IsWittits 
% 
P0M0L0GI0AL GOSSIP, 
is a fruit upon wJjich few or no experiments 
have been made towards producing new and 
improved varieties, but it is well worthy of 
the attention of our pomologists. 
rbortcnlturf 
Tl»e Pennsylvania Fear. 
Mr. Taylor of Burlington, Iowa, stated 
at the meeting of Urn Illinois State Horticul¬ 
tural Society, that he had found that the 
Pennsylvania never blighted at all. 
The Early Richmond on IHorello Stock*. 
The editor of the Germantown Telegraph 
advises against grafting the Early Richmond 
cherry on Morello stocks. That advice may 
be good in Pennsylvania, but it is not good 
in the Western Suites. The best Early 
Richmond orchards there arc on Morcllos. 
ANNUAL MEETINGS, &c. 
ABOUT HEDGES, 
TREES FOR WINDBREAK. 
almost totally annihilate them. After a 
very copious shower of rain, they often 
disappear. 
About Bculliona, 
The entire trouble may he remedied by 
proper preparation of the right kind ot soil, 
correct fertilizers, and assiduous and well di¬ 
rected effort iu the culture of the onions. 
Scullions, if saved throng!) the winter, can be 
used the next season for sets, which may, 
soon after they arc set out, prove excellent 
for table use as fresh onions. Rut there 
should be no scullions. If the correct work 
of preparing and cultivating the onion gar¬ 
den is performed, there will be onions with¬ 
out scullions. 
The ground best adapted to onion growth 
is rich sandy loam, so located Hint the drain¬ 
age is well provided for. Because a mix¬ 
ture of muck with a gilicious soil improves 
the fertility of the Boil, it lias induced the 
trial of low flat portions of land abounding 
in muck, for growing onions. But sucli 
places being usually not well drained, are 
wanting in many elements of the soil favor¬ 
able to the growth of the onion, and may 
possess of other properties an excess of those 
advantages. Experience demonstrates that 
a warm, sandy loam is the best. 
The soil should receive a thorough pul¬ 
verization. The plow should not turn up 
over five inches of the surface. The use ol 
a plow is unnecessary. A good cultivator 
stirs the. soil sufficiently deep for this crop. 
The bull) of the onion grows upon the top 
of the ground, and the roots extending from 
the bulb are never over three and a half indi¬ 
es in length. The onion is an anomaly of 
the garden. Tt bears little resemblance to 
the other esculents. The oldest manure 
What kind of willow is used for hedge, 
and where and how procured ? Is it as 
good as Osage Orange in Lat. 41°, North ? 
Is it long lived and hardy ? I would also 
like to know what it. would cost per rod to 
keep a hedge in good condition, (1 mean how 
much a year.) Several of us young farmers 
would like to know. Some of the “ Fath¬ 
ers” say it will winter-kill; others, that they 
would rather remove and rebuild an old rail 
fence every year. I feel sure you can tell. 
How far apart should the plants be in the 
fence? —A. 0. H., Roanoke, Ltd. 
The willow that lias been so extensively 
advertised of late years as a hedge plant, is 
called white willow, and is only a variety 
of the very common yellow willow. We 
have little faith in it as a hedge plant, al¬ 
though it may pay to grow it as a kind of 
stockade about farms on the western prai¬ 
ries, where almost any kind of timber is ex¬ 
tremely valuable. Osage Orange may be a 
little tender In your latitude, but we think 
not. The Thrce-tborned Acacia, or Honey 
Locust, (Colcditchia tncanthos ,) would cer¬ 
tainly succeed, and it will make a good and 
durable hedge; but. before attempting to 
cultivate a hedge of any kind, you should 
purchase and read some work on the sub¬ 
ject—for instance Warder’s “ Hedges and 
Evergreens.” 
I wish to plant a row of trees on the west 
of my orchard for a windbreak, or protec¬ 
tion, and do not know what to select. 
Would the Norway Spruce or Austrian 
Pine be good? How near together should 
they lie planted?—J. E. H., Princeton, Ind. 
