EXCELSIOR 
$3.00 PER YEAR. 
Slagle No., Eight Cent". 
(11 Park Row, New York, 
I S~ Ihill'ulo St., Rochester 
[Entered accormngtOjVctnf Conpros.s in th^your liW, hy D. D.T. Moore, in the Clorlfa Oftioe of the District Court of the United States tw the Southern DistricToi 
Arboxicitltnre 
natural protection, varieties, and tins object 
of the planter all enter Into the decision. We 
have not space here to consider these. 
EXOCHORDIA GRANDIFLORA 
FALL PLANTING TREES 
DRESSING HOGS. 
At a meeting of the Delaware. (Ohio) 
Farmers’ Club the subject of slaughtering 
and dressing hogs was discussed, as well as 
the curing of pork. It, was recommended 
that the hog should he laid on the buck; 
tlmt the party butchering should stand over 
the hog, left hand on nose, edge of knife to¬ 
wards the hog; cut both arteries, three 
inches sufficient, five better, the main thing 
is to bleed well. Scald as soon as killed— 
two hogs to one kettle of water; blood is a 
good test for the water; if too hot it curdles 
the blood; water should bo soft, if hard 
throw in some ashes; some prefer pine tar 
or resin. 
Throw a bucket of cold water over the 
hog as soon as scalded—it closes the pores 
and whitens the skin. When lumg up, wash, 
scrape upwards, wash again, and wipe with 
a cloth; should be thoroughly washed, 
scraped and wiped; heart or liver should 
never be cut in the hog; take entrails out to 
jugular vein, then take the vein, heart, and 
liver out. 
The pork should be slightly salted for two 
or three days, akin down, and then turned 
and covered with salt; put in brine for thirty 
days for medium-sized ham; brine should be 
brought to a scald, but used cold; brine should 
be preserved, old brine the best, but should be 
boiled and skimmed before used; salt should 
be well rubbed in; coarse salt the best, not 
safe tu use salt in the bottom of the barrel 
after having stood for some time; eight 
pounds salt, five pounds sugar, and onc- 
Tms is one of the most beautiM hardy 
shrubs in cultivation. It, was sent from China 
to England by Mr. Robert Fortune some 
fourteen or fifteen years ago; but owing to 
the difficulty experienced by nurserymen in 
propagating it, very few plants have reached 
the gardens of this country. 
The habit of the plant is peculiarly grace- 
tul, and when covered in spring with its 
largo, pure white flowers, it is an object 
worthy of g> n ral admiration. IIow large 
a shrub the Kxochordia will make when full 
grown we arc unable to say; but, judging 
from the oldest specimen in this country, it 
will scarcely reach a height of more than 
ten or twelve foot. It produces no suckers, 
and may be trained to a single stem, form¬ 
ing, as it docs naturally, a very handsome 
miniature tree. 
When this plant was first discovered by 
Mr. Fortune, the English botanists sup¬ 
poses! it, was a remarkable species of the 
Spirit a; and Sir William Hooker described 
it Under the name of Spirted yrandijiora ; but 
when the plants produced fruit, its distinct 
botanical characteristics were at, ouce ob¬ 
served, and the name Evochordia grundijlora 
given it. 
Although difficult to propagate by the or¬ 
dinary method, yet. layers will strike root the 
second, if not the first season, after being 
buried. Plants have also been grown from 
Tins subject was discussed at the Fruit 
Growers’ Club hi this city the other day. 
One gentleman stated that he would he glad 
to give three hundred dollars if he could be 
assured that he could safely plant the trees 
he wanted to plant, this fall. But his ex¬ 
perience with fall planting had niado him 
timid. He asked for Information. Mr, 
Fuller said that north of New York City 
he could not recommend fall planting. He 
knew that it was both recommended and 
practiced, and often successfully, but tie be¬ 
lieved it safer to transplant deciduous trees 
in spring; and evergreens should never be 
transplanted in the fall. But lie recommend¬ 
ed the taking up deciduous trees designed 
for spring planting, in the fall, cutting off, 
smoothly, the bruised roots and heeling them 
in deep to remain until the time of planting 
in the spring. By so doing, the roots cut off 
callous (as they always must before they be¬ 
gin to grow) during the winter and are ready 
to grow in the spring without delay. 
Mr. Puller was asked why It would not 
answer as well to cut off the. bruised roots 
and transplant regularly, as to heel in—why 
the roots would not callous all the same, if 
so transplanted? Ho replied that if heeled 
in they could be put deeper in the ground, 
below frost, where the callousing process 
could go on during winter; but if transplanted 
where the trees were to stand, the roots were 
likely ft) freeze and the callous would not 
make until spring. In t he warmer climate, 
where ground does not freeze, fall planting 
might safely be done. 
