feet high and as large as a lead pencil. The 
wood was very firm and, considering its 
rapidity of growth, remarkably short-jointed. 
Tim leaves were very dark-colored, thick and 
tough, and were entirely healthy the whole 
season through. 
This year the vine has grown about twen ty- 
five feet and set nine bunchesof fruit. Owing 
to the vigor of the plant these were all allow¬ 
ed to ripen. Some of the clusters were small 
and the berries very sparsely set; but those 
Antwerps, however, often summer burn, and 
in consequence produce their crops but spar¬ 
ingly. The ravages of the “ pesky” curculio 
destroy nearly all our plums, and many of 
our peaches and apples. Currants and goose¬ 
berries are always a sure crop; and our poor 
hill-sides arc covered with whortleberries. 
Our old fields produce wild blackberries in 
the most marvelous profusion, and such as 
we defy the most enthusiastic cultivator of 
Kittatinny or Wilson to excel. 
It produces a second crop in autumn which 
is really better tliau the first. 
The canes are enormously vigorous, usually 
growing six to eight feet high and propor¬ 
tionally stocky; spines very strong, almost 
equal in strength to those on some of the 
black-cap raspberries, color dark purplish 
red, and the bark on the canes is ol'a similar 
color in autumn. 
This variety is very hardy and productive 
and is one of the best of the Arnold's 
Hybrids. 
order, and sold at reasonable prices. On the 
whole I think it has been considered a bet¬ 
ter paying berry season than that of 1888. 
How and Then. 
SEEDLING PEACH. 
The Mexican Everbearing Strawberry.— A 
strong content inn D still Kept upamong-traw- 
berry men over this new or okl plant. Several 
noted horticulturists denounce it ns bring noth¬ 
ing more than the old Hod Alpine, while such 
men usF, B. Elliott, Dr. Warder and Thus. .Mee¬ 
han pronounce it a new and valuable variety. 
There appears to bo frankness on one side and 
jealousy (in the other. It is hardly probable 
tlmt such men can be mistaken.—O/do Farmer. 
We cannot definitely say where the Ohio 
Fanner places the “jealousy” and where the 
“frankness.” We do not think either party to 
the discussion cm be said to monopolize the 
frankness; but wo are quite willing the parties 
wbo proclaim this fruit to be it new variety 
should possess all the jealousy, except enough of 
it to enable us to oontinue to guard the interests 
of planters by insisting that an old fruit /as we 
firmly believe this to be,) should not be sold as a 
new one, at live or ten times its real value. Our 
jealousy goes no further than the public good in 
this matter. 
Our engraving represents a large, beauti¬ 
ful and line-flavored peach, a seedling, and 
evidently from the Early Crawford, which it 
greatly resembles In color, size and flavor. 
The specimens of it shown at the recent ex¬ 
hibition of the Horticultural Society of 
Western New York by E. M. Con kli.no of 
Parma, (from one of which our drawing 
was taken,) were larger than the Early 
Crawford, and more beautiful in appearance, 
This fruit originated in the garden of liev. 
Mr. Sawyer, Parma, Monroe Co., N. Y. 
The Fruit Committee of the above-named 
Society thoroughly tested this peach, pro¬ 
nounced it a seedling from the Early Craw¬ 
ford, and equally as good, if not better, than 
that favorite peach. As it ripens two weeks 
later than the Early Crawford it promises 
(in case it proves as good as it seems to be,) 
to be very valuable for late marketing. 
THE STRAWBERRY CROP OF 1869, 
The first berries of the season arrived in 
New York, April 27th, from Charleston, S. 
C. It was a case containing twenty-four 
quarts, which were so damaged that the en¬ 
tire case sold for one dollar and fifiy cents. 
Another lot arrived April 30 th from Vir¬ 
ginia, and sold at three dollars per quart. 
Soon after this date the arrivals were large, 
and prices fell from fifiy to sixty cents per 
quart. On Monday, May 10th, the Old Do¬ 
minion Line of steamers brought four hun¬ 
dred cases from Norfolk, Ya., in prime order, 
and they sold at an average of sixty cents 
per quart lor the Wilson, while the soft va¬ 
rieties sold as low as twenty-five cents. The 
steamer that arrived on the 17th was com¬ 
pelled to leave large quantities on the dock 
at Norfolk, not being able to carry all her 
freight. Those that came were sold at pre¬ 
vious figures, hut tiie balance that came on 
the next steamer sold much lower, the early 
varieties ail being in had condition. 
The cause of the detention of the berries 
was the great rush of peas. A single dealer 
had a consignment of 1,000 barrels; and 
another 500. She brought 2,200, leaving 
2,-100 more on the dock. 
