Wing Bars— Greater and lesser wins: coverts 
rich clear golden bay, free from lacing, each 
feather ending with a large, round, rich, green- 
black spangle, forming two distinct parallel 
green-black bars across the wings. 
irinp Trimaria — Golden bay, each feather 
ending with a black spangle. 
Wing Scenariork #—Golden bay, each feather 
ending with a rich green-blaok half moon or 
orescent-shaped spangle, termed by the Lanca¬ 
shire fanciers, ••lacingon the top of the wing 
above the flight.’* 
Tail —ulack. 
Tail Ctwerbt— Golden bay, free from mossing 
or lacing, each feather ending with a rich 
green-black spanglo. 
Leys—Slaty blue. 
Hens in a pen to match as nearly as possible 
in size of markings and depth of oolor. 
barn-yard, where they are trampled into 
the manure thrown from the stables. To a 
Western man who knows nothing of the 
value of manure, or of the inconvenience 
of poor land, gathering leaves for manure 
may seem to be a waste of time; but in 
localities where a good two-horse wagon 
load of manure is worth three to five dol¬ 
lars, one cannot afford to allow leaves to 
waste. Leaves make a most excellent ma¬ 
nure, and I find that my deposits of this 
kind made in my barn-yard pay me a good 
interest on cost. It is by saving such ma¬ 
terials, allowing nothing to go to waste, al¬ 
ways having some work laid out for the 
men to do in all kinds of weather, that we 
arc enabled t.o make a living on land that 
costs three to fire hundred dollars per acre. 
It Is all in management whether a man 
makes money or loses it in farming. The 
ready for transplanting into hedge or nur¬ 
sery rows the following Spring. This may 
seem to be a tedious process, and rather a 
slow method of obtaining plants suitable 
for a hedge; but it. is much more rapid than 
raising them from seed, and far more cer¬ 
tain than it would be to try and make a 
hedge with plants direct from the woods 
without such preparations. If a man can 
afford to purchase good, strong grown 
plants, ho will save two or more years in 
time. 
Planting tho Hedge.—Whether the 
soil upon wbico tho hedge Is to be grown 
requires trenching, manuring, or other 
special preparations or not, depends upon 
circumstances of which the planter himself 
should be the best judge. The soil where 
I planted my hedge being a light, poor sand, 
I had a trench dug four feet wide and two 
DAILY BUBAL LIFE 
FROM THE DIARY OF A QENTLEMAK HEAR HEW YORK CITY, 
Hemlock Hedges. — Oct. 2i. I have 
just received the following letter, with a 
request that I should answer it in my 
“Diary:” 
Dear Sin:—I wish to plant a hedge of 
our native Hemlock. The Hoil is gravel, 
and rather stony. Should a ditch be dug, 
and filled wit h soil more congenial to the 
Hemlock? What, size of bush, and when 
best, Spring or FallV Any other informa¬ 
tion you may choose to give, will be thank¬ 
fully received.—J. L*i PoulVney, 1 t. 
Our native Hemlock is a difficult tree to 
transplant from the woods and fields, and 
make live. Still, millions are annually re¬ 
moved from thuir native localities to others 
less congenial, and a portion of 
Fearing that the in- 
GBEEN FOOD FOB FOWLS 
Mr. Wright, in his book on poultry, thus 
talks of the importance of green food to 
poultry that is confined:—“The last re¬ 
quisite in the shape of diet is a regular sup¬ 
ply of green food. Here, again, fowls kept 
on grass will need no attention; but for 
birds penned up, the daily provision of it 
is an absolute necessity, though most be¬ 
ginners are ignorant of it. We well remem¬ 
ber, in our own early experiences, how our 
fowls died, we could not, at first, tell why; 
and one line Buff Cochin cock, whose only 
fault was a strong vulture hock, was in 
particular greatly regretted. An experi¬ 
enced friend let us into the secret, and after 
that we had no difficulty in keeping fowls, 
even where it Is often said they cannot be 
kept in health—viz., in a yard paved with 
large flag stones. The best substitute for 
natural grass is a large, fresh turf, thrown 
in daily, to each four or fiveheus; and even 
in towns it Is often possible to procure this, 
by giving children a few pence every week 
to keep up a regular supply. Where turf 
is not allowed to be taken, grass may be 
cut or pulled, but in this case must be cut 
into green chaff with shears or a chaff ma¬ 
chine. Tho latter plan is how wo actually 
managed for years, in a yard only sixty- 
seven by thirty-live feet, divided Into six 
pens; paying some child a few pence to 
bring fresh-cut grass daily, cutting it up 
and mixiug it with their soft meat.” 
