GEN. HUNGERFORD'S AYRSHIRES. 
Ox our first page wo give accurate por¬ 
traits of some of the prize uni mala of the 
famous Ayrshire fieri belonging to Gen. 8. 
1). lIimoKUKono of the beautiful Valley 
Park Farm near Adams, N. Y. This herd 
numbers twenty-three pure bred animals, 
and is owned by one of the most liberal and 
enterprising men in Northern New York— 
a man who entered upon farming as a recre¬ 
ation, and for his health, who now pursues 
it with characteristic energy and success, 
because be has fallen in love with the voca¬ 
tion, and reaps from it n#t only health and 
profit, but the higher enjoyment which is the 
heritage of every man who loves and sym¬ 
pathizes with Nature. 
Mr. Edwin Forres, Artist, visited Gen. 
11 unoeiu oud’s farm and made the drawing, 
from which our engraving is produced, 
there. We need not commend his work to 
our readers. Wc do not know any man in 
tlii country who excels him in animal por¬ 
traiture. We think this engraving excels 
any hitherto given in the Rural. Wc do 
not mean to retrograde. The Ritual's 
motto is Excursion. The engraving was 
executed by Mr. Edwaiid Seaiis, with 
whose skill our readers are already familiar, 
and to whom they are indebted for a large 
proportion of the pleasure derived from the 
excellent engravings which have become a 
distinctive and prominent feature of the 
Re UAL. 
-4.4.4. 
BUYING TEXAS CATTLE. 
1 see in a late Ritual an inquiry made by 
a gentleman who wishes to invest. $1,000 in 
Texas cattle, and who desires to have prac¬ 
tical information on the subject, in which 
request, you join. I laving both seen and felt 
the affliction that results from inexperience 
in that line, 1 fuel it a duty we all owe to our 
fellows to warn where danger lurks. If 
your correspondent never handled that, kind 
of stock, and has not secured Hie services of 
;tn experienced, trusty cattle herder, he bet¬ 
ter put his money to the usurer and hire 
himself to help some old, experienced cattle 
man for a year. lie will save money by so 
doing. 
It he has a good, faithful man, he can pur¬ 
chase to good advantage anywhere along the 
Southern line of Kansas, but cannot move 
them over tlie line, before December 1st, nor 
later than March 1st, in the spring. The 
law forbids it, and mobs will kill them if 
moved northward at any other time than be¬ 
tween the dates named. 
Along the trail from Abylenc southward, 
there are now, and will be for four weeks 
yet, large herds of all ages for sale. If he is 
inclined to prefer wintering them that far 
North, be can buy cheaply there also; but he 
is not prepared with bay for t his winter. 
If he purchases cattle in the Clrrokeo Na¬ 
tion, or along the State line as r west as 
the Little Verdigris, in Montgou. ry county, 
lie can whiter them at very small expense, 
and have them ready to move northward on 
the first grass, and reach Kansas City by the 
1.5th to doth of June, and his herd will all be 
fat, ready for the shambles, and he may fully 
double his money—loss the expense of herd¬ 
ing and moving North. 
11 Ik? prefers not to trade, but to invest in 
young stock, and keep it to raise cattle,— 
which is by far the safest and surest but less 
active anil slower,—he can do well by pur¬ 
chasing young cattle in Texas, or in the In¬ 
dian Nation, and bring them to the line so 
as to get them into Kansas prior to the 1st of 
March If he purchase in February, he can 
easily see what, stock is stout and fat enough 
to g<> through to grass safely j and when 
started on the spring grass they grow amaz¬ 
ingly, multiply fast, can soon be tamed like 
domestic ruLUc, and,-by the introduction and 
use of males of superior breed, he can soon 
have a line herd, 
I would say, anywhere near the liueon the 
Neochee, or westerly, to the Verdigris River, 
or, hotter still, beyond the Verdigris on the 
Cauey, or Little Verdigris, is a perfect para¬ 
dise for stock raising. 
