lay. At the north end is a small house or 
shed to protect the hens from the north 
winds, and the entrance is by the south 
through the shed which is used to keep his 
feed close at hand. 
The plan of this hennery is remarkable for 
its simplicity and hygienic arrangement. 
The cost of the labor and material was under 
$500. The house is cleaned out every day. 
We were there in the hottest of last summer 
weather, and it smelled just as sweet as out¬ 
side ; we could not discover the slightest 
taiut to the air inside. 
around, six inches wider than the wall is 
thick, and one foot deep, filling it with 
broken stone, well settled together with a 
sledge; then commence his wall on top of 
it.— A SUBSCRIBER, AthCM, 0. 
A Rural New- Yoiucek correspondent at 
Hudson, Mich., wishes to know how to con¬ 
struct walls under buildings, so as to prevent 
rats from digging under them. Before com 
meucing the wall, lay all around a tier of 
thin, flat stone, projecting outside the wall 
into the hank, fourteen or sixteen inches; 
and you will never he troubled with rats. 
Rural Arcldtfcfurt 
% ^ 1 
become a sot in consequence. Ho had better 
get sleep la that way than not at all. Such had 
been the Prof.'a experience. 
An Apostrophe to Itergh, t,ho Society for tho 
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and the tender 
and sympathetic natures which compose tho 
Farmer's Club, by H. F. STAlUt, was rend with 
touching effect by the gallant Commander of 
tho Club. Prof. SQmu.cn stated his astonish¬ 
ment that there are so many unheard-of poets 
left: wondered when tho supply would bo ex¬ 
hausted. 
The Adornment or Country Homer. — Major- 
Gen. (’trims had listened with rapture to ex- 
Clov. Seymour fora half hour, and moved that 
the distinguished gentleman be invited to read 
a paper on Grounds and Gardens for Country 
Homes, at Ills convenience. It was so voted. 
How to Apply “ Kxcelalor." —T. Elliott, Lo- 
custville, Yu., asked how to amply “ F.xeolslor " 
isntssions 
MODEL HENNERY, 
AMERICAN INST. FARMERS' CLUB, 
There is a good deal of inquiry for the 
best arranged heunery and yard. Various 
plans have already been given iu the Rural 
New-Yorker. Last fall we visited Isaac 
Van Winkle, Esq.'s yards at. Greenville, N. 
J., and were so much pleased with the hen¬ 
neries and their arrangement relative to the 
yards Uni t we sent our artist, thither to make 
such sketches as were needed to give our 
readers a good idea thereof, and I he accom¬ 
panying engravings arc the results. Oue 
gives an interior view of the house as it is, 
with the exception that it is divided into 
sections for different classes of fowls by 
woven wire partitions. The other gives the 
south elevation of the house, and shows the 
interior of one »f the yards. The partitions 
in the house co ’respond with Lhe size of the 
yards. The building is nearly seventy-five 
feet long, thirteen feet high and twelve feet, 
wide. It, is built of wood, roof shingled, 
To the highest pitch of the roof it is thirteen 
feel. Tho elevation or bight from the ground 
or foundation in front is four feet, which cuts 
a twelve-foot board into three pieces; the 
length or pitch of the roof, in front, is twelve 
leei—-just the length of one hoard, saving a 
few inches of a ragged end ; the pitch of 
thereat- roof is six feet, and the bight of the 
building from tlie ground to the base of the 
roof is just, six feet, which outs a twelve-foot 
board into two pieces. The ground plan 
and flame work are planned on the same 
principles of economy of timber. By this 
plan an timber is wasted, ns it all cuts out 
clean ; there is also a great saving of labor. 
The foundation of the building rests on 
cedar posts set four feet, into the ground, to 
Notvs of Discussloua, Extracts from Let 
tors, Ac, 
Liam Bonus. — Jonas Allen, Schooleigh, 
Michigan, sent samples ut wlmt ho supposed to 
bo Lima beans for the Club to examine. llo hud 
seen Lima beans quoted m $0 per bushel, and 
asked if such beans us ho sent would firing that 
price. Neil her Duchess Quinn nor Blackberry 
Lawton thought tho sample Lima beaus. Tho 
former thought them a cross of the Lima and 
Case-Knife bean. But the best Limas would not 
bring tho producer over #5 to #7 
per bushel. 