Norway, White or Hemlock Spruce, will 
make an excellent windbreak for your lo¬ 
cality. Austrian and White Pine will also 
succeed, and answer the purpose well. The 
distance allowed between each tree will de¬ 
pend somewhat upon their size when plant¬ 
ed If small, say two feet high, three or 
lour feet, is sufficient. 
the Association, an-1 that $3,000 shall br- nupod 
by subscription m OUlcngo In aid of the Exhibi¬ 
tion. Premiums will In* awin six elates: 
1, FJerksliire^; 2. Chester Whites: 3. Pultun! and 
China, or Maude; 4. Ohcshlres, \ orUshins, and 
other larjfe breeds: 5. l'.-ox, Suffolk, Small 
Yorkshires, and other small breeds; S. All 
“Crosses." Special premiums will also be of¬ 
fered. The uKKreuate amount of the premiums 
will be several ihouaands of dollars. Charles 
Siioid, .Toilet, 19 Secretary. 
Wanhington Co., IV. V., A*. Soe.—The annual 
report ot the Correspondiritf Secretary, M. In- 
tpilsbe. shows the operations ol itils Society for 
JH70 to have been very inlerestimt and success¬ 
ful, reflection the Idpriiest ei edit upon the (Iclive 
uml elhclent Hoard of Officers, many of whom 
were re-elected. Tbo Hoard for 1871 is as fol¬ 
lows: J*rr#.— BkKRY I-oNO. Vice-l‘rcst‘8. Levi 
Hatch, Otis Dillioulmn, John W. Kor»fiisoii, Z. P. 
Huinrlcs, David W. Scott, S. E. Spoor. lif.C. See. 
It. w. Pratt. Trent.— Win. M. Holmes. Cor. 
Sec- Milo luualabe. South Hartford. Mavayrs 
elected fo fill vacancies. It Niles ltloe. Cum- 
bridjfc; Thomas Stevenson, Salem. Auditors.— 
Bernard Blair, .fames L. Ingulsbc, Hartford; 
Lends Poitur, Easton. 
The Cape ,\lny Co. (V J.) Ag. hncii ty has elect¬ 
ed the lollOWitiK officers tor 1871: P/m—\\ M. 
DOOLITTLE, re-elected. Vlce-Prcft'#. Thud. Van 
Gjlmjr, li. Crawford, Jr.. Bob. IJirv more. Wtn. T. 
Bate, C. S. Magratn, See.—T. E. Vim Odder. 
Aunt,. See. F. H. Townsend. Ex. Own.-Upper 
Township, T. It. Gandy, Charles Powell; .Middle 
do., Wm. K. Smith. J- N. Tomlin; Dennis do., 
John Vow*. Amos Wheaton; Lower do., Joseph 
Cressoe, Daniel Schclliuger; Cape Inland, M , V. 
L, SWmun, Wm-Townsend. 'J he Annual 1-air 
will beheld at Scaville Station, on thoiiiband 
7th ot September next. 
Alton, Mndl«w» Co., 111.. Ilort. Roe. The offi¬ 
cers and committees of Hus Society, elected for 
the current your, are as follows: Pirn. H. J. 
FI y uk. ri<Y-Pm'L-I'. Stai r. O. I.. Hurler. Sec. 
E. A. ltiehl. TrtO*. E. Hollister. Librarian. 
\V. u h'lugg- SlawHmi Committee*,- Orvlitmls, 
B. F. Look; ViMiHWb, J. K. Starr; Orchard 
Fruits, A. Slurr ; Small Fruit*. D. Stewart; 
B'mm H. G. M’Pilte; Pcpefnblcs, O. L. Hurler; 
The Best Pear. 
The editor of Tilton’s Journal of Horti¬ 
culture, speaking of the puzzling question, 
“What is the best pear?” says: —“Now, 
there is one pear that seems to us to come 
nearer perfection than any other. We think 
that when we get ready to answer the ques¬ 
tion, ‘ What is the best pear ?’ we shall say, 
‘ Beurre d’Anjou. 1 ” 
The Clyde Apple in aiinsnarl. 
The Rural World says: — “This most 
beautiful of apples, although not quite new, 
is but little known among us, being very 
sparingly planted, the fruit is seldom seen. 
The tree is very large, healthy and hardy; 
naturally flue form, with good foliage but 
tardy in coming Into bearing. The fruit is 
very evenly distributed over the tree, and 
seems a very scanty crop till the time of 
gathering, when it fills up amazingly. There 
is some tendency in the fruit to drop from 
the tree in consequence of its great size.” 
