qvip 
NEW YORK, AND ROCHESTER, N. Y., AU( 
( PRICE SIX CENTS, 
'( 82.50 PER YEAR. 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, by D. D. T. Moons, in the office of the librarian of Congress, at Washington.] 
will absorb much less water than mortar 
made of caustic lime and sand. The bricks 
for a chimney-top should be soaked in wa¬ 
ter for a few minutes, so that they will not 
extract the water from the mortar. In or¬ 
der to have mortar become very%hanl, it 
must dry slowly. By laying up wet bricks, 
the mortar will set slowly, dry slowly, and 
eventually become almost as hard as the 
bricks. Every brick chimney should be cov¬ 
ered si. the top with a copestone, with an 
arched top, or with bricks placed over the 
flues, like the rafter of a building, for the 
purpose of turning off the water which 
would ko down the inside, be absorbed by 
the bricks, and, in some instances, soak 
through and wet the paper or kalsoniining 
on the inside. A chimney-top laid up with 
good cement mortar, and covered with u 
copestone or chimnoy-ureh, will stand the 
influences of the weather for more than a 
hundred years without any repairs. 
FARM BARN AND SHEDS 
Abrian L. CIiAIRAxoe, Friendship, N. Y., 
sends us the accompanying plan of a farm 
barn and sheds. A 1, stable, 14 by *JfS; A 2, 
stable, 12 by 17; A 3, stable, 11 by 30; A 4, 
stable, 13 by 15; B 1, shed, 17 by 28; B 2, 
•shed, 15 by 28; B 3, shed, 30 by 30; (", bay; 
D, threshing Boor; E, E, E, E, stalls, the 
two in the east being each 7 by 10, and those 
on the west being 5 by 111; F, harness-room, 
4 by 0; G, Stairs and feed room; If, wagon 
room ; I, I, I, l, I, I, I, mangers; J, .1, yards; 
K. K, racks; , doors; . windows; N, N, 
N, N, grain bins. These buildings, sheds 
and 3 ’urds inclose a space IK! by 72 feet. 
TO MAKE A CHEAP CELLAR BOTTOM 
FOUNDATION WALLS 
I wish to build a barn on the east side of 
a ridge. The bank is clay and not very wet. 
May 1 ask some of your readers having ex¬ 
perience, if the bank should be dug straight 
down or slanting a little, I want to build a 
wall some eighteen feet high. It is to be 
built of field stone, flow thick should the 
wall be, and how much slant do I need ? 
Will it he best, to commence at the bottom 
with mortar, or fill the trench up with 
stones, dry, for a drain? Do your readers 
know (and will they tell what they know) 
anything about concrete walls. I believe 
that is what they are called. They are laid 
up dry, a foot at a time, then tilled with 
thin mortar, com- 
posed of one part 
water lime and live 
\ or six parts sand, 
\ mad so thin that it 
\ will (ill all the crev¬ 
ices. A re such walls 
durable ? What are 
their cost compared 
to wiflls laid in lime 
f shall be 
HOW TO BUILD BRICK CHIMNEY TOPS 
The Industrial Monthly says:—All the 
brickwork above the superstructure, wheth¬ 
er the building is stone, brick, or wood, 
should be made with cement mortar, which 
two inches lower than the middle. A mis¬ 
take sometimes occurs by grading the cellar 
bottom in such a 
manner that the 
center will be two or 
three inches lower, - - ~A" _ : 
than the outside. / 
When this is the / r a 
case, should water 
enter from I hr out- 
being r a m m e d* so 
that the upper sides 
may be in a line with 
interstices are tilled. ||g|gS3j| 
ing has set, spread / 
ment mortar 1 inch 
and. iry.v'-l th>- -in ’ 
even on the surface, 
lay an inch board 
one foot from the 
wall, on the surface 
mortar ? 
obliged for any ex 
perience or suggest 
ions. B. H. B. 
HINTS FOR BUILD 
ERS. 
T H E Building 
News says:—1. Nev¬ 
er allow pervious 
drains In pervious 
soils. 2. Never al¬ 
low a cesspool or 
drain near a well. 
3. Never select 
gravel as a building 
site if well drained 
clay can be obtain¬ 
ed. 4. Never allow 
drinking water to 
be drawn from aeis- 
tern supplying a 
water-closet. 5. 
Never allow waste- 
pipes to be inserted 
into water - closet 
traps. (5, Nover al¬ 
low rain-water to 
run to the ground 
if it he required 
above. 7. Never al¬ 
low water to stand 
in exposed pipes in 
frost. 8. Nover al¬ 
low p i p e s t o be 
iyk 
j j 111| 11 
l(K M 1 1 j L 
W 
siSS 
