PR OGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.” 
n 
Moore’s Rural New-Yorker, 
THE GREAT ILLUSTRATED 
D. D. T. MOORE, 
Conducting Editor and Proprietor. 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER 
A.iOOiatt Editors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D„ Cortland Village, N. Y., 
Eitirtut Tun Pk.kautmk.,t ok Sinner Uokbakokv. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Editor Of Tim DiraTUlVf f*r Daimv 
Col. S. D. HARRIS, Cleveland, Ohio, 
Thavki.iko C it.nrTTvtiTKO Eiutob. 
T. HART HYATT, San Francisco, 
CoKPUOroa ok hi* i'»cinr Slot* Dki aktmknt. 
CHAS. V. RILEY, St. Louis, Mo., 
Coonorrok ok thk E^towolooicai. Pkpartmrkt. 
MARY A. E. WAGER, 
Emron ok tiik Dommiic Economy Dkpahtmint. 
Torm*.-Only 91.50 per Volume of Hi numbers, 
or gill per year of a'l number*. To Clubs per Vol¬ 
ume: Five copies for $7 ; Seven, and one free to 
agent, for $‘.150; Ten, and one free, for $12.50. Per 
Year: Five copies for $14 ; Seven, nntl one free, for 
$19; Ten, and one free, for $25—only $2.5(1 per copy. 
The lowest Yearly rale to Canada Is $2.70, and $0.50 
to Europe. Drafts, P. O. Money Orders and Regis¬ 
tered Letters at our risk. 
Tito Kuml Now-Yorker Is aold by News Deal- 
ers generally. The Trade Is supplied by the New 
York News Co.. No. 8 Spruce St., Npw York. 
Advertistko.- Inside. 75 cents per line. Agate 
space; Outside, $1 per line, each insertion. For Ex¬ 
tra Display and Cuts, a price and a.-ball'. Special and 
Uusiness Notices, $1.50 and $2 a linn. No advertise¬ 
ment Inserted for less than $3. 
SATURDAY, JUNE 3, 1871. 
AMERICAN INST. FARMERS’ CLUB. 
Notes of Discussion, Extracts from Let¬ 
ters, Arc. 
The Commander of the Club was safely in liis 
seat when we entered the Club room Inst Tues¬ 
day. The routine of reading and commenting 
upon correspondence Imd commenced. Some of 
the handsomest and bravest men were absent; 
but accessions had been made to the corps of 
beautiful women who belong to this Rural 
Brigade of Beauty and Science. Latterly, how¬ 
ever, the sweet sisters do not “speak in meet¬ 
ing” as formerly. Whether it is because the 
subjects discussed are too profound for their 
finite minds, or too contempt ible, we cannot say; 
but we certainly know it is not because they 
cannot talk. We trust the Commander will cull 
for essay’s from them, that the public may know 
what they know about farming. Some of them 
we know to be successful “formefines." The 
first letter road invited 
Immigration to Louisiana.—K. A. Cross, Clin¬ 
ton, La., writes that the people of his section 
have long been anxious for an immigration of a 
good, industrious population, and with the t iew 
of bringing about this result, they have formed 
a bureau with authority to take the necessary 
steps. This plan is based on the fact that there 
is a large area of arable land, furnished with 
necessary accommodations for laborers and for 
stock, which is now not in use on account of the 
contraction of the labor resources of the coun¬ 
try. In order to utilize those lunds, which have 
been improved with no little expenditure, it is 
proposed to furnish Immigrants the use of land 
and houses one year gratuitously. In accepting 
this proposal, the immigrant would have the op¬ 
portunity of visiting theoounlry and giving it a 
fair trial before he makes a final determination 
ns to making permanent investments in the pur¬ 
chase of lands. If lie like the Country, he has 
furthermore the opportunity of solooting the 
most, desirable localities. He would thus be sub¬ 
ject to few of the hardships and difficulties gen¬ 
erally incident loAshnUgeof base. His arrange¬ 
ments can ho made in advance, through the bu¬ 
reau of Immigration, and when lie reaches his 
destination he will he received at the place es¬ 
tablished for the purpose, and scut out immedi¬ 
ately to the lands prepared for hint. 
