from Kettle Bottom report that the fresh water 
extends out as far as that point, which is twenty 
miles seaward from Scjcuin. 
New Hji mpMliire. 
Prof. E. T. Quimiiv of Dartmouth College is 
now completing the trigonometrical survey of 
the State. The Professor hopes to finish his 
part of the survey in nbout a week. He is using 
an instrument called the heliotrope, for signal¬ 
ling with the operation ol which haziness will 
not interfere, and sunlight only is needed to in¬ 
sure success. 
Vermont. 
Hon. Pbter T. Washbi-rnp., the new Gov¬ 
ernor of Vermont, delivered his Inaugural on 
the 16th. It was quite brief, mid represented 
the finances of the State to be In u hopeful con¬ 
dition. He deprecated irreverence for all law 
begotten through general disregard of some 
special laws, and cited the constant, and open 
violation of the Usury laws as a case iu point. 
Ho also dopreoated the expense to the .state of 
legislation for merely private Interests. 
Vermont has mtltled the Fifteenth Amend¬ 
ment. The vote was taken by yeas and nayefn 
each House, and was unanimous in the Senate. 
I In the House there were twelve votes against it, 
but Colonel Dickey of Bradford, the acknowl¬ 
edged loader of the Democracy, and their can¬ 
didate for Speaker, voted yea, as did also Mr. 
Blabop of Bolton. 
ITIaNftaoJiiifteft*. 
Cuari.es W. Eliot was Inaugurated Presi¬ 
dent of Harvard University on Tuesday, the 
19th inst. Ex-Gov. John H. Clifford as President, 
of the Board of Overseers made the preliminary 
address, and was followed by the new President 
in a long address setting forth his views upon 
the great problems in regard to education which I 
arc now attracting so much attention among the 
educators of this count ry. 
By the financial statement of the Peace Jubi¬ 
lee, Just made public, the receipts are put down 
at $290,270.33, and the expenses 283,388J?J, leaving 
a balance of $6,882.18, which has been given In j 
Mr. Gilmore, ’fills sum, in addition to that ro. 
I ci‘ived Horn the benefit concert tendered him, 
amounts to $39,028.04 
On tDo 21st the Kepuhiieniis of the Seventh 
District nominated George M. Brooks of Con¬ 
cord, to till tlio seat, vacated li.y Secretary Bout- 
well. 
Illiode Island. 
Tue Ithodo Island Locomotive Works are now 
employing four hundred skilful workmen, but, 
are obliged to increase their force to answer the 
demands upon them. 
A few days since an engineer on the Provi¬ 
dence, Hartford and Flshkill road discovered a 
stoppage in (lie water pipe of his locomotive, 
and put In his linger, when ho immediately got 
a bite. With the aid of a hook he finally fished 
out an eel measuring fourteen and a half inches, 
which had passed from (ho water pipes into the 
tender. 
Connecticut, 
An alien in Terryvillo recently refused to pay 
his poll tax and was taken to Jail, Upon Ids re¬ 
lease he sued the town for false imprisonment, 
claiming $1,000 damages, on the ground that an 
alieu was exempt from poll tax. Til® ease was 
taken before Judge Gillette, iu Wutcrbury, who 
rendered a verdict in favor of the town. 
It has recently been decided at the Superior 
Court, iu the ease of Lord against, the town of 
Litchfield, that laud exempted from taxation by 
the Act of 1792, because ol its charitable use or 
bequest, can he legally taxed, if it has been per¬ 
petually leased, or otherwise conveyed, so that 
its income is not directly appropriated to chari¬ 
table purposes. The act under which the de¬ 
cision was given was passed in 1859, and will 
considerably increase the taxable property in 
(he State. 
Pennsylvania. 
The official returns givo Governor Geary 4,590, 
mid Judge Williams, for the Supreme Court, 
8,703 majority, 
Several medical societies, and a large number 
of the citizens of Carlisle, including liv e of the 
jury, have petitioned for the pardon of Dr. 
Schooppe, convicted of the murder of Miss 
Stenacko by poison. The lady died, the peti¬ 
tioners say, from purely natural causes. 
On the 20th, John Collins, a City railroad con¬ 
ductor iu Philadelphia, whs shot and out on the 
head with a luttchcb it is supposed by a man 
named John Swift, who was arrested for the 
offense. 