The editor adds that Downing gives it a 
longer season than it lias in that State, and 
that so far it has not proved as productive 
as expected. 
PEARS AND PEAR CULTURE: 
F.winy Rend Before ike I’enn/iylvnnlft Fruit 
Urowol'ii’ Society, Jan, 19. 
BY E. SATTERTHWAITE 
[Concluded from page 188, March 25.] 
Winter l’ear*. 
We come now to Winter Pears. Not hav¬ 
ing paid as much attention to the ripening 
of these as 1 might have done, 1 do not. 
know of many that 1 consider worth notic¬ 
ing here. 
Jjameme —Without dispute, stands at the. 
head of the list of curly winter pears; and 
probably, taking all things into account, it is 
the most valuable of all pears. It. will not, 
however, often keep late, and sometimes be¬ 
gins to ripen in September. It lias done 
with me exceedingly well. 
Winter Nclis.—A good early winter pear; 
will not often keep late. 
Doyenne (VAlencon—fcry productive and 
sometimes very good. 
Vicar of Win kfield.— Very productive and 
valuable as a market pear for cooking; has 
never been anything more than this with 
me. 
Raster Beurre .—Sometimes very good, but 
does not generally ripen well. 
Gtou-morceaH. — Sometimes first rate but 
generally docs not do well. 
I have on trial a number of other winter 
pears that I have not yet sufficiently tested, 
but am in hopes that some of them may 
prove valuable. 
HOW TO GROW THE QUINCE. 
I occasionally read that to grow the 
quince, and cause it to bear good crops, it 
should be pruned to one single stem, and 
carefully thinned in the pruning of the top. 
Now such practice lias, in the course of my 
observation, resulted, nine times out of ten, 
in a complete failure, the borer destroying, ere 
the cultivator saw the single trunk, or blight 
gave its death blow. The quince being nut u- 
urally a hush, if so grown, and permitted to 
throw up three or four stems, crooked and 
irregular, with only a taking out or shorten¬ 
ing occasionally of cross shoots, for the first 
two or three years, it hears good crops, and 
needs no culture, after once established, ex¬ 
cept to permit the grass or weeds that sur¬ 
round it. to remain there and decay, and to 
dress annually, lightly, witli a quantity of salt. 
The twig blight and the stem blight are 
both enemies of the quince; hut no remedy 
have 1 ever found, except my knife, with 
which I cut, away the diseased parts as soon 
as seen. I have grown quinces for a crop, 
over thirty years, and was bred to their man¬ 
agement in my father’s grounds, and 1 have 
always found good results in the hush form, 
and fatal results, after a few years, when the 
grower attempted the single stem tree style. 
Frank Amon. 
arb ciitr 
The subject of onion culture is brought 
to my attention, particularly, by the follow¬ 
ing letter of inquiry, which I have lately 
received : 
Dear Sir:—I noticed an nrticlo Inst summer 
from your pen. in regard to the onion grub. I 
was troubled a good deal with this pest, and wish 
to know how you manage to rid yourself of It. 
I was troubled, a* others wore, too, with a good 
many scullions. these tin used for any good 
purpose? 1 hud not- over a third of a crop. WIII 
you plensc write how I may succeed in onion 
raising. My land Is good, &c., &c.—A mos Stan¬ 
ley, IMt-idcrc, 111. 
HEDGE WANTED. 
Which is the best for a hedge fence, 
Osage Orange or Hawthorn ? How shall 
I prepare the ground and set the plants? 
What is the best manner of raising a hedge 
fence? Where can plants be obtained?— 
Geo. Shaver, Lyons. 
Ik our correspondent bad not omitted to 
name the State in which lie lives, we might 
have given a positive and practical answer 
to his question. If he lives at Lyons, New 
York, then the Osage Orange will not ans¬ 
wer, because it would lie liable to kill down 
in winter, and Hawthorn is preferable ; but 
should liis location bo Lyons, Fayette Co., 
Texas, then the Osage Orange would be the 
very plant required, and the Hawthorn not 
worth planting, because it would burn up in 
summer, and probably be infested witli in¬ 
sects. But it would be useless for us to at¬ 
tempt to give an answer to these questions 
without first knowing in which one of the 
dozen villages by the same name, located in 
so many different States, our correspondent 
resides. If our readers desire positive ans¬ 
wers that will contain practical information 
relating to horticulture or agriculture, they 
must not omit to give the name of post- 
office and State from which they write. 
yV:Nr iqiNTOLISII -TOITsTTir/It. 