more or 
them made to grow. 
dmtrlal agent of the Kaunas Pacific Bail- 
road may think that 1 am attempting to 
tell something new to Western men, as he 
thought I did in relating my treatment of 
Tulip trees, 1 will deny the aocusation be¬ 
fore it is made, and state that my method 
of handling Hemlock seedlings from the 
woods is very similar to, if not identical 
with, that of all good nurserymen. And 
further, in the way of showing that niv 
practice accords with my preaching, I will 
state that 1 have a Hemlock hedge eight 
years planted, that will compare favorably 
with any living “ wall of green ” of its age 
to be found in Kansas or out of it. 
In Spring, as soon as the frost is fairly 
out of the ground, go to the woods—hut 
the open fields are best, if seedlings can be 
found there—and pull up the small seed¬ 
lings; those from six to twelve inches high 
are usually the best and safest to transplant. 
As soon as pulled up pack m boxes or in¬ 
to a wagon, being careful to protect the 
roots from the sun and wind, either with 
a little soil or damp moss. If they are to 
be transported a considerable distance, 
pack in boxes with moss. 1 do not wish to 
be understood as recommending the pull¬ 
ing of plants in preference to digging; but 
it can be done more rapidly, and if done 
in early Spring, while the soil is full of 
water, the roots of small seedlings will not 
be injured by the operation. Larger plants 
may be selected — say those of two or more 
feet high—and then cut back to one foot or 
a little more. If any of the smaller sized 
plants are tall and slender, shorten the 
leaders by taking several in the hand at a 
time and cut them off with one stroke of 
the knife or shears. To make good plants 
the branoheB should spring from near the 
ground, and pruning at the time of their 
first removal is often as beneficial as after¬ 
wards. The soil into which these seedlings 
are to be planted should be made deep and 
friable, bnt no fresh manure should bo add¬ 
ed. Plant tho seedlings close together in 
rows; if the side branches touch all the 
better, and the rows need to be no further 
apart than will admit of a man walking 
between. Tread the soil firmly about tho 
roots of each plant as it is put in ; and, after 
all are planted, erect some kind of screen 
that will partially shade the plants through¬ 
out the entire day. I have had very good 
success by scattering hay thinly over the 
entire plants, and the ruins during the 
lXGLKD HAMBURG'S. 
locality or the price paid for the land has 
really little to do in the matter, beoause a 
thing usually sells for what it is worth 
whether it be a farm or a paper of pins. 
POULTBY NOTES AND QUEBIES 
over the adjoining surface. This trench 
was then filled with good, rich soil, taken 
from the woods and an old pasture. The 
plants have made a most vigorous growth, 
and last Winter, when nearly every ever¬ 
green hedge in my neighborhood was either 
partially or entirely killed, mine escaped 
unharmed, although fully exposed to the 
cold winds. I think the deep soil had 
sometbingtodo with its escape from injury. 
In setting out the hedge, place the plants 
eighteen inches to two feet apart, accord¬ 
ing to size. If they are large, nursery-grown 
plants, more room may be given. To make 
the hedge compact and required 
shape, use the hedge shears at least once a 
year. I usually shear mine in Spring, and 
then again in August, but once shearing 
will answer very well for the hemlock, 
which, to my eye, is the best ornamental 
bedge plant known. 
The Wild Sand or Beach PInm.—Oct. 
;>8.—All along the Atlantic coast from New 
England to Florida, may be found dwarf 
species of plum known as the sand or beach 
plum, (Primus nmrltlmu.) It can scarcely 
be called a tree; but in some localities it is 
quite a large shrub, very hardy and most 
prolific. The fruit is small, round, of a 
purplish color, sweet hut not rich flavored. 
