I 20 
PARROTS. 
the first group, as represented by the blue-winged parrotlet (Psittacula pctsserina) 
the rump is ultramarine blue; in the second (P. speugeli ) it is turquoise; and in 
the third ( P.guianen- 
sis ) green. We may 
remark here that the 
reader will scarcely 
fail to notice what a 
number of members 
of the parrot tribe 
are restricted to the 
Southern Hemisphere, 
where they are es¬ 
pecially numerous in 
South America, Aus¬ 
tralia, and the Papuan 
Islands. This has 
been taken to indicate 
that these birds con¬ 
stitute an originally 
southern group, al¬ 
though it is much 
more probable that they were primarily developed in the Northern Hemisphere. 
Ail-Green Our last example of the subfamily is the all-green or tirika 
Parraquet. parraquet (Brotogerys tirica), representing a genus with several 
species, distinguished by the long tail, the somewhat compressed form of the 
beak, in which the nostrils open in a completely naked cere, and the absence of 
a tufted oil-gland. The species figured on the opposite page is the largest of the 
genus, measuring 10 inches in total length, whereas some of the others are less than 
7. It takes its name from the all-pervading green of the plumage, to which the 
only exceptions are the blue primaries and primary coverts, a slight tinge of olive- 
brown on the lesser upper wing-coverts, and of blue on the middle tail-feathers. 
This species is an inhabitant of Eastern Brazil; the range of the genus extending 
from that country, Peru and Bolivia, to Central America. In Eastern Brazil the 
tirika is one of the commonest of the parrot tribe, associating in countless flocks, 
which may be seen flying from grove to grove, or descending to ravage the rice and 
maize fields. Their cry is a short, sharp, clear scream. In captivity these 
parraquets thrive well. 
BLUE-WINGED PARROTLET. 
Blunt-Tailed Green Parrots. 
Subfamily Pioxlve. 
The familiar Amazon parrots are among the best known representatives of a 
large subfamily, containing several American genera and also a single African one. 
All these parrots are distinguished from the members of the preceding subfamily 
by their broad and short or moderate tails, which are never of the acuminate and 
