MOV. 30 
ORE’S 
SALMON TROUT CULTURE. 
Geo. G. Cooper, Esq., of the Rochester 
Union and Advertiser— who is one of the 
Fish Oom mlssiouers of tins State, and there¬ 
fore well advised—gives the following in¬ 
teresting data concerning the operations 
and progress of Sktii Green in stocking the 
inland waters of New York with Salmon 
Trout: 
Notice has been made from time to time 
the present Fall of the operations of Sktii 
Green, Superintendent of Fisheries, in tak¬ 
ing Salmon Trout from the waters of Lake 
Ontario for the stocking of the waters of 
this State. Mr. Green engaged in the work 
this season with a purpose to procure a 
very largo stock of the ova of t his excellent 
fish, and we are pleased to state that ho has 
been successful. In the latter part of Sep¬ 
tember he repaired to the islands near the 
Canada shore of Lake Ontario aud pruspeot- 
od there on the Salmon Trout grounds, with 
a view to begin extensive operations as *Con 
as tbo spawning season should begin, which 
is about the 15th of Ootober. Unapplied to 
the ilsh authorities or the Dominion and 
they promised him nil the assistance he 
might require. They sent out orders to all 
the iisli wardens on the ooast to see the 
lioensod fishermen in their respective dis¬ 
tricts and direct them to aid Mr. Green in 
his undertaking. This order was willingly 
complied with and both wardens and lish- 
ermen have been very kind and obliging 
through the entire season. To Peter K iel, 
fish warden on Wolf Island, Mr. G. acknowl¬ 
edges his indebtedness for many favors. Mr. 
Green located two depots from which he 
would operate, one at Presque Isle, directly 
across the Lake from Rochester; the other 
at Cape Vincent. He then stationed gangs 
of men at several fishing stations on certain 
islands, who were to go out in the Ashing 
boats to Lhe nets and manipulate the Ash. 
Wolf island, a few miles from Kingston, 
was one prominent place for operating. The 
process of obtaining the ova is about as fol¬ 
lows The nets in which the Asb are cap¬ 
tured are looated from one to ten miles from 
shore. They are visited daily by the Ashing 
boats. When the nets are taken up Mr. 
GREEN and his men eclcot from the Ash such 
as are ripe for manipulation. Tho spawn 
are put into pails in the boats, and proper¬ 
ly treated. The water In the pails is changed 
often, aud the utmost care taken to pre¬ 
serve the ova. This is done sometimes when 
the sea is running high aud the little Ashing 
crafts are pounded by tho waves. When 
the boat goes to shore, the ova in pails is 
transferred to a sail boat or tender, which 
conveys thorn to Cape Vincent. They are 
then placed in tho shad hatching-boxes and 
put into tho St, Lawrence to remain a day 
or two, until a sufficient quantity has been 
obtained to make It an object to remove 
them to tho State Hatching House at Cale¬ 
donia. In this way' the work is carried on 
at different points on the Lake. From 
Presque Isle the spawn is brought across by 
steamer to Rochester. From Cape Vincent 
it comes by rail. In both oases the spawn 
are put in large tin cans and attended by an 
experienced mau, who watches olosely tho 
temperature aud condition of the water and 
changes it as circumstances demand. The 
slightest neglect might result in the loss of 
all the ova in a can. 
It will be understood that Mr. Green 
makes contracts with the owners of nets 
and boats that he may go out with them, or 
Bend his men, aud take the spawn. lie has 
nothing to do with the fish which are taken 
into the markets and sold by the Ashermeu. 
The weather lias been quite Btormy this 
season, but the catch has been good, and all 
the ripe Ash have been taken that could 
well be manipulated. Each female Ash pro¬ 
duces about five thousand eggs and the 
raisiug of a net will often bring thirty such. 
The season for spawning closed this year 
about the 10th (Nov.), and at that date Mr. 
Green had taken all that he could develop 
with his facilities this Winter. He esti¬ 
mates the number of eggs he has now in 
hand at three millions* These eggs are 
now safely deposited in the State Hatching 
House on the beautiful Spring Creek in 
Caledonia, eighteen miles from Rochester. 