Of course there were gentlemen present 
who dissented from Mr. Fuller’s position 
as to deciduous trees. Their practice and 
experience for many years had taught them 
that fall planting whs not only safe, but best 
—one gentleman asserting that bis experi¬ 
ence bad proved that by fall planting he 
gained at least a mouth’s growth for his trees 
the first, season. The ground is in better 
condition to receive the tree, the work is 
more carefully done, because other duties 
press less imperatively. But it is important 
that the work should be well done that the 
wind may not twist the trees about and 
loosen them in their places. 
There is one feature about fall planting 
that was not touched upon by the speakers. 
Mr. Fuller’s theory as to the effect of frost 
upon the roots, the vitality and future growth 
of a fall transplanted tree, we believe to be 
correct, and accounts, in a measure, for the 
varied experience had in fall planting. But 
Monthly; but it is questionable, from the 
character of the young plants, whether they 
will equal in beauty, breadth, and compact¬ 
ness, the one of which I now write. 
Next among rare evergreens 1 noticed a 
dwarf Norway, with the compact habit of 
pj/t/niM or nana, but somewhat stronger, 
and forming a plant four feet high and near¬ 
ly seven feet broad at the base. This is also 
a chance seedling, preserved by the watch¬ 
ful eye of a lover of the beautiful in tree and 
flower. As an extreme contrast Abies mon - 
strosa and Abies cremita are two of most 
singular conformation, often throwing up 
single sterns of four to five feet without a 
branch, and then only giving out a lateral— 
as grape growers would say—without any 
connection or idea of form; and these with 
a host more of rare novelties valuable to the 
amateur lover of Creation’s vagaries, ns well 
as to the wants of those who have small 
“ door-yard plats,” us the writer, who hails 
from Yankee land, has been taught to call 
them. Audi. 
A PROLIFIC SOW. 
1 see in the Rural of September 18tli, 
an account of a “prolific sow” who has 
raised one hundred and twenty pigs in five 
years and five months, ten litters of ten 
each, one of twelve and one of eight. The 
writer, Stohrb Barrows of South Trenton, 
Oneida Co., N. Y., wishes to know if any 
man has beat his neighbor iu iiog raising. 
My neighbor, Edgar Betts ofHumpden, 
Ohio, has a sow (Chester White and York¬ 
shire crossed,) four years old in February 
last. She has had nine litters of pigs, as 
follows: 
1st litter..... iq 
2U litter, ... 17 
3rd, 4th, 5l.li, 6th and 7th litter^ 18 each,!.’ [ <X) 
8th litter,. o.i 
9th litter,. 18 
Total... .‘Tea 
which makes one hundred and sixty-two 
pigs in four years and eight months. The 
sow weighs live hundred pounds, is perfectly 
white, and so have been all of her pigs. 
Mr. Betts has sold five hundred and 
twenty-one dollars’ worth of pigs raised 
from his sow. Will old Oneida try again? 
Friend Barrows, here is an item for your 
“ scrap book.” R. C. Thayer. 
Hampden, Geauga Co., Ohio, 1809. 
EVERGREEN ETCHINGS. 
A New VVoepiuc: or Drooping Norway 
Kpruce—Rare Collection of Evergreen" In 
Ohio. 
After attending the great strawberry 
show of the Cincinnati Horticultural So¬ 
ciety, in June last, I visited the nursery and 
garden grounds of Frank Pentlanp, at 
Lockland, situated some fourteen miles north 
of Cincinnati. I was attracted thereto by 
my love of roses, and by hearing of bis im¬ 
mense collection then in bloom, and num¬ 
bering over seven hundred varieties. The 
report was not overstated, and my notes 
on roses arc in hand, and some day, aye, 
soon, shall be given to the readers of the 
Rural New-Yorker ; but just now, as it 
is more especially a good time for moving 
evergreens in the Southwest, let me speak of 
Pentland’s collection of rare and beautiful 
conifers. 
And first of a chance seedling, drooping 
Norway spruce, of which I herewith give a 
sketch. Mr. Pen tland selected It some 
eight years since from his seed bed. On ac¬ 
count of its peculiarly drooping and yet com¬ 
pact habit,he placed it in a favorable position 
aside from other trees, that it might develop 
its character, (if it, had what lie believed,) 
viz.:—a true drooping and yet compact one. 
The appearance of the tree now is somewhat 
like that of Mr. Wales’, in Dorchester, 
Mass., but not SO rank a grower, and form¬ 
ing a broader base, a more regular pyramid, 
perfectly compact, without a flaw'or opening, 
or break of foliage from its base to the growth 
of the past year. The Weeping Nor ways 
which have been propagated and offered for 
sale in our nurseries mostly, if not all, have 
come from one in Europe, a figure of which 
was given some time since in the Gardener’s 
WHAT AILS THE PIGS, 
A NEW WEEPING NORWAY SPRUCE, 
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