PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.” 
perintemlent of Public Grounds, embraces 
many interesting facts. That on the Fungoid 
Diseases of Plants will command attention. It 
is elaborately illustrated and will certainly stim¬ 
ulate inquiry. There are several pages devoted 
to reports upon tests of Department seeds, 
which farmers may peruse with profit. The 
report upon Southern Fruit Growing for mar¬ 
ket. Illustrates the rapid increase and extent of 
fruit culture iti the .South. Eleven pages are 
devoted to “A Few Facts from Florida." which 
will meet a demand for information concerning 
that State, which is widely extended. The re¬ 
port on the Introduction of the Jute Plant, 
foreshadows its ultimate success as a fiber plant 
in this country. Elaborate Dairy statistics aro 
given ; also an elaborate report upon the Wools 
of the United States. There is a report on 
(with illustrations of» the Agricultural Patents 
of 1871. 
A report is made, in brief, upon the legal re¬ 
quirements of each State in regard to weights 
and measures. It, together with the tables of 
legal weights and measures in the respective 
States is valuable for reference. “Current Facts 
in Agriculture,” “ Decent Farm Experiments," 
include much compiled information. An elabo¬ 
rate article on “Practical Irrigation in Colora¬ 
do," and also on “Irrigation Systems In Different 
Countries, are timely; to it we refer our readers 
who have made recent Inquiries on this subject. 
The space devoted to the “ Relations of the Cen¬ 
tennial of American Independence to Agricul¬ 
ture," could have been better occupied. The 
paper on the Progress of Industrial Education is 
valuable- (Die Digest of State Reports is very 
well done, and is a compendium of many Impor¬ 
tant Facts ami farm practices. There are also 
notices of Current Rural Publications, a paper 
upon the Agricultural Topography and Re¬ 
sources of Montana Territory, the Relations of 
Agriculture to Other Industries, Moile’s Earth 
Closet System, Statistics of Fences in the United 
States, and a Catalogue of Donations to (he 
Museum. As a whole, the Report is creditable 
to the Department. 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES 
Agricultural Colleges in Canada. The Lon¬ 
don,Out., Farmer's Advocate says there are two 
Agricultural Colleges i n Lower Canada main¬ 
tained at Government expense; that the lowest 
number of scholars in each must be ten, and it 
is with the greatest difficulty that the required 
number can bo obtained to enter the establish¬ 
ment to enable these institutions to draw Gov¬ 
ernment pay, although tuit ion Is free to scholars. 
Evidently the Lower Canadians need a revival 
upon the subject of Agricultural Education in 
Canada. At any rate, they do not seem to ap¬ 
preciate what is evident they are taxed to pay. 
What Advertising Docs. — The following 
French story is told ; wo do not publish it for 
the sake of inducing men to get rich by adver¬ 
tising worthless articles, but to enforce the 
axiom that if one has a good Ihing to sell he 
may profit by advertising it. Here is the story: 
Milaud. the banker and newspaper speculator, 
who died a little while buck in Paris, and who 
founded the Paris Petit Jrnirunl. which atone 
time hud a dally eirculatlou of nearly half a 
million copies, was an enthusiastic believer in 
the ad vantages of libera) advertising. One day 
he hail al hi- table nearly all the proprietors of 
the leading Paris dallies. They con versed about, 
advertising. Milaud asserted that, the most 
worthless art icles could be sold in vast quanti¬ 
ties. if liberally advertised. Kmlie cte Girardin, 
of Lo Presse, who was present, took issue with 
him on the subject, “what will you bet,’'ex¬ 
claimed Miluud, “that I cannot sell in one week 
one hundred thousand franca' worth of the most 
common cabbage seed under t he pretext, that it 
will produce inittninnlh cabbage heads? All I 
have to do is to advertise at once In a whole- 
page insertion of the daily paper- of this city 
Girardin replied that he would give him a page 
in his paper tor nothing if he should win hi- 
wager. The Other newspaper publishers agreed 
to do tile siiine thing. At the expiration of the 
week they inquired of Milaud how the cabbage 
seed had flourished. Ho showed t hem his books 
triumphantly, anil satisfied thorn that he had 
sold nearly twice a- much as he had promised, 
while orders were still pouring in; hut he said 
the Joke must slop there, and no further orders 
would be filled. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
Conducting Editor and Eublislier 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER 
A«eooiate Editors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D., Cortland Village, N. Y. 