Deep Plowing, Again—Growing out of some¬ 
thing contained in or suggested by Mr. Cross' 
letter, was another discussion on deep vs. shal¬ 
low plowing. The Commander referred to the 
deep plowing Horace or Chappnqtm Imd soon on 
the delta lands of Louisiana, where land is plow¬ 
ed by steam, and It is found the deeper the 
plowing tho better the crop. A learned Dr. 
Jarvm, who had probably read l’rof. BqueLOh 
on deep plowing, though not as carefully as he 
should, insisted t hat deep plowing is not, neces¬ 
sarily, nor ought it to be, inverting the soil. He 
recommended subsoiling. A Kansas or Colo¬ 
rado Wolf, who barks sharply and bites the 
threads of impracticable theorists without com¬ 
punction, said lie had seen the New Mexicans 
plow or scratch tho surface of their soil with 
a sharp pointed, though crooked stick, Just 
enough to secure soil to cover the seed, and 
then with tho help of Irrigation grow good crops. 
But along the base of the Rocky Mountains, on 
the alkali plains, where thesoil ispoornnd hard, 
and must be Irrigated in order to secure the 
growth of vegetation, be had tried Ihe experi¬ 
ment of growing trees, without favorable re¬ 
sults. But one planter dug a trench four feet 
deep and four feet wide, filled in the soil again, 
and planted treason it, and they grew and are 
thriving wonderfully. Nothing but that kind 
of deep plowing would enable them to grow in 
that locality without irrigation. His own ex¬ 
perience established in his mind the utility of 
deep plowing on most soils. 
How to Prevent Hobbits Gnawing Apple Trees 
In Winter has been agitating the mind and heart 
of W. A. Wise, Holden, Mo., who had suffered 
from the Araerienn hares. He wants to bo fore¬ 
armed, since he is forewarned, for the coming 
winter. The Professor of Foreign Marble, with 
his usual practical scientific sagacity, suggested 
that he keep them away from his orchard—fence 
them out. “ Pooh! pooh J” said Fuller : “you 
can’t do it.” Wolf had wrapped the bodies of 
his trees with straw and smeared it with tar and 
saved them. Smearing the bodies with fresh 
blood, protecting them with wire cloth, tin, and 
pruning the trees and scattering the freshly cut 
limbs on the snow as forage for the bares, were 
recommended. Mr. 1’uller'p old uncle on the 
prairies grows sweet, corn for the rabbits annu- 
; ally, and sets a few bundles, with the corn on 
the stalks, around throughout, the orchard, nnd 
I the hares will eat no trees as long as the corn 
' lasts. Prof. Squelch had seen hundreds of trees 
in Illinois protected by tying cornstalks about 
the bodies in the fall. The cornstalks are al¬ 
ways on band, easily gathered, easier put around 
the tree than straw, and last longer. 
When t<> Plant Concord Grape*.—Mr. IWise 
wants to know the beat time to plant the Con- 
I cord grape—in spring or full- Mr. Fuller said 
“either; plant two year-old vines.” 
White Worms Destroying Corn,— D. H. Ha- 
gbtt, Frederick Co., Md., asked how to save his 
corn front white worms. There are so many 
kinds of worms that are white, and they depre¬ 
date In so many different ways, It was necessary 
to know what white worm he meant, and ht* was 
requested to forward specimens. That is what 
every one should do who asks questions about 
Insects. 
Wliile v*. ned l lover.— John Cameron, Lan¬ 
caster, Pa., asks which contains the most nutri- 
[ meut—a ton of white or of red clover. No one 
knew, from actual experiment, hut the Judg¬ 
ment, of the members was that the white clover 
contained most. 
The Cause uf Smut.—Incidentally, this ques¬ 
tion was broached, when the Colorado Wolf 
said that it was a matter he had investigated a 
great deal and had experimented upon. He be¬ 
lieves one cause to be constitutional defect or 
weakness in the seed; or that it may be caused 
by damage to the plant from frost, excessive 
wet or drouth In the course of plant develop¬ 
ment— in other wordB, It Is defective fecunda¬ 
tion. Thinks all the acids and nostrums used to 
prevent smut have no other effect than to lloat 
off the faulty seed or kill t he germ of the same 
ao that it will not germinate; he lifts established 
the fact that propel’ stimulants ami culture will 
causo weakened seed to produce good wheat, 
free from smut, while the same seed sown with 
good seed and not stimulated, produced smutty 
wheat. Dr. Smith said Huxley attributed the 
cause of smut to a worm. Mr. Fuller said 
there were many causes. A worm might cause 
smut, by affecting the development of the plant; 
but some plants attacked by the joiut-worm 
produced good seed. To say that a worm was 
the causo ol alt smut was nonsense. For this 
fungus is produced in wheat when there are no 
worms. Mr. Wolf said blasted grains In corn 
and ergot in rye are produced by the same 
causes. 
