f?WLTURE>H 
EXCELSIOR 
) $3.00 PER YEAR, 
fSingle iYo., Ei^ht Cents 
NEW YORK CITY AND ROCHESTER, N. Y 
•II I'nrlc Row, New York 
H'i Iloilalo St., Rochester 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOYEMBER %1 ,1869 
[Entered according to Act of Cohgroas, in the roar 1869, by 1). D. T. MOORE, in the Clerk's Oilice of tlie District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.] 
the home for the poor ami laboring classes 
who desire to make for themselves a home 
and ultimate independence in the shortest 
possible time, with the least expenditure of 
labor and capital. 
By this mail I send you a newspaper with 
an article purporting to give an abstract of a 
purchase made in this State of eleven hun¬ 
dred thousand acres of land. The comments 
made in the article are not heeded here, (as 
being partisan in character,) except to refer 
to the negotiation as being of immense mag¬ 
nitude, and of millions of dollars in value, 
and worthy of " New York speculators.” I 
have met some of the parties engaged in the 
negotiation, who are from your city, and 
liave foreign capital offered them with every 
assistance in promoting immigration hero. 
The purchase is a principality, and in the 
careful selection of lands will absorb, to a 
great degree, the remaining lands of value, 
and which are accessible, belonging to the 
State. Some of those lands will readily bring 
from forty to sixty dollars an acre, and all 
have been appraised at live dollars, and ten 
dollars some time ago. The Governor and 
his Cabinet, appreciating, as Northern men 
only can do at present, the valtio of popula¬ 
tion and labor, and in that view and to pro¬ 
mote the development of the State at the 
earliest practicable moment, have made what 
is universally conceded here a most liberal 
sale of lands to the gentlemen referred to. 
In some of my ftiture communications I may 
be authorized to give you full particulars 
for the information of your vast number of 
readers. n. m. s. 
erbsman 
THE BOVINES AND EQUINES 
[The following paragraphs arc from an Ad¬ 
dress delivered at an Agricultural Fair, by the 
Conducting Editor of the Run AO.] 
Improved Stock, or, rather, (hr improve¬ 
ment of stock, is often a strong point with the 
progressive farmer. Its development, how¬ 
ever, depends, iu a greater or less degree, 
upon location and circumstances—such as 
the adaptation of his farm to grazing pur¬ 
poses, or the demand for improved stock or 
dairy products. In this matter he generally 
lias nit eye to beauty and him#, us well as 
profit. Ho knows that it is nearly as cheap 
to produce an animal worth $ 100 as it is to 
raise one which will sell for only or less than 
half that amount; and moreover that, in so 
doing his dividends are not, only handsome, 
but a just pride is gratified and his pleasure 
measurably enhanced—both items wovthy of 
consideration. 
Of Cattle our shrewd friend keeps such 
as are beat suited to his views and location— 
combining pleasure with profit, if possible. 
But, whether Durhains, Devons, Ayrshires, 
Jerseys, llerefords, their grades, or our 
much-abused and neglected “ Native Ameri¬ 
cans,” lie always endeavors to have the best 
of their kind or breed , and constantly aims at 
improvement. If beef-making and working 
animals are loading objects, be selects and 
rear's cureftdly from such families as possess, 
to an unusual extent, the particular tenden¬ 
cies and qualities desired. But if a dairy¬ 
man, lie selects cows from various sources— 
knowing that good, deep and rich milkers 
are occasionally found in all breeds, sonic 
families or strains of blood possessing extra¬ 
ordinary milk-producing qualities. But no¬ 
excuse me; I am mistaken in saying that 
both deep and rich milkers are found in all 
breeds. Nay, verily,—for there is one, quite 
too common in and near our cities and large 
villages, which, though a deep, is far from 
being a rich milker. Of course I refer to 
the iron-tailed or pump-handled breed, so 
generally cultivated and patronized by Hie 
generous and patriotic mortals who furnish 
city people with what is called the genuine 
lacteal fluid! 