Editor or tho I>*r*KTM»NT or Sn x KF* HIKJS, - PHY, 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M.. Little Falls, N. Y., 
Editor of run Dkcartwfnt of Dairy Hcsbahdry. 
Col. S. D. HARRIS, Cleveland, Ohio, 
CotKtt^ONniNO Editor, 
Fishennnn’s Luck. YV. S. Hickox of Mans¬ 
field, Ohio, is a new member of the Slate Board 
of Agriculture, through whose energetic advo¬ 
cacy the State Fair was located at that place 
this year. Having got all things in course of 
operation for the Fair, Mr. Hickox took a trip 
to Lake Superior for a little fun and fishing, 
and, while tipping the rod and tlyat Fort Gra¬ 
tiot. slipped on a rock and broke Ids leg. The. 
Ohio State Fair is to come off the first, week in 
September, and the loss of Mr. Ko ko v's active 
services will be severely felt. 
PUBLICATION OFFICES: 
No 5 Beekman Street, New York City, and No. 82 
Buffalo Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
WESTERN BRANCH OFFICE: 
No. 75 North Side of Park, Cleveland, Ohio. 
Perfioiinl. —Our Ohio associate, Col. Harris, 
having completed his Summer sojourn in New 
York, returns lo his post in Cleveland this week, 
to enter upon the Fall Campaign among the 
Fairs of that State, commencing at the Ohio 
State Fair next week, the Northern Ohio Fair at 
Cleveland, Hie week following, and in other 
principal places until the season is over. Look 
out for the Ilnnnerof the Rural New- Yorker. 
and give the old Agricultural Missionary a 
friendly greeting wherever you see him. 
TERMS, IN ADVANCE: 
Subscription. — Single Copy, $2.50 per Year. To 
Clubs:—Five Copies, and one copy free to Agent or 
getter up Of Club, for $12.50; Seven Copies and one 
free, for $1*1; Ten Copies, and one free, $20—only $2 
per copy. A# we urn obliged to pre-pay the American 
postage on papers mailed to foreign countries, Twenty 
Cento should be added to above rates for each yearly 
copy mailed to Canada,, and One Dollar per copy to 
Europe. Drafts, Post-Office Money Orders and Regis¬ 
tered Letters may be mailed tit our risk. S 3 F~ Liberal 
Premiums to all Club Agents who do not take free 
copies. Specimen Numbers, Show-Bills, &«., sent free. 
Horticulture in Western Missouri. Late pa¬ 
pers from Western Missouri, give a stirring ac¬ 
count. of a meeting of the Jackson County 
and Missouri Valley Horticultural Societies at 
Lee’S Summit, and a visit to the extensive 
nurseries and (lower gardens of the Blair 
Bito's., at that place. Jackson Go. is on the 
west line of the State of Missouri, and to rend 
the account of the progress of horticulture in 
that region impresses one with pn idea of the 
vast energy wliich lias pushed its conquests in 
that direction. The grounds of Blair ,Y Bro.’h 
comprise nearly four hundred acres, nearly all 
under cultivation, and to take an account of 
the stock of nursery stuff, takes one into the 
millions. As one evidence llmf these gentlemen 
understand their business, they advertise in the 
Rural Neyv-Yorker 
Premium Lists Received.— Of the North Mis¬ 
souri Ag. and Much. AssTi, Hannibal, Mo.; Fair 
Sept. 23 28 Of tho Illackhawk Co., Iowa, Ag. 
6oc. ; Fair ill Waterloo, Oct, 13_Of the Car- 
roll Co., Mil., Ag. Soe.; Fair at Westminster, Oct. 
I 5 Of the YY’Lsoonsin State Ag. Soe.; Fair at 
Milwaukee, Sept. 23-27 .Of the Trumbull Co., 
O., Ag. Soc.; Fair at Oak Grove, Warren, O., 
Sept. 17-IB ...Of Aurora, ill., .\g. and Hort. 
Hoc.: Fair at Aurora, Sept. 9-13_Of Delaware 
Co., N. V., Ag. Stic.; Fair at Delhi, Sept. 17-11) 
• Of St. Louis Ag. and Mceh. Aas’n; Fair at. 