Mom Id Pastures.—F. B. PALMER, Centrovillo, 
N. Y., writes that the farmers In that vicinity 
are mostly enguged in dairying.—" Many with 
myself have large pastures where the land is 
naturally good, but the grass is running out, and 
adark, green, mossy substance is taking its 
place. Can such land he economically reclaimed, 
and grass bo made to grow by any top dressing 
other than barnyard manure? If wo plow up 
such land and re-seed it, it will be all right again, 
but many pastures arc so situated that it would 
make much inconvenience to do so. If meu 
who have had experience in such matters, be¬ 
longing to your Club, can give us some good, 
practical advice we will be much obliged." In 
response the application of lime was recom¬ 
mended by several parties, but Col. Curtis 
said lime, nor barnyard manure, nor nny- 
thing rise short of plowiug would destroy I lie 
moss which was getung possession ot the pas¬ 
ture lauds; and then it would return and occu¬ 
py them after a few years. Such had been Dea¬ 
con Reade’s experience also. The Commander 
had put two tons of bone dust on three acres, 
overrun with moss, and grass grew thereafter 
without fail. Mr. Smith had a low-lying mead¬ 
ow covered with moss and unproductive of 
gross, which he first drained. Part of it he 
limed and the grass crop improved; another 
part was manured with like result; still another 
part was irrigated by turning on it the wash 
from the roadside. This succeeded best of all. 
Mr. Gregory recommended soot. Frofessor 
Squelch had restored mossy, unproductive 
meadows on stiff clayey loam soil by thorough¬ 
ly harrowing (in full or spring) with a sharp- 
toothed harrow, sowing on grass seed, applying 
plaster and ammoniaeal manure—horse manure. 
Gentlemen must not expect to exterminate moss 
forever any more than weeds, If you do not 
give the soil something else to do and something 
to do it with, it will grow only moss; and moss, 
even if plowed under, is not a manure, and a 
pretty good index of a soil Unit needs feeding. 
A nebi-liolder was exhibited by a Mr. Herki¬ 
mer that we thoughta cheap convenience—a lit¬ 
tle contrivanco costing 35 to 75 cents that can be 
screwed on to tbe dash of n carriage, tho seat, 
a plow handle, n hitching post, and the lines ora 
strap slipped In under n rubber roller of such 
6hape that if a team pull on the bit or halter it 
holds the lines fast. 
What Hedge to Plant.— Wilson Young, Pitts¬ 
burg, Pa., asks what hedge to plant beside a rail¬ 
way where the cinders from the engines set the 
fences on fire. He was advised to plant Honey 
Locust or Three-thovned Acacia. 
Slmll we Palm shingle- » asksL. L. Cummings, 
MunnsvHle, N. Y. Martin E. Thompson, whom 
the Commander indorsed ns an architectural au¬ 
thority, stated that it destroys shingle roofs to 
paint them, and urges people not to paint. The 
water backs up Under the shingles when painted, 
and they rot off much sooner than ir left alone. 
Dr. Scdppernono said that the best preparation 
for preserving roofs was to make a whitewash of 
lime, salt and the lye from wood ashes; heat 
it hot and soak the shingles in it before laying 
them. 
Hlusilng vs. Burning Books.—CtlAS. P. GlU- 
so», Plymouth, Vt., writes:- I have just finish¬ 
ed a six weeks' job on boulders, and 1 have to 
record that three men—two to strike and one to 
hold the drill—will blast more rocks in one day 
than twelve men can dispose of by burning, 
even if the wood is all delivered on the field; 
and wood at $3 per cord would take $10 worth 
to $1.50 powder. I have spent one-quarter of a 
day and burnt three-quarters of a cord of wood 
on one rock which five cents’ worth of powder 
would have blown to pieces. Therefore r can 
see but two advantages in burning:—First, when 
the rock is flint and so hard a drill will not hold; 
and, second, in some place where you do not 
wish the pieces to scatter. 
