teen years of age before he conceived the idea of 
learning a foreign language. Out of the scanty 
pittance of his weekly earnings as a carpenter, 
he purchased a book, and when this was road 
lie exchanged it for another, and thus ho ad* 
vancod in knowledge. Ho had not even the 
privilege of balancing between reading and re¬ 
laxation, hut was obliged to pflflfl directly from 
bodily fatigue to mental exertion. During the 
six years previous to hi# twenty-fifth year, lie 
omitted none of the hours usually appropriated 
to manual labor, and he retired to rest regularly 
THE POPES 
The following is from a Vienna (Catholic) 
paper:-Erom 8t. Peter (In supposing that he 
ever was nt Rome) to Pin - IX. there have been 
207 Pope*, including 24 anti-Pope* aiul J female 
Pontiff; 19 of them left Rome and 30 reigned in 
foreign countries; 8 ruled ft month only; 40 one 
year; 22 two years; 54 live; 51 fifteen; 18 twenty, 
and 0 only for a longer period. Among the 297, 
31 were declared usurers and heretics, out of 
the 260 legitimate, 64 died of a violent death 
GEMS OF WISDOM 
DEATH OF LOUIS NAPOLEON 
Those who show the most pity give, usually, 
the least help. 
True liberty consists in t ho privilege of enjoy¬ 
ing our own rights, not. in the destruction of the 
rights of others. 
Strong minds, liko hardy evergreens, are 
most vordant In Winter, 
when feeble ones, like ten¬ 
der Summer plants, are 
leafloss. 
Govern gently. Govern 
tho child by gentleness; 
even the camel moves not 
swifter before tho whip 
than behind the flute. 
Self-lovf, is at once the 
most delicate and the most, 
tenacious of sentiments ; a 
mcro nothing will wound 
it, but nothing on earth 
will kill it.. 
Emulation looks out for 
merits, that she may exalt 
herself by a victory 5 Envy 
spies out blemishes, that 
she may lower another by 
a defeat. 
MBS of high or moan 
birth may lie possessed of 
good qualities, but falling 
into bad company they be 
come vicious. Rivers flow 
with sweet water*, but hav- 
\ ing Joined tho ocean, they 
become undrinkable. 
Courage, when genuine, 
\' v is nevc ' 1 ’ cruel. It is not 
Xa>. V \ fierce, ll. foresees evil. Its 
trepidations come either 
KfflUVl-,' before or after danger. In 
§||SjM\ tho midst, of peril it is calm 
|Sijj5jjsbs.' and cool. It is generous, 
■BBmbb?? \\ especially to tho fallen. It 
MwffiHu \y is seldom at tained. 
Ul Choose good friends. 
1 There Is nothing which 
contributes more to tho 
,1 \' sweetness of life than 
HBSrom mili'. Ull'i friendship; Micro is noth- 
PARTE, brother of t,no great 
Napoleon. His mother 
was the ex-Queen JtOR- 
tense. Tho story of his 
life is essentially a drama, 
no rcceivod his early edu¬ 
cation on the shores of 
Lake Constance, in the 
Castlo of Arcmsbcrg. no 
had a passion for history, 
the exact sciences, and 
military strategy. When 
but twenty-two years of 
age, in 1830, ho took part In 
nn insurrect ion In tho Pon¬ 
tifical States, with his 
brother. On the approach 
of tho Austrians ho fled 
from Ancona, where ho had 
been ill, to France, from 
whcnco he was expelled by 
Louis Puilippe. He then \ 
went to England, and A\V 
thenco to Switzerland. Tho \Vvp 
crown of Poland was of- yXS SN:NS* - 
fared to him in 1831. In 
1833 the only son of Na- 
1*0r.EON I. died the Duke 
of Rclchstadt. From that 
moment Napoleon III. 
seemed to be absorbed with 
tho ono Idea of becoming 
tho sovereign of Franco. / ■MltPmm 
His life from that day to , y , /? 
this has been ono of won- * /( MWMuMtM 
derfu 1 defeats and achieve- J 
meats. Foiled in his at- ! ’ 'tfuMm UNffl 
tempt to ralso nn instirroc- | , 
tion in Strasbourg, in 1836; 1 \tw3wlfflll 
in exile in this country in 1 | 
1837; foiled again at Bou- 
logno in l'«-f0; condemned VtiMwRIB 
to perpetual imprisonment H.tHUWffl 
In tho Fortress of Ilain, \w|i 
and escaping by the aid of \yivOTM 
Dr. Conneac, who was \ \W\\ 
present at his death bed; \-V< 
returning to France after '\\ 
tho Revolution of 1818, to \ 
take ilia seat as a member 
of the Constitutional As¬ 
sembly ; elected President 
of tho Second Republic In 
1848; dissolving the Na¬ 
tional Assembly by the 
coup d’etat of December, 
1851. elected President of 
the Republic for ten years, 
by 7,439,212 votes, in tho 
same year; chosen heredi¬ 
tary Emperor by the plebis¬ 
cite, by 7,864,216 votes, 
against 231,145 In November, 1853; crowned De¬ 
cember 1,1852, under tho title of Napoleon III. 