The total amount which lias reached Mr. Hen¬ 
derson Gaylord, the Treasurer of the Avondale 
Relief Fund, is$59,632.87. George H. Stuart of 
Philadelphia has about $30,000 additional, which 
Is available. 
A man named John Hill was killed at Phila¬ 
delphia on the 15th Inst, by falling through the 
hatchway of the steamer Juniata. 
It will he remembered that the Philadelphia 
city election of a year ago was contested 
and carried before the courts. A deoisiou was 
reached on the 10th Inst, and Mayor Fox was de¬ 
clared entitled t<> file seat by a majority of sixty- 
eight. All the other Democratic incumbents 
were thrown out. The opinion of the Court 
showed that, many frauds had been committed. 
Judge Ludlow dissented from the decision. 
Charles Gibbons, Hie Republican District At¬ 
torney, lias entered upon the discharge of his 
duties until the decision of the Supreme Court 
is rendered on I lie certiorari, which writ, is said 
to have been Issued by Judge Sharswood many 
hours before the decision of the Common Pleas 
Court, and will therefore bo disregarded by a 
majority of the Supreme Bench. 
Missonri, 
Toe proprietor of a cotton factory near Stock¬ 
holm. Sweden, has purchased a large tract of 
I Hid in Southeast Missouri, whore he intends es¬ 
tablishing colonies of liis countrymen, and to 
bull'd factories, &c., which will give employment 
to 1,300 fatnil.es. A portion of the colonists are 
already on tlielr way to this count ry. 
The Convention at Kansas City, Mo., to con¬ 
sider on the proposed railroad from Kansas City 
to Memphis, Team, on the 19th elected Col. J. M. 
Richardson of Springfield, Mo., President, and 
R. D. Wiliams of Kansas City, Secretary. 
California. 
Rev. Orange Clark, the oldest Episcopal 
minister on the Pacific Coast, died In San Fran¬ 
cisco on the 9th lust 
Markets 
MONEY AND STOCK MARKET 
DOMESTIC NEWS 
WaNliIngton. 
President Grant, General Sherman and party 
left Washington on Hie 14th for the Fair at 
Frederick, Md., where they were warmly wel¬ 
comed, and the President made quite a speech 
in response. On the 15th they visited the battle- 
lied at An detain, and returned to Washington in 
the evening. 
A memorial to Congress has been prepared by 
the citizens of Washington setting forth various 
grievances under which they labor owing to 
Congressional neglect of affairs of the District of 
Columbia. A number of public Improvements, 
which properly are the workol the Government, 
they offer to complete if permission he granted 
them. They say the prosperity of the city is im¬ 
peded by the uncertainty of its remaining the 
National Capital, and conclude their petition by 
asking Congress, lu case it should see fit to grant 
redress for the several evils complained of, to 
place the District, under the Jaws and govern¬ 
ment id’ the Stale of Maryland or Massachusetts, 
or any other State that muy be deemed proper. 
It is proposed by the State Department to 
change our Consuls In Europe from place to 
piano every year in order to prevent their enter¬ 
ing into business id their posts. 
The Secretary of State has issued a circular 
conveying information received from M. do 
Kafakuzy, the Russian Minister, to the effect 
t hat persons in this country arc endeavoring t o 
sHl Polish Cretin Fancier bonds stolon from a 
Warsaw bank during the recent Polish insurrec¬ 
tion. and that the Russian Government, disclaims 
all responsibility for losses Incurred by persons 
who may purchase them. 
Although complaints continue to come to the 
Treasury Department of the scarcity of frac- 
eapocially in the Southwest, it 
Ho was a native of Massa¬ 
chusetts, graduated at Harvard College, and 
previous to going to California preached succes¬ 
sively in Waterford, Delhi, Lockport and Roch¬ 
ester, N. Y., and Northampton and Quincy, 
Mass. He was seventy-two years of agent the 
time of his death. 
The gold snuff box sent from San Francisco to 
the Pope contained about SflOOIn gold. The box 
is three and a half Inches Jong and two and a 
half inches wide. On the top, in a blue enatncJ 
setting Is a raised ovai of rich gold-bearing 
quart*, remarkable for Its purity of color and 
the manner in which the streaks or gold ore are 
interspersed throughout. The box bears the 
following Inscription “To the Holy Father 
Pio Nono, from the Vicar-General, Ban Fran¬ 
cisco.” 