St, Louis, Oct.3 12 ..Of the Fair of IheCaro- 
llnas, at Charlotte, N. C., (a t. 22-2*1 . .Of Steu¬ 
ben Co., N. Y„ Ag. Soc.; Fair at Bath, Sept, 2.1-27 
Of Sangcrfiold and Marshall Ag. Sue.; Fair 
at Waterville, N. V., Sept. 10 20 of Central O. 
Fair at Meohaniesburg, O., Sept. 17-20 Of the 
Vigo, Ind., Ag. Soc.: Fair at Terre Haute, Sept. 
17 21 Of the Itir>un, WJs., Ag. Ass’ll; Fair at 
Ilipon, Sept. 17 19. 
ADVERTISING RATES. 
Inside, UUiiind 15th png©* (Agate space),.We. per line. 
“ 0t.li. 7th, and IS pages...LUO “ 
Outside or last page. .l.'itj “ 
Fifty percent, extra for /ntisuul display. 
Special Notices, leaded, ' y count).2.00 " 
Business " 2.50 " 
Reuding “ 3,00 « 
3 if* No advertisement inserted for loss than $3. 
RULES FOR VOTERS 
A CORRESPONDENT writes“ What rules for 
voters cat) you commend? Should I vote for a 
man nominated by a party with whose princi¬ 
ples and policy I generally .sympathize, when 1 
have no faith whatever in him?” YYV do not 
know t ho political affiliations of the gentleman 
asking the above questions; but, we will answer 
them according to our best. Judgment. 
1. In Regard to Presidential ('amlUlatejs:— Fix, 
definitely, upon the principles you desire pro¬ 
moted and perpetuated, nod what line of public 
policy you regard safest and wisest for the Yvhole 
country. Vote for the man Yvhom you believe 
most nearly represents such principles and poli¬ 
cy, and will most surely sustain and enforce 
both. 
2. In Regard to Congressional Ca ndidate*: -You 
must consider both the principles and public 
policy you desire sustained by Go ogress In mak¬ 
ing your selection of a candidate: you should 
also consider the breadth and comprehensive¬ 
ness of the man’s character whom you send to 
Congress—tho consistency and probity of his 
life, the Yvisdom of his action, the motives 
which impel him to become a candidate, the 
amount of his sympathy with and strength of his 
fealty to the local interests of his immediate 
constituents. He should be a man capable of 
comprehending the relations of his oyvii con¬ 
stituency to Hie whole country, and of subor¬ 
dinating, on occasion, all local interests to the 
public interests, even at the risk of being mis¬ 
understood by Ihe narrow-minded and selfish. 
3. In Regard to Gubernatorial Candidates, the 
same rule applies as in tho case of the Presiden¬ 
tial Candidates except that the general inter¬ 
ests of the Slate are especially to be considered. 
The Governor should be familiar with the polit¬ 
ical, industrial, and commercial history of the 
State; with its laws, its public institutions, and 
with the working relations of the ports to the 
whole. He ought never to bo selected or elected 
with a view to the promotion of me rely partisan 
interests and purposes—a very difficult element 
to root out of elections, we grant. He should 
fully comprehend the relations of the State to 
the General Government and to sister States, as 
individuals. He is a sort of watchman on the 
walls, upon the boundaries of these separate or¬ 
ganizations; and he needs to be both vigilant 
and wise. 
•1. In Regard to State Legislators— Never vote for 
a man who is not fully identified with the busi¬ 
ness interests of your locality. Do not consent 
that, a mere politician—a man who gets a lit lug 
by politics—shall represent you. Select legis¬ 
lators as you would select business agents; that 
is till they aro. Let them have clear heads, well 
balanced, practical, business minds; and let 
them represent, in their profession or pursuit, 
the business majority of the distric t from which 
they arc Bent; i. t, if the majority are farmers, 
let the legislator be a farmer; if merchants, a 
merchant ; if manufacturers, a manufacturer. 
We repeat: Never vote for a man as your 
representative in Congress, or in the State Leg¬ 
islature, Yvho has no other vocation than that 
of a politician, and no other mode of making a 
living than by politics. It does not matter to 
which party such barnacles attach themselves, 
they are leeches on the people, and should not 
be supported by the Y r otes nor the money of 
the people. They are the curse of our Govern- 
men, the repro rctb tipon our political system, 
and a vicious element in the body politic. Do 
not vote for such a man, on any platform. 
