MOORE'S BUBAL NEW-YORKER 
Scicntijir ami IHsefitl. 
FARMERS’ HEATING FURNACE. 
I intended last. Winter to give your 
readers, if you thought it worth publishing, 
a description of a “Farmer’s Furnace," or 
heating purposes, that I have now used long 
enough to become satisfied of its practicabili¬ 
ty. I should have described it at that time, 
but finally decided to make myself sure, by 
a longer trial, that it was all right before 
advising anything that afterwards might 
prove a failure. I am now heating my house 
on the first floor with said furnace. It (the 
house) is 36x33 feet, and contains four large 
rooms aud a hall 8x36 feet. The second 
story is similar, but air lights are used 
when needed, which Ls seldom; for the hot 
air arising from lower hall and rooms, in 
this climate, tempers them sufficient for 
sleeping-rooms, excepting in extreme cold 
weather. 
stove replaced the galvanized cap can be 
easily taken off, which gives plenty of room 
to work in, and is as easily replaced. The 
total cost to me of brick work, tin and sheet 
iron work, stove and registry was about $50, 
while the ordinary cast and sheet iron, 
portable, or stationary furnace complete 
would oost $200. N. o. B. 
Fairfax C. H., Yu. 
-♦«-«•- 
USEFUL AND SCIENTIFIC NOTES. 
To Prevent Mucilage Molding, C. C. 
writes the Rural New-Yorker, that he 
makes it by using one part of alcohol and 
three parts of water to dissolve gum arabic; 
and he keeps a bottle of one part alcohol 
and two parts of water with which to thiu 
it when it becomes too thick It never 
molds. _ 
Basswood for Water-Pipes.—Wo see 
it. asserted that a Mr. Root, of Western 
New York, a farmer, has 300 rods of water- 
pipe made of basswood saplings, which have 
been laid nine years and are now, apparent¬ 
ly, perfectly sound. Ho thinks basswood 
oru* of the best kinds of wood for under¬ 
ground water-pipes the r is. 
Size of Nails,—The following table will 
show any one at a glance the length of the 
various sizes, and the number of nails in a 
pound. They are rated 3-penny up to 20- 
penny. The first column gives the number, 
the second the length in inches, and the 
third the dumber per pound. 
A, A, cold olr passing In from cellar. B, B, old box 
stove, large sl/.e. C, 0, hot airj passing Into rooms 
and hull. 1), D, D, I), stove pipe from stove to 
chimney. 
In the cent re of the cellar, which is of the 
same size as the house, l placed a large¬ 
sized second-hand box stove, around which 
I built a single brick circular wall, seven 
feet in diameter at the bottom and four and 
oue-half feet high, drawing it in at the top, 
as I raised it, ho that it measured five feet 
across. The front of the stove was set back 
from a true circle about six inches, and the 
wall at that point was drawn in to corres¬ 
pond; but from the top of the stove it was 
carried out again so as to make a complete 
circle at the top. I then had six common 
elbows made, six inches In diameter,at an an¬ 
gle that would just complete the circle inside 
of the brick when they were put together, 
one end of which I attached to the stove 
and the other 1 connected with the chim¬ 
ney, passing through the said briok wall 
near the top. My chimney is built from the 
cellar floor; but where this is not the ease 
the pipe cau run up through a room, there¬ 
by heating it to a certain extent. 
Over the whole l placed a cap made of 
galvanised Iron, with a rim ten inches high, 
and a flange turned out at the bottom one 
inch, which, when placed on top of the brick 
wall, could be easily cemented to it by 
using common wall plaster. Out of this rim 
I carried four eight-inch tin pipes running 
to the corners of the four rooms and con¬ 
necting therewith by registers, the same us 
in the ordinary furnace. The top I made 
tunnel-shape, the centre dropping down six 
inches, from which 1 ran an eight-inch pipe 
up into the hall. When a lire is built in 
this stove the heat passes around through 
this coil of pipe before going to the chim¬ 
ney, and the cold air passing in through 
four openings, (made in the second layer 
of brick from the bottom by leaving out one 
brick oue-fourth of tbs distance around 
consecutively from the cellar,) becomes im¬ 
mediately heated and passes with a strong 
current into the room or rooms where the 
register is open. 
