Bakewell, Oanloy, Roll right, and some of 
the purest old Warwickshire families. The 
herd is of long standing, aud has been bred 
with great care and judgment. Animals 
from this herd have frequently distin¬ 
guished themselves in the show-yard. 
“Sir John Harper Crew, who was form¬ 
erly an admirer aud breeder of pedigree 
Short-Horns, and though it is scarcely ten 
years since he commenced to cultivate the 
Long-Horn, now possesses a herd of forty 
breeding cows, which, for uniformity of 
type, could scarcely be excelled by their 
great rivals, the Short-Horns. They come 
to hand mellow to the touch. The skin, 
though thick, is covered with a profusion of 
rich, soft hair; the rib is well sprung, chine 
broad, shouhlers well placed, barrel round 
and deep, the general appearance in unison, 
denoting a healthy and vigorous coustitu- 
t ion. They are good milkers, and, as a rule, 
prolific breeders. What appears to ns as 
their only weak point in these days of high 
feeding and quick returns la, that they arc 
longer in arriving at maturity than the Im¬ 
proved Short-Horn; consequently they 
give a less return for the quantity of food 
they consume. 
“T. W. Cox, Esq., of Spoudon Hall, near 
Derby, has a very good herd, tracing their 
account from the herd of Bakewell and the 
old Warwickshire sorts, on an outlying 
farm which he has iu hand. Both rearing 
and cheese making are practised at Bpon- 
don. A small herd is kept for the use of t he 
hall. All the steers are made off to the 
butcher at about three years and a-half old. 
Mr. Cox has long been a successful exhibitor 
at the Royal, as well as the Smithfleld and 
Birmingham fat shows, and also at many of 
the local societies in the neighborhood. The 
family of Cox have been celebrated for 
many generations as breeders of Long- 
Horns. Mr. ( 'ii a pm an of Nuneaton keeps 
a herd of thirty cows; they are heavy- 
fleshed animals, of tho old Warwickshire 
blood. All the calves are reared; the most 
promising males are saved as bulls. Cheese 
making is practiced, and Mr. Chapman ex¬ 
presses himself well satisfied with tho quan¬ 
tity of the produce; the milk is considered 
richer in butter than that, of the Hhort- 
Ilorn. By a careful selection of breeding 
animals with a view to early maturity, the 
Loug-IIorns might yet regain much of their 
ancient popularity.” 
“OVERFLOW OF THE GALL.” 
One week ago to-day I had the misfor¬ 
tune to lose my heifer, two years old—one I 
raised myself, and thought a good deal of. 
She was in good order all this winter—in¬ 
deed, fat; but towards spring she became 
sick occasionally, and then settled into a 
steady sickness of three weeks, and died, 
leaving a calf two weeks old. No one seemed 
to know what the trouble was. The doctor 
I employed called it the “dry murrain;” 
others inflammation of t int kidneys, bowels, 
lungs, horn-ail, or somet hing else. Hhe was 
never so weak but what she got up without 
help, till the day she died; and until the 
last two days would eat and drink some. 
After she died a post mortem examinat ion 
was determined upon, and three or four of 
my friends proceeded to the business. Ver¬ 
dict—“ Died from overflow of the gall.” 
1 replied that I should sooner think that 
she died of dropsy; for when the hide was 
being removed, a yellow kind of water 
flowed from her body, and the fat was like 
a soft jelly, full of the snThe kind of liquid. 
Her heart-case was enormous in size, and 
when opened with a knife, discharged a vast 
quantity of water. The external surface 
of the heart looked like fried liver, t hough 
it appeared natural inside; the lungs of -a 
bluish color; liver looked natural; gall-hag 
about four inches long. Now, 1 would like 
some one to tell me whether overflow of gall 
occasioned all this. Does it induce a drop¬ 
sical condition? Wlmt are its symptoms 
and cure? Answers to those inquiries may 
enlighten my own mind and benefit others. 
—H., Friendship, N. 1'. 
Our correspondent is not, special enough 
iu describing the appearance and actions of 
the animal before death. Did the eyes turn 
yellow, and the skin and urine? Was 
rumination suspended and the animal 
thirsty? Was she costive, listless? We 
suspect the trouble was jaundice, caused by 
the obstruction of the passage of the bile 
from the gall bladder into the duodenum. 
It is a common cause of sutfaring among 
cows in spring. We know of no suoh dis¬ 
ease as “ tho overflow' of the gall.” 
