jmnwprSIfrMS 
la yjSni u*”.*),, 1 *" 
rnnhniMf ^ aj.iwi 
St., iVnw York 
(93.00 PER YEAR. 
TERMS • ") fciiigU; iNo., Ei^lil C't 
1L.XXIY. NO. 15. 
FOR TOE WEEK ENOING SATURDAY, OCTOBER U, 1871. 
NEW YORK CITY AND ROCHESTER, N. Y, 
[Entered according to Act of Confess, in the year 1871. by D. P. T. MOORE. in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.!_ 
co 
jJonurlogrcal. 
A NEW NECTARINE. 
leas. The olive tree 
is easily propagated 
from cuttings, layers 
or shorts, or by ingraft¬ 
ing into the root. It 
begins to bear in about 
The inclosed fruit are seedlings from the six years, but docs not 
common pencil. Do yon think they are a produce abundantly 
new variety? Please answer.—J. Davis, until it is ten or twelve 
Montague , Mich. years old. When ma- 
Tms is but another of the many instances tui ed. Is larger titan the 
on record of nectarines being produced from largest apple, tree, 
the seed of peaches. Of course it would be “The oldest trees on 
a difficult matter to decide which form is Cumberland Island 
the original one—peach or nectarine; but were planted by Mrs. 
we know that they arc both the same spe- Greene, the widow 
cies, and may produce either the one or the of Gen. Nathaniel 
other from the same seed ; that is, a peach Greene, in 171)3, and 
stone may produce a nectarine tree or a nec- they are still line, vig- 
turiue seed a peach tree. Of course If the orons trees, and may 
specimens received were produced on a tree live a century longer, 
grown from a peach seed they are new, al- They are not subject 
though t Ue variety may resemble older sorts, to the devastations of 
It is certainly good enough to have a name, the insect which has 
nnd we take the liberty of calling it the seriously injured the 
“ Davis.” We also give an illustration, nat- orange trees in South* 
ural size, of a portion of the cluster received, ern Georgia nnd in 
Fruit of medium size ; roundish, inclining Florida for 30 years 
to oval; slightly swollen on one side of I lie past. Airs. Greene 
suture. Bkiu while, with a dark red cheek commenced the culti- 
on exposed specimens; others nearly white, vation ol the olive on 
Flesh pule greenish white, Juicy and rich, Cumberland Island at 
but with a slight nstringency, although Ibis the special recommen- 
muy be owing to the early gathering of those dalion of Mr. JEFEEri¬ 
sen I- us ; stone, oval, rough. Freestone, and son." 
a very promising variety. --*♦*- 
to the devastations of 
the insect which baa 
seriously injured the 
orange trees in South¬ 
ern Georgia nnd in 
Florida for 30 years 
past. Airs. Greene 
commenced the culti¬ 
vation of the olive on 
Cumberland Island at 
the special recommen¬ 
dation of Air. Jeffer- 
OULTURE OF OLIVES IN GEORGIA. 
P0M0L0GI0AL 
GOSSIP. 
P. AI. Nightingale, Brunswick, Ga., Enriy QuceuiugApple, 
writes the Department of Agriculture as Dr. Stay man of 
follows:—“I have successfully cultivated Kansas describes this 
the olive on Cumberland Island, my former fruit in the Pomologist 
place of residence, and before the war I and Gardener as fol 
made a very superior quality of sweet oil, lows Fruit medium ; 
pronounced by very good judges to be quite weight six to eight, 
equal, if not superior, to the host that lias ounces; form rpnml, 
been imported. The olive grows with little slightly conic, a little 
care and great rapidity on Cumberland Isl- flattened, regular; alt lit 
and, and it is the impression of all who have rich, yellow, splashed 
seen the grove on that island, that the trees and striped with red- 
compare very favorably in point of size with dish purple ; dots few, 
those in Europe. They bear nearly every small, scattered, gray; 
year, and produce two to three Imshcls of stem medium, rather 
fruit to the tree. Each bushel of olives will stout; cavity wide, 
yield one to two gallons of oil, deep, green, wavy ; 
“ I also succeeded in pickling the olives, closed; Imsin narrow 
hut not to my entire satisfaction. This pro- core slightly open, i 
cess is more difficult, and requires more wide open; seeds sum 
cure and judgment than extracting and pro- flesh yellowish, tendc 
paring the oil. The Iruil must he in exactly quince Ilayor, mild aci 
SHED I MANURE SHED 
I__ w O . w_ * o 
deep, green, wavy; eye small, nearly 
closed; Imsin narrow, shallow, furrowed; 
core slightly open, medium size; carpels 
wide open ; seeds small, ovale, dark brown ; 
flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, very spicy, 
quince Ilayor, mild acid ; quality very good ; 
California Raisins. 
F. G. Jeffers, Vi¬ 
salia, Tulare Co., Cal., 
has been manufactur¬ 
ing raisins from the fol¬ 
lowing grapes:—Rose 
of Peru, Muscat of 
Alexandria and Filter 
Zagos. These raisins 
are pronounced by 
good judges excellent. 
Air. Jeffers makes 
the following state¬ 
ment concerning this 
product: — "I gather 
and spread on scaf¬ 
folds in the sun, about 
the middle of Septem¬ 
ber, after they are 
partly dry, I put loose¬ 
ly in large boxes under 
cover to finish drying; 
in about six weeks 
they are dry enough 
to box. The Rose of 
Peru averaged this 
year about 40 pounds 
to the vine; it took 
three pounds of green 
grapes to make one of 
dry. The Filter Zagos 
averaged twenty - five 
pounds to the vine, 
and it took three 
pounds to make one 
of dry. The Muscat of 
Alexandria averaged 
ten pounds to the 
vine, and look only 
two pounds to make 
one of dry. The vines 
are seven years old, 
and have brought 
grapes the last four 
years. Our soil is a 
light, sandy one, and 
slightly impregnated 
with alkali. I have 
not irrigated my vines 
since they were two 
years old.” 
as large as the main cluster. The berries 
were not quite ripe, but near enough so for 
us to determine the quality, which we con¬ 
sider as passably good, but not up to the 
Delaware and a few other sorts that might 
be named. This new grape may, however, 
possess other merits besides quality that will 
make it very valuable for localities where 
some of the more delicate and superior fla¬ 
vored sorts do not thrive. 