Andrew S, Fuller of the BuR.vr. New-Yorker 
said they were the small, round Lima bean, tho 
seed Ot which can be purchased at llio seed 
stores: and they arc- probably as pure Linms as 
tho larger sorts. But they are not worth as 
much in tho market as the beaus known as tho 
large Lima. 
The Proceedings or the Farmers' t’luli, Mr. 
Timo. Clark, Uuvenmi, 0., thought ought to be 
published in book form, and would find a ready 
sale among farmers. Prof. Squelch thinks 
farmers read all that is good for them of said 
proceedings, judging by the character of the 
letters received and read at the sessions of the 
Club. 
Building Paper.-o. S. Baunes, Sugar Hud, 
Pa., asked the cos! of a t wo-stury house made of 
building paper. Tho Commander had seen paper 
boats of superior strength and lightness, but had 
never seen a paper building. Dr. Smith said a 
church hud been constructed entirely of paper 
in Germany. Some distinguished individual 
said paper buildings would bo excellent lu earth¬ 
quake countries. 
Currant and Drape Culture. — K. J, KlltK, 
Last lord, Conn., asked questions concerning 
grape and currant culture which indieulo that 
ho does not take nor read current agricultural 
and horticultural publications. 
Celery Culture.-W. It. JAMESON, Wvimdotle, 
Kuil, asks questions about celery culture that 
provoke the belief that ho has nut road eveu llic 
advertisements In agricultural papers. 
T1 "- *’. ™ ailfsilon. —B. c. HURLtlURT, II«W- 
kiusville, N. Y., thinks the fciioe tax onerous, 
suggests iron posts, &c M and asks where figures 
can he obtained concerning cost. Prof. Squelch 
advises him to grow lino fences, or Imvo hurdles 
to inclose his stock, ignoring all stuiiouary 
fences. 
How to Start a Nursery.—,|. D. Heed, Ltnes- 
ville, Pa., wants to start, a half or an aero of 
nursery. lie asks if lie lmd better sow good, or 
buy root grafts, and when is tho best time to sow 
the seed or plant the root grafts. Mr. Fuller 
said if he does not know more of the business 
than his inquiries indicate, lie hud better buy 
and plant root grafts; but it would be more 
profitable still for him to goand work a year for 
a good nurseryman for nothing, and pay his own 
hoard, and a bouus for instruction. 
Taking off a Deacon 8kin.—J. DURHAM, Finn, 
N. Y., asked tho best mode of taking off a "dea¬ 
con " skiu from aoult'. Tho savaus did iiotsoonx 
to comprehend the importance of tho Inquiry. 
Prof. Squelch was astouishod that gentlemen — 
dairymen present, too-did not know that there 
is a best way of taklug off these skins. He called 
attention to tho fact that, fu the Rural New- 
Yokkisr, April 10, 1870, page 251, this best way is 
given. I Wo reproduce It hero.-E ds. Rural 
New-Yorker :] 
In t he first place, the calf should be allowed to 
live ut least four or five days, and when killed, 
the throat, should uot he mn crossways, for it can 
be bled just as well without. The skin should 
oi*8 art* gradually but surely changing* to white 
over the whole body. Thinks it a remarkable 
phenomenon. One member said it is uot nu un¬ 
common one with that breed of fowls. The fact 
that owls, cedar birds, and Several kinds of ani¬ 
mals change color, was mentioned, and the phe¬ 
nomenon was not regarded very singular nor an 
Indication of Impaired health. Quo member 
stated that ho had soon a negro with one side of 
his fi.ee uud one hand as white as any while 
nuiu, «"d llio rest of his body black, though 
gradually changing to white. Ho was perfectly 
healthful. 
Dealer* In Counterfeit Money. — L. Winne, 
Rochester, Minn., sent a circular received from 
parties in New York city, offering to send him 
oounterfoit money ut a great discount. Ho 
thought the detectives should look after suoli ras¬ 
cals. Pnd. SQUELCH ndvised the Club to offer a 
premium for a listof names of fools and villains 
who aroswiudlod by such agencies. It would be a 
good thing lor the people of each neighborhood 
to know who uinong thorn buy, or arc willing to 
buy and circulate, counterfeit, money. He was 
entirely willing men who send for it should loso 
all the money they scud. 
Leached A flics on Growing Wheat. — Wm. L. 
Brock of Tennessee, asked if it would injure 
growing wheat, to sow unleachod ashes broadcast 
upon it. Mr. Fuller replied, no. 
