 
of hay had been harvested from ihe mead¬ 
ows, but on account of the wet season a 
portion of it had been injured. 
The North Fairfield cheese factory lies 
on the extreme northern limits of the town, 
and is abundantly supplied with pure cold 
water. It takes the milk from five hundred 
water which supplies ihe foclory is defi¬ 
cient and warm, and ice is used to correct 
this difficulty. Cheese manufacturers under¬ 
stand the advantages of having an abundance 
of pure cold water in cheese making, and 
use os follows: *L l ! C Ar and T Ll i S ’ if he Uomostcad9 ’ at 1 ,ilte ^ad the communications of your 
Take from three to three and a half tor one hundred and sixty acres, hut female correspondents. You may frown 
• and reduce it to a fine ‘‘LYlbing else is liis only by costly cash upon this correspondent. Why? Are you 
he sufficient for one bar- P' nviias( ‘- imiy hire His land broken at one of those who believe there is no rood 
»ry filled. Now spread ^ an acre; get it sown to wheat the next in Nazareth? Well, the same God reigns 
floor and sprinkle over f' as0 , n nl an acre more, raise from twenty over us all, and “ every man must /rive ac- 
i evenly as possible, and t0 1 , ’^shcla to 11,0 acrc , aiul sell it at $1 count for himself” and every woman 
hoveling it over. It may l^ r buMiol. Now $20 or $30, minus the cost M 
ihe barrel, and is lit for ol brcakin S a,ul s,locll 'ig, ns above, $7, gives . ". 
xla are to he salted use * 13 ’ or $ 33 ? ahl P pr acre - ,, From Kof, ‘- Aritan*«i 8 . 
by weight, of the com- jAI .V opinion ^judging from tills season’s Planters arc beginning to realize the 
Id of* salt if that alone Crops ’ thal if llie ^beat harvest is cleanly necessity of raising their own com and meat, 
cut, cleanly gathered, cleanly thrashed and wllicll > ' vilh fait* cotton crops will, in a lew 
tall quantities of saltpe- aU saml ’ ,hc L ield l ,(:r acre might safely he - vcai ' M ’ m;ike tlli3 country all that can he de¬ 
preserving butter with 861 dowu at lllirl X to fo »’‘y bushels, which sI *' od - Nearly oveiy plantation has sufficient 
s possible that saltpeter " r ° uld give u g;iiu oI $38 to $33 an acre. Wll( l land on which an abundance of cane 
cheese in the way de- T _ w enty-flve acres would thus give a gain of £ ro "' 8 spontaneously, and stock will keep 
me advantage. $57o to $825. Deduct from this the cost of ,ke entire year without any other fecd- 
harvesting, one-fifth of this gain, and there in ff; and the climate is sufficiently mild not 
D CHURNING sliU rem ains $405 to $GG0; so that after a to rec l uirc belter during the entire winter. 
- * harvest or two such an immigrant may live Any planter can raise all the stock he re- 
e remarked that old and and prosper here. quires for ins own use, with little if any ex- 
akers who have made a But 11 seems to me to ho the part of wis- |,0nse > aftcr be once gets started. Cattle, 
roducing choice butter, dora b>r immigrants, generally, who come bogs and sheep do well, and are not any 
churning, aud havo no berowith little money, or other means, to more subject to disease here than in Ken- 
three -minute churns” take claims with some trees and a spring fuclry and Missouri. 
pounds of saltpeter and reduce it to a fine 
powder. This will lie sufficient for one bar¬ 
rel of salt—best factory filled. Now spread 
the salt on a clean floor and sprinkle over 
, .° l Uietowo ’ receives the milk from four hundred and 
“ < J, “ t";! 1 8 Sw W !. h 1 ’, U,T rf cow. '"re informed thal rare- 
an fin 7 '. nllk 7’"’ ! m u '" 4rc< l f"l attention Is given among patrons to ,fc- 
A nXwT’ ’M” I r“' g '' ’"or clean, sweet milk. An agitator iekepi 
they can appreciate the skill required to pro- ' vil1 ' tbc powder as evenly as possible, and 
ducc a class of “gilt edged” goods where m ' x thoroughly ljy shoveling it over. It may 
the arrangement for water is defective. The then he !Vpftckfc*-4« the barrel, and is fit for 
example here of Mr. James proves that usc - When the curds are to he salted use 
some difficulties at least can he overcome by l|C,1;d quantity, by weight, of ihe eom- 
skill and resource in manufacturing. pound as you would of* salt if that alone 
The factory of the Norway Association was to be employed. 