NOTES OF TRAVEL, 
This season is both early nnd late,—it was 
early in March and late in May. Coming east 
from Chicago on the 12th of May, I saw all 
through Northern Illinois and Indiana, men, 
women and children busy in the fields planting 
corn. The ground was very dry, and there was 
talk of a severe drouth. I beard talk of drouth 
in all Northern Ohio, which had stopped the 
growth of grass 1 h the pastures. In consequence 
of which the dairy cows had fallen off seriously 
in the flow or milk. 
Coming east from Ohio Into Western Now 
York, a week later, I heard more talk of drouth; 
the grass is short, but the season is two weeks 
later than in Northern Ohio. At. Lookport. the 
nurserymen were saying that unless there was 
rain soon there would lie a great destruction of 
their young stocks and seedlings. Speaking of 
Lockport— that Is a good region for orcharding 
nnd nursery business. The apple trees were Just 
fairly in bloom on the 30th of May, which puts 
the fruit out of the way of frost. 
Chief among the nurserymen are E. MOODY & 
Sons, who are cultivating throe hundred acres. 
Pears are a specialty with the Moodys, and the 
Bcurre de Anjou, dwarred, ts the variety most¬ 
ly In use, of which they have largo bearing 
orchards. They import pear seed literally by 
(lie ton, and arc alrnoBt thoonly American nurs¬ 
erymen who succeed in raising pear slocks from 
the seed. 
I. H. Bahoock makes a specialty of tho Salem 
grape, of which he has a large number of cut¬ 
tings in the ground. 
Mr. Hoag, another well known pomologlst of 
lioekport, lias a good farm, mostly in bearing 
apple Orchards and grape vineyards. Me Ims a 
great variety of grapes, and propagates largely 
by layers. 
In passing through Buffalo, I made an even¬ 
ing with Lewis F. Allen, the veteran of (lie 
peu and practice or rural literature and rural 
labor. Mr. Ai-lkn still resides at the old man¬ 
sion on Niagara River, near Black Rock, and 
though time and labor have grizzled and frosted 
his broad arid alLitudinmts head, and furrowed 
his face, he still continues Ills life-work, with a 
zest and Industry worthy to be copied by young¬ 
er men. 
I took a glance at Niagurn Falls, In passing, 
and such a change! notin the Falls, but in the 
hackmen. One can get off a train and go quietly 
to a hotel without being torn into six different 
pieces by six different hotel runners. Not a 
hotel runner Is allowed to leave his stand or 
speak a word, and the hackmen are put upon 
their good behavior. One nuisance Is abated, 
and there will be some comfort in visiting the 
Falls tills season. Also, Hie Erie Railway Co. 
run tram? direct to tho Falls, which is a matter 
of convenience and economy. 
Stopping off at Brock port-, I found Mr. John¬ 
ston. the ingenious Inventor of agricultural 
machinery, conjuring over a Binder attachment 
to his Reaper, which be lias almost got into shape 
for trial in the field, and we expect to be able 
to Jay the matter before the readers of the Ru¬ 
ral New-Yorker, in the course of the season. 
Meunwhile the Johnston Harvester Co. present 
some staple facte to our readers this week, in 
I their advertisement, to which the farmers would 
do well to give heed. Mr. Johnston is the in¬ 
ventor of thoj^Jl-knowu Johnston Self-Rake, 
which, uttiiched to liis King of Reapers, makes 
a royal implement for the harvest field.—s. d. h. 
»♦«-- 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
The Death of Col. J. M. Sherwood, formerly 
of Auburn, but latterly of Syracuse, is an¬ 
nounced—aged 77 years. Col. S. was President 
of the N. Y. State Agricultural Society in 1846, 
and for many years a prominent stock breeder, 
having at one time a large herd of Short-Horns, 
which, tf we remember lightly, were noted as 
milkers. He has not been actively prominent 
in agricultural matters later years, though re¬ 
taining a warm interest therein. 
The Poultry Convention May lO.— Our read¬ 
ers are aware that a Poultry Convention was 
called in this city. May 10, to revise the “ Ameri¬ 
can Standard of Excellence.” There were pres¬ 
ent Isaac Van Winkle and J. C. Sidell of New 
Jersey; Col. Weld, Thos. B. Kinosland, G. H. 
Leavitt, J. W. Hale, and A. M. Halstead of 
New York; S. J. Debtor, W. II. Pond, W, II. 
