and mix as you would mortar. Let the heap 
remain a few days, or until it begins to stiffen, 
and then spread it upon the walk-bed two 
to four inches think ; roll down and sprinkle 
the surface with fine sand. If applied when 
first, mixed, it will stick to the shovels and 
spades used, and is quite difficult to handle, 
but after a few hours, it becomes more of the 
consistency of mortar. 
A cheaper walk can he made as follows: 
Take two barrels of freshly slaked lime, and 
one of good cement, and mix with water, as 
for mortar. Spread this over a good foun¬ 
dation of broken stone and gravel. As it 
hardens, roll down smooth. 
perior to that of the latter, and is really a 
fine fall apple.—C iias. Downing. 
Blooming Orange or Blenheim Fippin. 
Under “Pomological Gossip,” in the 
Rural New-Yorker, I found talk of a man 
having distributed grafts of the old Blen¬ 
heim pippin under the name of Blooming 
Orange, and I ask myself why does he lake 
credit therefor? Certainly not for any good 
there is in the variety, for no intelligent 
GEAPE GEATTING. 
PEAES AND PEAE CULTUEE: 
Dmhiiv Bond Before the l'einiHj Iviinia Fruit 
Growers’ (Society, Jan. 19. 
In the rush people have made in the few 
past years into vine culture, it is not strange 
that some vines should he found on ground 
where grapes do not belong; nor that some 
late ripenining varieties should lmve been 
BY E. SATTERTH WAITE. 
[Continued from puge 156, March 11.] 
September mid October Fears. 
We next come to a season comprising the 
latter fart of September and October. Pears 
ripening at this season are generally far more 
valuable for market than those a little ear¬ 
lier, when peaches and melons are at their 
bight. 
SccJcel —Stands at the head of the list at 
this season, on account of its remarkably 
high flavor. It unquestionably lias no su¬ 
perior in this respect. It is not, however, a 
very valuable market fruit, on account of 
its small size and generally poor color, and 
tendency to rot before ripening. 
Louise Bonne de Jersey —Has not proved 
satisfactory. It bears abundantly, but often 
of poor quality, and sometimes cracks. 
Buffum —A productive and profitable va¬ 
riety. The tree is remarkable for its vigor 
and beauty of growth ; it is a most abundant 
bearer, and though rather small and not. of 
the highest flavor, its fine color and product¬ 
iveness make it. a valuable market fruit. 
Urbaniste—llws generally proved good in 
every respect. 
Bucitem rfAngouhme —Does wonderfully 
well some seasons, hut has not proved a reg¬ 
ular hearer, probably from being allowed to 
overbear. [1 think it would pay to thin out 
the fruit of this, and perhaps also of many 
other varieties, when the trees are over¬ 
loaded.] 
Bear re "Did— Has not proved satisfactory; 
it is sometimes of first-rate quality, but of a 
poor color, and often cracks. 
Dix —Remarkable for being the only sort 
out of five or six hundred that never bears. 
1 have a number of quite large trees of this 
variety, one of them more than twenty years 
old, and a foot in diameter, aud they have 
never borne a dozen pears. 
Napoleon —Very productive, and of a good 
color, but often spoiled by being spotted with 
a sort of mildew. 
Osiceyo Bear re — Productive, but often 
cracks. 
Sheldon —Generally does well, is product¬ 
ive and good, but sometimes cracks. 
Beurre Bose —A very fine, large, hand¬ 
some, productive and good pear; one of 
those subacid pears that are preferred by 
(The ( ,J >;uimicr 
q> s 'f- 
GEEEN PEAS, 
We may safely assert that no one will 
plant for his own use an inferior variety of 
pea. Cultivating peas for market, where 
profit and not quality is alone taken into 
consideration, is but, one view of the subject, 
and more’s the pity; for if the consumers arc 
city-bred, they know little of the enjoyment 
of a dish of delicious green peas There are 
two good reasons why city people, who de¬ 
pend upon the markets for green peas, sel¬ 
dom or never get anything of Ihe kind above 
a third or fourth-rate article. First, the very 
best varieties seldom yield as well as those 
of poor quality, and the seed usually cost 
double or even more; ami this is quite an 
item to the market gardener. Second, green 
peas should lie gathered from the vines and 
put, into the pot with as little delay ns pos¬ 
sible, and this is impossible when obtained 
from markets. If they are allowed to wilt 
before cooking, their good flavor is gone 
past recovery. 
Choice varieties of peas will not he grown 
for market until consumers who purchase 
from it learn to distinguish and ask for the 
best sorts. City people, as a rule, take very 
little interest in rural affairs, believing that 
they have little or no call to do so; but 
herein they make ft great mistake, and poor, 
flavorless, half-grown vegetables are the pen¬ 
alty of their ignorance. If every one of the 
half million of families in this great city 
and its suburbs subscribed for and read the 
llr u.vl New-Yorker, there would a very 
sudden and radical change take place in our 
markets. The little, white, tasteless sorts of 
peas so extensively grown at the present 
Figure 1. 
fruit committee in any section of the United set where nothing hut extraordinary culture 
States would give this apple a place in a list and most favorable season would bring them 
of twenty or even forty sorts to cultivate for to maturity. It then becomes a question of 
any range of country one hundred miles in the most vital importance, to determine how 
extent. Certainly not for giving ane\v name these errors or mistakes can he the easiest 
to an old fruit, because he had not industry and most speedily rectified. Most timely, as 
to study up Us history before he sent it out. a solution of this problem, comes in grafting. 