The arrival by the next morning’s steamer 
was 1,200 cases of berries, the prices rang¬ 
ing from I weuty-f3ve to thirty-five cents per 
quart. On the 22d fruit became scarce, and 
sold from thirty-five to forty cents; and on 
Monday, the 24tJi, two steamers arrived from 
Norfolk, the first reaching her dock at one 
A. M., and the second at eight P. M. The 
first was loaded principally with peas, and 
the second with berries, of which one dealer 
received 7,000 quarts, which sold at an av¬ 
erage of twenty-five cents per quart. The 
sales of good berries for that week might be 
quoted from twenty to twenty-five cents per 
quart, while soft fruit sold from ten to fifteen 
cents per quart. 
From this date the Virginia berries began 
to fail, coming in small and soft, and were 
sold principally to the peddlers at a very 
June 10th the fruit was in fair 
SOUTHERN OCTOBER PEACHES, 
GROWING MUSHROOMS, 
A few days ago I ate the finest October 
peaches I have ever seen. They grew in the 
garden of Rev. Mr. Willie, Oxford, N. C. 
He could not, tell me the name or whence 
they were originally obtained. They are 
entirely distinct from the common late va¬ 
rieties in this latitude. We have here two 
lute kinds of the Plumb peach, one a dingy 
and ruddy white, the other a yellow, quite 
deep, with touches of red. These are savory 
when very mellow, but they are hard and 
lough when not mellow, especially the yel¬ 
low. Their acid is peculiarly piquant and 
predominates. There is also an excellent 
variety of the soft peach which ripens in this 
month. It is reddish white. These are all 
of good size and remain sound a long time, 
clinging very tenaciously to the stem. 
The first species mentioned is very differ¬ 
ent from these, and is superior to them all. 
It is much larger, comparing favorably in 
size with large summer peaches. It is white, 
with red blushes. The seed is clean, and 
rather small in proportion to the fruit. 
Though most of t he crop had been gathered 
when I saw the tree, T judged from appear- 
auce that tin 1 fruit does not grow thickly, or 
in large numbers. What impressed me still 
more with the value of the variety was the 
good, sound, open condition of the spreading 
branches, though it was evident that no 
pains had been taken to trim them into 
strength and symmetry. a. p. 
Flat River, N* C. 
i il'JWrn 
mode of growing these delicacies: 
“ My experience as n mushroom cultiva¬ 
tor extends over a period of twenty years. 
During ibis period 1 have grown them in 
many different ways, in many fashionable 
as well as unfashionable houses and sheds, 
and in the open air, during summer and 
winter, in different parts of the country, and 
lor various purposes-—for the supply of ducal 
tables, and for sale in Covent Garden Mar¬ 
ket—and I can truly say, without desiring to 
boast of my own success, that there is no 
vegetable so simple or easy of cultivation as 
the mushroom. 
“The method which I generally adopt for 
winter supply, and that which T have found 
the simplest, may be briefly stated thus: — I 
procure two cart louds of good fresh stable 
manure, and shake out the longest of the. 
straw. 1 am not, however, very particular 
about this. Then it is turned over in the 
open air once or t\v ice to get rid of the rank 
steam. When this is gone the dung is taken 
into one of the sheds at the back of the 
houses, and about four harrowfuls of ordi- 
nary fresh soil mixed witli it. The bed is 
then made up on the floor of the shed to a 
depth of about twelve inches, pressed rather 
firmly, and spawned when at a temperature 
of between seventy-five to eighty degrees. 
A covering of one inch of good strong loam 
in a rather rough state is then added, and 
beaten level with a spade. By using heavy 
loam as a covering, the mushrooms produced 
are of a much more solid character than 
where light sifted soil is used; they arc, con¬ 
sequently, more valuable, commanding a far 
higher price in the market. The whole is 
then covered up with at least nine inches of 
stratv or long litter. 
“ I never use any fire heat, as I consider 
that a piece of useless extravagance. Better 
mushrooms can be grown without lire heat 
than with it, aud a continuous supply kept 
up throughout the coldest winters. 
“ I have several beds in bearing now that 
have been made in the manner described. 
To-day (Dec. 10th) I have picked a small 
pail full from a square foot. I could pick 
many such—in fact, the beds are a perfect 
sheet of white all over. Seeing that they 
are so easily cultivated, who would be, w bo 
need lie, without their dish of mushrooms V” 
AVTCSTICiRN' NEW YORK SEEDLING PEACH. 