His career down to t he war of 1870 can hardly 
be called a failure. Defeat did not dismay hint, 
and he won the object of his ambition, in 1853 
he married Eugenif, Marie, Countess of Mon- 
tijo, of Spain, a la dy ot f-Teat beauty and culture, 
by whom he had one child, the present Prince 
Imperial, who was born March 16,1856. 
During the eighteen yearn of his reign Over 
France 1m did much for French industry nu«l 
commerce, adding to the power and prosperity 
of the people. Among other things ho re-bullt 
Paris, inaugurated t he greatest Industrial Expo¬ 
sition t he world has ever seen, and engaged in 
many enterprises for the glory of France. One 
of the most unfortunate and saddest expedi¬ 
tions in which he ever took part, or any other 
man for that matter, was the inducing of Maxi¬ 
milian and CaKI.OTTa to proceed to Mexico 
j during our civil war, to establish an Empire on 
our southern border. The story of that project 
\\\VvOv\\ ^ 
Nj 
SPARKS OF JOLLITY 
A RICH INVENTOR 
Some of the richest of out countrymen are in- | 
vectors, who began life poor. A notable in¬ 
stance of this is Mr. Isaac M. Singer, the well- 
known sewing machine inventor. Ho has resided 
in Paris for several years, where, it is said, lie can 
outrival the princes In the vulgar magnificence 
of bis equipage. We remember Singer when, 
like many other inventors, be was too poor to 
travel. We have heard it stated that his income 
exceeds a million dollar* per annum, and, fur¬ 
thermore, that he likes Paris much better than 
New York ; and I Ids leads us to say that America 
is a poor country for idle men. — American 
A Hirnn. _ +++- _ 
RUSKIN’S VIEW OF WRITING. 
It was stfttod In the omtuary oi a 
man that lie “was forty-three times in love.’’ 
Marry your second wife first, and keepoutof 
debt by all means, even If you have to borrow 
the money to do It. 
A deacon In Indiana has four boys, the 
youngest of whom is named Doxology, because 
lie’s the last of i ho htms. 
A DANBURY man, who was trying to shelter 
himself in a doorway from the rain on Sunday, 
had the mournful pleasure of seeing five of his 
umbrellas go by. 
An Iowa editor recently announced that a 
certain patron of his was “thieving as usual.’’ 
He declared he wrote It “thriving.” 
A pocket bootjack has been invented. You 
put, your foot into your pocket, give a spring 
into the air, and off comes your boot. 
Why wasGollah surprised when David struck 
him in the forehead with a stone? Because 
such a thing never entered his head before. 
An Arkansas woman lately tarred and featb- 
.......i lwr husband. whereupon he declared that 
Mr. Ruskin now writes:—“I was obliged to 
wrlto too young, when I knew only hall truths, 
and was eager to set them forth by what 1 
thought tine words. People used to call me a 
good writer then; now they say I can’t write at 
all; because, for instance, If I think anybody's 
‘Sir, your house is 
on Are;’ whereas formerly r used to say, ‘Sir, 
the abode where you probably passed the de¬ 
light fill days of youth is in a stale of Inflamma¬ 
tion,’ and everybody used to liko the effect of 
the two p’s in ‘probably passed,’ and of the 
two d’s in ‘delightful days.' ” 
achaumaa he is to the fascinations of a line cigar, 
and revels in a common clay pipe and strong 
Virginia tobacco. A clay pipe and cavendish! 
no very poetical companions for the most, refined 
and delicate poet of his day. It is said that he j, 0Uf)e on n r0 , j only say 
smokes inordinately at that. We do not know 
that his taste is to be condemned, for the best 
smokers will tell you that they prefer a common 
day pipe to all the cigars and si Ivor-mounted 
meerschaums that ever saw the light of day. 
But Tennyson goes a step further, and will not 
smoko the same pipe twice. 
__ mt.-n xriovrn mjPTWTTnt WHITTIER, being asked for an autograph, at 
LEE, THE LE ARNED CARPENT , . O nco complied by penning: 
Samuel Lee, Professor of Hebrew at the “The name is but the shadow, which we find 
rr„i„™it n Cnnihriilm. Enerland. was seven- Too often larger than the map behind. 
r tt'v.’ 
j ia 
• .’.'Jsx 