Why I call tills a “-farmer's furnace,” is 
because, tii‘ 9 U it burns wood, of all kinds, 
four feet long and 12x10 inches thick, which 
is the size of my stove door, thereby using 
up that wood, full of knots, that is hard to 
work up for the cook stove; second, it is 
easily built and at a small cost, as any second¬ 
hand box stove would answer, even if the 
legs were missing or the hearth knocked oil'; 
and third, it confines all the dirt and ashes 
attending a wood fire to the cellar, and 
gives a good, even uud warm temperature in 
your rooms, unattainable with the common 
heating stove or five-place, and what heat 
escapes in the cellar is not detrimental to 
it. I find that by replenishing the lire on 
retiring one room can be kept warm all 
night, and coals enough left in the morning 
for rekindling speedily. The stove pipe 
and elbows would be better made out of 
galvanized iron, although mine are as good 
as new aud are made of the common pipe. 
When the pipes want to be cleaned or the 
Number. 
Length 
Nails per 
in inches. 
pound. 
3-penny 
1 
557 
4-penny 
1 M 
353 
5-penny 
IX 
232 
0 -penny 
2 
107 
7-penny 
2 W 
141 
8 -penny 
Ol/ 
**/‘l 
101 
10 -penny 
2 X 
08 
12 -penny 
3 
54 
20 -penny 
3K 
34 
From the foregoing table an estimate of 
quantity, aud suitable size for any job of 
work, can easily be made. 
NOTES FOR HORSEMEN. 
To Cure a Knock-Kneed Colt?—Ap¬ 
ply a splint, which can be readily made by 
any one possessing ordinary intelligence. 
The most perfect I have seen are made on 
the plans advised by J. Williams, Shrcve, 
O.—Fhilii* Murray. 
Interfering Horses.—A correspondent 
asks how a horse should be shod that inter¬ 
feres. We have succeeded by having the 
inside of the shoe made much heavier than 
the outside, thus causing the inside of the 
foot to swing lower than the outside. We 
have found this effectual iu every case with¬ 
in our experience. 
What Ails this llorse ?—I have a horse 
live years old, that is all right, while going 
forward, but when backing he raises his 
hind legs like a horse with the spring halt, 
but has never been lame since I have owned 
him—about a year. If you or your corres¬ 
pondents can give any name to the disease, 
or a remedy, you will oblige—A. L. Parker. 
To Remove a Callus.—Get one ounce 
of alcohol, live grains hydrate potash, thirty 
grains Iodine; mix and apply with a feather 
once a day. By the time the amount here 
given has been twice used the bunch will be 
nearly or quite gone. I have seen it used 
with success iu removing callus and other 
bunches, such as blisters or anything that is 
not bone.— M. P. Hampton , N. Y. 
To Cauae tho Hair of the Mane and 
Tail to Grow. —Iu reply to -S. C. Drake, 
iu the Rural New'-Yorker of Dec. 9th, I 
beg to give the following recipe, which I 
have personally proven to be efficient in re¬ 
storing a healthy growth of hair on the tails 
and manes of horses:—Corrosive sublimate, 
(hvd. bichloride,) oxymuriate of mercury, 
each four grains in one ounce of distilled 
water. Wash Ihe parts where the hair is 
thin with warm water and soap, then rub 
dry with a linen cloth, and immediately 
after rub in some of the above liniment. If 
the hair has been rubbed off by the animal’s 
own endeavors to allay cutaneous irritation, 
then dress with the following ointment: 
One ounce of tine flour sulphur, one ounce 
of fine pulverized saltpeter, made into a 
soft ointment with fresh butter or fresh 
rendered hog’s lard; rub in at night and 
wash out in the morning with warm water 
and soap; repeat three or four times. If the 
hair is scant from natural debility of the 
capillary organs, then simply use cold water 
applied with a soft sponge; avoid all comb¬ 
ing or brushing, and clean the mane aud 
tail, as the Arabs do, with a coarse flannel 
rubber.— Midy Morgan. 
^rkricultural. 
FORESTS IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
One half of the area of New Hampshire 
is covered by forests, and that area is in- | 
creasing, as many tracts which were former¬ 
ly cultivated have been abandoned as farms 
and re-devoted to the growth of trees. In 
1869 the value of the cord wood and timber 
taken from the forests of New Hampshire 
amounted to $2,351,612. 