- 4 • » 
A Blind Cow.—1 have a cow that, got 
liookod while in the stanchions, by the cow 
standing next to her. The tip of’ the horn 
struck her in one eye and she is now blind 
in both. Can any of your readers tell mo 
why she should lose the sight of the eye op¬ 
posite to the oue injured, and what (if any¬ 
thing) will restore her sight?—c. D. B. 
NEW JERSEY LANDS AND PEOPLE. 
In the “ Diary of a lturalist,” tinder date 
of Jan. 17th, 1 notice remarks upon New 
Jersey—its “ poor lands and penurious peo¬ 
ple.” “Ruralirtt” should remember that 
railroads almost universally pass through 
the poorer section of country, and, iu going 
from New York to Philadelphia, ho can by 
no means see a sufficient portion of our State 
to enable him to form a just idea of its fer¬ 
tility. True, we have a good deal of idle 
land that is producing nothing; much more 
that is miserably tilled, but some that Is 
producing well, and this is the case in every 
State. New Jersey, from the character of 
her soil, her location, and her very great 
facilities for reaching the markets, ought to 
bo the Garden of America. But, oven in 
this age of discoveries and improvements, 
who could expect that, yet? Though one 
of the oldest States, she is still in her in¬ 
fancy, and time must be given her to bring 
the soil to that degree of fertility which will 
soon, of necessity, be demanded of her. 
But, even now, notwithstanding the 
“hundreds and thousands of acres of poor, 
worn-out land ” that “ Ruralist “ saw, there 
are (according to Agricultural Report, for 
1870, page 88) only four States in the Union 
that jjroduce as much per acre as our State, 
while the Empire State stands number ten. 
1 think t.hose statist ics will show that, what¬ 
ever may lie the state of her soil as regards 
fertility. Now Jersey will compare favora¬ 
bly with her sistor States. 
But, with the ad vantages over other States 
which she possesses, It would be discredit¬ 
able to her to only equal her neighbors. 
Much of our land is exceedingly well calcu¬ 
lated for market-gardening and for small 
fruit raising, as well ns for producing the 
more common farm crops,—and we would 
like to inspire every tiller of Jersey soil 
with tho knowledge that land must be lib¬ 
erally fed with manures in order to get the 
largest returns; with a zeal that would lead 
him to try to excel ia whatever branch of 
agriculture or horticulture he might be en¬ 
gaged, and with an aversion to the common 
system of poor farming.— Jersey Farmer. 
■-♦♦♦- 
From Fredevicktown, Knox Co., O.— 
Tire first settlement, of our county was in 
18(10; since then forests have been receding 
before the woodman’s ax for the last seventy 
years. The county was heavily timbered, 
consisting of oak, walnut, poplar and ash, 
they being the most valuable kinds, with 
an abundance of maple and beach. Bottom 
land is timbered principally with sycamore, 
soma of large dimensions, measuring thirty 
feel Jn circumference. Our county is well 
adapted to the growth of all kinds of grain. 
It is, throughout, so well adapted to miscel¬ 
laneous agriculture that our farmers pursue 
all branches of husbandry. Fruit trites 
were long neglected, but of late we ar<?set¬ 
ting out new orchards of apple and peach 
trees. The first total failure of peach trees 
was in 1850; tho previous winter was the 
coldest known to any of our inhabitants in 
this county. Tho mercury ran down to 
eighteen degrees below zero. The winter 
of 1871 was much colder, and peach trees, as 
well as less hardy trees, were more or less 
injured. The mercury ran down to twenty- 
six degrees below zero. The farms of Knox 
county vary in size; there are a few that 
are quite largo—from two to four hundred 
acres each. Farms are selling at from $55 
t*o $80 per acre.—A. D. Sixer.man. 
California Laud Monopoly.—W. F. G. 
writes:—“1 learn that California is cursed 
with land monopolies—that there are these 
disadvantages to a settler that ought to bo 
removed. Can you toll me anything about 
its educational facilities?” From what wo 
can learn, the land monopolists of Califor¬ 
nia are a curse to it. Home of them do not 
even live on their land, nor lease it to ten¬ 
ants; but annually employ a force to put in 
crops, and again at harvest time another 
force to gather them; the balance of the 
year they reside elsewhere. There are 
many most excellent schools in the State, 
but, if we are correctly informed, most of 
the money to Rupport the. schools is raised 
by local taxation. There is no general fund 
nor public lands set aside for school pur¬ 
poses, as in many of the other new States. 
Hence the school tax, in many localities, es¬ 
pecially where there are largo non-resident 
laud owners, bears heavily upon a few. 