\n Englinli Text Case n» to Lnborcm’ Time 
was recently tried iti Berkshire, England. The 
241 ii of June a farmer had a good deal of hay 
down and thirty men at work. At 9J4 o’clock at 
night there remained an hour and a-halfs work 
lo Ire done in order losecure the hay. A portion 
of the workmen refused to work longer, unless 
paid extra for it. This was refused, the hay yvus 
not secured, a rain came on. the fitly wins dam¬ 
aged, and the farmer sued two laborers w horn 
he was paying by the week, to recover. The 
magistrates decided that the defendants were 
not (round by their contract, to go on with the 
work at that time of night, and the case was dis¬ 
missed. \Ye should think so! 
SATURDAY, AUG. 31, 1872, 
OPENING OF THE FAIR SEASON 
Tire New Hampshire Ag. College at Han¬ 
over has been in operation five years; has, it is 
asserted, tho best balls, lecture and cabinet 
rooms of any institution in tbe State ; a farm of 
OY'er hit) acres under good cultivation, affording 
opportunity for practical education and com¬ 
pensation for I he labor of students. The term 
and the college year- commence Sept. 1. 
On the first Yveelc in September the Agricul- 
tural Fairs will open in earnest. A few Local 
Faira are open this week, but a majority of 
thorn will not open until two or three Yveeks 
later. Of the larger exhibitions, Ohio leads 
off with her State Fair the first week in Sep¬ 
tember, on the neYV and beautifully shaded 
grounds at Mansfield, which arc the admiration 
of all who have seen them. At the same time 
will open the great Exposition of the American 
Institute in New York City, the still greater 
SIioyv of the Cincinnati Industrial Exposition, 
and the now venture of the LouiSY ille Exposi¬ 
tion Co., in Kentucky: these last remain open 
unt il October. Also, on tbe same week, will be 
hold tire Fab 1 of the New England States, at 
Lowell, Mass. 
After these, follow the large and small State, 
District, County and Local Fairs, all oY r er the 
country, and the people will be trooping In hot 
and happy haste to look upon the good things 
of the land, and to have a right sociable time 
with each olher. Wo hope that all will make 
tho best use of these opportunities, to learn the 
lessons Of industrial progress and economy in 
these open schools of t he people. 
On the second page of the Rural Nkyv- 
Yorkkr. for this week, we give a very full 
table of the names, and toe times and places of 
holding Fairs in all purts of our wide rural do¬ 
main on this continent, by which will be seen 
io lrow many places and at wlrat times will 
occur lire music-rings of the mighty hosts which 
go to make up the Grand Army of Industry in 
in our land! YYc bid you ail hall! 
Time is Money mid Money I* Cnxli ! -Straight, 
lines of travel and rapid transit are the order of 
the day! Time was when men went to Chicago 
by way of the Straits of Mackinac; but now the 
railroad which expects to do the trans-conti¬ 
nental business must bore its way in a right 
line. That is just what ihe great Canada 
Southern and Chicago Railroad is doing, 
and to finish up its great line noYV offers the last 
five million dollars of seven per cent. Gold 
Bonds, through Leonard, Sum ,don a Foster, 
Bankers, No. lo YVull St., N. Y„ and Winston, 
Lanier & Go., of No 27 Fine St., N. Y. See 
tlrcir announcement in advertising department. 
Refrigerator ('nr*.—There aro now in daily 
use on the Michigan Central railroad, fifty-one 
cars fitted up expressly for carrying butter, 
beef and eggs from Chicago to Boston and New 
Y ork. An average of four of these loaded cars 
start East eac h day, and arc inspected and re¬ 
iced at Detroit before they go further. Each car 
consumes four tons of ice on the trip. 
RURAL BREVITIES, 
A Romance of Floriilu. In the* Rural Neyv- 
Yorkkr of September, 1871, was a serial story 
ol' “ Life and Love in the Land of Flowers.” 
The publication of this story brought us a host 
of letters making inquiry as to the actual truth 
Of the narrative, and calling for the address of 
the writer. The story was a romance,and prob¬ 
ably embraced more fancy than fact. The au¬ 
thor of it is not at present u resident of Florida. 
