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: 'Jos:* 
t^V\QWV^_ (\YYt*N?2i 
j PRICK SIX. CENTS, 
I *2.50 PER YEAR. 
[Entered ucconliiiK to Act ..f Congress, in the year 1S72, by I). I). T. Moouk, m the ... the Librarian of Congress, »t Washington.] 
shire, which were; their original homes. The 
Short-IIorusare dormant. A recent writer 
says:—“ Sixty years ago the Long-Horn was 
the most important and fashionable breed 
of cattle inhabiting the counties of Derby 
and Stafford, and there still linger in the 
district wondrous tales of the quantity of 
milk yielded by some favorite cow, or the 
more marvelous weights which the oxen 
and heifers attained, when grazed on the 
rich, alluvial pastures of the Trent, the 
Dove, or the Derwent. From some cause or 
other, the breed has gradually receded in 
public estimation, and the only herds of 
note now existing in England are those of 
his Grace, the Duke of Buckingham, at 
Stowe Park, Bucks; Sir JpHN Harper 
< 'hew, Bart., (’alke Abbey, Derbyshire; 
•John Gudskey, Wigston Parva, Iliekley, 
Leicestershire, and It. H. Chapman, of 
Upton, Nuneaton, Warwickshire. The Duke 
of Buckingham has a herd of fine animals, 
numbering at the present time nearly 100 
head; they are directly descended from the 
breeds; the chine remarkably full when fat, 
but hollow when low in condition; loin 
broad, and hips wide and protuberant, the 
quarter long and level, fleshy thighs, with 
small, clean, but comparatively long legs; 
carcass round, and l ibs well sprung, flesh 
of good quality, hide of medium t hickness, 
and color various—the brindle. the finch- 
back. and the pye most common. As gra¬ 
zier’s stock, they undoubtedly rank high; 
the bone and offal small, and t he fore-end 
light, while the chine, the loin, the rump, 
and the ribs are heavily loaded, and with 
flesh of the finest quality. Tn point of early 
maturity they have also materially gained; 
in general they have gained a year in prepa¬ 
ration for the butcher.” 
Such was the character of the Improved 
Long-Horn, as established by these leading 
breeders. The Hhort-Horus seem to have 
soon displaced this breed, with all its pecu¬ 
liar excellences. There is scarcely a single 
herd of these Long-Horns left in Leicester¬ 
shire, Westmoreland, Lancashire, and York- 
ing. He commenced with two heifers from 
Mr. Webster's herd at C’anley, using on 
them a bull from Westmoreland. His aim 
was rotundity of form and aptitude to feed. 
In this he was successful. But the result 
was not an ability to fill the milk pail like 
the old breed. Mr. Marshall describes 
the characteristics of (lie Improved Leices- 
ters, or Long-Horns, as followsFore-end 
long and light (t Ills we may observe is a fault 
apparent in the few herds remaining in 
England); neck thin, head line but long and 
tapering, eye large, bright, and prominent. 
The horns vary with the sex; those of bulls 
comparatively short, from fifteen inches to 
two feet. The oxen extremely large, from 
two and a-hulf feet to three and a-half feet, 
long. Cows nearly as long, but: fine and 
tapering. Most of the horns hang down¬ 
ward by the side of the cheeks, and I hen, if 
well turned, as in many of the cows, about 
forward at the points; the shoulders tine, 
thin, and well placed; girth small, as com¬ 
pared with Short-Horn and MMdlo-Horn 
LONG-HORN CATTLE. 
Yorkshire, Eng., has the credit of giving 
rise to.the Long-Horns. They enjoyed a 
considerable local reputation. The district 
of Craven was their original home. Before 
Bakewell s t ime Cxtlley described them 
as “ Long-bodied, big-boned, coarse, flat- 
sided, and often lyery or black-fleshed.” 
But many even of these Craven cattle were, 
noticeable for rotundity, length of carcass, 
mellowness of skin and tile excellent quali¬ 
ty of their milk. The improvement of the 
breed dates from 1720. Sir Thomas Gres- 
ley and n blacksmith named Welby did 
much to improve this stock. Mr. Webster 
of Cauloy near Coventry was also a Long- 
Horn breeder of local note. BAKKWELLiim- 
proved the breed and they were known as 
Improved Leicesters. His breeding was 
close and there was little risk run by cross- 
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