In the line of Horses, if his fancy turn in 
that direction, (and almost every man has a 
streak of horse in his composition,) be is 
usually provided with specimens which pos¬ 
sess such desirable qualities its blood , beauty , 
spirit and endurance. For farm purposes, 
however, he takes special pains to secure 
such as combine, in an eminent degree, 
strength and endurance, or bottom , with ca¬ 
pacity for draft and other hard service—and 
therefore prefers a compromise, or cross, be¬ 
tween the light 3:40 Morgan and heavy ele¬ 
phantine breed now so common among our 
trans-Ontario and trans-Atlantic neighbors— 
say in Canada and England. And lie never 
neglects or abuses his horses or other domes¬ 
tic animals, but feeds them well and treats 
them kindly. By the way, Karev’s system 
of horse-training is founded in kindness. 
The great secret in training and managing 
that noblest of all animals—the horse—is to 
be kind, patien t and Jinn, by which the most 
obdurate of the race can be subdued. Some 
owners of horses seem to possess less brains 
and judgment than the animals, and their 
cruel treatment often proves them to be the 
greater beasts of the two classes. We have 
known certain horse owners and trainers 
who ought to live a good deal nearer a peni¬ 
tentiary than they now do, and we thank 
Heaven and Mr. Burgh for tlie Society for 
the Prevention of Cruelly to Animals. 
As a rule on r friend breeds from the best, 
whatever the expense in the outset, and finds 
such course advantageous. Cause and effect, 
and ultimate profit, are studied, understood, 
aud their results demonstrated, iu the rearing 
sHoirr-raoRN «gola,” 
Imported and Owned by John Miller, Esq., Brougham, Dick rhino, Ontario, Canada. 
Guardian FrincfiSS, by BrIMsh Prince, 1497, Or. 
d. Gauntlet, by Vaiitfuard, 10 .IXH: a. tfr. d. Gor¬ 
get, by Crown Prince, 10,CSV .<*,.■ k- K*’. 0. Glisten, 
by Vanguard, 10.SKM; g\ g. g. gr. d. Gleam, by Bar¬ 
on Warlaby, 7813 ; g. g. g. g. gr. d. Glitter, by 
Londesboro, C142; g. g. g. g. g. gr. d. Glowworm, 
by Itnuunculua, 2470, See., &v. 
and management of all domestic animals. 
Whatever kinds are kept, he bestows suf¬ 
ficient, care and attention to insure their pro¬ 
tection and increase —thus enhancing both 
his pleasure and profit. He looks alike to 
beauty, quality and productiveness, and en¬ 
joys the comfort aud appearance of his flocks 
and herds, even while estimating theirvalue. 
Keeping his stock iu good condit ion during 
winter, he possesses a decided advantage 
over those who have hides and carcasses for 
sale in the spring; and hence, though leather 
and bone dust are considered excellent, in¬ 
stitutions, he prefers not, to give them his 
patronage in the manner indicated. Indeed, 
our friend keeps Ids stock in a progressive aud 
hence healthy, salable and profitable condi¬ 
tion at all times —sufficient feed and proper 
shelter being always provided. His success 
results, in a great degree, from his knowledge 
of the laws of reproduction in both the ani¬ 
mal and vegetable kingdoms. And it has 
been truly said that, “ without, these, the 
farmer will not realize tlie importance of 
procuring the best stock or tilt: best seeds for 
his farm, or know how to perpetuate them 
When once obtained. The vital importance 
of this department, of agricultural knowledge 
is not sufficiently understood or appre¬ 
ciated. Other things being equal, the whole 
question of profit or loss may depend upon 
the quality of the seeds and animals with 
which a farm may lie stocked.” 