San Francisco dispatches report, numerous 
and destructive tires in die city and throughout 
the Slate, with heavy losses. Eleven hundred 
passenger* arrived week before last, by rail from 
the East, and most of them Intend settling in 
California. 
44 ork has been begun on the California and 
Oregon Railroad, and will l>c vigorously pushed 
to completion. Material for one hundred miles 
Of road are on hand. 
Nevada. 
Tub effects of the First. National Rank of Ne¬ 
vada have passed into the bands of Surveyor- 
General Davis of that State as assignee. 
u $• -va* c.- i v. V.VHZ 'c. ts.'iir' - * 
K-§-now i r.s. to-HM, ...t07* 
V. B.u-Wte v. u>.U!>x 120 Iso-year cur Pac.lOTk 
We quote the price of stocks at 1 P. M. to-day as 
follows: 
,, , , Oil’d. Ask'd. I Off'd. Asls’d- 
Cunoberlnmt..., 2 * ‘ Alton & T. 11 ... - 
4V, > Ac Co. KX 20 20V I Alton A T.II.pf - - 
American Kx... at 86* | Tot. W. At W... 65\ t.tty 
Adams L.v. 56 57* Tol W & W. pf. - • 
L. 8. Ex......... 55 A8 • >111. A St. Paul,. 09v 69K 
Mor. Luton Kx.. 9 - M. A St. Paul nf. 82 2 S2v 
Quicksilver- 12S . Otatn A Miss . . 2f gi 
Umouid...52v fie | Mich. Cent.122'- 12i 
Pacific Matt... «i* fit Mich, Smith. !«•>; 
West-IT. Tet,. . Sto; SC* | III. Cent.E,v, - 
N. Y.Oon.«'* Clev. & Pitts..,, or ptv 
Kite.I CTev Cot A Pin.. — - 
Erie Prof..54 .Viv, | Cble. It 1 A Puc-lto* R6U 
Hudson Itiver..179 IT.!'-.: (’.AN. Western 71V 71*? 
Harlem.144 in* 1 C. d N. tV'rn pf 84 84V 
Harlem pref..,. — - Ilosion W. p.... — — 
Rending. 98X P6.S ! Mariposa. 8 8* 
Ohje. A, Alton...Ill 113 , .Mariposa pref.. 16* Pi* 
(hie., .t Alt, pf.lll lit Fort. Wiiv no.84k' 84* 
PRODUCE AND PROVISIONS, 
N«W York. October 22, 1S6J. 
Bonus nnd Pens.—Small parcels of selected 
hand flicked marrows to the local trade have been 
quoted above our table. Prime new marrows have 
brought *.%i3.25. 
The following Is the range for new and old stock : 
Beans, medium to prime, t2.40C4.2JiQ; common to fair. 
$1.50(^2.251 new prime, $2.ii0re3.05; marrows, prime, 
$2.75@2.65; ordinary to medium, $1,75&2.50; now, 
prime, f2.kV.> 2,93. Canada peas are without move¬ 
ment, nominal at $1.50 for tleld, duty paid. Southern 
black-eye peas are quiet, but hold a little stronger ; 
$.4.25f.»4.50 V two-bushel bng. The receipts of beans 
business, had gone into the interior where 
neither telegrams nor letters could reach him, 
find probably lias never heard of the case. 
The Cuba was libelled on the 19th, and the 
United States Marshal hoarded her and demand¬ 
ed the surrender of the ship Into his hands. 
Commodore Higgins declined to surrender hi* 
ship except to an officer of the United States 
Navy and undej* a direct, order from President 
Grant. After some delay, Lieutenant-Com¬ 
mander Pierson of the United States gunlinnl 
Frolic, utino on board die Cuba and demanded 
the surrender of the vessel, showing an order 
direct from the President for tiic Cuba to be 
turned over to him. Commodore Higgins then 
surrendered hi* sword and vessel to Lleutonant- 
Oommander Pierson, and himself a prisoner of 
war 1o the Navy of the United Slates. The Cuban 
flag was then hauled down by the Cnijed State* 
authorities, and the entire erew sent ashore. 