Last winter, without any hay at all, pH 
thin cattle went safely through, and large 
beeves were so fat on grass that the butchers 
of Fort Scott were supplied from that source, 
with fat cattle ranging on the prairies and 
river bottoms. Here are wide timber bot¬ 
toms wherein, grass keeps green all winter. 
The new town of Coffey villo is growing 
up, specially, as a stock headquarters. It is 
on Lfio West, bank of the Verdigris River, 
well located to facilitate that trade both 
for buyers and sellers, with endless grazing 
resource.-., fine soil, and at. suitable distance 
from the Baxter trail, and the western trails 
from Texas. Chetopee and Baxter Springs 
are older points, good for purchasing, but 
not near so good for keeping or raising cat¬ 
tle- as further west. 
The law prohibiting Texas or Indian cat¬ 
tle being moved through Kansas and Mis¬ 
souri is so highly penal that no prudent man 
will attempt to violate its provisions. Con¬ 
sequently from December 1st till March 1st 
only can they go through either of those 
States. In one couoLy of Kansas, Lynn, it 
is not safe to move any Texas cattle at any 
time. The people there, in defiance of all 
law or right, kill them in mid-winter if they 
show the big horn, or have other marks ol 
Texas on them. From those Hints your 
correspondent can think, ponder, and still 
learn more. It. is now a good time to pur¬ 
chase herds. It is said over 00,000 head are 
now in that country. Usually they sell out 
in November. j. k. 
Puola, Oct. 14,1809. 
- 
ABORTION IN COWS. 
As much is said and written as to the 
cause of abortion in cows, I give you my 
opinion. Abortion usually occurs in late 
fall and forepart of winter, when the farmer 
usually feeds his coarse fodder, stalks, 
straw, «fec., that frequently is covered with 
smut.. I have had a lew cases (and my 
neighbors also) of abortion in cows, and 
have observed it occurred while feeding 
smutty stalks. You say “ it is local.” Now 
inquire if those localities do not produce 
much smut on wheat, oat®, corn and June 
grass, which is fed to their cows. The effect 
of smut, rye is well known to produce abor¬ 
tion ; why not smut of any kind ? When a 
boy, near forty years ago, living in Cayuga 
Co., N. Y., many cat tie were effected with 
foot-ail, a disease that, caused the hoofs to 
drop. Feeding cattle on June grass hay, 
having much smut on the heads, was then 
claimed as the cause. If this is true, and 
causes the hoof to drop, would it not be 
likely to cause the calf to drop prematurely ? 
Jackson Co., Midi. David Landon. 
—-♦♦♦- 
COW-POX SORES. 
In answer to an inquiry if there is any ap¬ 
plication that will heal up the sores on the 
teats of cows affected with cow-pox, the ani¬ 
mals being in good condition, hut rendered 
troublesome to milk on account of the sores, 
the Canada Fanner responds;—“In these 
cases it is not well to do anything that will 
interfere with the regular course of the vesi¬ 
cles, but sometimes the irritation of milking 
will aggravate and prolong the duration of 
the ulcers and scabs that are formed, and in 
such cases some mild remedial treatment 
will he proper. A little cooling aperient 
medicine may lie useful, if there is any fever¬ 
ishness. The teats should be kept scrupu¬ 
lously clean, and washed with water before 
and after milking. A lotion composed $>f 
one drachm of sulphate of zinc to half a pint 
of water may also be applied after each milk¬ 
ing. Any mild astringent will probably 
prove beneficial, and if the foregoing does 
not afford the desired relief, a weak solution 
of carbolic acid may be tried, in the propor¬ 
tion of ten grains of the acid to two ounces 
of wa ter.” 