and, the mail bag being delivered, and Borne 
wood taken on, we passed several sightly, 
comfortable houses and plantations cm tlie 
river bank, until we again tied to tlie dock 
at Green Cove Spring, thirty miles from our 
point of departure. The proprietor of the 
hotel at this point urged us to go ashore and 
dine with him on fresh green peas, el id ornne 
genus; but the time consumed in the de¬ 
livery of tlie mail bag would not admit of 
justice being done to the dinner, such as 1 
know from the appearance of “ mine host” 
(another North man, from Massachusetts,) 
and the outside of liis spacious house and 
grounds, warranted to he in waiting. I do 
not exaggerate when I advise you that the 
building with all its externals is not.excelled 
by any house at Long Branch. There is a 
mineral spring here of great reputation for 
kidney complaints. I cannot, iu the space 
of a letter, note all the points of interest en 
route, for the first day’s journey, ending at 
Palatka, which is on a high bank, with two 
good hotels, one of which is kept most ad¬ 
mirably by as good and genial a German as 
the “Fatherland” ever sent out,—and my 
regard is so great for a man who “ knows 
how to keep a hotel,” that I mention Ids 
name as Peter Peterman, and his hotel 
as “ The St. Johns,” and if you will call on 
him after a long journey, you will appreciate 
my regard for him in his care for the tired 
and hungry traveler. The church-going 
bell was ringing on my lauding, calling " the 
weary and heavy laden ” to worship. There 
are two or three stores; a tine drug store, 
with an elegant display of colored waters, 
gilded labels,cosmetics, etc., etc., suitable for 
any of your Broadway belles. The larger 
class of steamers, like the “ Dictator,” “Nick 
King,” and others, which run to Charleston 
and Savannah, do not go further up the 
river than Palatka. 
Further notes of my journey lip the St. 
Johns I propose to give you in another 
letter, as well as of other parts of the State. 
Of one thing be disabused: Florida is not all 
a swamp ; nor is it infested with insects, rep¬ 
tiles and alligators, so ils to destroy comfort. 
During my three weeks in this State, at the 
Capital, Jacksonville, Palatka, Mellonvillc, 
Live Oak, and other points, I have never 
found occasion to use a mosquito bar; and 
alligators, of which I have seen three, had 
to be sought for. The climate is good, and, 
with care, a liighci degree of healthfulness 
is the average than lias ever been experi¬ 
enced in our Northern and Western States; 
and of all the States this is pre-eminently 
JASPER COUNTY MISSOURI 
This is certainly a desirable country. 
First, on account of the climate, which is 
genial, warm, and dry. It is well watered 
by springs and pure, swift, clear and gravelly 
bottomed streams; second, on account of 
good soil; the uplands being of the red mu¬ 
latto soil, and very dark brown, approaching 
the black soil of Illinois, but more mellow 
and dry; third, Southwest Missouri is espe¬ 
cially adapted to fruit raising of all kinds; 
apples grow to perfection, and are very fine¬ 
ly Uavored; peaches never fail entirely, and 
grow very fine and large. Small fruits are 
produced in abundance, also lots of wild 
grapes and blackberries. 
Southwest Missouri includes the countie# 
of Yernon, Barton, Jasper, Newton, Mc¬ 
Donough, Taney, Lawrence, Dade, Cedar, 
Greene, Ac. As fur as my personal knowl¬ 
edge goes, I believe this (Jasper) is conceded 
to he the best, especially as regards agricul¬ 
ture taken in connection with water-power, 
<fec.; but of course every man is more or less 
prejudiced in favor of his own county, ut 
least lie ought to be. There is a heavy emi¬ 
gration to this county, and settlors are all 
well pleased and settle down permanently. 
Northern people arc continually coming 
hither in quest of mild winters, a healthy 
country, a fruit country, a stock country, 
&c., all combined, which all seem to think 
they have found, in a great degree at least. 
Wild land is from $5 to $13.50 per acre; 
improved farms range from $15 to $30 per 
acre. Society aud morals good. The county 
Is filling up with energetic, earnest people 
from the North, and is improving fast. 
Winfield Cunningham. 
cp a dm cut 
ABOUT FLORIDA: 
It* Rivers, Lukes, Hotels, Climate, Lands. 