The affair, In some of its aspects, fs regarded 
in Wilmington as an outrage, especially the 
turning loose lu the city of over one hundred 
sailors and marines entirely beyond restraint or 
eontrol of officers. In anticipation of trouble, a 
large special police force was put on duty in the 
city. 
IamlKinna, 
The Louisiana State Seminary, near Alexan¬ 
dria, was destroyed by fire on the 14th inst., set, 
it is supposed, by an incendiary. The loss is 
$140,(XX). The buildings were not insured. 
TcnncKNoe. 
Henry cooper >f- .Davidson county was 
elected United States Senator on Friday, the 
22d inst,. In the four days of previous balloting 
Andrew Johnson stood ahead ol all other com¬ 
petitors, but, the highest vote lie received was 
hut ilfty-ono, while fifty-live was accessary to n 
choice. Mr. Cooper received just that number. 
Kentucky. 
A portion of the trestle-work ol' the bridgo 
now building across the Ohio River at Louisville 
gave way on the liitli instant,, mid six workmen 
were precipitated a distance of ninety-six feet. 
Two were killed, two fatally injured, and tlio 
other t wo slightly. Another man, while walk¬ 
ing across the bridge, missed his footing, fell 
the same distance, and was instantly killed. 
Extensive arrangement* are being made in 
Louisville for the re-union of the Array of Ten¬ 
nessee. which meets in that city on the 18th and 
19th of November. 
The Commercial Convention at Louisville, ad¬ 
journed ulm die on the 10th. The emigration ' 
majority report, favoring the introduction ol' 
Chinese labor, led to a lively dismission, nqd the 
Whole matter was finally voted down. President- 
Fill more, lu reply to a vote of thanks for “the 
dignified and impartial manner in which lie hud 
discharged his duties," after alluding to the im¬ 
portance of the Convention, said that ho should 
never again appear in a public body. 
Ohio. 
The majority for Gov. Hayes in Ohio is 8,078. 
The Legislature stands Senate one, House three 
Republican majority. 
The railway conductors opened their second 
annual National Convention on the 20th inst., at 
ColinnbUs, when Gen. George 11. Wright, Rail¬ 
road Commissioner of Ohio, delivered the an¬ 
nual address. There were ninety-six delegates 
present. 
Indiana. 
In a shooting affair at Taylorsville, on the 17th 
inst., Harvey Spriligstoor and his brother Abra¬ 
ham were killed by t wo brothers named Clark. 
Soon afterwards a self-constituted Committee 
waited upon Moss Iticc, who had previously 
been “warned" to leave the county, raid fired 
several shots at him, upon winch h- left- Au¬ 
di tier of the Rices, who had been “ warned;" but 
failed to comply, was found dead in the woods. 
Springstoor, it was believed, was a member i»f 
the Vigilance Committee. 
Illinois. 
Admiral Farragut is very much better and 
is improving rapidly. Ho hopes to leave Chicago | 
iu a lew days. 
Bonds (o the amount of $145,000, which were 
stolon from the hanking house of Collins, Uil- 
nuin A: Co., of Chicago, Ill,, a few weeks since, 
have been recovered by i he detectives employed. 
A man named Malaehie, at Areola, on the 14th, 
and a married woman named Buchner, at 
Chicago, on die 18th. were both burned to death 
by the explosion of kerosene lamps. 
A Stock Exchange has been organized in 
Chicago, and is to open about the 1st. of Novem¬ 
ber. D. H. Dcnter has been chosen President. 
An Austrian baron, who was carrying the hod 
in exile in Galesburg, received a full pardon 
and au-ieh estate recently just us he was about 
mounting the ladder with liis load. He was so 
overjoyed that lie gave five hundred dollars to 
the post-office messenger who carried him the 
letter. 
tional currency 
is ascertained by the records of Treasurer Spin¬ 
ner that there is now in circulation lour mil¬ 
lions more small currency than at any time since 
tlio currency was issued. 
Assistant, Secretary Richardson is still in the 
Treasury Depart incut, but intends pressing his 
resignation. 
A writ was served on the 14th on Secretary 
Mont well to show’ cause why he has withheld 
the twenty per cent, additional wages from Gib 
machinists In the engraving bureau of the 
Treasury Department, who have entered suit 
for It. 
Passed Assistant Surgeon Charles L. Green, 
who was tried recently before a court martial 
lor disobedience of orders, lias tendered his 
resignation, which lias bean accepted, to take 
effect from Jam 15,1870, the date of tlio expira¬ 
tion of his leave. 