the fruits on the list of well tried which were protected by the foliage from 
i appears to be the home of the the storm which prevailed during inlio- 
; doubt if any portion of our rescence were of good size and very compact, 
iduces them so well, save only Both bunch and berry were about the size of 
bores and some of the Elands; Hartford. In quality the fruit is very tender 
io.se places are as often visited and delicious, nearly as delicate as Delaware 
w, rot, spot, frost, &e., as our and decidedly superior to any other black 
d,localities. The Catawba is our grape that I have yet fruited. It ripened a 
co, although the Delaware, Con- few days before citheFWfirlford or Miles, the 
S’ewton and Clinton do amazing- latter growing beside the Eumelan in the 
■ latter, in one particular region, open garden with a southern exposure; the 
mous crops every year, and has former having a western exposure two feel 
ir knowledge, suffered witli any from a building. The vine lias been as per- 
itever. I consider the Clinton fectly healthy this year as it was last; not a 
eglectcd, and firmly believe that. trace of any form of disease appearing upon 
ed to become one of our clnct' e *th cr * cal or fruit. 
i. It makes a red wine of a fine Upon the whole, the vigor and healthful- 
lias more of the sprightly flavor uc ‘ ss of ,llC vine > «»dthe quality and earliness 
fign wines than any grape we of the fruit, make the Eumelan, (if two year’s 
Is rampant growth, hardiness, experience with a single vine will authorize 
iilg qualities, added to its other mc t° testify,) one ol the most valuable 
es,' will make it, when our people varieties. Wm. II. Willcox. 
■nun-li I ir nr-nmiinled with it finite Reading, Mass., 18l>0. 
low figure. 
condition, but the second steamer failed to 
arrive oil time, and the fruit was in such a 
bad condition that a large proportion of it 
did not more Ilian pay the expenses, One 
grower had two hundred and ninety-six 
cases in very poor order, while another had 
two hundred cases in the same condition. 
The fruit continued to arrive in such bad 
order that ihe dealers telegraphed to the 
owners to stop sending. 
Delaware berries began to arrive about 
the first of June, and New Jersey fruit by 
the tenth. On June 8lh the quantity ar¬ 
rived was so large that it broke down the 
market so that good fruit sold from teu to 
twelve cents per quart, and soft sold from 
ten cent9 down to five cents. I made a care¬ 
ful investigation of the amount received on 
the various roads that day, and the result 
was astonishing. There were thirty car 
loads received at Jersey City. This amount 
includes the shipments from Delaware and 
the lower counties of New Jersey. The 
Raritan Road delivered thirteen car loads 
from the counties of Ocean and Monmouth, 
N. J., while the various lines of steamers 
from the last named counties, brought at 
least ten car loads more; and in addition to 
this, large quantities arrived from Staten 
Island, and the upper parts of New Jersey, 
making a grand total of 500,000 quarts. 
This glut continued for three days, when 
good fruit sold from fifteen to eighteen cents 
per quart. On Monday, the 14th, most of 
the. fruit was soft, and sold from ten to 
fifteen cents per quart, having heavy rains to 
contend against. On Tuesday, the arrivals 
were again light, and the demand very 
heavy; prices again advanced. The orders 
from Boston at‘this time were very heavy 
for good fruit, and tho dealers could not pro¬ 
cure enough at twenty-five cents per quart 
for a good article, and some fancy stock sold 
as high as fifty cents per quart. The cause 
of tliis large demand was the great Musical 
Festival held in that city. 
After this date the market was full of poor 
fruit, and prices ranged low, say from ten to 
fifteen cents per quart for the best, and for 
the cull stock eight to ten cents per quart. 
The Staten Island berries were very fine, 
selling at the highest market rates; the 
average rate, as copied from the books of a 
dealer, was twenty cents per quart for Wil¬ 
sons. The Staten Island Jucundas were the 
finest in tiie market; they averaged from 
forty to fifty cents per quart. The Long 
Island fruit came in good condition, and sold 
at fair prices. The State fruit arrived in fair 
FRUITS IN KENTUCKY. 
The climate of Kentucky seems to be 
peculiarly adapted to the successful growing 
of all kinds of fruit usually cultivated in our 
country, on a line running from ocean to 
ocean, as far down as Tennessee. Even figs, 
lemons, and oranges, under protection from 
our coldest weather, bear a fair crop of these 
fine fruits. They arc, however, so very 
troublesome in their culture, that but little is 
attempted in that direction. Apples,peaches, 
pears, plums, cherries, strawberries, rasp¬ 
berries, whortleberries, and wild persimmons, 
grow and flourish iu wonderful perfection. 
There are, in apples, some three or four 
varieties only, nevertheless, that we can rely 
upon as a sure crop almost yearly, viz:— 
Rawle’s Janet, Ben Davis, Pryor’s Red, and 
Rambo. Other varieties “ miss” far oftener 
than they “hit;” but when they do bear, 
finer and more perfect specimens cuu be found 
nowhere. Wore I planting a new orchard 
anywhere in Kentucky four-fifths of my ap¬ 
ple trees should be Rawle’s Janets. They 
keep, in a dry cellar, until May. 