From Vermillion, D. T. — Please tell 
Frank \V. Tyler, who inquiros the price 
of Southern Indiana laud, and the induce¬ 
ments offered by that locality for a farmer 
of small means, that no matter what the 
price, or how extraordinary the induce¬ 
ments, it cannot exceed, If equal, the in¬ 
ducements offered to men of that class by 
the Vermillion Valley, Dakota. For cli¬ 
mate, soil, class of settlers, future railroad 
prospects, and geographical position, to 
say nothing of tho rapid influx of popula¬ 
tion, aud laud free to all who will improve 
it within from live to fifteen miles of active, 
growing towns, this valley cannot be vied 
with by any portion of tho United States. 
References: —Every citizen of Dakota, 
“ Foster’s Outline History of Dakota,” 
and every traveler who has paid a visit to 
this portion of our territory.— F. McKer- 
cheb. * 
Inquiries About Florida.—1. Is Flori¬ 
da a healthy country ? 2. Would it be ad¬ 
visable fora persou somewhat troubled with 
bilious disease to go from the North to 
Florida to live? 3. Where would be the 
beat place south of the 37th parallel for a 
person with limited means to locate? Will 
not some of your Florida correspondents 
answer?— H. A. 
Inquiry About Oregon.—Will some of 
the subscribers of your valuable paper, re¬ 
siding In the State of.Oregon, please answer 
the following questions:—What is the 
price of land, of stock, farm labor, and what 
the kind of timber? Also any kind of in¬ 
formation that would he interesting to a 
person thinking of going there to settle.— 
A. Comi*toN. 
gdboricuttunil. 
ARBORICULTURAL NOTES. 
Unfruitful Dwarf Apples.—I have an 
orchard of dwarf apple trees, which have 
been set out eight years, and have borne 
scarcely any. Now, I would like to know 
if it ever will ? Most of the trees have 
grown nicely. Will they ever take root aud 
grow as standards? 1 would like to place 
standards in their place if they arc worth¬ 
less.—!;. Z. Laurence, Laurence Co., Pa. 
Dwarf apple trees usually come Into 
bearing when quite youug, and wo do not 
know why yours are an exception to the 
general rule, unless they have already taken 
root above the junction with the stock, and 
are changing to standards. If they are 
growing vigorously, we should feel encour¬ 
aged to allow them to remain, provided 
they are of choice sorts. Perhaps insects 
destroy the fruit when small, and you would 
bo no better off if the trees were standards. 
Dwarf apple trees should bear wherever 
standards succeed. 
Deep-nlauted Pear Trees.—Last year 
I planted one-year-old pear trees over boles 
dug large and deep on new land, and did 
not allow enough for the settling of the till¬ 
ing. Tho trees now stand from four to eight 
inches lower than they did in the nursery. 
Ought they to be raised? The soil is not 
clay, and not much of it level. The trees 
are growing well.—X., Middletown, N. .1, 
1F the trees grow vigorously we should not 
replant them; but to have the robts covered 
eight inches deeper than they were iu the 
nursery, is a little too much, but on light, 
dry soils, four inches would not- be suffi¬ 
cient to do much injury, in taking trees 
out. of a heavy soil, such as used by most of 
our nurserymen who cultivate pear trees 
extensively, and planting them iu lighter 
soils, the roots should be buried a little 
deeper than they were in the nursery. 
When to Cut Timber.—In the old of 
the moon of August, 1870,1 cut down about 
half an aero of small growth of timber, 
mostly hickory, from live to fourteen inches 
in diameter. It lay iu the tree us it fell till 
the following winter and spring, when I 
trimmed it up and chopped it into Htovo 
wood, and put in woodhouse. In the win¬ 
ter of 1871 aud 1872 I burned it for common 
lire-wood, and have not discovered any 
worm eating or powder-post, aa is common 
for wood iu such circumstances. I saved a 
few huts for ax handles. I split one of them 
the other day and found it as withy and 
free from worm-eating as the day It was 
cut.— Josiah Fowx.er, Erie Co., O. 
Mexican Rhododendron. — Please in¬ 
form me what is the name of the shrub 
from which the inclosed leaves are taken, 
and oblige— Subscriber, Santa Fe, New 
Mexico. 
The leaves are those of some species of 
Rhododendron, but wo cannot nive the spe¬ 
cific name without having the flowers, or at 
least knowing their color and size. 
W hen to Transplant Box. — L. W. 
asks:—“ When is the proper time to trans¬ 
plant Box?” Now. 
ihe ^icine-gei[(l. 
IMPORTATION OF NEAPOLITAN SWINE. 