Lockwood, Gaius Finn and C. F. Crosby of 
Conn.; Philander Williams, W. f>. Herstine 
and- Wisner of Pa.; n. F. Felch of Muss. 
There may have been one or two others present, 
—not more. Alter many words relating to Hie 
authority of those who called the Convention to 
do so.it was decided to take up the American 
standard adopted last February and revise it. 
We notice that the Secretary writes the Coun¬ 
try Gentleman After a session of over twelve 
hours, the American Standard was approved and 
adopted by the Convention. The whole affair 
was certainly pleasing to every one, the best 
feeling prevailed, aud the opinions exchanged 
were from the best and most successful breed¬ 
ers in America.” Commenting on this note uf 
the Secretary, the Country Gentleman adds: 
"This, ns we understand ft, is to be taken as a 
final ratification of the Standard adopted in 
February, notwithstanding tho various protests 
said to have been submitted against ir.” By no 
means. The standard adopted in February was, 
in many respects, radically changed. It is proper 
to say, in tins connection, that some of the gen¬ 
tlemen named above vvero not present during 
this discussion and revision of the Standard. 
We have given the names of those present in 
order to show whom the Secretary regards " the 
best and most successful breeders in America." 
The Convention provided for the publication of 
the revised Standard of Excellence. 
I rations.—That many so-called portraits of 
Indmuual animals or fowls, come into the posses¬ 
sion of parties who misuse them to represent any¬ 
thing of which it may he desirable to publish an Il¬ 
lustration, those familiar with the various circulars 
and other publications of tho day are already aware. 
An Ohio correspondent writes, since our not ice of 
Lewis' People's Practical Poultry Book. May 4th, 
that ho had within n week received throe circulars 
containing the same out given on page 75 ot that 
work as a Wild Turkey, In «nre ot which It is made to 
appear as a “ life portrait nr our Holland Turkeys,” 
atm tn the other twoas ''life Portrait of the Mam¬ 
moth Uronze Turkey bred by-He justly 
remarks Hint such things tend to mislead the public, 
as well as to beget distrust in all Illustrations of the 
kind. Coutilru Gentlemen , May 25. 
Yes; within a week wo have received circu¬ 
lars from parties who may, or tnay not, have pur¬ 
chased electrotypes of our engravings from us, 
which show engravings of fowls that are por¬ 
traits, sketched for us from life by Hochstein, 
or Forbbs, but are, on these circulars, repre¬ 
sented as being the portraits of fowls bred by 
the parties issuing the same. And it is remark¬ 
able how nearly like Mr. Somebody’s fowls all 
the other Somebodys breed! We have no ob¬ 
jection to this sort of thing if no lies are told. 
If our engravings happen to be true portraits of 
fowls bred by a dozen breeders throughout the 
country, and they say so, no one is misled; but 
if they tell an untruth in so asserting, that is 
another matter. 
The Denton Harbor (Mich.) Vandal Caught.— 
We learn from the Jackson (Mich.) Patriot, that 
the party who girdled the Martin Green peach 
orchard ut Benton Harbor, last year five Mines, 
was caught repeating the operation recently. 
His name is William Cornell, a man employ¬ 
ed in a bakery at St. Joseph. It seems he loaned 
Green $l,5fti 6omo years ago; Green railed, 
and Cornell lost his money—the savings of a 
lifetime of hard labor. He fancied that the sale 
of the orchard by Green to Martin G. Hunter 
was a bogus transaction, and accordingly sought 
revenge for the loss of his money by girdling 
Hunter's trees planted by Green. Ho issafely 
in jail. 
-KK4- 
An English Agricultural Implement Mnnufnctnr- 
ing House, we see it announced, has established 
an agency in this country for tho sale of their 
goods, and we shall probably have opportunity 
to test onr American plows beside tho English 
in our plowing tournaments at Fairs. Certainly 
the English can learn us something about plow¬ 
ing; and it may be atmut plows and other im¬ 
plements. 
How to Improve the Flavor of Fruit.—Just now 
there is considerable talk in Borne quarters as to 
the kind of culture best adapted to improving 
Uieflavor of fruits; or whether tho flavor can 
be controlled by culture. A correspondent asks 
that there be a discussion in our columns on this 
subject. Yes, willingly, if any one who has im¬ 
proved the flavor or any fruit by culture will 
give his mode. 
