•tMm**»»**: 
Mffn in' 
.»•> ••• 
venient way of cleaning a gun; but positive 
injury will result from it. Nothing but 
clear,cool water should be used, with a little 
sifted anvil dust, if it is rusty. Tow is the 
best to cleau with, and when cleaned, dry 
the. barrels inside by frequent change of tow 
wads and hard rubbing. Use tallow to grease 
inside and out—nothing else is so good. 
Stanford, Ky. Woodman. 
an inch is about the right size. Afterwards 
soak the cones in warm water for a few 
hours, then place near a tire to dry, and the 
scales and seeds can readily be separated. 
has wholly eradicated this grass, which 
abounded to the exclusion of other kinds. 
In August, 1809, (having previously taken 
off a ton and a-half of hay.) I plowed the lot 
and let it lay till November, when I cross- 
plowed it, thus exposing to the frost of win¬ 
ter those roots which had not been lulled by 
the summer's sun. Last spring I plowed 
again, and, after harrowing both ways, I 
collected the roots which had been left on 
the margin of the lot, carted them to a lot 
which 1 wished to stock to Witch grass, and 
spread and plowed them in. 
The lot from which I took the roots T 
plowed again with a small seed plow, and 
set my trees and vines, and cultivated be¬ 
tween the rows to potatoes and other garden 
truck. The result is that I have thoroughly 
exterminated Witch (or Couch) grass from 
one field and introduced it, at small expense, 
into another, where I am confident I can cut 
next year a ton of the best hay. 
Nashua, N. H. A. W. Ghrbluy. 
isntssions 
THE RETRIEVER, 
AMERICAN INST. FARMERS' CLUB. 
EXTRACTING LARCH SEED, 
Tue best Retrievers resemble the one por¬ 
trayed herewith, though land and water 
spaniels are trained as such. Hutchinson 
says large Retrievers arc less apt to mouth 
their game than small ones ; but very heavy 
dogs are not desirable, for they soon tire. 
And yet they should have sufficient strengt h 
to be able to carry a hare with ease through 
a thicket, when balanced in their jaws, and 
lie able to jump a fence with her. They 
should run mute, ho thick coated, so as to 
plunge Into the water after duck or snipe 
when it is cold. 
The best, land Retrievers are said to be a 
cross between the setter and the Newfound¬ 
land, ov strong spaniel -f Newfoundland. 
“ A good nose 11 is essential in a Retriever. 
In order to become a good Retriever a dog 
should have sagacity, good temper, quick¬ 
ness of comprehension and a teachable dis¬ 
position. 
It would he interesting if our 
Note* of Diaeimalous, 
Extract* from I,ot¬ 
ter*, «foo. 
Ilotv to Winter Fnttenint; Blu-pp. — GlBSON 
Binns, Rod 8tone. Pa., writes axklnif oonoernin# 
the treatment tni.t*-i 11 ner sheep should have dur¬ 
ing the winter months. Is It better t.n coiifluo 
them to yards and shelter, or {five them a Hold 
in oonnectlun with tlio shelter, and allow them 
to btuzo at large? Ho has practised the latter 
method for sonic ten years, always endeavoring- 
to have a good ooat. of grass on the Held, uiul tio 
thinks lie thus saves largely in rough feed, yot 
the increase Is small during tho cold weather. 
“The past lull," ho continued, “ I Imd concluded 
to pen my flocks to teed for April market, when 
I saw that Wait arcs Lb LAN didn't pea Ins geese; 
then why Should I pen my wethers? for all 
grand mothers penned and stuffed geese, white 
few penned and fed sheep. And WARWICK Le- 
r.AMi is hold up as high authority, while our 
grandmother's methods are 'gone where the 
woodbine twmetli.’ But. wlmt, l wish to know 
is, whether any of your correspondents have 
tried flirt t wo methods, and are able to give defi¬ 
nite results ? John Johnston gives the yard¬ 
ing process, but does not say that, he ever tried 
tho other. Tho meal question Is a very im¬ 
portant mic, and all tho light that onn be thrown 
on it will be gladly received.” 