| everything else is his only by costly cash 
purchase. He may hire his land broken at 
$4 au aero; get it sown to wheat the next 
season at $3 an acre more, raise from twenty 
to thirty bushels to (ho acrc, and sell it at $1 
PC* bushel. Now $20 or $30, minus the cost 
of breaking and seeding, ns above, $7, gives 
$13, or $33 gain per acre. 
My opinion is, judging from this season’s 
Mr. B. Moon, an intelligent manufacturer. 
The dairies in this section are not so large 
as about Fairfield village, nor is the land so 
good for grass; still the “North Fairfield” 
lias placed itself in the first rank for its 
goods. The great abundance of pure cold 
water, and the scrupulous neatness of cvciy- 
th'ing in and about the factory, together wit h 
ihe close attention given by patrons to the 
moving in the night’s milk, and the temper¬ 
ature of the water is reduced with ice, so as 
to keep the night’s milk so that it will stand 
in the morning at a temperature of 60°. Mr. 
James sets the milk for coagulation at 84°, 
and during the process of scalding, 98° is the 
highest temperature employed. The host, lugl ‘ r0 P uta,ion for producing choice butter, 
factory filled salt is used, in spring, at the P 1,c,er to lake time in churning,, and have no 
rate of two and a half pounds to one bun- confidonce the “ three -minute churns” 
We have seen small quantities of saltpe¬ 
ter added lo salt for preserving butter with 
good results, and it is possible that saltpeter 
used for preserving cheese in the way de¬ 
scribed may he of some advantage. 
-4-^*--—-— 
CHURNS AND CHURNING. 
We have heretofore remarked that old and 
experienced butter makers who have made a 
^ ^ -‘-vv itnv umi liuji JHlUHUy IrO OIK! nun- - ***• uvv tuuiua -Him 
I el!very ol clean, pure, healthy milk, lias dred of curd, but in summer the rate is three 80 l iersisLr, n11y hawked about the country, upon them, and it may be some outcropping 
ctoubtluss much influence upon the quality pounds salt, and in fall, two and seven tenths Tll <-‘y say that nice, keepafile butter, of good rocks - Then they will have one hundred 
ot cheese manufactured. The quantity of pounds. As at other factories where hi-di Color and ^vor, cannot he made when the and fif b r acres left for the plow, with a 
milk received on Sept. 3d was 8,600 pounds, priced cheese is made, the heating processes clmrnin S is performed with great expedition. chancc for ^ times the gain as above, 
which made fifteen cheeses, each weighing very slow and gradual, requiring from one T1,is °* )inion of our best butter makers, it C. W. Walker. 
some sixty-three pounds. The largest re- and a Quarter to one and n would seem, finds confirmation in the recent Washington, Washington Co., Kansas. 
fust pan or July ivlren tire duly Mitre,-y of lire acid, und Mr. Jak :„,r,l„,t« hi. 
of milk amounted 13,000 pound,. Tire mccem , 0 t , lc facnUy of .lisimuuMmre e 
average sate of ckoesc up to Aug. 3 Avero proper condition of iL Oml, m il,i» refpcct, 
“ “ c “ cof cl S lll “" CTI ‘ IS P cr pound, tire and to their ozposun to lire ulm,«pUere in 
tt.~e.tomb, t„e ,i„k until muSd Or 
ce “ U„ J Tre course these peculiar oondlUonsof lire curd, 
noundstf clrec- , l cn,lni " k ' ^ "«<!», but must be 
uddle cbeesc f ‘ 3 "' S (on • toca " "» of manulUctui'crs 
Ao *iro i • to the importance of learning these coinli- 
As the manner of making a high priced Rons 
cheese is always of interest to manufacturers. Mr' .n*™- u m— ^ ... 
trial ol churns at the Manchester show of 
the Royal Agricultural Society. The con- 
elUBious drawn from the test were that un¬ 
due haste in churning is not desirable, the 
worst butter made being obtained in the 
A SOUTHERN WOMAN’S LETTER. 