The response which is the advice this gen¬ 
tleman desires concerning the onion grub, 
(Anthomya ccparum,) is what onion growers 
in every section have as yet failed to fully 
discover. That is, a complete anniliilator of 
flic gruli is not yel known. The application 
of fresh, coarse stable manure, intermixed 
with stalks, straw, and such nnfennented 
and uiicompoBted manure, is no doubt more 
favorable to the grub. Some persons con¬ 
sider that bog-manure is bad, in any shape, 
for the onion. It is our experience that the 
older our manures and the better pulverized, 
the more prosperous are the results of their 
use with the onion. When the gl'uh makes 
its appearance, lime and ashes mixed with 
an equal quantity of salt, is the preparation 
usually resorted to for the remedy. The 
same grnb we find in Central and Western 
New York, in our cabbage plants * Bone 
dust, Hour, or superphosphate, poudrette, 
hen-manure and guano, as we use either of 
them for surface fertilizers, seem to annoy 
these grubs. These lurvte may be destroyed 
* The onion f?rub (an t hnnij/a rtparum) Is not tho 
siuiio us ttio onbbnco vrub. sltlinuKh boiong:lnp to 
thfl same conus, unit rosemblos It la It# Kensral okur- 
thrift. Where they can be sold for one dol¬ 
lar or ten shillings per bushel, there is a 
fair profit on labor and expeuse of the 
culture of onions. 
Newark, N. J. Galen Onderkirk. 
I shall not trespass further on your time 
iby extending this list, though I might have 
u»intioned many others that I consider well 
worthy of attention. A number of them 
Staving done better for me than the majority 
<<tf those on the lists generally recommended 
tfnr cultivation. Had I been writing a book 
iinstcad of only an essay, I should have 
treated this branch of my subject with more, 
minuteness and at greater length. Before 
concluding, however, 1 desire to reiterate 
that, it was not intended that the foregoing 
remarks should be taken for anything more 
than what they really are—the views and 
opinions of a single individual. In prepar¬ 
ing them I have consulted with no one and 
have looked into no books or authorities on 
the subject; had I done so, I could have 
compiled a treatise that would doubtless 
have been entitled to more weight and con¬ 
sideration. But I did not suppose that this 
was what was required of me. I understood 
my instructions to be, to give my views on 
the subject, and what 1 have done is em¬ 
phatically, at least so far as it goes, just this: 
*’ What I know about Pears,” and for that 
let it be taken. 
GARDEN NOTES, 
VcUch’s New Autumn Giant Cntiliflower 
Is praised by all the English journals as a 
most valuable acquisition. It. is quite dis¬ 
tinct, and valuable not only for its colossal 
proportions, but for its beautiful appearance 
on the table, and its excellent flavor. The 
heads remain perfectly solid, and of the 
purest white, until they attain the diameter 
of twelve inches For exhibition and mar¬ 
keting, it is pronounced A 1. 
New Garden Vejreluble*. 
At a recent meeting of Ohioans the York- 
sltirc Hero Pea was commended ; also Brill’s 
Sweet Corn as the best of seven varieties 
tested ; the White German Dwarf Wax 
Bean a decided acquisition, and the black 
variety was commended ; the Brazilian 
Sweet. Potato was pronounced excellent; 
also the Southern Queen ; the Bassano Beet 
I have seeds of the Paw-Paw, and would 
like to inquire how to plant and take care of 
them.—S. L. B., Belvidere ., III. 
Ip the seeds have been kept dry all winter, 
they will not he very likely to germinate, 
even if carefully planted this spring. The 
seeds should be planted soon after gathering, 
or be mixed with damp sand and buried in 
the earth, or kept in a cool cellar until spring. 
The common Paw-Paw ( Asimiiui triloba) 
of the Northern States, is a very handsome, 
small, ornamental as well as useful, tree, and 
should be more frequently seen hi cultiva¬ 
tion than it is at the present lime. Itisquite 
hardy in the latitude of New York city, and 
we know of a few quite large specimen trees 
a hundred miles north of this; but they sel¬ 
dom blossom or bear fruit. The Paw-Paw 