--- 
Dentition of Animal*.—A correspondent of the 
Mark Lane Express says that the dentition of 
animals, ns a test of age, is now exciting- consid¬ 
erable Interest a moan English farmers, on ac¬ 
count of th« disqualification of Lord Radnor's 
ms at the Birmingham Cattle Show. Owen 
Wallis of Mentone states that on oik? occasion, 
when drafting tiis yearling owes, about the end 
of September or beginning; of October, tie found 
one with all its l imb fot-ili undisturbed, and 
showing- no signs of putting up permanent ones; 
while many Others of the same HjfO had four 
broad teeth, nearly fully developed. As these 
sheep had nil been bred alike, the one in ques¬ 
tion bet hr- perfectly healthy and an average 
size, he wishes 1 o have I lie great difference ac¬ 
counted for by veterinary professors. That 
they are generally correct in their derisions he¬ 
lms no doubt, but be thinks Hint the ease de¬ 
scribed tends to show that the teeth nro not. to 
bo relied on ns an unfailing test or ngp, and as 
such great dlsovcpmicies do occasionally occur, 
minute otn-s tnay-do so frequently, and, there¬ 
fore, injustice may be done to exhibitors by dis¬ 
qualifying-animats by Hie dentition or tooth test. 
-4-44.- 
Feed for Cow* Before Calving, —Flense remind 
your readers that a liberal feed or mess of wheat 
bran, given as a slop every day, with, say a 
tablespoonful of common wood nslics to n cow, 
lor ten or more days before coming in. will in 
ever)) instance, insure their doing well; and 
obviate entirely all unpleasant circumstances 
which sometimes follow. This you can recom¬ 
mend as perfectly reliable, not having failed 
when given tu lime iu over forty years' trial.— 
5V. C. TiLLOXSON. 
-44-4- 
Mange on Cattle.— Lewis F. Allen, in “Amer¬ 
ican Cattle," urges cleanliness as a preventive, 
and gives the following ointment as a remedy: 
Two ounces elecampane root, powdered; t wo 
ounces sulphur viruni. powdered; mixed with 
ling's lard. Another ointment is a half pound 
hog's lard, oneouncooil of vitriol, gradual! yadd- 
ing t he lat ter to the lard. 
-♦♦♦- 
Cons Giving Bloody .Mills. W. A. UKIitlY, Car¬ 
rollton, Mo., recommends ns a never-faIIjug- 
remedy t lie root or Poke— Vhybdawa tleeaiuim+ 
Hu says "take a very thin slid.—as large as the 
hand nearly—sprinkle salt on both sides of it, 
and feed to Hie cow. She will always eat it. 
Give every two or three days until a cure Is 
effected." 
4 ♦ »- 
Mange In Dogs.—A Wilmington, N. C., corre¬ 
spondent asks for a certain remedy for mange in 
dogs, assorting that half the dogs iu that section 
are afflicted with this disease. 
arm i£C0mnm 
$ 
FALL MANURING CORN LAND. 
1 drew a large portion of my barn-yard 
manure, •which bad been piled in the yard 
through the .summer, on a ciovcr and timothy 
sod which was planted this season. The 
manure was thrown in piles from the wagon, 
and in November I bad it spread over the 
Sod. It lay thus until the usual time (May,) 
for plowing for corn, &c., this lust, spring. 
The cl feet of the manure was very marked 
on the crops grown during the past season 
on the field. These were Corn, potatoes and 
beaus. Not having enough manure to cover 
the entire field, it. was placed on the poorer 
portions. Every load of manure made its 
mark on the crops, to an extent far exceed¬ 
ing any effect from plowing under coarse 
manure in the spring which 1 ever saw. 
The seed germinated quick, the plants grew 
with vigor, and the crop matured early. 
This experiment satisfied me that more ben¬ 
efit is derived from manure applied in the 
fall to sod ground which is to be planted the 
following year, than to plow under an equiv¬ 
alent amount fresh from the yard in the 
spring. 
