(83.00 PElt YEAR. 
•*"*►* • i .Single No., Eight Cents. 
NEW YORK CITY AND ROCHESTER, N. Y, 
15 Ileelimnn St., New York. 
OFFICES . j gjj ||,iti a | (> tji., Rochester. 
YOL.XXIY. NO. 21. 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOYEMBER 25,1871. 
WHOLE NO. 1130. 
[Entered according to Act of Congress. In the year 1871, by D. I). T. Moouk, in the office of the Librarian of Congress. at Washington.! 
1 
be Saturdisi 
THE TAPIR 
tinction ; but no such differ¬ 
ences are known, and we must, 
patiently wait for further in¬ 
formation regarding the hab¬ 
its of these creatures before 
this remarkable circumstance 
The Zoological Gardens, London, Eng., can be explained, 
has recently received the first specimen of a The animal figured in the 
species of Tapir, au illustration of which is engraving is a species com- 
herewith given. But little is known about panilively new to science. It 
these Tapirs. Their shyness, combined has been named, m honor of 
with their aquatic habits and their residence a distinguished American zo- 
in the rivers of sparsely populated tropical ologist, Baird’s tapir. Tlio 
countries, removes them from the sphere of species is found in the neigh- 
ordinary observation ; and even when enter- boihood of 1 anama. Pi< - 
prising naturalists have proceeded in search viotmly to the acquisition of 
of them to their native haunts, they have this individual the species was 
been generally disappointed in their desires known only by a skull in the 
of discovering any fresh facts respecting Museum of the College of 
their natural history. Even the number of Burgeons, a skin in the Bi'it- 
spocies that exist, is not known with any ish Museum, and a young aui- 
degree of certainty. uml * n 8 P iriu at Ynle Colle S e - 
Naturalists Bates and Wallace, who The animal figured was 
spent so many years of their lives exploring only partially grown, being 
the fauna of t he great South American con- the weight of a middle-sized 
tinent, had scarcely any opportunities of pig. The hulk of the mature 
studying the habits and instincts of these animal may be inferred from 
journals. Mr. Wallace informs us that the ‘'tin fact that the head alone 
ordinary Tapir is found distributed very lias been found to weigh no 
widely over the whole of the district of the less than 82 pounds. The 
Amazon valley, but that it is not anywhere color of the young is bright 
abundant. Its food consists of leaves and reddish brown, the head being 
fruits of various kinds, and at times it does darker on the upper part; the 
great damage to the cultivated grounds of lips, margin of the ears and 
lhe Indians. end of the flexible trunk are 
The flesh of the animal is very good eat- white, the naked skin of the 
jug, and by the natives, strangely enough, it nostrils being black. In a 
is regarded as a remedy for the ague. It is very young condition the nose 
slain by them in a very primitive manner, and cheeks have longitudinal 
When a feeding place is discovered, a stage white stripes. At the period of 
some eight or nine feet high is built between life at which the young in the 
the trunks of the trees. On t his stage the Gardens was figured the side 
hunter, with his musket or how and arrow, were covered with longitud 
takes his station. The Tapir is exceedingly white stripes, about ten in nun 
less than 82 pounds. Tim 
color of the young is bright 
reddish brown, the head being 
darker on the upper part; the 
lips, margin of the ears and 
end of the flexible trunk are 
white, the naked skin of the 
nostrils being black. In a 
very young condition the nose 
and checks have longitudinal 
w hite stripes. At the period of 
life at which the young in the 
some Vlght or ninehigh is built between life at which the young in the GARDEN PLAN-SCALE 16 FEET TO THE INCH.- (See Page 333., 
the trunks of the trees. On this stage the Gardens was figured the sides of the body Baird's Tapir having a bony division he- ring to hole 
hunter with his musket or bow and arrow, were covered with longitudinal yellowish tweeu the nostrils; hence it lias been made of the eye. 
takes his station. The Tapir is exceedingly white stripes, about ten in number, the under the type of a new genus, which rejoices in wk 
shy and timid, and steps as lightly as a cat, parts being yellowish gray. The legs are the euphonious name of Elamognathue. The eyes 
and the rustling of the leaves of the forest is darker than the body, and arc spotted regu- In the drawing the artist has caught very such as gh 
the only indication of its approach. As the larly with white. The mature animal is very accurately the expression of the animal; the color. Tin 
slightest sound or smell alarms the animal, similar to the common Brazilian Tapir, hut long, flexible snout, almost amounting to a go as to ma 
the Indian often lias to lie as still as death is readily distinguished from it by having proboscis, is shown upturned in the smaller the hollows 
for hours until the animal approaches suffl- hay cheeks and white chest. There is some figure. This organ is employed in gathering wick, and l 
ciently near to he shot. The sport, as may difference in the structure of tin skull, its food, and is found on dissection to he fur- ity of the f 
_ c uislied with a number of dis- 
tinct muscular hands, which 
jjj r enable it to lie moved in any 
A'tgfi required direction. 
- 
s j TAXIDERMY—NO. HI. 
\r Mnkiuff Ey<-» for Birds aiwl 
J 0 Quadruped*. 
/\ fl Since commencing this se- 
J \ riesof articles I have received 
A \ several inquiries from the 
\ jj \ readers of the Rural New- 
Yokkek, asking for infnrma- 
tion ns to where eyes of birds 
/\\f: and quadrupeds could lie pro- 
Jy, cured or how to make them. 