The railroads aud their brunches center¬ 
ing in Concord consumed, last year, in the 
shops and locomotives, 72,000 cords of wood. 
The aggregate railroad consumption of the 
State is 123,000 cords per annum. Allowing 
30 cords to the acre as the average produc¬ 
tion we have 40,000 acres annually denuded 
of these trees every year for fuel. In addi¬ 
tion to this the railroads, on an average, re¬ 
new their sleepers every seven and a-half 
years, or 250,000 new sleepers every year. 
The hard wood lumber used in the State 
prison of New Hampshire coats $4 to $5 per 
thousand on the stump. 
A growth of white pine sold in 1869 for 
$10 per M. on the stump for timber which 
would not have sold for more than $1.50 per 
M. for cord wood. This lot of white pine 
hud been growing 86 years on a very rocky, 
poor soil, not worth anything for cultiva¬ 
tion, and sloping toward the Northwest, it 
was estimated at the time of the sale to 
average 22 1-2 M. feet of timber and 16 cords 
of wood to the acre, and the price paid for 
it was $235 per acre. Enough of it had been 
sold from time to time to pay all the taxes 
upon it. On this basis a man might make 
simple interest, at six per cent, if he had 
paid for it $38.52 per acre 86 years ago, or if 
compound interest had been reckoned he 
could have paid for it $1.75 per acre. 
A wood lot on a fair soil and favorable ex¬ 
posure in New Hampshire will average 35 
cords of wood after a growth of 36 years. 
If this can be sold for $1 per cord on tho 
stump, one could afford to give about $4.- 
37 1-2 cents for tho land and make interest 
on it; but if it sella at $2 he could afford to 
give very much more. 
Ou measuring a large number of pine logs 
and counting the rings, the average length 
wap 50 feet; average diameter 2*2.8 inches; 
average age 86.76 years; average cubic con¬ 
tents 363 feet, and the average annual 
growth 4.2 feet, board measure. 
Twenty chestnut logs averaged .33 feet in 
length; average diameter was 21.4 inches; 
average age '"4 years; cubic contents 296 ft.; 
average annual growth 4 feet board measure. 
Twenty red ouk logs averaged 30 feet in 
length; average diameter 18.2 inches; aver¬ 
age age 70.1 years; average contents 253 ft.; 
average annual growth 3.6 feet board meas¬ 
ure. 
Five hemlock trees averaged 35 feet; aver¬ 
age diameter 17-2 Inches; average age 77 
years; average contents 271 feet; average 
annual growth 3 1-2 feet board measure. 
in Concord, two elms were set out 100 
years ago on the same day. The lirst had 
ample space to develop itself and had a 
splendid top. At 3 feet from the ground 
the circumference was 16 feet 10 inches. 
The second was much crowded and shaded 
by neighboring trees; at 3 feet from the 
ground it measured but 9 feet 4 inches. 
Five elms, now standing iu Concord, were 
transplanted from neighboring forests on 
the 2d of May, 1761; they are now all flour¬ 
ishing luxuriously. Fifteen years ago the 
largest measured, 3 feet from the ground,*10 
feet in circumference. Now it measures 16 
feet 10 inches. N. H. 
plastered upon a brick wall. Brick will be 
required for the arch. To turn this, about 
eighteen inches below the surface of the 
ground, a shoulder should be made the 
width of the brick on which the arch is to 
rest. One thousand brick will be sufficient 
for a cistern of the capacity of one hundred 
gallons, constructed on this plan, and the 
whole may be built at a coBt of $25. Ou 
many farms bvlck may be already on hand 
and some farmers, perhaps, would prefer to 
wall the entire cistern from the bottom. 
To do this, two-thirds, or perhaps three- 
fourths, more brick would be required. 
“The most proper form, aud the one 
which gives the greatest strength to a cis¬ 
tern, is t hat of an ordinary jug—say ten or 
twelve feet deep and six or eight feet in 
diameter at the bottom, increasing in the 
middle to nine or ten feet, and from the 
middle upwards the size should be contract¬ 
ed to the base of tho arch to six feet or loss. 
Such a cistern will hold from one hundred 
to a hundred and fifty barrels, aud would 
afford a supply of water for twenty head of 
animals continually. 