Let us consider the philosophy of this 
effect briefly. Manure spread on the ground 
so late in the season as November loses noth• 
ing by decomposition. The cold prevents 
that from hiking place. But the moisture 
of winter and spring dissolves the soluble 
elements of the manure, and carries.them 
into the. soil. These elements are arrested 
and retained mostly, and probably wholly, 
by the first six inches of top soil. When 
the seed is planted it finds, in its first growth, 
food ill the precise condit ion it demands. It 
need not wait till midsummer, as would be 
the case with fresh manure, for it to decom¬ 
pose and become available. Hence the crop 
starts early and vigorously, escapes the effect 
of the usual summer drouth, and mat ures in 
good time. Sleep side-hills from which ma¬ 
nure would be washed, might be an ex¬ 
ception to t lie economy of this method of 
manuring; but in most cases farmers will 
find a great profit in drawing and spreading 
as much manure as possible on their planting 
grounds in the fall. Pekin Tone, 
-44*- 
DRYING MANURES. 
Wiieue is the profit of drying stable 
manure, and bow is it, to be done? Shall we 
build extensive open sheds, with lumber at 
$20 to $25 per thousand ? or will it do to 
spread it on boards in the sun and carry it 
in when it cloqds up. ns our breeders of 
grease and gum on Merino sheep were wont 
to do ? If the droppings of horses or sheep, 
it will be necessary to spread it very thin 
and turn it often, or it, will dry too much to 
suit. Perhaps Mr. Lee knows something 
about lire lunging; and then in winter, 
when most of our stable manure is made, it 
will freeze as fast as spread, and remain so 
in some seasons until it is frozen dry, it 
would take very extensive drying space to 
spread all the manure even of some of our 
smaller farmers. Perhaps it might be done 
by furnaces, something after the manner of 
drying hops; blit, the great question is, will it 
pay ? 
And even in the case of the muck of Dr. 
Nichols, can Mr. Lee prove it to be cheaper 
to build sheds in which to dry out lliat four¬ 
teen ounces of water to the pound, than to 
draw it at once to the barn and compost it ? 
Muck in our climate of alternate sun and 
rain can only be dried under cover, one 
smart, shower undoing the work of days of 
sun. The farmer may, of course, take ad¬ 
vantage of the weather, dig his muck or pile 
his sods and handle them while they are dry- 
esl; but in any event, with our scarcity of 
labor, such work must be done in the inter¬ 
vals of labor on crops. 1 believe the chief 
value of ordinary muck to be as a deodorizer, 
an absorbent of gases and liquid excrement. 
I have drawn muck as needed, obtained bv 
piling sods Jiorn ditch and swamp, when it 
was so wet it would stick to the spade, and 
again when dry enough to crumble and 
spread it on a bed of steaming manure, my 
nose being the only instrument to detect it. 
I could not tell whether the wet or dry ar¬ 
rested the escaping ammonia the sooner. 
The dry is to be preferred, of course, as being 
easier to handle and absorbing the liquid, if 
any. I consider the article of the Pennsyl¬ 
vania correspondent, advising to draw the 
manure directly to the field where wanted, 
and spread or pile, according to circum¬ 
stances, to be much more practicable and 
likely to give satisfactory results. 
Every observing farmer knows manure 
has a mechanical effect upon the soil. 1 
noticed while working among my turnips 
during the driest of the past summer a spot 
where manure was left thicker, that was 
more loose, more friable and moist than any 
other part of the field. How does Mr. Lee 
know his plan would not be a damage in¬ 
stead of an advantage, if adopted? There 
are so many fancies thrust into the notice of 
farmers that it becomes them not to stray 
too far, all at once, from the agricultural 
patli that has not yet led to the jumping-off 
place; and yet Progress should be their 
watchword, and they should remember that 
manure in some form is the sheet-anchor of 
agriculture in the older Slates, as it will be 
of the new. 
It occurs to me t hat if Mr. Lee would do 
some thinking on the subject of his last 
paragraph he might arrive at a definite con¬ 
clusion ns to whether thinking or work, or 
the two combined, might make the present 
I difference between Massachusetts and Ton¬ 
nes! E. N. Dyer. 