I see our kind editor lias published a one 
woman's letter,” and perhaps he will choose 
ing; and the climate is sufficiently mild not 
to require shelter during the entire winter. 
Any planter can raise all the stock he re¬ 
quires for Ids own use, with little if any ex¬ 
pense, aftcr he once gets started. Cattle, 
hogs and sheep do well, and are not any 
more subject to disease here than in Ken¬ 
tucky and Missouri. 
Labor-saving machinery is much needed 
and hut little used, hut is generally being in¬ 
troduced. 
The State Fair next month bids fair to he 
a success. Arrangements are now being 
made for the accommodation of visit ors and 
articles for exhibition. 
Henry Page, State Treasurer, 
*-4-44- 
Inquiry Concerning U. P. R. R. Lands.— Will 
you be kind enough to give us some infor¬ 
mation concerning lands along the line of the 
. , - - v,vv to flip cpnnt nf «« 1 n t "* TT —»tahi«u eye iu iuu IIUOIUBIH 
gamed by the kind of chum used. Some of . , f. 1 ol C 1 1 1 0V( 1 and uthei ’ luxuries ol the road who would furnish us the same 
the churns held the butter in a granulated 1,1 lebeldom (so-called,) since the war. These chance of knowing an about the lands oontigu- 
state, wliile others reduced the trains or bar are thin £ 9 tliat wer( \” over whose memory °’ is .. t0 tkat ro ; ld ; a8 f 00 ^ ,ho LantI Commissioner 
ticleaof butter to a paste It,'so.jn’ire’pro- 
duccd, by Uie construction of their dashers ’ , own vine and fig-tree and wor- desiraiilo localities in tho West, and if thceo 
or heaters, and whenever this was the case a S11 ^ ( ' 0D accor ' l 'ng lo the dictates of our great monopolies were as anxious to give Jnfor- 
pale, sicklv lookina butter was nrndnod ‘ own .conscience,” enjoying the fruits of our a « we arc to have it they certainly would 
mt-eiesi mi uiunuincMirers 
we give some of the leading features of Mr 
Moon’s process. Tho temperature of milk 
in the morning is 56°. The night’s milk ia 
cooled by passing a stream of water between 
iddMforrowabutaa f-T! h n “** d - " ,e "PPlianceoITJio'almte 'fabireof 6ti " C0 . nUn,Jes 10 1,olJ «• °" r ” I rH«> 
bo „ Sod too Serotare “ tvi « in aktag immediate advantage for "A, g,vo,i to a dram of tills deradpti™, a 
oeen laisect to a temperature of 84 . After regulating this condition of the curds The mechamcal device bemg attached lo make 
EES “ ki " s more ^ 
~ eT S V ^l 111 fr- T - he " r ° ll0W pounds each.° W^^di^iV^tored 8 'At Wesll0uM bc g lad to see some tests insti- 
^ c b eipeiull( T ul:u ' knift ’. onttmg length, the time of our visit fifteen clicLes were he- tuled at our Stat ® Fairs, cream and milk 
wise ot the vat. Let the curds now eland ing- made daily. The hfoliest receints of beifig provided of Uie same quality and tem- 
h n e “rriih u!e c ^ rorms v' v, r ^^ 
:,l. " ? t the peipondicular pounds, which made eighteen and a half ex P e nenccd butter makers or experts, 
kmfc aci css the vat. The breaking having elieeses per day. Sales h id been made We need some well-conducted and reliable ,. 
rnmnir » C T : “• bt "f‘ ,0 l re ratol| y weekly, Ll cl.e« ehipped off up to the it 168,3 of M “ d , «* *•« country is full of ,™‘ 1 "TL't'’ t# ° MS in re “ <iri “* 
applied, and is continued until the mass of August. "newfangled” churns and farmers are often P iec J oua boon to orn- common country after 
reaches a temperature of 98% the lime occu- " The MLidiovtim. greatly deceived in their purchases. 
pied being ono and a half hours or there- This factory is located at Middlem.P in -- 4-44 - 
31r. James says he likes to develop the 
acid “ sharp” through June, July and August, 
but in fall not so much. As soon as it can 
ho detected in the vats the whey is imme¬ 
diately drawn, and, as wo have before re- 
pale, sickly looking butter was produced. 