Jacksonville) Fla., Nov. 8, 1860. 
IIon. D. D. T. Moore — Dear Sir: I’ve 
just returned from a trip up the 8t. Johns 
River, of over a week’s duration. Flense 
take your map and find Enterprise, “ and 
when found, make a note of it” as the ter¬ 
minal psint of my steamboat trip at this time 
on that wonderful river. With as varied and 
extensive experience of river travel in all 
parts of the world as almost any living man, 
there was a new sensation ltd! for me in be¬ 
holding the magnitude and beauty of the St, 
Johns. It can only be compared to the 
Mississippi in size and volume of water, and 
far exceeding our Hudson, except in boldness 
and beauty of scenery. Enterprise is on 
Lake Monroe, aud about two hundred miles 
from Jacksonville. Monroe is a large lake, 
(if I recollect aright, some sixteen miles 
across and twenty-four miles in length,) and 
is one of the endless chain of lakes which 
creates the St. Johns River. The current 
and general direction of the river is north, 
(like the Gulf Stream,) unlike any other river 
at the South, and from its volume of water 
and general direction of current—together 
with the fact that In numerous of the interior 
lakes the water rises and falls with the ocean 
tides—I have formed the idea that the St. 
Johns River is a branch of the Gulf Stream, 
finding its outlet by some subterranean pass¬ 
age. However, this is a theory that must be 
left to the sit cans to decide. 
The St. Johns has a good many steamers 
and some sail vessels traversing its course, 
and tin: trip is a most pleasant and enjoyable 
one. Starling from Jacksonville,—which is 
said to have a population of 10,000, (and 
which has more comfort than our Long 
Branch or Newport hotels, in tlie hotel called 
the St. James,) and exhibits ample evidence 
of tlie new life and energy infused by the 
Northmen who are taking possession, in 
great numbers,—our first stop was at Man¬ 
darin, (where Mrs. Stowe has her place,) 
SHORT-HORN COW “GOLA 
Our Canadian neighbors devote great at¬ 
tention to the improvement, of stock, es¬ 
pecially Cattle and Sheep, as all know who 
liave attended a Provincial Fair, or visited 
the herds and flocks of prominent breeders 
iu Ontario. Indeed, they exccd most of “ the 
States” iu this department, and are entitled 
to much credit for their skill and enterprise. 
One of the best Short-Horn herds iu Ontario 
is that of John Miller, Esq., of Brougham, 
It is called the “Thistle-Ha” herd, anil com¬ 
prises thirty Duriuuns and seven high-bred 
grades. It is beaded by the bull “Oxford 
Mazurka,” bred by R. A. Alexander of 
Woodburn Farm, Ky. Among tlie cows, 
“ Gola,” portrayed above, is one of the finest 
in the herd. She was imported in the sum¬ 
mer of 1858, and soon after won tlie first 
prize in the tliree-year-old class at, the Pro¬ 
vincial Show. Her pedigree is as follows: 
Gola, red and white, calved Nov. 9th, 180-1; bred 
by Mr. Torii, Aylesby Manor, Great Grimsby, 
Lincolnshire; got by Booth Royal, 15,673. Dam- 
Cheap Land In Texm*. If LONGWOOD, Smith’s 
Fulls, Ontario, will come to Burnet Go., Texas, 
ho will Arid more farms than «no that can be 
bought for $1,WX). If I hut does not suit film, bo 
can buy good unimproved land for one dollar 
per acre, or, better still, Texas will Rive any 
person one hundred and sixty acres of land for 
living on It three years. Our land produces 
well, averairimr three-quarters of a bale of oct- 
ton per Acre, titty bushels of corn, or fifteen 
bushels of wheat. Burnet, our county alto, is 
only fifty miles from Austin. The writer is not 
a speculator, but wants our country settled up. 
Information os to climate, productions, &c., 
fclvou upon application.—S. A. Poser, Burnet, 
Team. 