The wreck of the ship J. P. 4Vhlt,neyof New 
Uric hi* i* reported to the State Department by 
our Consul at tlio Mauritius. The wreck of the 
ship Electric Spark on the Irish coast is also re¬ 
ported by the Consul at Dublin. 
New York. 
Governor Huffman has issued his proclama¬ 
tion appointing Thursday, Nov. 18, as Thanks¬ 
giving day. 
The car shops of the Lako Shove Railroad at 
Buffalo were destroyed by fire on the 17th inst. 
Loss, with other property consumed, $300,000; 
said to he fully insured. 
At a review of the Thirty-fifth Regiment of 
the State National Guard, held at the village of 
Adams, near Syracuse, on the 14th inst., a row 
occurred bet ween the citizens and soldiers, 
which resulted in die severe injury of a number 
of persons. 4\'hisky was the exciting cause of 
the disturbance. 
lion jam i'n Payne, a tobacconist of Albany, has 
been convicted of making fraudulent returns to 
tin? Government, the jury in liis ease bringing 
in a verdict of guilty iu that city on the 15th 
ins). But the sentence was suspended until 
June and the prisoner was held to bail in the 
sum of $10,000. 
Captain Russell, of the Washington Ice Com¬ 
pany, located on Rogers Island, near Outsit ill, 
fell from a scaffold thirty foot high, on the 15th, 
and was killed. 
A passenger, supposed to be Allen McDonald, 
while intoxicated, fell from the ears of Hudson 
River Railroad on the loth, near Garrison’s, and 
was instantly killed. 
The Brooklyn Art Society will eoon(l>egin the 
erection of their new building on Montague 
st reel, adjoining the Academy of Music. It is to 
cost $100,000, exclusive of the lots. The next re¬ 
ception w ill take place at the Academy, Decem¬ 
ber <Jth. 
At die sale of tliorough-breds at Clifton Stud 
Farm, Staten Island, belonging to Mr. Cameron, 
on the 15th, the English brood mares Pussy, five 
years, and Genista, six years old, were sold to 
Mr. John Hunter for $3,000, 1 nvcriigluss and 
Sapphire wore sold for $1,100, and $14,000 was re¬ 
fused for the imported stallion Leamington. 
The other horses nnd colts were withdrawn, the 
owner declining to hid them In, and determining 
to pu-1 pone the sale till next spring. 
The New York Chamber of Commerce on the 
20th appointed Sam. B. Buggies to represent it 
at the inauguration of the Suez Cana), in re¬ 
sponse to an invitation from the Khedive of 
Egypt. The proposition of the Liverpool Cham¬ 
ber of Commerce lor uniform regulations for 
tare and draft on cotton was unfavorably re¬ 
ported upon. 
S. S. King, the aeronaut, made an ascension 
from Rochester on the 19th inst., in his mam¬ 
moth balloon Hyperion. Six gentlemen accom¬ 
panied him. It is estimated that thirty thousand , 
people witnessed the ascension, which took place ] 
at 5 P. M, Tlio party landed near Cazenovin at S 
o’clock, after a highly exciting voyage of otic , 
hundred miles. They came down in u furious 
snow squall, and were pretty roughly handled. 
Pere Charles Loyson Hyaclnthc, the famous 
Parisian preaeher-monk, arrived at New York * 
on the 18th in the Pereira, and took rooms at die 1 
Fifth Avenue Hotel. He will probably remain 1 
in this country until after the meeting of the 1 
Ecumenical Council. 1 
Maine. 
A gentleman from the mouth of the Kennc- ^ 
bee says that the recent freshet in (be Kennebeo , 
has destroyed and driven away the salt water A 
fish along shore. He doaccibes the beach, from 
Fort Popham toward Small Point as being large¬ 
ly covered with dead lobsters. The immense 
amount of muddy fresh water emptying into the a 
ocean has caused t his destruction. Fishermen ii 
minor,—llio receipts for tlio work, 10,63! okas., 
''je nearly double ilium* <>r tin? previous wuelc, hut 
the del vorliw have keen well dUtributed through 
the trade, and the additional quantity wu» fully ro- 
q it I red to Hll the vAiiiiU'Ic.* occasioned hv the lute in. 
icrruptluntn shipment*. I .list week’s prices for Stale 
continue to bo well sustained, considerable strength 
•einv added by the presence «f anxious lCn-tein 
huyers, whose lorul supply him been retarded l r 
trouble plunliir to our ||« n \\ (■•torn butter IK doing 
iMjtturt t|jt*ni arc buyrr.H wlimsc* clae* uX truftoai 
will not uHl}** thfttQ to follow the advance in state. 