Deaoon ItKAnn said the. less exercise fattening- 
animals have tho better, provided they have 
enough for health. Major-General C’URTta said 
one of the best sheep raisers in tho country 
found that tho portion of his Hock kept on tho 
Brtcond floor of a shed, fattened fastest, bocauso 
they did not waste carbon by exercise and re¬ 
sisting cold. 
A subscriber In Wisconsin asks for infor¬ 
mation in regard to the best method of ex¬ 
tracting Larch seeds. It is necessary to 
gather the cones early in winter, before 
they begin to open, although it is best to al¬ 
low them to remain as long upon the tree as 
possible without Incurring a loss of seed. 
When gathered they should be spread upon 
a floor or shelves in a dry, warm room, and 
if the temperature can he raised to.100% or 
even 120’ Fall., it will assist very material¬ 
ly in hastening the drying and opening of 
the cones. One or two days in such a place 
will cause the scales t,o shrink, and allow 
the seeds to fall out, or at least permit, 
threshing out with a stick, or small flail; 
but in performing this operation the cones 
should be three or four inches deep upon the 
floor to prevent bruising the seed. During 
the drying process, the cones should be fre- 
Killing Quails lu New Jersey. 
W. B. W. t Westfield, N. J., answers an 
inquiry by a correspondent by saying; 
“There is a law which imposes a penalty 
for killing quails in this State—$25 for every 
offence.” 
rbonculfttrc 
CEDAR OF LEBANON. 
I notice in the Rural New-Yorker of 
Nov. 19th some extracts from a letter from 
J. Jay Smith to the Gardener’s Monthly” 
about Cedars of Lebanon. I wish to inquire, 
are our common cedars the “ Cedars of 
Lebanon?” And will the small blue burry 
(containing two or three seeds) ou the cedar 
grow into a tree? If so, when should they 
be gathered, when and how planted, how 
managed, &r ? I notice now some of the 
berries are blue and some black on the same 
tree. I should very much like to learn, if 
they will grow, how to manage tho mat¬ 
ter.— S. S. Wyeth, Licking Co., 0. 
Your question is a very natural one, and 
one that wo might expect from people who 
have a deep-seated hatred of all scientific 
names. We do not wish to accuse you of 
being one of this class; hut a largo mn 
jority of our people are, and will seldom 
listen to or try and remember the true name 
of any member of the animal, vegetable or 
mineral kingdoms. It is certainly quite, 
amusing to see how common names of 
plants arc spread around among the different 
genera, as, for instance, tho. word Cedar. 
We presume that, the first settlers in Ameri¬ 
ca were aware of the fact that tho Cedar of 
Lebanon {Cedrus Libani) was an evergreen 
TEN ACRES OF WHEAT, 
For the benefit of those who are inclined 
to envy the independence and prosperity of 
the farmer, I give you herewith a detailed 
statement of I,lie “outgo” and “income” 
ot ten acres, which 1 fallowed and sowed to 
wheat in 1809, Not that I desire to dis¬ 
courage any one, but simply to show that 
the picture of “ farm life,” as generally seen 
through agricultural journals, has, like all 
Others, another side to it: 
corres¬ 
pondents who have had experience in train¬ 
ing Retrievers would give their modus ope- 
randi. 
TRAPPING FOXES, 
In trapping for the fox, one gets about as 
much fun and ns little fur, as in any trapping 
amusement, we have engaged in. It is here 
that Reynard displays his cunning and 
shrewdness to tho best advantage. He seems 
to know from the start, that there is such a 
thing as a trap, and shows by his acts that 
To plowing* burrowing and rolling, 
„ vli *3.50 
143 lends manure, at. ooi 
“ IOllrJl!Mt& rpreudlUK 't<>., (IV 1.75 
“ Bling-nlowliiu A hiir’lng, 3'* d’t). 8.50 
• pluWlinsA |iulrnrl/liiK, 11 (I'm ut. 3.60 
IS basil. I drill wheat, at. 1.75. 
