pm 
iii 
VOL. XXV. NO. 13. 
WHOLE NO. 1157. 
[Kiiteml HocorUing to Act uf CuriKiiias. in the year 1872, by D. I). T. Mooitu, in the office of the IJbrarlan of Congress, at Washington.] 
Arboriculture. [j 
NEW YORK, AND ROCHESTER, N. Y„ MARCH 30, 1872, 
j PRICE SIX CENTS. 
I 82.50 PER VEAR. 
Herewith is given 
nn illustration of the 
magnificent Palm Av¬ 
enue in the Botanic 
Barden, Rio Janeiro. 
The Palm of which 
this grand avenue ia 
formed is the Oreo- 
doxtt regia-, a variety 
distinguished for its 
lofty trunk and term¬ 
inal head of noble fo¬ 
liage. This avenue is 
unrivaled for its reg¬ 
ularity, extent and 
beauty. It forms a 
colonado of natural 
('orinthian columns, 
whose graceful bright 
green capitals seem to 
support an over-arch¬ 
ing dome of bright 
blue sky. The treea 
of which it consists, 
ten years ago were 
about sixty feet in 
bight to the top of 
the fronds, and were 
said to be between 
forty and fifty years 
of age. They are now 
probably seventy-five 
to eighty feet In hight. 
The trunk of each of 
them is about four 
feet iu diameter at 
four feet from the 
ground, and it tapers 
gradually a length of 
more than fifty feet, 
when it becomes uni¬ 
ted with another 
smooth, and thinner 
trunk, from ten to 
twelvo feet in hight, 
formed of the bright 
green foot-stalks of 
the leaves, which 
again measure twenty 
feet or more. 
Mr. Crouciier says: 
“In young vigorous 
trees the leaves are 
considerably longer. 
The great beauty of 
this palm is its ele¬ 
gance and cleanliness 
of aspect; no ragged 
leaf beats about in the 
wind, even at that 
great hight; the over¬ 
ripe yellow' leaves un¬ 
sheath themselves of 
their own accord, and 
the trees look as clean 
as if they had been 
trimmed by h an d. 
The color of the stem 
is a whitish gray, like 
that of light stone in 
dazzling sunshine,and 
although from top to 
bottom it is covered 
with lichens o f all the 
colors of the rainbow, 
yet so small ure they 
that you only per¬ 
ceive them by ap¬ 
proaching the tree. 
PALM AVENUE 
RIO EE JANEIRO. 
, “ In the same gar¬ 
den exists the parent 
i of these palms, which 
was planted during 
the last years of the 
last century, and is 
now above 1R0 feet in 
.j bight. It; Is a noble 
tree, and, as it stands 
singly, and at a con¬ 
siderable distance 
from other plants, its 
beauty and hight can 
be seen to the best 
-j advantage.” 
PALM AVENUE AT 
BIO JANEIRO. 
DIGGING HOLES 
EOR TREES. 
I T>EHIRK to 8et Out 
an orchard this spring 
and wish some infor¬ 
mation. What should 
be the dimensions of 
the hole to set apple 
trees, throe years old, 
iu ? And how should 
it be prepared? I al¬ 
so desire the same in¬ 
formation in regard 
to peach, pear and 
cherry trees. Per¬ 
haps you have given 
this information 
many times in your 
excellent paper; but 
I am a new subscriber, 
and have never seen 
it. Am also a new 
beginner on the farm, 
and have no knowl¬ 
edge as to how to pro¬ 
ceed, but 1 desire to 
learn. If you, or any 
of your many readers, 
will give me a few 
hints, they will be 
thankfully received. 
J.O.W., Mcipleton, 0. 
The larger you dig 
the holes to receive 
the trees the better; 
but three to four feet 
in diameter w r ill do, 
and one and a-half 
deep. If land is sub- 
soiled before plant¬ 
ing, then holes of less 
size will do. In dig¬ 
ging the holes throw 
the top soil on one 
side and the subsoil 
on the other; then in 
filling throw the good 
soil into the bottom, 
and take good soil 
from the surface near 
the hole to fill in 
around the roots, and 
leave the poor earth 
to spread over the 
surface, and fill up 
auy depressions made 
in obtaining good soil 
to put around the 
tree. The object is 
to get as deep a soil 
about the trees as pos¬ 
sible. Set the trees 
only two or three 
inches deeper than 
they were in the nur¬ 
sery, and pack the 
soil very firmly about 
them. 