The Track Dealers of New York.— Mr. Quinn 
called attention to tho evils of tho New York 
mnrkot system, assorting that, one of the gravest 
is tlmr. It Is maklug drunkards and debauched 
men of thousands of country boys and young 
men who are compelled to spend tho entire night 
in thoslumsaud hells about Washington market, 
for want of a roomy market place, or a warm 
reading room, whore they can employ the night 
hours. They «ro compelled to remain on tho 
market about twelve hours—from i to 7 P. M„ 
until 7 A. M.; and these hours are nearly all un¬ 
employed. Philanthropic peoplo should send 
some missionaries among them, (instead of to 
India,j and do practical missionary work. 
Hpurlou* Chester Whites, Probably. — R. y. 
Montague, Curryvllle, Mo., writes:—“My ex¬ 
perience leads mo to concur with Mr. Cuhtis 
that, there is more humbug about tho Chester 
White hogs Uian any other breed. I purchased 
a pair from Messrs. N. P. Boyer & Co. of Parkee- 
burg. Fa., paying $58 there for them, and cost¬ 
ing me $81 by t lm time they reached here. After 
honest und devoted attention to them, I must 
say that I have never before been subjected to 
so decided a swindle* on a small scale. They are 
neither good mothers nor good breeders—de¬ 
ficient in nearly all of the good qualities which 
go to make up a first-cluss brood of hogs.” 
Down on Moth Traps.-J. H. Martin, Hart¬ 
ford, N. Y., writes:-"•lam a bee keeper, aud 
have always found the so-cullod moth traps the 
greatest curse u boo keeper cun introduce into 
his apiary. Moths certainly do congregate in 
them, and a very little neglect mukos the con¬ 
gregation too large ror ordinary apiaries to sur¬ 
vive. it is impossible to keep ninth worms from 
tlm hive. Tho moth will lay Us eggs upon tlm 
alighting board and upon tlm blossoms dully 
visited by tho boos. The eggs stick to tho bou 
and aro carried into the very center of tho hive. 
Tim only safety aud tho very best moth trap is 
to keep the swarm strong. Tho weak swarm, or 
ono without a queen, Is tlio one that fulls an 
easy prey to the moth. The movable comb hivo 
is admirably adapted to keep a swarui strong. 
Wood and glass and almost every other sub- 
stauco has been tortured into hundreds of pat¬ 
ent hives. But any farmer with a little inge¬ 
nuity can make a good plain movable comb 
hive.” 
Bones If you Want Eggs. — K. ». IlUMO, Lny- 
tou's, N. J., writes that, ho gets eggs from his 
(part Cocblu China) fowls, through the coldest 
weather, und tho secret Is;— 1 “Bones, bones is 
the word. Give them bones wiMi meat or with¬ 
out meat. Cut up or break tho bones as soon as 
the family has done with them, und. Instead of 
throwing them to the dogs, or In the 6oap-fat 
keg, give them to your liens, and with the pro¬ 
ceeds of the increased n umber ot eggs you can 
buy ut the store a better article of soap than 
you cun make, and then you have the ashes for 
your apple trees and grape vines. In addition 
to bones, (but they are paramount,) on cold 
mornings we give them hot mushes with a small 
quantity of Cayenne pepper stirred through it. 
Give all the fre6h water they want, also plenty 
of dry dirt to wallow in. Keep them well se¬ 
cured from the cold; have window lights on tho 
NOTES FOR BUILDERS. 
orsrnum 
Itnt-Prouf Witlln, 
A correspondent ui Hudson, Mich,, 
asks of llio Rural New-Yorker “ IIow to 
construct walls under buildings on sandy 
soil, so as to prevent ruts digging under 
Uian V” I propose to give my experience 
in the matter: 
A wall would have to be sunk to a very 
expensive depth to prevent ruts from dig¬ 
ging under it, consequently I would prefer 
concrete over the entire ground floor, it 
being cheaper and more effectual. It will 
not only keep the rats from getting through 
from the underside, hut, make it dangerous 
for them to get in from other openings in the 
building. I mixed my concrete in the fol¬ 
lowing manner:—To one barrel of good 
fresh cement add two barrels of coarse sand 
(coarser the better) with water sufficient to 
make mortar for mason’s use, and work it 
thoroughly ; then add small cobble stones— 
from the size of a musket ball to a goose 
egg—as many as you think the cement will 
unite when set hard; spread evenly, about 
that, trom all appearances , ar e to itju also. 