Another noticeable feature in the test was 
that the old up-and-down dash principle 
of August. 
The illiifiUcvillr, 
This factory is located at Middlevn.e. in 
ll.re. _11_ _ «•» . 1 -mm-m- _ 
4 piocess he regular and gradual, shutc and other modern improvements, and 
bouv whc *y ls not usually employed, as it is With every convenience, as to water, ’that 
preferred that the acid he developed in heat- can he desired, C. Shemahorn manufne- 
“new tangled” churns and farmers are often 
greatly deceived in their purchases. 
•- 4-44 - 
The Dairy Departmem ol the Rural grows in 
interest, and ought lo grow in space; for the I 
amount of interesting and valuable matter re¬ 
lating to this interest which is increasing on our 
hands, and for which we cannot And room at 
once, shows how firmly this industry is estab¬ 
lished. Patience, gentlemen, aud we will work 
it into our columns. 
own honest toil in peace and security This ' , A ? lll 0 " gh your VOry valuable col- 
H ill WI> 4 «lr 17 , 1-1 : . : % • 11118 umns. It they have no Land Commissioner 
„ nc asl£) and 1 tIinik » is a light boon of whom wo cau ask questions, can you not 
lor a eouqueror to grant. trivc us the name of a Superintendent, at some 
We were subscribers to the Rural before western point, whom we may communicate 
the war, and it was read with so much nlea- 5? ? ?? droulh i ,eic (no 7 al , ri siuoe ,he 16th 
sure ind r.vf.fii ) ,, 11 ,1 . , , U . , of June,) does not destroy the hope that “far- 
SUH, and pi out by its all, that 1 determined off fields” may yet be green, and wo want a 
to have it again as soon as possible after the ehunce to know whether it is so.— Prank Irish, 
war closed. And as the Federal soldiers. Oummlt> 0, Forsyth Co., Ga ., Sept. 7, im 
during the war, often assured me that “ they The Beat Laborer* I,,' \ he 8o«,h.-A con-es- 
wcie lighting for the Union aud the Consli- pondent, S. W., writes the Rural:— “The best 
tution, and as soon as the rebels laid down reconstructed farmers at the South now say that 
their arms we should have peaew,” I flattered tho bost labore rs for cotton gi-owing' are the ne- 
rnvself that all , groos; after tnoy have completed their task in 
! J , , . g0 ° ! P ( C01 . )le at tLe Novlh the field thinning out cotton plants, they lie 
u OUICI Unite their etlorls in rcstormg that down on their backs in the hot sun and take a 
precious boon to our common country aftcr na P- No white man could do this, nor could ho 
the "surrender.” But. alas! “there is no 8uba,1st on two pounds of bacon and a peck of 
Peace to the wicked ’ 11,0 T.™™ ««/i corn a week - Loafing and consequent stealing 
myself that all good people at the North 
the “surrender, ’ But, alas! “there js no 
peace to the wicked ” saith ihe Bonn and 1 weex - J ' oan,i ^ and consequent stealing 
Ihot ™ * J- 1 1 ’ , , ’ is tholr besetting weakness, but this Is cured 
t L ( 1 - " icked we deny not; hut that only by good wages, good treatment, and tho 
wc are as wicked as we are often re- terror of the law." 
ported and believed to he by prejudiced « .. „ 7 ,— e ? *L , :—% 
papers and persons we deny with emphasis, up in the line of fruit culture. The climate and 
All, friends, j'ou know us not; you have soil are so well adapted to the growth of the pear 
not sent true and honest “spies” into our t,mt fifteeu feet apace for dwarfs ia required. 
land as Israel of old did in bveone davs Early v . arIe “ e3 of ,f B ^ rs T , a I ld appte9 prove re * 
in ojrjjuuc uuys, j mi ,uerative here.—G. F. B. Leighton. 