~X\ 1 can give no new directions 
/ \ \ how they are made other than 
—[-j— that given in the “ English 
-"-L I i Taxidermist’s Manual” and 
Jx'a Werner's mode. I do not 
know where they can he pur* 
) chased, but suppose they may 
he procured in any of our 
7 ^~]—^ large cities, and am of opin- 
J I ion they can be Obtained at ] 
V/ / a much less price than they 
"N, / can he made. Still, for the 
r) / information of those desirous 
pfAa? of trying the experiment, 1 
/ herewith give what light and 
l l7 directions I have at hand and 
9 o 31 can gather upon the subject. 
The Implement* to be U*ed. 
a :’; The implements to he used 
if: in making large colored eyes, 
■tj of birds or quadrupeds, are a 
X glass-blower's table lamp and 
bellows, round pincers, six 
i Page 333.) j nc h ca j n length, closed by a 
ring to hold the wire forming the support, 
of the eye. 
YVlinUtlic Eye* are Made of. 
The eyes are made from cylinders of glass, 
such as glass-blowerB use, of the required 
color. The wick of the lamp is spread out 
so as to make or procure a clear , blue flame, 
the bellows is directed to the middle of the 
wick, and the cylinder applied to the extrem¬ 
ity of the flame: when u portion is melted 
apply a piece of small iron wire to the levi¬ 
ed ghiss of the color you wish the eve. 
Take the quantity necessary for the size of 
the eye, turn it in the flame and it will form 
a globe. After it becomes round a speck of 
black glass is placed on the center to form 
the pupil. Expose it again to the flame and 
when properly blended take a glass cylinder 
and put enough clear, transparent glass to 
cover the whole. Apply it to the flame, 
keep it burning till it is melted and forms a 
perfect globe, when it should he allowed to 
cool slowly, and the process is finished. 
Tn ninko Black Gins* Eye*. 
The black gluss eyes which most small 
birds and quadrupeds require are easily 
made. Procure a jeweler’s blow-pipe, a 
lamp with one-half inch tube for the wick, 
filled with good sperm oil, and get ft piece 
of charcoal tha t you can conveniently hold 
ill your hand, scoop out a small round hole, 
and with nn awl bore a hole through 'ho 
center of it. Procure some small black 
glass heads and a piece of iron witxj four 
inches long, one end of which file to a tfharp 
point. Then lay four or five beads in the 
hollow of the charcoal and apply the blow¬ 
pipe to the flame of the lamp, holding it 
back a little at first or the full heat of the 
flame will snap them. In a few seconds 
they will unite and form a round globe; 
keep your eye steadily on while melting, to 
discover any air-bladders—and if so, con¬ 
tinue the beat ; it will expand the air and 
burst the glass, which will again assume i's 
globular form. In an instant take up your 
pointed wire and insert it ni the globe. 
When cooled a little, put the other end of 
the wire through the hole In the charcoal, 
hut keep the glass from touching it. Agniu 
apply the heat, carefully at. first, then bring 
it. near the end of the flame, and in a short 
time it will be completed. But should you 
discover any particles of charcoal taken up 
by inserting the wire, keep it In the flame a 
little longer, and they will disappear. When 
cool, cut the wire, leaving the eighth of an 
inch on the eye. Use more heads for larger 
eyes, and with a little practice you can make 
any size eyes required. 
In my next I shall give the manner of 
skinning, stuffing and 
mounting quadrupeds. 
J. Bjiace. 
lay an Peninsula ami Su¬ 
matra. There are, how¬ 
ever, several structural 
differences, proving the 
specific distinctness of 
the two groups. As is 
the rule in all herbiv¬ 
orous animals, the di¬ 
gestive canal is of great 
length; but there is a 
striking and entirely 
unexplained difference 
between the Oriental 
and the Western ani¬ 
mals. The total length 
of the intestinal canal 
of the common Ameri¬ 
can Tapir is upwards 
of fifty-five feet; hut 
that of the Sumatran 
species is no less than 
ninety feet in length. 
It might he imagined 
that some such circum¬ 
stance ns the less nutri¬ 
tive value of the food, 
or some essential differ¬ 
ence in habits or mode 
of life, would have 
caused this striking dis- 
IB.A.rRZD’S TAPIR, .A.3 SEEN I3ST ZOOLOGICAL GkAJtTDEISrS, LOXsTIDOINr, 
NOTES AND QUERIES 
Din n use me nt of GoliJ 
Fluli. 
J. B. inquires how to 
manage gold fish. Feed 
them very little. A few 
crumbs a week will do. 
In winter they need 
hardly any. Corn meal 
or crackers are much 
hotter for them than 
bread, as bread contains 
salt. Corn meal is even 
preferable to crackers. 
They need light, though 
the rays of the sun will 
injure them. 1 have no¬ 
ticed that whom I put 
leaves in the water lhe 
fish appeared stupid. 
The water should he 
changed every day in 
summer and twery two 
or three days in winter. 
—D. K. R. 
Mau agent put ol Canavy 
Bird*. 
Can any of the read- 
era of the Rural New- 
Yorker give me infor¬ 
mation on the manage¬ 
ment, reaving and care 
of canary birds ? Eggs 
seldom hatch, and I do 
not know why.— h. m. 