“ It is important to secure as freshly 
burnt hydraulic cement as possible. The 
coarsest sand makes the strongest mortar. 
This should be clean, that is, free from any 
clayey or marly substance. Every good 
mason knows the proport ion in which these 
should be mixed.” 
-♦♦♦- 
Taking off the Hides of Animals.— A 
leather worker gives the following direc¬ 
tions in the Canada Farmer:—“ \Ve will 
suppose tho animal dead and placed on its 
back; the operator, by thrusting his knife 
point foremost and edge up, makes a slit 
tho entire length of the carcass, from the 
chin, over the center of the breast in the 
line of the navel to the vent. Lot him now 
stand by its aide, with his face looking tho 
way the head lies, and taking the fore foot 
in his left hand, run the point of his knife 
in the line of tho cleft of tho foot aud cap of 
the knee, up the fvout of the leg and into 
the central slit of liis bosom. For the hind 
leg, having reversed his position, let the slit 
be made in the line of the heel, over the cen¬ 
ter of the cap of tho hock down the back of 
the ham into the central slit. In this way 
the hide when spread out will have a square 
form without long projections, and conse¬ 
quent deep indentions of its outline.” 
•.farm (fcouonm. 
BARN CISTERNS. 
Barn cisterns, when there is no sup¬ 
ply of spring water for the barns, are most 
profitable. With a windmill to pump the 
water a stock burn furnished with hose and 
troughs can be supplied at very little cost, 
comparatively. This is in answer to an 
inquiry from u correspondent who asks 
those who have built such cisterns, to tell 
him, through the. Rural New-Yorker, 
how to do it and what it will cost. 
Since writ ing the foregoing, we see in the 
New England Homestead the following 
which will help our correspondent:— “To 
ordinary clay soils a cistern may be built, 
without brick —except for the arch — by 
merely making the excavation of tho size 
and depth required anil laying the mortar 
immediately on the clay sides; if well done 
with good hydraulic cement, and clean, 
coarse sand, it will be as permanent as if 
PIG-PEN PAPERS. 
Springwater Valley, N. Y., Pigs.— 
Wm. H. Norton writes ua that D. C. Sny¬ 
der, Springwater Valley, N. Y., killed, 
Dec. 18, 1871, two pigs, eight months and 
eighteen days old, that weighed respectively 
394 and 7134 pounds. He does not tell us the 
breed, nor the mode or feeding, which it 
might be profitable to know. Let those 
who send us reports of heavy pigs, give us 
the cost of fattening, and the market price 
of pork, so that our readers may be able to 
act understaudingly upon such information. 
Swine Breeders’ Convention.—At the 
instance of Col. Curtis, the American Inst. 
Farmer’s Club has appointed a Committee 
consisting of F. D. Curtis, Charlton, N. Y.; 
Lucius A. Chase and Mahon C. Weld, 
New York City, to correspond with swine- 
breeders, with a view, if thought practi¬ 
cable, of calling a convention to consider 
their interests and take such action as may 
be deemed advisable. This action has in 
view to cousider the propriety of establish¬ 
ing a swine-herd book, as a meaus of pro¬ 
tection to both breeders and buyers of blood 
swiuc. 
Hog-Cholera seems to have as many 
remedies as a politician has principles, and 
we feel compelled to publish them so that 
in a case of dire necessity there may be a 
choice. This is the latest one we have no¬ 
ticed. The Rural World says:—“The fol¬ 
lowing cure for hog cholera has been well 
tested in Illinois during the past Bummer, 
and we are assured has never failed to effect 
a rapid cure:—Make a strong tea from the 
May-apple root; for each hundred hogs add 
one pound of assafoctida, and make a stitY 
slop with bran. For a cure, feed once a 
day; for a preventive, once a week.” 
Hogs Eating Yellow Corn.— For the 
benefit of “An Iowa Feeder,” let me state 
that I fattened four hogs this fall on white 
and yellow corn mixed ,—fed wholly in the 
ear. They were fed all they could eat 
all the time, (tending to make them fasti¬ 
dious in their appetites) but showed no dis¬ 
position to discriminate bet.weeu the two 
Colors. Am now feeding three five months 
—all shoats—in t he same way, anti with the 
same results. They get all they can eat 
twice a day, and are very fat, but make no 
distinction between the white and yellow.— 
j. a. w. 