North Bennington, Vt. 
--■ ■ 
SAWDUST AS AN ABSORBENT. 
I see, in Rural Sept. 11, the article by 
“G.” upon Sawdust, its use in connection 
with manure. Now, he may be correct, but 
1 think not. He says, to use sawdust alone 
is no doubt hurtful; and it is. Alone, it will 
forever kill land where it is put. I care not 
how much it. may afterwards be manured 
with stable manure, it never can be made to 
produce well. “ G.” claims that it. is an ab¬ 
sorbent, and when used as bedding in 
stables will save all liquid manure. Ho says 
no doubt but that the ammonia acts upon the 
acid in the sawdust and neutralizes if. So 
it may; but what will be the result when 
placed upon land? This:—First, if sown 
broadcast, just so soon as it rains, then will 
commence a rapid exhaustion of the liquid 
manure stored up in the sawdust, and in a 
very short, time sawdust will be left only— 
sawdust, and not one particle of manure in 
it; for the wood will absorb the rain just as 
fast, as it did the manure, in fact, faster; for 
t he rain is a lighter liquid and, consequently, 
must be absorbed faster; the manure being 
heavier, will seek a lower level, and the 
water will stay until evaporated by the sun’s 
rays. If this be the case, where is the ad¬ 
vantage of its use, only as a medium to carry 
it to the fields? I think the loss will be 
greater than the gain. 
Again, if plowed under, the moisture in 
the earth will just as quickly draw the am¬ 
monia out of the sawdust, and leave it just 
the same as it came from the mill, only less 
acid ; for that will poison t lie land. Manure 
can be saved ns well, and a hundred per 
cent- better; instead of taking sawdust, take 
leaves and mulch from the forest; this near¬ 
ly every farmer lias, and every one lias not 
a pile of sawdust. Now, if “ G.” will make 
the experiment practically, I think lie will 
find that the alkaline matter cannot correct 
the acid in sawdust to any great extent; not 
enough so ljut what it will be injurious. 
Semper. 
FAIR AT FREDERICK, MARYLAND. 
I a ttrndkd the agricultural Fair at Frederick, 
Md., 13th, lith and lSt.li days Of October, and, as 
Hmt is it region with which many of the renders 
of the Rural are unfamiliar, they may like to 
hear something about it. The County Society is 
a very spirited one; their spacious grounds are 
enclosed with a high, substantial fem e, and their 
buildings are erected in a very permanent and 
excellent manner, they are ns yet ton smalt for 
the numerous articles exhibited, but largo addi¬ 
tions will bo made to them during the ensuing 
year. The horse stalls are alt well ventilated: in 
fact, they are superior to those on any show 
grounds that we have previously visited. The 
grounds slope from the center iu -all directions, 
and on this central point a sort of pagoda lias 
boon erected, from tin* top of which a splendid 
panorama is revealed, not only of the show 
grounds themselves, but also of tbosurrounding 
country,—Sugar-loaf Mountain In Virginia, the 
“ Blue Walls or Maryland," The “ Point of 
Rocks" 60 famous in the history of our late civil 
war, the Valley of the- Motmcucy, and n broad 
extent of fertile and wo\l cultivated lauds, and 
several well contested b ill Icefields are all spread 
out like a map before the eye. 
One of the most interesting points of the ex¬ 
hibition was the show of horses, of which more 
than two hundred were on exhibition ; some of 
thorn, of the best Virginia broods, could trace 
their pedigree io unbroken succession for two 
hundred years. One of these was “Conductor,” 
who has a large Infusion of “Engineer" and 
* Boston ” blood, and who was realty a splendid 
stallion. He wasowned by Col. Fairfax of Vir¬ 
ginia, who is a lineal descendant of Lord Fair¬ 
fax, oue of the Royal Governors, and who still 
holds many thousand acres Of the lands which 
have descended to him from that ancestor in un¬ 
broken succession. Ho was in the Confederate 
army through the whole war, from Kuil Run to 
the final buttles before Petorabufgh, and rode 
"Conductor" through all its perils and priva¬ 
tions, leaving him as fresh and vigorous as lie 
was when the war began. 