“ drilling un*l cl It oh l ntt, 1 }* rtut. S.50, 
“ liurrq.'Ung 10acres, lit. 1.75 
litreahlqg slid njtfltihtng. 
Total... 
Contra. 
By 43 hush, white wheat, at. 1 45 
Total. 
Board is included in the above rates, 
Suspension Bridge, N. V., J. S 
Fro. 1.—Tm: Cr.ociiK. (Soo Pago 25.) 
he has not the least intention of getting 
caught in it. In answer to your correspond¬ 
ent., Philip, who inquires how ho shall trap 
a fox, I will say:—There are several ways in 
which it may be done. The trap may lie set 
hi a hole or in a furrow, or he may be caught 
by baiting him in the field. The hist named 
method i$ preferable, for in the first men¬ 
tioned, if lie is out of the hole when the trap 
is set, lie will never go in; and if in, he will 
almost invariable dig out some other way, to 
avoid going over the trap ; and in the second, 
if be rinia in the furrow before the trap is set, 
lie will lie likely to avoid it afterward. Bait¬ 
ing him in the field takes more time, but it is 
this time which, if properly employed, dis¬ 
pels Reynard’s fears, ami enables the trapper 
to outwit him in the end. Th c modus ope¬ 
rand!. is as follows; 
Make a lied ot chaff in the open field, in a 
locality the fox is supposed to visit, but where 
it will he least likely to be visited by passing 
hunters. Visit it daily, and stir into the 
chaff, very old or toasted cheese, or scraps of 
meat made fine, using the utmost caution not 
to change the appearance of the bed or its 
surroundings, and ranking as few tracks as 
possible. The materials of which tho bed is 
composed, should not he handled any more 
than is absolutely necessary. Too much can- 
cannot he taken in making the betl; for if 
fixes arc plenty, and you get several to visit 
it, it, will last, for some time, and will afford 
you a great deal of amusement. 
As soon as you are satisfied a fox has vis¬ 
ited the bed regularly for live or six nights, 
you may put in your trap. It should be a 
small sized double spring, and should he fas¬ 
tened to a clog, light enough for the fox to 
drag, hut heavy enough so that lie cannot 
gi l too tar away; though if there is snow on 
the ground, there will be no difficulty in find- 
FIELD NOTES, 
Flo. 2.—Tnw Ci.ochk in a I’uopaoatino 
Moose, (Hoe Page 25.) 
How tol’roflt l>y Keeping Sheep. -\V\ltHEN Ll5- 
land thinks the way to profit by keeping sheep 
is by-growing them for mutton, Unsaid- Let 
a man take, say fifty South-flown ewes, amt ho 
will get about seventy -five lambs the latter part 
Of February or the Hist of March, They -hould 
be well tainted, fattened fust, and sold as curly 
ns possible. Well dressed, fat. spring: lamb, com¬ 
mands a fanny price in New York. It no makes 
choice mutton tlm editor thing, and lets the wool 
come in ns u side matter, he will get on In the 
sheep business. If wool only Is his ambition, I 
recommend tho frontier counties of Texas, 
where yrt lsh land is $1 an acre." All tills was in 
answer to no imiulry from Jackson (Shaves, 
Mrydpn, N. Y., who asked where sheep could lie 
kept with the most profit. Major-General Cuu- 
tis said, “Let him go for 
A coruesi’ondent at Algona, Iowa, 
writes; —“Wo imagine Iowa to be very 
favorable to the beet culture, and propone to 
start a manufactory on an extended scale, if 
practicable, as we have abundant capital. 