Several months since, I forwarded an 
order to one of the most distinguished 
breeders, to send me a pair of his best Nea- 
polItau pigs. They have just arrived at this 
port, in the Italian bark “Louisa Bruno.” 
They are superior to auy I ever saw in Eng¬ 
land, and quite equal to those imported by 
my friend, Mr. Cuamukblin, of Columbia 
County, some twenty years ago. 
These pigs are of pure slate color, are al¬ 
most entirely destitute of hair, giving tho 
skin the appearance of that of a West India 
lap dog. In form, they are much like Fig. 
23 of Lord Western's Essex boar, at page 81 
of “Harris on the Pig.” The barrel, how¬ 
ever, is somewhat longer; the back crown¬ 
ing instead of slightly hollowed; the face 
and ears a trifle more in length—the latter 
turning forward Instead of being pricked up. 
The Neapolitan Is a size larger than the 
Essex, matures aR early, and fattens as 
quickly. The pork Is said to bo more deli¬ 
cate than that of any other of the pig kind, 
with a flavor resembling that of a very fat, 
tender, six months chicken. 
This is a valuable breed of Itself, aud ad¬ 
mirable for crossing on coarse white swine. 
The produce of such is highly esteemed in 
Europe. Tt is said that tho Neapolitan has 
perfected the improved Essex, as now bred 
iu England. A- B. Allen. 
New York, April 21th, 1872. 
* 4-4 4 
PIG-PEN PAPERS. 
IVho Originated the Improved Che- 
shires?—In the Rural New-Yorker of 
March Kith, I find a statement concerning 
the improved Cheshire pigs, to wit: —That 
it originated by Mr. T. T. Cavanaugh of 
Watertown, N. Y. I .also have two circu¬ 
lars from Messrs. Clark & Green of Belle¬ 
ville, Jefferson Co., N. Y.. which state that 
Mr. A. C. Clark of Henderson, Jefferson 
Co., N. Y., was the originator of this justly 
celebrated breed. It is not probable that 
both are correct; nud I would bo pleased to 
know w hich is. 
I have two pigs from Messrs. Clark & 
Green that answer the description of this 
breed perfectly; and for beauty aud size— 
considering the amount of feed given—I 
think there is no other breed of hogs in 
Central Ohio that will equal them. 
I also have a Chester White hog, a year 
old. that will not weigh over 250 pounds, 
that we have fed well. Last Saturday I had 
him castrated and liis mouth examined, 
and many of his teeth were gouo, and what 
were left were nearly all rotten. He lias 
been kept on sw’ill and corn. Will some one 
please give the desired information ?—J. A. 
Rkamy. _ 
Black Tooth Ailing E. W. Libbey’s 
Pigs.—I think that E. W. Libbey’s pigs 
(see Rural April G, page 22G) have black 
teeth. I had some similarly affected a year 
ago. For some time I could not discover 
what ailed them; they had been fed corn, 
the slop from the kitchen, with an occasional 
dose of sulphur, aud access to tho ground; 
were in good order and seemingly thrifty. 
They were taken with a cough aud loss of 
appetite; and trying to eat seemed to make 
them cough worse; were also weak in the 
hind parts; could scarcely raise themselves. 
A neighbor seeing them one day, thought 
perhaps they had black teeth. We made 
an examination, and found it so. [took a 
nail and placed one end on the teeth, which 
w as just forward of the double teeth, gave 
it a smart blow with the hammer, which 
broke them, and my pigs soon recovered. 
Why some should have them and others 
not, I do not understand; and why they 
should affect them as they do, I would like 
to know.— l. n. t. 
A Prolific Poland Bow*— Wilson Har¬ 
vey of Warren Co., Ohio, has a so w t that had 
13 pigs on the 22d of February, 1871, 11 of 
which she raised, and he fed them and 
butchered them Nov. 22d, and the average 
weight 2G5 lbs. gross. On the21st of August, 
same year, she had 13 pigs, 11 of which she 
raised, aud will average now (March 25th, 
1872), over 200 lbs. gross. On the 11th of 
February, 1872, the same sow had 13 pigs, 
0 of Which she is raising. In all, 30 pigs in a 
little less than one year, 31 of which she 
raised and is raising. Stock-Polund China, 
or Warren county hogs. Who can beat 
this?—8. H. K. _ 
Remedy for Kidney Disease. — We 
advise Edwin Macomber to feed liis pigs 
corn soaked iu the lye of wood ashes, or in 
strong soap suds, and rub the loins with 
spirits of turpentine. We have saved pigs 
in this mauner. 