The show of stock was very meager. There 
were some full blooded Din-hams and Jerseys, 
but 1 did uot see any animals that could be culled 
first-rate. The sheep and hogs wore still poorer, 
unless one pen of Berkshire© would form an ex¬ 
ception. The fruits were fair; some apples and 
pears were really very tine; but the peachesaud 
grapes wore not remarkable. 
The feature nf the exhibition that interested 
me most was the cooked articles, which distin¬ 
guished 11 from all other shows that lever at¬ 
tended. I counted one hundred aud twenty-five 
entries of this class, including bread, cake of all 
kinds, various preparations of Indian meal, jel¬ 
lies, catsups, canned fruits, boiled lmms and 
tongues, &c. There were some very fine exhi¬ 
bitions of the famous Maryland biscuit, which 
! the ladies of Mary land pride themselves upon. 
It would be true missionary work if some of 
those ladle©, would come among' us and teach us 
bow to make thorn; the first of the noble band 
who thus came forward would Immortalize her- 
seil, and would ever after rank with Jason of 
the Golden Fleece memory. I would describe 
the flavor of the boiled bams for your benefit, if 
I could: but really my vocabulary is too poor to 
do justice to the subject. Good old Adam Fer¬ 
guson of Canada was once describing a beauti¬ 
ful young lady who had greatly struck his fancy. 
He portrayed her, point by point, with all the 
accuracy ol an old slock-mostW, but when he 
oume to tier gracefulness he was puzzled, and 
was oompelie-.. to 11 au.se for language which 
would be adequate to Hie occasion. At last he 
caught the idea:—“Gentlemen," said he, “she 
was as graceful as a .Short-Homed hater r' If I 
should be called upon hereafter to describe a 
young lady's sweetness, I could not do better 
l bun to say that she was as sweet as a Frederick 
county liutn. 
General Grant (aud several member® of liis 
Cabinet, including General Sherman) came on 
a special train on Thursday on a visit to the Fair, 
and was received with a warmth and cordiality 
from all classes which must have been most 
grateful to bis feelings. Ex-rebels and staunch 
loyalists coalesced most heartily in doing him 
honor; every one seemed bent sturdily on show¬ 
ing him tokens of good will. The President of 
the Society did the honors with true Maryland 
cordiality. Ho lunched with u few friends at 
Mi’. Faclenuii’s, then proceeded to the grounds, 
and with much effort and with most manifest 
reluctance made a short speech, then resigned his 
poor right timid to a most merciless shaking 
from the assembled crowd; truly it is a grand 
thing to be honored by a whole nation; but even 
honor has ii© drawbacks. At about two o’clock 
the guests dined with the Officers of the Society 
in the pavilion ; the dinner, it is needless to say, 
wu-i a very good one and all passed very pleasant¬ 
ly. General Grant is certainly unable to cope 
with the merely ornamental parts of govern- 
ni! nt; ho evidently knows nothing of the magic 
of “fuss and feathers;” lie is not graceful in his 
motions nor beautiful in his person; the bees of 
H. vbla never distilled their honey on his lips. 
Tlu- dmicing master who 1 aught him deportment 
was not at the head of his profession. All this 
must lie cheerfully conceded; but an 1 sat near 
him at the table aud quietly watched him, I was 
deeply impressed with the indications of a won¬ 
drous, hidden power, deep down in Hie recesses 
>-! Ids nature, for good, genuine and puworful 
work. II tlioetiquette aud Hie formalities mid 
the speech making of a public reception were 
nauseous to him, It was evident that bis soul 
would revel when solid work was to be done 
He showed in every line of his face a most in¬ 
domitable will and an untiring energy. If ho 
were required to tip over a mountain that ob¬ 
structed his puth. I believe he would tug and 
strain at It until Hie mountain toppled over. 