For what, then, does he take credit?—A. This has long been practiced, but in case of 
Thorn. the grape, with very indifferent and unsat ia- 
’ Ma.hew* Grape No. 13. factory ^ results. With this, ns in other needs, 
The Western Penologist commends this wc r fin £ mnn aml nu;ai1 ® c, l mi t0 ° l,r want * 
nnrl Q nv« .-Three some mvoter* D - S. Wagknku steps into the hiatus, and 
fertrtmng 
GAEDEN WALKS. 
I would like to know how to construct 
walks in my dooryard or lawn so that they 
will be durable, and grass will not grow in 
them. Is there a cement that will be dura¬ 
ble on walks? I have heard there is, but 
have never seen it tried. My yard is a sandy 
loam, and it is difficult to build walks that 
will keep the grass from growing through 
them.— J. E. Hayden. 
There are so many different methods of 
making concrete or cement walks, that it is 
a difficult matter to decide which one is the 
best. The cost of materials that enter into 
the construction of walks also varies great¬ 
ly, and that which is the cheapest in one lo¬ 
cality may he the most expensive in another. 
All these circumstances must be taken into 
consideration whenever reading of or at¬ 
tempting to lay down cheap and durable 
walks. Coal tar, which enters largely into 
the construction of what is usually termed 
asphalt walks, has advanced in price in 
many localities, to four or five times the 
former rates, in consequence of the demand 
for this purpose. Where coal tar can ho 
obtained, a good, durable walk can he made 
by filling in four to six inches in depth of 
broken stone and gravel. Make the surlaco 
level, and spread on a thin coat of hot coal 
tar; sift on fine sand or coni ashes; repeat 
the operation until three or four coats of tar 
is applied ; roll or beat down each coat, and 
sift on as much sand or ashes as will adhere. 
Another method:—Take about equal parts 
Some of the dwarf varieties may not need 
it; lint the extra dwarfs are generally of 
little value, and yield extra small crops. 
In hoeing or cultivating, it is well to 
throw some soil against the vines, as this 
will not only assist, in keeping them upright 
hut gives a greater depth of earth over the 
roots, keeping them moist and cool. Our 
rule is to commence sowing peas very early, 
aud then put in a few every week as long as 
the weather will permit, late crops usually 
failing if the summer is very dry and hot. 
Peas delight in a cool, moist atmosphere, 
and in the extreme Northern States a suc¬ 
cession can usually he kept up during tbc 
entire summer; but in the Middle and South¬ 
ern States mildew will make its appearance 
and destroy the vines soon after the very 
warm weather commences. lr a very late 
crop is desired, it may be secured by using 
an abundance of some coarse mateiial as a 
mulch. _ 
Varieties. 
There nre many good varieties, but our 
favorites are entirely among what is called 
the wrmlueu peas, and, as a rule, these are 
second early or late sorts. But the very 
earliest and poorest varieties are seldom 
more than a week ahead of some of tue 
choice kinds, and we had much rather wait 
a wcck for our first good dish of peas than 
Figure 2 , 
tawba grapes in the spring of 1854, and was 
consequent ly sixteen years old when grafted. 
The vines were set four feel apart in the 
row, with seven feet between the rows. 
Every alternate vine was grafted, leaving 
one vine between each grafted one, to bring 
in some way, made a mistake, as this grape 
is not his true “No. 13.” It is evidently a 
chance seedling sent out by Mr. Rogers, 
undetected, as his “No. 13.” Still, Mr. 
Mathews, so far, has thought host to ad¬ 
here to the original name, “ No. 13.” The 
vine received in the spring of 1802 fruited 
the following season, (1803,) and has since 
given an abundant crop annually. 
The vine is perfectly hardy, standing upon 
the trellis with no winter protection what¬ 
ever, nor lias cither vine or fruit ever shown 
the slightest indication of mildew, scab or 
rot. Fruit translucent; color light greenish, 
with amber tinge in the sun; skin exceed¬ 
ingly thin, and parts freely from the pulp; 
flavor sprightly, delicious; berries long; 
clusters large, and not very compact. 
P0M0L0GI0AL GOSSIP. 
“Kansu* Keeper” Apple. 
This apple is recommended by the Stale 
Horticultural Societv of Iowa, but is be¬ 
lieved to I hi the Stark by some of our best 
Western pomologists. Some of our East¬ 
ern pomologists have called it the Penuock, 
which it often resembles. As yet, there is 
disagreement as to its identity, and it con¬ 
tinues to be known in the West as “ Kansas 
Keeper.” 
Bose Beil Apple. 
Tn the Rural New Yorker of March 
11th, E. asks if Rose Red Apple may not he 
the same as Rosy Red of Downing. I an¬ 
swer no; they are quite distinct. The Rose 
Red ripens in September and October, and 
Rosy Red in November and January. Be¬ 
sides, the quality of the former is much su- 
FlGURE 3. 
fruit last season. These produced three tons 
to the acre of fine, well-ripened Catawbas. 
The vine here shown was grafted on the 