1 have been told many times that this plum 
would not sueoeed under cultivation, or 
anywhere except in sandy 6oils near salt 
water. But always doubting assertions 
which no one appears to have verified, I 
obtained some plants of this beach plum 
several years ago, and set them in my gar¬ 
den where they have not only made a vig¬ 
orous growth, but annually produced a full 
crop of fruit. Judging from my own ex¬ 
perience with this species of plum, it would 
make a most excellent stock for dwarfing 
the stronger-growing species and varieties, 
and by hybridization a new and valuable 
race of this fruit might be produced. Our 
scientific horticulturists, who have been 
so successful in producing hybrid grapes, 
might find here a new field in which to ex¬ 
ercise this skill to some purpose. 
Leaves for Compost.—Oct. 29.—A light 
rain last night made the ground too wet to 
work readily this morning, but put the 
fallen leaves in splendid condition for 
handling, and I embraced the opportunity 
for cleaning up the littered lawn. Every 
fall I gather from ten to twenty two-horse 
wagon loads of leaves that fall from the 
large trees about my place. These leaves, 
with as many more as I can get time to 
gather from the woods, are spread over my 
GOLDEN-SPANGLED HAMBUBGS 
grown. When tney return in inn piumage 
they are safe. It is often the work of one 
hen, and if she is removed the nuisance 
ceases. We believe the habit becomes a 
second nature, and the oannibal becomes a 
fowl eater. We should not, therefore, ever 
allow the peccant hen to return to the walk. 
We have found benefit only from one treat¬ 
ment, which is a copious supply of lettuces, 
especially if they are going to seed. The 
best treatment for the bare spots is to rub 
them often and freely with sulphur oint¬ 
ment.” 
What Ailn my Chickens ? — 1 have 
Black Spanish fowls. Since last Winter 
they have beeu troubled with sore eyes. 
The soreness on the eye forms into yellow 
matter. It does not stop until the eye is 
gone. Sometimes It will take both eyes. 
This matter has a very bad smell. The dis¬ 
ease don’t affect all of them, but I lose 
about one or two of them in a month. My 
ben house is 14x20 feet. I have got a stove 
in it, and on cold days last Winter I kept 
fire. I kept last Winter fifty fowls. If the 
Rural New-Yorker or any of its readers 
can tell me the cause and a remedy for this 
trouble, it would very much oblige.— F. J. 
W., Adrian , Mich. 
To (ret Plenty of Fresh Eggs, a poult¬ 
erer recommends feeding a mixture com¬ 
posed of five parts of bran to one of mid¬ 
dlings—wetting up about four quarts in the 
rooming in a large tin pun, taking pains t<> 
have it rather dry, though all damp, •lust 
enough is mixed for the fowls to last the 
day through, it standing accessible to them 
all the while. Just before sundown a light 
feed of corn is given, and eggs are abundant. 
Chicken Cholera. — A correspondent 
asks us to give a remedy we know to be ef¬ 
fective. We have had no experience with 
the disease, and, therefore, do not , HTIOW 
what is effective; but on page 4.1, RURAL 
New-Yorker, July 20, we gave a remedy 
DV W. H. Fevor, Mecbamcstowu, Mil., 
which he says proved of great service in his 
neighborhood. Our correspondent is re- 
tances upon which nan. or laaven in any 
other manner, strong poles, upon which 
place evergreen boughs from larger ever¬ 
greens. The screen may bo high enough 
above ground to admit of a man walking 
under it; in that case it must bo made 
quite strong or it will be blown away by 
the wind. 1 usually place tho screen only a 
few inches above the plants and not so 
thick us to entirely exclude the plant from 
light but only sufficient to give them par¬ 
tial shade. 
This shading the plants the firrt season is 
quite important, or, I might say, almost 
indispensable to success. If the weather 
should be dry, apply water sufficient to 
keep the soil moist. Allow the screen to 
remain over the plants until the next 
Spring, but it will not be necessary to re¬ 
new it with fresh boughs as the leaves drop 
off towards Autumn, because the plants 
that have lived until that time will be able 
to withstand the sunlight without injury. 
Keep all weeds down the second season, and 
by Fall the plants will be well rooted and 