Will our numerous correspondents accepCthis 
note as a reply to their anxious inquiries? All 
earthly paradises have their draYvbaeks. 
F. W. Mauson : YYV do not. know any work of 
the kind you name. 
The foot and mouth disease has appeared 
among the herds of Australia. 
A FARMERS’ Convention is called at Cedar 
Rapids, Iowa, at the time of the State Fair. 
The Texan cattle fever has appeared among 
the herds in Morgan Co.. Ill., and Is causing 
much alarm, 
The BRIGHT Side, a Chicago monthly juvenile 
paper, is to be published weekly in future, at 
51.30 a year. 
Thomas Stayner is informed that we know 
nothing whutover of the instrument to which he 
alludes, nor where it earr be procured. 
W e call tho attention of vineyardists to the re¬ 
port upon tbe grape crop, in another column, 
and solicit reports from other localities. 
The Wisconsin State Agricultural Society has 
“Resolved that, hereafter, all games of chance 
of any kind, even those apparently harmless, 
be excluded from tbe fair grounds." 
The Recent Auroral Display not only at¬ 
tracted much attention, but has caused much 
comment; and a Rural correspondent asks it 
“ its cause Is refraction, or what." Of course it 
isnot known, beyoud question, what the cause is; 
but it is believed by the majority of scientists to 
have a magnetic or electric origin. Mr. C’ullev, 
a distinguished English telegrapher regards it as 
n kind of lightning, differing from ordinary 
lightning in being a gentle and gradual tlow in¬ 
stead of a violent and sudden discharge. There 
is little doubt of its electric or magnetic nature 
beat use ol' the manner in Yvhich its presence af¬ 
fects electrical instruments and tho magnet. 
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RE 
PORT FOR 1871. 
This Report has been received. The Report 
of t he Commissioner of Agriculture to Congress 
has heretofore been commented upon. The 
tables of the Statistician arc worthy of more 
careful examination and more space than 
we can now give them. The report of the En¬ 
tomologist is largely devoted to reiterating 
wlial tras already been repeatedly published 
concer ning the extent of the ravages of insects 
upon farm crops and t he loss to farmers there¬ 
by. What is said in lire report concerning the 
Twig Girdler, Oncktaren cingnlntus. Say., j* good 
so far ns it goes, but betrays a very incomplete 
knowledge of the work of this insect, of which 
we shall have something to say in a week or 
two. But, as a whole. Yve congratulate the En¬ 
tomologist upon the improved character of his 
report ns compared with those upon which we 
ha\ r e had occasion to comment heretofore. It 
is altogether more creditable. 
The report of the Chemist is also an Im¬ 
provement on previous reports from that dhis- 
ion of tire Department. The report of the Su- 
PUBLISHERS SPECIAL NOTICES 
Now Is the Time to Form Clubs for Vol. 
XXVI., which ©ounuanoed July 6tb. Clubs tor the 
volume maybe made up at half the rutea per year, 
and Free Copies ur Premiums allowed in proportion. 
Clubs for either a volume (six months) or year are in 
order,—or part, may be for six months aud part for a 
year. Club papers sent to different offices, if desired. 
Little mid Sweet, There was a marriage in 
Springfield, Ohio, on the7th of August, in Yvhiclr 
the principals were “The Little Bee Man," Col. 
Joseph Lekfel, who is 45 inches high, weighs 
55 lbs., and is 38 years of age: and Miss Evaline 
Beasley, who is 51 inches high, weighs 75 lbs., 
and is 23 years of age. 
The Rural New-Vorker is sold by Nows Deal¬ 
ers generally throughout the United States and 
Canada at Six Cents. The Trade is supplied by the 
American News Co.. 119-121 Nassau St.. New York. 
The Foot-and-Mouth Disease among cattle, 
sheep and swino in England does not abate, but 
from last accounts seems to be on the increase, 
both as to the number of animals attacked, and 
in r espect to virulence. Pieuro-pneumonia has 
also appeared in localities, and seems to be stead¬ 
ily spreading. 
BUSINESS NOTICES 
THE WAKEFIELD EARTH CLOSET. 
Get Descriptive Pamphlet at 86 Dey St., New York, 