The process of developing Ash ut the 
State establishment has been often ex¬ 
plained, but we will briefly note the oourse 
that will be taken with tins Salmon Trout 
crop just harvested. The ova. as fast as 
they arrive at the house, are deposited in 
the batching troughs, which are long boxes 
in which is gravel, over which the clear 
spring water 1 b constantly Aowing. The 
progress of tho work of development is 
closely watched by experienced meu for 
weeks, until it is complete. It requires 
about seventy days in water at a tempera¬ 
ture of 45 degrees to bring out the Ash. In 
about forty days after the Ash appears he 
will have attained sufficient size to take his 
place in the lakes of this State and take 
given by filling the tubes with mold and 
planting ferns and other suitable plants 
therein. These frames, says the Mechan¬ 
ics’ Magazine, are useful and ornamental 
as garden accessories, ai.nl are well adapted 
for every description of flowers, vegeta¬ 
bles or fruit, or as foroing pits and frames 
when placed on sunk brickwork or heated 
by a system of pipes with hot air or water. 
Earthenware Hot 
<jive of himself. All through the period 
from the instant tiro egg leaves tho parent 
tish till the young fish is set at liberty, the 
process is watched with the utmost care, 
that it may be successful. Mr. Green has 
studied this process so thoroughly that he 
rarely fails of success. IIo will turn into 
the waters of the State this Winter three 
millions of excellent Salmon Trout as tho 
result of his operations in respect to a sin¬ 
gle variety of fish. What he is doing in 
relation to other varieties must be left for 
notice at another time. 
EARTHENWARE HOT-BED FRAMES. 
Tins is a cheap and effective combination 
of glass and earthenware for horticultural 
purposes, wherein is obtained complete 
facility for perfect ventilation, without re- 
Fkhjue 1. 
moval of the glass, or risk of fracture. The 
sides of the frame (Fig. 1) are formed of 
chairs or slabs of terra cotta or earthen¬ 
ware, somewhat of an L seotion, with a re¬ 
cess at tho top to receive the glass, set side 
by side, and in pairs at suitable distances 
apart. At intervals, angle pieces, doweled 
at tho ends and securely fixed to the chair 
tiles, support a light double wooden ridge, 
the opening in which thus admits of venti¬ 
lation, throughout the length of the frame; 
being also closely fitted with bevel-ended 
earthenware caps, auy ono or all of which 
are readily removed and replaced, Thus 
not only is there adequate provision for 
easy ventilation, but on the removal of tho 
cap, any ono or more of tho glass sheets 
can bo removed to permit the plants to be 
■-Bed Frame Fia. 3. 
The same principles, on a smaller soale, 
are applied in the cover, (Fig. 3), made of 
red earthenware with eloping glass oovers. 
The propagating box (Fig. 4) is made of tho 
same material. These improvements are 
the designs of BENJAMIN Looker, and were 
lately exhibited at the Horticultural Exhi¬ 
bition, Birmingham, England. 
■ » - 
NOTES FOR BUILDERS. 
Plaster a Protection from Fire.—Af¬ 
ter the conflagration iu Paris, it was gener¬ 
ally found that with good plaster workover 
them, beams and columns of wood were en¬ 
tirely protected from the fire. In cases 
where limestone walls had been utterly 
ruined on the outside by tho flames passing 
through the window openings, the same 
walls, internally, escaped almost unscathed, 
owing to their being coated with plaster. 
On many such plastered walls tho distem¬ 
per decorations were still to bo made out. 
The iron roofs rendered good service, aud 
the party walls of each house woro carried 
Earthenware Hot-Bed Frame—Fig. 4. 
watered. The ends of the frames are closed 
by means of half round hollow earthen¬ 
ware tubes (Fig. 2) of varying lengths, ar¬ 
ranged so as to form a kind of gable end, 
to which an ornamental appearance oau be 
POMOLOGICAL G08SIP. 
Matilda 9trawberi*y.— Charles Down¬ 
ing writes the Horticulturist as follows: 
In the June number of your paper you 
speuk unfavorably of the Matilda Straw¬ 
berry, which originated with O. J. TlLLBOX, 
of Highland, N. Y. You also quote A. S. 