-»H- 
Hoiiifthiiig for .’Nothing.—J, S. of Ohio, is in¬ 
formed that it is not a modern practice to give 
something for nothing; and t hat any person who 
advertises to do so ib probably telling an untruth 
nnd intending to deceive some one. We should 
advise you to lot such men alone. 
.-♦♦♦- 
BUSINESS INFORMATION. 
The Untied Stales Watch Company—an illus¬ 
tration and description of whose extensive 
manufactory, at Marion, N. J.. was given in a 
former number of the Rural New-Yorker— is 
an institution which we regard as worthy of an 
extra charter for Us good and timely works. 
We have used many of the Company’s Watches 
as premiums during the past six months, ami we 
believe they have given great satisfaction. To 
the managers, Messrs. Giles, Wales St Co., we 
are especially indebted for unusual promptness 
and courtesy in filling orders for gold and silver 
watciieg sent to Rural Agents In various parte 
of tho country. In their acknowledgments 
many of our friends have spoken in high terms 
of these watches, and the general testimony is 
that they are highly prized by the recipients. 
An Agent in Kent Co., Md., to whom we eentu 
watch writes: 
’* Permit mo to lender you many thunks for the 
exquisite pnvtent - h very next. Indeed decant, 
Wntoh—rocwlvrsd through your order, from Messrs. 
Giles, Wales A Co. 1 appreciate u, I assure you. 
It certainly evince* grain llbn-allty on your part to 
make so valuable a present for mv efforts in obtain¬ 
ing subscribers to your pr.in, the RUmal. I um confi¬ 
dent that t have liefer done anything that lias paid 
so largely for bo little exertion, My future efforts to 
increase llie eirculnlb'ii of tin; Rural will be made 
with renewed seal. Ill this vicinity the Rural is 
getting to be a household word, and Is appreciated 
as an entertaining member in many family circles.” 
The following handsome acknowledgment is 
from a brother editor, who is also a P. M. in 
Wyoming Co., N. Y.— Geo. A. Sanders of the 
Silver Lake Sun: 
"I received yesterday your$30Premium Watch for 
the Club or 40, and am somewhat disappointed In the 
thing. 1 receive subscriptions for a great many peri¬ 
odicals, but 1 never before aent for a premium, be¬ 
cause I don’t* banker ’ after $5 sewing machines.gal- 
vunized watches and ‘oroide’ jewelry. But. upon 
opening your Premium Jox, I wus surprised to tind u 
genuine chronometer, put tip In solid silver ca>e. 
Our Jeweler s»y# It Is as good a time-keeper hr he has 
in his store, and Is well worth the price. $80, With 
such inducements to Agents. U ts no wonder that tho 
•RURAL Brigade’ has become an overwhelming 
iirmv. I receive sample copies and clrcularsof many 
‘Cheap ' Agricultural and Family papers, nnd m these 
hard times people look at them on uccountof the low 
price; but almost invariably they conclude that none 
of them can fill the place Of tliu old RURAL.” 
— Under date of Feb. 15 an Agent in Central 
New York—H. H. Jarvis, P. M. of Cortland— 
thus acknowledges the reception of a United 
States Co.'s Watch: 
11 1 received a Valentine from D. D. T. M., yester¬ 
day, In the shape of a beautiful Watch, which is an¬ 
other convincing argument that MOuke will ‘till the 
bill'every time?’ 
-M4- 
The Winslow Barb Noll.—The manufacture 
of the Winslow Barb Nail was commenced in 
Cleveland, Ohio, during the year 1870, and so 
rapidly has itconic into favor that we have seen 
second orders from the Pacific States, while 
among alt the railroad men Of the country there 
is a constant scramble for it, so that the large 
new factory is taxed to its utmost to keep any¬ 
where near the orders that are coming in. This 
is just the nail for farmers, for any work that is 
exposed to the weather, like board fence, barn 
hoarding, shingles, Ac., &c. When the Barb Nail 
goes in it goes iu to stay; it will hold like a 
screw, and will not split the board in driving. 
Another economy of the Barb Nail is, that you 
get more imiia to the pound, for any particular 
kind of work, because a less size at this is equal 
to a larger size of the smooth nail. These nails 
are cut and headed in the usual manner, but 
with a peculiar shapedcatting tool, which leaves 
notches along the sides. They are made of all 
sizes. Mr. Winslow made a lucky hit iu the in¬ 
vention of the Burb Nail. See advertisement.— 
6. D. H. 
-♦♦♦- . 