Of peaches, all kinds grow in abundance, 
especially upon mu* table lands. Seedlings 
rarely ever fail; budded fruit fails two in 
every four years on an average. There is a 
line of hills, or semi-mountain range, travers¬ 
ing our State from northeast to southwest, 
called Muldraugh’s Hills, on which the peach 
crop rarely ever fails. Tiie laud is poor, of 
a reddish yellow clay subsoil. 
Dwarf pears do less good in bearing than 
any other kind of fruit. Cherries—of all 
classes—including llic Heart and Biggarcati, 
flourish well after the trees mature, but bear 
rather shyly when young, yet give a superior 
fruit. Strawberries—especially the Wilson 
Albany, Charles Downing, Green Prolific, 
Downer, French, Colfax and Peake’s Empe¬ 
ror, grow and bear enormous crops of the 
largest and best market fruits of this class— 
the hill and row systems giving always the 
very best results. Raspberries, especially 
the Black-Caps, find in Kentucky soil the 
best food and in her climate all that is requir¬ 
ed to bring forth this fruit in the greatest per¬ 
fection and quantity. 
With a climate almost bordering on the 
extreme of temperate, we do not find it 
essential to success to give much, if any, 
winter protection, even to the luscious 
Brinkle’s orange—none whatever to any of 
ARNOLD'S NO. 1 RASPBERRY, 
Air. CnARLEs Arnold of Canada West, or 
as it is now called, Ontario, has raised quite 
a number of very promising raspberries. 
Their greatest fault is that they arc not quite 
good enough in quality to compete with 
other well-known sorts. Air. Arnold claims 
that the new seedlings arc Hybrids, and we 
have no doubt of the truth of his statement, 
because the plants show quite prominently 
the characteristics of the two species inter¬ 
mingled. 
HATCH’S EARLY TURNIP BEET, 
RASPBERRY CROPS, 
The Journal of Horticulture says:—This 
new beet is undoubtedly one of the best, if 
not the best, early beet we have. It was 
originated and introduced by Air. Anthony 
Hatch of Baugus, Alass., and obtained by 
him by a careful system of selection, contin¬ 
ued for many yeans. 
Although of comparatively recent intro¬ 
duction, it has already become exceedingly 
popular witli the market gardeners about 
Boston, and is the standard variety with 
many large growers. 
When well grown, and of average size, 
the roots of this variety measure from four 
to four and a half inches in depth, and about 
four inches iu diameter. Form turbinate, 
considerably flattened, more so than with 
the common turnip beet; crown quite small, 
with a very slender tapering tap-root; skin 
dark reddish purple; flesh deep red, very 
fine-grained, sweet and tender; grows rap¬ 
idly, and is one of the earliest sorts we have; 
a quality, which, together with its fine color, 
and smooth, symmetrical shape, makes it 
particularly desirable as a market variety. 
I have become somewhat interested in 
the discussion on raspberries in your issues 
of Sept. Illb and Oel. 2d, but particularly 
in Air. Purdy’s statement that a yield of 
fifteen hundred quarts per acre, of the Doo¬ 
little black-cap, “ one year old,” would prove 
the ruination of the plantation. If that is 
true, then 1 have a small plantation of one- 
year-olds, last spring, that is gone up ; for I 
picked last June, from less than one-sixth of 
an acre, one-year-old, seven hundred and one 
quarts of as line berries as one would wish 
to see; and from the appearance of the vines 
now, I hope to pick berries from them next 
June. If you should learn of any “ Down- 
Easter” that lias or can beat that, 1 will try 
again. 
I would say that I kept my vines pinched 
back to one foot—that is, tiie main stalks 
pinched back to one foot from the ground, 
and then all laterals one foot from the main 
stalk, requiring no staking lo support the 
vines. A. G. De Lee. 
Lawrence, Kansas. 
Mole*.— Will the Rural, nr somebody else, in¬ 
form me how 1 can drive tiie moles out of my 
lawn and garden ? I have asked almost every 
person how I could get rid of them, but all have 
answered, “ I don’t know.’’—J. 11. Hill. 
Arnold's No. 1 Red Raspberry. 
One of the most remarkable among these 
new raspberries is the one that Air. Arnold 
designates as his No. 1, a red variety of 
gigantic growth. The fruit is of medium 
size, nearly globular, light crimson, mode¬ 
rately firm, juicy, but not of very rich flavor. 
THE EUMELAN GRAPE. 
Having lmd two year's experience with 
this new variety, I offer a brief account of its 
behavior, to aid your readers in forming a 
correct estimate of its merits. The first year 
it grew strongly, forming a cane about seven 
Send us .\oles of garden experiences the past 
season. Something ought to have been learned, 
and what has been should be interchanged. 