We were led to turn our attention to the 
subject through a former article in your 
paper.” 
Our observation of the Illinois experi¬ 
ment, in Chattsworth has led us to conclude 
that the following conditions are important, 
to success ;—A soil where a beet can lie pro¬ 
duced that contains a large per cent, of 
sugar; cheap labor, or its equivalent, ma- 
coumiy me / mija oceiamtaus , or common 
Arbor vita?, is also called white cedar. It 
is unnecessary, however, at this time, to 
give n full list of the trees and shrubs that 
have received the name of Cedar, not one 
of which are entitled to it in a scientific 
point of view. 
Wo give, herewith, an illustration of a 
cone which we gathered many years ago 
from an old tree of the true Cedar of Leban¬ 
on, ( C-Libani ,) which is still alive in the 
Prince Gardens of Flushing, N. Y. 
Our correspondent, and others interested 
in the subject, can readily see how wide the 
difference between this cone and the little 
small blue juniper berries so abundant upon 
the red and other of our common cedars. The 
cones of the Cedar of Lebanon arc very 
tough and hard, and if kept dry, the seed 
will remain sound in them for a quarter of a 
century at least; indeed, we do not know 
as live times as many years will have any 
effect upon their vitality, for they are her- 
melically sealed up within the core. The 
easiest way of extracting the seed is to bore 
a hole through the center of the cone length¬ 
wise, thereby destroying the hard woody 
pith, and allowing llie scales to fall apart,, 
The hit used for boring should not be large 
enough to cut theseed; three-eighths to half 
CEBAll OP LEBANON CONE. 
fluently turned over, and all the seeds that 
fall out carefully gathered up, at least 
before commencing to thresh. After llie 
seeds are cleaned out and separated from 
the dirt and chaff, they should he put into 
cloth bags and hung up in a dry, cool room 
until spring. 
largo Ionic wooled 
breeds, and ratten thorn as near as tie cun act to 
ttio best market, for choice mutton. 
A Weedy Halt Meadow. JAMES J. PlTKLPS, 
Chuekut.uck, Vu,, has a salt mm-sli which has 
boon dyked two years, and tho salt grass 1 ms 
given place to every variety of weeds found in 
adjacent fields. Asks what ho shall do, and Dea¬ 
con Rbadb properly advises him to plow, culti¬ 
vate nnd re-seed. Just as ho would treat upland 
under like circumstances. 
Will llie (iiiinen Fowl* ent Ciircullo* I nsks P. 
H. Folsom, Washington, I>. c.; and are there 
Other fowls or birds that will destroy this insect? 
Tho unti-Stnto Bntomollgist of Now Jersey, said 
he had killed fowls and birds to find this fellow 
in their crops and had never suceoodod, except 
once In tho crop of a Baltamore Oriole. 
Tho Winter Management of Poultry was 
broached hy a correspondent, and a committee, 
consisting of Messrs. Lyman, Crandall, Smith. 
Curtis and Thimble, appointed to obtain infor¬ 
mation and report. 
I« Himit I’olsonou*, Jones Ellis, Boston, III., 
asks whether smut on corn stalks will kill cattle. 
Dr. ID \amki: said yes. Major-General Curtis 
knew it to be poisonous, but never knew cuttle 
to eat it. 
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.— Mr. Lyman 
offered tho following resolutions which wore 
unanimously adopted; 
Resolved, That the Farmers' Club of the Amer¬ 
ican Institute have learned with surprise and 
astonishment of a concerted action on the part 
of nearly one-halt' of the Assembly men of this 
State for procuring the repeal ot' tno law which 
created the Society for the Prevention of Cruel¬ 
ty to Animals. 