Valuable Western New York Deal Estate at 
Auction.—Attention is directed to the announce¬ 
ment of a public sale, on the 28th inst., of the 
Howland Estate, situated in Cayuga Co., N. Y.— 
a tract of five thousand acres, which is to be 
sold in farms of fifty acres each. The location, 
soil nnd general characterist ics of this property, 
as described in the advertisement, lender it 
very desirable. It is, without doubt, one of the 
largest and most valuable tracts of purchasable 
land in the State of New York. The soil is very 
fertilennd the timbered portion valuable. Lying 
as it does within three miles of both the N. Y. 
Central Railroad and the E«e Canal, it is favor¬ 
ably located for marketing or shipping farm 
produce, lumber, etc. Those of our readers 
wishing to procure first-class farms, in a desirable 
locality, are referred to the advertisement for 
more particular information. 
THE SEASON, 
Muskegon, Mich., May 15 .— Fruit trees and 
plants of every kind are full of blossom buds, 
and the abundant bloom of the peach, pear and 
cherry trees has passed through the late frosts 
uninjured. There is now almost a certainty of a 
bountiful crop of all kinds of fruit here.— c. l. s. 
Lancaster, Fa., May 20.— We have nice weath¬ 
er now—rain once every week and then warm 
again, which makes all farm crops grow rapidly. 
Com two inches above ground; tobacco planted 
already; apples and peaches promise a fair crop; 
strawberries are ripe, and sell at 50e. per quart; 
corn is worth 70c, per bush.; wheat, $1,40(3)1.50; 
rye. $1; oats, 60c.; potatoes, $1.30® 1.50 .—j. o. k. 
Talon Depot, Sullivan t’o.. Term,, May 8.— 
Weather wet and cool for last ten days; light 
frost this morning. Tappahannoc wheat in 
bloom aud looking fine; oats and grass fine; 
corn growing slow, on account of wet nnd cool 
weather. Vegetables doing well. Peaches a 
full crop; but very few apples; wheat, $1.35® 
1.30; corn. 50c.; oats. 35c.; butter. 12*40.; eggs, 8c.; 
farm animals healthy and improving.— f. m. w. 
Duncan's Falls, O., May 22.— Weather w arm, 
the past few days, with mercury 90’ In the shade 
at noon and 50' in the morning. Corn is planted. 
Fruit will average about one-sevenths of a crop 
in Central Ohio. The prospects were never bet¬ 
ter for a heavy wheat crop. Oats look well. 
We have rain enough for Ihe growing crops, 
but not enough to raise the water in tho wells 
and creeks. Crops of all kinds look well.— j. c. n. 
Odell, Livingston <’o.. III., May 15.— We have 
had a splendid spring for work; blit for the last 
few days it has been very cold for the season. 
People are ready to plant corn, and hundredsqf 
machines are at work, planting from ten to 
fifteen acres eacti per day. Rye and winter 
wheat look well—never bettor. Grass and small 
grain backward. Fruit prospect, very poor. 
Times hard and money scarce because farmers 
have nothing to sell. —L. a. 
Cnroallix, Oregon, May ft.—Past winter ivns 
mild. Flowers bloomed in the open air all win¬ 
ter. Since April 1st very farorablo for spring 
work. Unusual amount of spring wheat and 
outs sown and farmers still sowing. Wheat, $1.15; 
wits, 55c.; barley, 75c.; hay, $10; butter, 25c.; 
cheese, 20e.; eggs, 18c.; cows, $40®*50; horses, $80 
fir 120; farms from $8 to $25 per acre. The cli¬ 
mate of Oregon is surely one of the most salu¬ 
brious in t lie world, being constantly fanned by 
the mountain or sea breeze, the former in the 
forenoon and the latter iu the afternoon. I think 
it more pleasant living in this bracing atmos¬ 
phere than in tho sultry South or boisterous nnd 
stormy prairie States.—li. m. 
Clyde, Sandusky Co., O., May 18.—Tho spring, 
thus far, has been cold, with frequent frosts, 
which have done some damage to small fruits. 