I did not wonder as I quietly watched tho 
workings of Ids face during the hour devoted to 
flintier, Hint hooueodetermined to -light it out 
oil that line if it. took him all summer." During 
the evening lie was Hie guest of Mr. Coi.ds- 
RORO, the Marshal of the District, and largo 
numbers of ladies mid gentlemen called upon 
him during tho 1 vening. 
I was really glad that I had the opportunity to 
see something of the hearty and genial farmers 
aud tho rich and fertile lands of Frederick coun¬ 
ty. Farmers evoryvv here are one in interest and 
one In feeling, and it is great l.\ to tie wished that 
their intercourse with each other should be ex¬ 
tended over a wider area.—c. 
-»♦» - 
BORDER FAIR, DANVILLE, VA. 
As Danville is on Hie border between North 
Carolina and Virginia, both States contributed 
to the Fair. Ii was held on the second week in 
October. Wo condense u few items of interest 
from the account given by the Hillsboro Re¬ 
corder. The Largest hog came from Ruffin, N. 
C., and weighed seven hundred and twenty 
pounds, A ('hosierexhibited by Major Slither]in 
of Danville weighed six hundred pounds. One 
was brought to Hrensboro from Pennsylvania 
tills year that weighed one thousand and sixty 
pounds; so Danville, though high in the figures, 
I. nearly doubled. A cow was shown by Mr. 
Charles Mosel.v of Halifax, Va., aged four years, 
that gives live gallons of milk per day. Only 
twenty-tom- chickens there. Addresses were 
delivered by M 11 J. Rctheui.in, President Bu¬ 
ford of It. & I>. R. It., and Governor Walker. 
The latter gomleimui urged young men to slay 
at home aud labor, instead of Hocking to the 
North to find employment as clerks. 
Quite an interesting interchange) of views was 
indulged in at u meeting of the farmers one 
evening during the fair. Mr. Luck, from Cas¬ 
well. N. C., in sowing wheat, plows six or eight 
inches, levels with harrow, sows Ins wheat and 
barrows it in. Believes in roller. If wheat is 
plowed in, part never comes up. 
Col. Mili.ner of Va.. plows from four to six 
inches, and thinks wheat should always be put 
iu with shovel plow. 
Mr. Luck is successful in hog raising. Cooks 
all the feed and gives it when hot. Keeps a 
large, portable boiler near tho pen. KeepSch&r- 
eoal in the fattening pan, and puts salt and ashes 
in the slops. He had a fine Chester sow sick, 
I while his neighbors’ hogs were dying of cholera. 
He gave her two rawqggs and drenched her 
with a coffeecupful of sweet oil, She recovered. 
Mr. Rlad of Danville does not think Peruvian 
I guano good lor turnips. Thinks It good for 
other crops. Likes ham-yard and stable manure 
and nitrate of potash for turnips. 
Captain McDaniel of Danville considers guano 
an exhauster of the soil, and thinks when ashes 
are mixed with it, it gives off its ammonia. He 
likes gypsum. Rays 1 he Jamestown weed indi¬ 
cates the presence of nitrate of potash. Advises 
that weeds as well as clove!- should bo turned 
under as valuable manure. 
Mr. Uptf.gr A uf has raised four hundred and 
seventy-live bushels of Irish potatoes from one 
acre-near the Fair grounds. Rome of the pota¬ 
toes weighed one and a half pounds. The ground 
was clover sod, eight or ten inches of clover hav¬ 
ing been cut before tic turned it under. Of me¬ 
dium potatoes plants about eight bushels; of 
large ones, twelve bushels per acre. He cuts the 
potatoes, plants in drills, plows deeply. After 
giving the potatoes a slight dressing, lie covered 
between the drills wiLli leaves and straw to the 
depth of six or eight inches. This is all the work 
he gives them. 