I have consulted the most experienced horse 
doctors in my reach, and fail to get any 
proper knowledge of the cause, or inode of 
treatment that will give relief. 
The first symptom is a slight swelling of 
the sheath, (commencing in January,) which 
comes and recedes at Irregular periods of a 
short duration, gradually increasing until 
the skin is fully distended, the parts becom¬ 
ing entirely cold, and filled with blood and 
water, rheic is a gradual loss of appetite, 
ami, consequently, of flesh, until death en¬ 
sues. Some one suggests that the purls have 
been frozen by lying on the frozen ground, 
flic colts are not confined to the stable, aud 
are rather thin in flesh; but I have never 
known a like cso before. I write hoping 
are raised, according to the weather, every 
morning, to let oh llio foul air. .Each pen 
has a ventilator besides the trap-door at the 
bottom, same size, which Communicates with 
die pens and runs. These lower ventilators 
are only used in very hot weather, to allow 
a free circulation through the building, and 
in summer each pen is shaded from the ex- 
Uxaiie rays of the sun by iliick shades fust- 
eaed up oil the inside, so that the inside of 
tee house is Cooler than the outside. 
I he dropping hoards extend the whole 
width of the pen, and are about two feet 
wide and sixteen inches from the floor; the 
j ousts mo about seven inches above and over 
dais board. They are three inches wide and 
crescent-shaped on tup, so t,hut the fowls 
can rest a considerable part of their bodies 
on the perches. Under these dropping 
boards are the nest-boxes, where the fowls 
Jav, and are shaded and secluded. The feed¬ 
ing and drinking troughs are made of gal¬ 
vanized iron, and lmug with books on eyes 
so that they can be easily removed when 
they require cleaning. One can stand at 
one end of this long house and see all the 
chickens on their roosts. By seeing each 
other in this way the fowls are made com¬ 
panionable, and are saved many a ferocious 
f.-ht; at the same time each kind is kept 
separated from the other. Each pen has a 
run thirty-three by twelve mid fifteen feet; 
these runs are separated by wire fences 
twelve feet high, with meshes of two inches, 
tmuide ot these small runs is a large run of 
half au acre, arid on the rear are other runs 
of abottt an acre, nil of grass, au that four or 
five kinds can be out at large at a time in 
diese large i nns, ana into which they are all 
let out liy t urns. 
The house is surrounded with a drain 
v deli carries off td! the water and moisture, 
, prevents dampness. Inside, the house 
L>cemented ail through ; and these cemented 
boors are covered with gravel about two 
inches deep. The house is heated in the 
' wwdher just enough to keep water from 
1 “Czing, as Mr. Van Winkle is opposed to 
ilu ^' 1 fttlificiul beat, and to iorciiur fowla 
INTERIOR OJT 3? 
four or six inches in thickness, taking care 
to have it in its place before it sets or har¬ 
dens. If a level surface is desired, take the 
above mixture, leaving out the cobbles, and 
smooth it like a plastered wall. 
If for a stable, and you wish to lay a floor, 
fit the plunks close, and lay, without nails 
or spikes, on the concrete, to prevent the 
rats from making nests between tbe plank 
and the cement. Your planks will stay 
without shifting; and at any time when the 
ammonia is troublesome, they can be taken 
up and washed—both plank and concrete. 
_N. Sawyer. 
Rat-Proof Cellar* 
Please say to the correspondent at Hud¬ 
son, Mich., that if lie wishes to build a rat- 
proof cellar, be must, after having - dug liis 
cellar as deep as he wishes, dig a trench all 
that you or your readers may give me some 
information in the premises.—J ames Cars- 
kadjn, Mineral Co ., West Va. 
Horses Three Abreast. 
Please say to your correspondent (page 9, 
Rural New- Yorker, Jan. 7,) that the best 
plan to arrange the Hues for driving three 
horses abreast that I can find is by using the 
common double line on the two outside horses 
snapped in the outside bridle ring and in 
each ring of the bridle of the inside horse. 
Then tie the outside horses by a strap from 
the inside bridle ring to the bridle of the 
middle horse. Then you control each horse 
by the lines.— O. Newell. 
Colic in Hornea. 
Will T. S. Mitchell, M. D.. say how 
much of his prescription (see page 75, Rural 
New-i ohkek, Feb. 4th,) is enough for one 
drink?—L. G. H., Bureau Co. } 111. 