J?f the latter »nv Urey ean hardly keep up 
iho freshet excuse much lunger, and toi 
some eoneotodon in their next IrnnsnctlonB. 1 ,i>w 
grades of natter are moving very freely, and nothing 
oJ common grade enn he bought u* low ns at last re- 
fiprt* At this autumn the bakers tuid fact ore turn 
v , 4 the market more regularly than while fruit 
rales as a feature. 
Palis, choice, per tt>. 65 6 ') 
"(T lh. 40 re 0,1 
state firkins, line. 42 v « 
State ttrkliiN, fair to good. ‘ as ,,, jp 
Itf'f V fn,r to .38 40 
state. 4V otsli, tine. . as 40 
Htttto Welsh, fair to good. .. ;y; 
State, fancy selection.*. 45 t„ 47 
suite, store-packed, and common lot*. 20 re so 
'Vesture reserve and tine murk Ohio UrU- 
UIS, fine. .. 20 fe 32 
Western reserre and line mark Ohio itrk- 
1 ns, fair to good. ... 25 re 27 
t.htcago and S'.jrtli w estern, fair to Quo_ ii <> il* 
common. 21 <• 22 
(!hrr*r. Favorable ad vice* from abroad, tie e.ti 
hie now quoting CT*., Ira* kept our Improved i.wr«o 
very stoiuly most of the nitsr. week. The tup; I , f, SI » 
given the homo demand a better ell a nee lor ...-ii..-. 
tlon, hut mitfttite ttaurcs rgUnt liu paid for all lien 
dairies. The export for ttie week ending Oct. in, v. a* 
>,4«) boxes. The quantity for this purpose would 
have been larger, hot ocean Height room 1* scarce, 
’i lie receipt* for the week were 58,82? boAc* :: ,.i.V; 
above lust week. 
Kaqtqry State, extra, f lb. 18 lgw 
factory Statu, good to line, .,n:u c 17 
Paptory State, common, V tt. 15 ‘ isu 
Factory Ohio, fair to prime, T It.. 15 10W 
{• arm Hairy, choice. >< tb.law 17 
{•arm Dairy.good to prime, V lb.. .to re JC'i 
r»rm Dairy, eotnmon to fair.n re 15 
English Dairy, g„od to prime, $ lb. (,k lan 
English Dairy, poor, T It . . 14 j'fl 
Pineapple, Stuto, It..23 (3 25 
Pineapple, ConnectlCuL f it .... . 36 re 28 
( niton. — The low grade* arc rather scarce, and 
advanced ngure* are obtained. The ..ihcr kinds are 
plenty, nnd the dull condition of the Liverpool mar¬ 
ket wcukana nrlcwi. Sale* f,„- December itt 25$e.; 
January at, 25*0. Receipt*, for the week 21.091 hale* 
SPECIAL NOTICES 
SEE ADVERTISEMENT 
Oi Early Rose Potatoes at reduced rates, by NOAH 
P. 1IUSTED. Lowell, Mich. 
USE JOHN DWIGHT & CO.’S 
BEST SALERATDS or their SUPER CARR. 
SODA. No others are equal to these for cooitlNQ 
purposes. Efitiiblislieil 1S46. 
SITUATION AS GOVERNESS, 
A YOUNG Ladt who 1 b competent to give instruc¬ 
tion in the English branches, French and Latin, and 
both Instrumental nnd Vocal Vtnatc, desires a situa¬ 
tion lu a family in New York or vicinity, to touch 
young children and take (lie place of an elder slbler 
generally. The best of testimonials can be i wniAcd 
as to character, ability, etc7 
Itcfeirn cek—The Editor of the Rrn ai. New-Y oitK- 
er. and Rev. Dr. Brigut, editor of the Examiner 
and Chronicle, New York. 
Address TEACHER, care, of Rural Office, 41 Park 
Row, New York. 