Resolved, That the efforts and acts of lids So¬ 
ciety have been useful, humane, wise ami hene- 
tlcieul only. Unit in this city alone It hn« pre¬ 
vented a sum of needless suffering which no 
man can estimate; It haa urrented a thousand 
brutal whipping*; it has required loads to be 
proportioned to the strength of the animal that 
draws it; it has protected suffering omitures 
from exposures to toy storms; It has stripped 
the harness from draught animals that were 
beaten because they were lame, and poonded 
because their flesh was raw from tho gulling of 
the collar: it has stopped tho clubbing of boi-ses; 
it has interposed between the greed of unfeel¬ 
ing men and tDo Bufferings of culvesand lambs 
and poultry on their way to slaughter-houses; it 
has done much and proposes to do more In 
abatement of that, gri-at numinoe and dishonor 
to our civilization the sopicmaUo and whole¬ 
sale torture of cattle t.y bruising, (.rampling, 
and goring, hy thirst and fever, and hunger ami 
cold while in transit from Western pnurles to 
Eastern cities; it, lias caused tin; arrest, and 
urged Hu; trial and punishment of knave-, who 
would, for greed of foul profits poison our popu¬ 
lation with milk ot ciiw a fed on swill, millc 
drawn from animals burning -with glow fever 
mid tottering with gangrene; il has caused the 
arrest of cock-flglilcr»j und dog-baiters; it. fins 
urged the disuse ot severe tjltsaml cruel goa ls: 
it has peiictmted to t.lm rot-cases nf &l: nig liter- 
pens awl insisted, if animals must die for man, 
that the stroke bo made quick and doxb-rnn*, so 
as to pres-cl lorlurv and death by inches. 
Resolv'd, That the repeal of a law by which no 
much good has been neeofnpliJdted wohld in no 
rospect promote tho general weal, is not requit¬ 
ed by the liberty of any right-minded citizen, is 
not called for hy community; such repeal 
would lie a blot on our still ute hook and a libel 
on Mm rcfluowuuf and Christianity of this gen¬ 
eration . 
TO EXTERMINATE OOTJOH GRASS, 
I notice in the Rural New-Yorker an 
article on Couch Grass, or (as it is called in 
this section) “ Witch” Grass. A large por¬ 
tion of the fanners in the Merrimack Valley 
consider it a valuable grass for hay, prefer- 
ing it to other grasses for feeding working 
teams, it costing much less to produce it. 
Many slnhle keepers will pay more for it 
than for other kinds of hay. As your cor- 
raapoiKic'.it wishes Ut exterminate rather than 
propagate It, I will tell him of my way, 
which has proved successful. The lot was 
an acre, which I had concluded to devote to 
grapes and pears. The following treatment 
Potntoea. 
Early Rose T find to bo all that is claimed 
for them ; they will he the early potnto. 
Raised fifteen bushels from one-half bushel. 
Early Goodrich did well, the quality very 
superior to any former year. Shall try them 
again, as the yield Is good. Pink Eye 
Rusty Coat every way a first-class potato ; 
save all for seed. Neshannqck, quality tip¬ 
top; yield, three or four to the hill. Peach 
Blow and Harisnn both matured and died off 
hy the end of August; not half a crop ; quali¬ 
ty good.—T. B. Pickton, Summit Co., 0. 
GLEANING A SHOT GUN, 
A writer in a recent Rural New- 
Yorker, answering some one who asked 
“ Low to clean a shot gun," responded; 
advising the use of 11 hot water —very hot 
water,” &C. Now, I must take issue with 
that writer, and discountenance the use of 
hot water, in cleaning the barrels of a shot 
gun. The barrels, especially of the finer 
brands of guns, are very thin, for almost 
one-third of their length, and hot water 
heats them readily, almost as hot as fire 
would. A gun is finely “ tempered ” hy the 
niamiiiieiurer, and this sudden heating and 
cooling will, with almost the first applica¬ 
tion ot hot water, injure the “ temper; and 
by a persistent use of hot and cold water, 
tlic “temper” will be effectually and fatally 
injured. True, it is a very rapid and con- 
PsB 
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