On the low lands peaches and apples have suf¬ 
fered considerably. Wheat looks well; coru 
nearly all planted, but too cold Hud dry to come 
up well. The " Potato Bug” is urnund, and pays 
strict attention to the young plants, and unless 
“strict attention" is paid to him. potatoes will 
be scarce here this fall. Young iambs have suf¬ 
fered from the cold weather, aud the flocks are 
rather on the decrease. Many farmers are sell¬ 
ing tbelr sheep and going into the dairy busi¬ 
ness, but, I had rather risk the sheep. On the 
whole, prospects are not very flattering for 
farmers, ir you except the lato rise in wool. 
—A. L. O. 
Milton Go., tin., Mny 17. —Rains, cold and 
heavy, have continued up to tliis time. Cotton 
that was planted in good time and came up, lias 
died out. Many lire plowing up the cotton and 
planting corn. I have traveled over Northern 
Georgia, Northern and Central Alabama (about 
800 miles) the last three weeks, and do not re¬ 
member having seen or heard of such destruc¬ 
tion from fre-lieis. Wheat is badly injured, nnd 
cannot be one-third of a crop, cveu with favor- 
aide wenllier in the future. Fine prospect fora 
large pencil crop. Apple trees failed to bloom. 
Old cotton pretty well out of the country. It 
lias advanced in price to 14c. at Atlanta, with 
good demand and little offering. Manufacturers 
of cotton goods in the country have been, and 
are now, compelled to draw their raw material 
from the railroad cities. Fine opening in this 
neighborhood for men of capital who would like 
to engage iu the canning of peaches. They can 
be engaged here at 50o. per bushel,—a. J. c. 
-» 
INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES. 
Colorado Ag, Sou. —The following is a list of 
officers for the coining year: Pres. — H. 11. 
BHARL’K. Sec.- Fred. A. Clifton. Tims. -Frank 
Palmer. Ex. Com. W. N. Byers, Geo.T. Clarke, 
Joseph K. Bates, J. H. Morrison, J. M. Vensoy, 
Hr G. Bond. At. Hie hist meeting of the Execu¬ 
tive Committed, held at the Secretary’s office, 
April 21st, tho next Annual Fair was fixed for 
flic 12th of September, extending to the 18th, 
inclusive. 
Northern Wisconsin Ag. Soe. — The annual 
meeting of the Northern Wisconsin Agricultu¬ 
ral amt Mechanics’ Association was held in Osh¬ 
kosh, May 3. Officers were elected as follows: 
Pres.—Hon. A. M. Skeels of Ripon, with one 
Vice-President from each of the fourteen coun¬ 
ties in Northern Wisconsin. .Sec.—K. I). Turney 
of Oshkosh. Trcas. James A. Jones of Win¬ 
chester. The next Fair will be held in Oshkosh. 
The (’Men gn-Colo ratio Colony elected the fol¬ 
lowing officers ai Longmont, Col., May 3, 1871: 
Pres. Seth Terry. Vice-Pres.- D. S. Barnes. 
Nee.—F. Oarbutt. Treat .—John Townly. Ex. 
Com .—Joseph Mum-ford, E. J.Coffman, William 
Gross of Chicago, Geo. 8. Bowen of Chicago, and 
Rlonzt Streeter. Auit. Com.-C. Buckingham, 
Chancy Stokes and John H. Bartlett. 
The Wisconsin Editors and Publishers’ Aw’n 
holds its fifteenth annual convention ut Green 
Bay, Wis., June 20. The annual address will be 
delivered by S. I). Carpenter, Esq., of Madison, 
and Hon. H. B. I’hilloo of Grand Rapids will 
read a poem. Miss Churchill of Milwaukee, will, 
heal tli permitting, stlso prepare a poem. 
Premiums nu Farm Wagons ond Plows.— 
Messrs, Pierce and Whaling of Milwaukee offer 
the following liberal premiums to be. awarded 
at tbe Wisconsin State Fair, at .Milwaukee the 
last week in September:—For best farm wagon, 
$50; second best. $25. For best steel crossing 
plow, $50; second best, $25. 
The Thorn Hill <N. Y.) Farmers’ Club will hold 
its Ninth Annual Fair at Thorn Hill, N. Y.i 
Juno 22. 
BUSINESS NOTICES. 
PRESERVE YOUR HARNESS, 
by using tlie celebrated Vacuum Oil Blacking freely 
upon it. Applied to Boots, it will render the Hardest 
Leather soft as New, besides making them water¬ 
proof. All enterprising Harness Makers aud Dealer- 
keep it, or Will order it for you, from Vacuum Oil 
Company, Rochester, N. Y. 