R ilHNin li 
Silirriun AimiIcm. 
8 STALLS 
28XJ2 
amr 
I . T 
0 STALLS 
jax 2 S 
ALLE/ 13X2.3 
g///>.■//!/ i r 
SHOOT 
f 2X20 
ROAD 
Plan of Basement of Uld Barn Improved. — (See page 235.) 
the right state for pickling. If that stage is 
passed, the pickles, though very nice at first, 
will not keep. If, on the contrary, the fruit 
is gathered for this process before it is sulli- 
eiently matured, it becomes hard and taste- 
use, table, kitchen, market; season, July 
15 to August. 15. 
Tree healthy, medium grower, spreading, 
early bearer, productive. This we consider 
the best early apple we have, coming soon 
XN. NEW NECTARINE. 
after the Early Harvest, when we have r.o 
other apple of equal quality for all purposes. 
This must not he confounded with the Sum¬ 
mer Queen, which is a. very inferior apple 
and defective tree, compared with the Early 
Queening. We procured it of 1 >r. Waring, 
Tyrone, Pennsylvania, some twelve years 
ago, and do not know its origin. Thi3 will 
no doubt, prove a valuable addition to our 
list, of early summer apples, and should he 
extensively tried, particularly in the locality 
of Kansas. 
Black’s Early Pencil, 
Du. Stayman of Kansas describes as: 
. Fruit largo; form round, with a slight 
j point; suture distinct, shallow all around; 
! color, clear rose pink, shaded maroon and 
slightly mottled with light yellow, very 
handsome; flesh stained red to the seed, to 
which it slightly adheres; juicy, tender, 
with rich sub-acid; excellent. Stone 
small, short, light red; quality the very 
best; season, July the 4th to the 15th. Tree 
good grower, hardy and productive. An 
accidental seedling found amongst a lot of 
trees set out. on our farm, 1867. 
This is the earliest peach we are acquainted 
with, ripening this season before the 4th of 
July, being from ten to twelve (lays before 
llnles Early , aud it is of larger size and bet¬ 
ter quality. 
Its extreme earlincss, great beauty and 
fine quality will always make it command 
the very highesl price in the market. 
We have sold lour limes as many of it as 
Early York, and at double (he price at the 
same time, 14th of July, this season. 
Ellwnmrcr & Barry's 
N». I!l Grape. 
A few days since 
we received a splendid specimen of Ell- 
wanger & Barry’s new seedling grape, 
No. 19. We saw this grape last year, and 
at that time thought it gave promise of 
Dr. C. Andrews, Marengo, HI., compar¬ 
ing the Russian with the Siberian apples as 
they have been tested in this country, says: 
“ All the Russian apples have not proved 
hardy. None but the Ohlenbuvgh has stood 
the test as far north as St. Paul for any con¬ 
siderable number of years, and some of the 
most experienced nurserymen of that, vicin¬ 
ity do not regard even that ns wholly relia¬ 
ble there.” On the contrary, lie thinks all 
evidence goes to show the perfect hardiness 
of the Siberian family. Hundreds of new 
seedlings of this species arc constantly com¬ 
ing into fruit, some of them extreme late 
keepers, and all accounts report them en¬ 
tirely hardy as far north as they have been 
tried.” 
Fnl lawn tel* Apple. 
W. G. Rouse asks for a description of the 
Fallawater apple — size, shape and color, 
and whether it is sweet or sour. The fruit 
is very large, globular, inclining to conic. 
Skin yellowish green, shaded with dull red 
and sprinkled with largo gray dots. Slalks 
very short, inserted in a deep cavity. Calyx 
small and closed, set. In a slightly plaited 
basin. Flesh greenish white, juicy, crisp, 
rather tender, pleasant sub-acid flavor. Sea¬ 
son November and February. 
Cirtmi'H’ (Gil.lcn I’ippiu. 
James Crawford, Augusta, Carroll Co., 
O., lias a hearing orchard of over five hun¬ 
dred trees, embracing about one hundred 
varieties, and lie places Grimes’ Golden at 
the head of the list in point of hardiness, 
fairness of fruit, uniform hearing aud supe¬ 
rior quality, and adds that, it lias not failed 
to give him annually, for sixteen years, a 
crop of fair ami good sized fruit. 
Howes’ Virginia C'rnli. 
A CORRESPONDENT asks for a description 
of this apple. Downing describes the fruit 
as quite small, about an inch and a halt in 
diameter, nearly round, with skin dull red, 
an Old Barn Improved—Elevation.—(8ek page 335.) 
excellence, although the bunches were dotted with white specks and ohsomely 
small and the flavor of the berries was streaked with greenish yellow. . Stalk long 
a little too much on the native foxy or- and slender. Flesh fibrous, with an acid, 
dcr to bo classed as first-rate. The bunch rough and astringent flavor, and wlieu giound 
received this season is remarkable for size the juice runs clear and limpid from the press 
aud compactness, the shoulder being almost aud ferments very slowly. 
WHOLE NO. 1133. 
omcE3: 
Unit* l 9 i( t UoclifMitT. 