Fuller as saying that “it is splendid in 
every reapeot except quality." Having vis¬ 
ited Mr. Tillson’8 grounds when tho fruit 
was Iu perfection, 1 had a good opportunity 
to examine them, and differ with Mr. Ful¬ 
ler and yourself as to quality. To my tasto 
they are of tho class very good or the best, 
and oomparo very favorably with the newer 
varieties, euoh as Seth Boyden, President 
Wilder, ('has. Downing, etc., and being 
large, productive, good color and quite firm, 
they promise well at least. At my request 
Mr. Tillson has furnished me with a state¬ 
ment of prices as compared with the Wil¬ 
son, and taken from the commission mer¬ 
chants’ bill in New York, which please in¬ 
sert : 
Juno 8. 
“ 10 . 
Matilda, 
per qt. 
45 cts. 
Wilson, 
per qt. 
3-1 ots. 
Figure 3. 
up right through the roof—a most impor¬ 
tant precaution, for otherwise nothing oould 
have prevented the disastrous conflagration 
from being more extensive than it was. It 
was uIbo found that good wood-work iu 
beams and posts, good wood floors, well 
puggod, and good wooden staircases, were 
safer and more to bo depended upon than 
cast irou columns and stone staircases, land¬ 
ings, and floors. Stone staircases well pro¬ 
tected by plaster woro fireproof, although 
not so safe as wood in case of heavy debris 
falling upon them. 
School-House Doors in Wisconsin. 
—Tho Amerioan Builder says:—The Wis¬ 
consin Legislature did a wise thing during 
its last session In providing that all doors 
for ingress aud egress to aud from public 
You will see by this statement they aver¬ 
age a little more than one-third more per 
quart than Wilson. 
Fours Hotting at the Gove,—A oorves- 
pondcutof tho Rural New-Yorker writes 
us iu condemnation of a pear which ho says 
“ has been greatly praised, but, is worthless 
because it rots at, tho core." If he had 
read the Rural New-Yorker, carefully ho 
would have learned that mnuy varieties 
have been condemned for that reason, which 
aro nevertheless excellent aud profitable 
varieties, and aro approved by the oldest 
pear growers. The fault is nob in the pear 
but in tho grower. He does not pick such 
pears soon enough. They must never be 
allotted to ripen on the tree. 
Bush Alpine Strawberries.— We can¬ 
not inform J. E, McDonald whore ho oun 
purchase the Bush Alpine Strawberry 
plants, which were mentioned in the Rural 
New-Youkeii Oct. 20, page 200. If any of 
our strawberry growers have the plants 
for sale, we think it would pay them well 
to advertise in our columns, as we have had 
many inquiries for these plants. 
school-houses and other public buildings 
should open outwardly. It is to be hoped 
that similar action may be taken by the 
legislatures of other Scutes during the com¬ 
ing winter sessions.” 
fouliiig Hard 
POULTRY NOTES AND QUERIES. 
Gapes in Chickens.— W. B. Teoetmejer, 
a well known English writer on fowls, 
writes tho London Field:—The fatal disease 
caused by the presence of the gape worm, 
appears unusually prevalent. I have had it 
in my own runs, where it has attacked some 
Sebright bantams; but I have found no dif¬ 
ficulty in curing it by thu means of carbolic 
acid, which I first recommended for this 
purpose in Tho Field of lust year. So po¬ 
tent are the fumes of this powerful remedy, 
and so destructive are they to parasitic life, 
that their inhalation for even a few mo¬ 
ments seems perfectly effectual in destroy¬ 
ing the life of the worm. It is not eveu ne¬ 
cessary to employ any special apparatus; a 
few drops of carbolic acid may bo placed in 
a spoon and held over the llatno of a eandlo 
until tho vapor is seen to rise, when the 
head of theyoungohickon or pheasant (held 
in the other build) may bo placed In tho 
vapor, which the animal is forced to inhale. 
Caro must bo t aken not to carry on tho pro¬ 
cess until tho fowl as well as tho worms aro 
killed. 1 find after exposure to the fumes 
for a few seconds tho bird may ho regarded 
as cured, and may bo seen running about 
quite well on tho following day ; if not, the 
treatment should be repeated. Tho medic¬ 
inal carbolic acid is preferable to the tarry 
liquid used for disinfecting sewers and 
drains. 
Hick Chickens.—Can any of our read¬ 
ers tell mo what to do for my Brahma pul¬ 
lets? 1 have hud- a number of them taken 
sick; they neither die nor get well. Their 
necks aro drawn on one side; comb and 
gills are very pale. They are dull In their 
movements, aud eat but little.—c. r. b. 
