OOBE’S BUBAL NEW-YORKER. 
Occasionally the profile is slightly Roman, 
but this is rather objectionable, as it gives a 
common character. The neck should belong 
and moderately thick, especially at the base, 
and where it joins the head. The setting on 
of the latter is easy, and it is a great point 
when the head is carried high, as this adds 
grandeur to the general appearance. Aram 
should bo cany Ids head as to be able to look 
over a hurdle. The carcass is long, level 
along the back, and the ribH well sprung; 
the under lines are not so true, and the flank 
is often weak. Indued, the great defect in 
the coMour of the Cots wold is the. lightness 
under, and the short, space between, hips 
and flanks. No animal fills the eye, however 
good upwards, except he represents the be¬ 
long, low, and lusty. The Cotswolds are too 
often long, high, and lusty, mid this bight 
gives them a weak appearance. The thighs 
are moderately full, the leg of mutton being 
much more developed than in the Leicester, 
and, though there is much external fat along 
the back, which gives a soft springy touch, 
Jean meat Is also abundant. 
The wool should be long, open, and curly ; 
the staple, is coarser, and the weight of fleece 
is rather less than the Leicester, and consid¬ 
erably under the Lincoln; neither is the ^uni¬ 
ty equal to either. Wo have heard of instan¬ 
ces of hoggets yielding 111b.; a good average 
for flocks comprising half owes is three fleeces 
to the tod of 2Slb, Something, of course, de¬ 
pends upon the management. 
When size is a consideration the ewe* are 
run thin on the land, one to 3,' ^ or three acres; 
we Seldom And more than a ewe to 3 acres, 
the produce being fed out; this gives about a 
sheep to the acre—not heavy stocking, but 
the size and weight of the sheep must be 
considered. Where it is not important to 
havo individuals so large, a system of close 
hurdling is pm-sued, which, when properly 
managed, has many advantages. It consists 
in accustoming the sheep to graze on a limit 
ed area, and to have frequent change. 
-♦♦♦- 
AUTUMN AND WINTER DIPPING. 
The Irish Farmers’ Gazette has the follow¬ 
ing on the dipping of sheep for scab and for 
the killing of ticks : 
“The necessity l'or, and profitable results 
arising from, more frequent dipping is gen¬ 
erally admitted; hence the practice of Au¬ 
tumn and Winter dipping is fast gaining 
ground, and, in comparison with the benefit 
gained, the trouble and cost of the process is 
inconsiderable. The growth of the wool is 
promoted to a wonderful degree (repaying 
fourfold the expense of dipping), the animal 
is allowed to feed in comfort, unmolested by 
ticks and other vermin which infest the 
skin. Tl is a notable fact that sheep thrive 
more rapidly after dipping, and being' re¬ 
lieved from irritation (which causes them to 
rub themselves), the fleece is preserved whole 
and in perfect condition until clip day. 
“It may not be generally known the 
amount of risk that is run by exposing sheep 
with scab in a public market or fair. The 
penalty accordidg to law is ruinous, being £!> 
per sheep, and it is the duty of the police to 
bring all such cases under the notice of the 
magistrates. Great caution should be ob¬ 
served as to any newly bought stock coming 
in contact with those already on the farm. 
These purchases arc usually made at the 
large annual Spring and Autumn fairs, and 
brought together by the dealers in vast num¬ 
bers, mostly by means of railway transit, 
and a great portion of such stock probably 
have been in contact with infected sheep and 
cattle, or in truck* that are not free from 
the infection of some contagious disease, suc-h 
os scab, foot-and-mouth disease, small-pox 
virus, etc. 
“To dip all newly-purchased sheep that 
havo been exposed to the above-named risks, 
at any season of the year, would not only be 
a matter of wise precaution, but very inex¬ 
pensive compared with the mischief and 
ultimate loas it might prevent, while in so 
doing the health of the animal could in no 
way be endangered.” 
- •» < » 
ANGORA GOATS AT CAPE COLONY. 
The South African papers tell of a farm 
of 340,000 acres, on which is a flock of 10,000 
Angora goats—besides 10,000 sheep—which 
are said to be found far more profitable there 
than sheep, and there is a promise of a rapid 
extension of these flocks. The Angora goat 
wool, as produced there, is much liner than 
that of the sheep. 
--- 
OXFORD DOWN SHEEP. 
A correspondent asks, who is breeding in 
this Country, Oxford Down Sheep and wheth¬ 
er any of our readers can gay anything of 
them in comparison with South and Shrop¬ 
shire Down Sheep. J 
(field Clrojis. 
TURNIPS AND WHEAT. 
At a discussion at the Markham Farmers’ 
Club Mr. James Trax.v opened t lie discussion 
by remarking that lie believed root culture 
was the supjxirt and life of all other crops. 
Ho had grown roots for thirty yean. Ilis 
first cxjieriment was with white turnips sown 
broadcast. These grow successfully. He 
then thought he would try the Swede turnip, 
and sowed a tin-cupful of seed, also sown 
broadcast. These did well, and were the first 
Swedes raised in the township. He had rais¬ 
ed turnips annually ever since. He, how¬ 
ever, changed his system of sowing them af¬ 
ter the first year, by plowing ns for other 
crops, and sowing the turnip seed on every 
third furrow ridge ; this plan lie found to 
work well, and continued it until he imported 
a turnip drill from England, when lie adopted 
the now universal system of drilling in the 
seed. Ho never sowed earlier than the 30th 
of June, and rarelj later than the 30th of 
Juno. Sowing on sod land would produce a 
1 good crop, hut he thought it preferable and 
more profitable to make roots a regular rotat¬ 
ing crop on the farm. Turnips do not im- 
poverisli the land, but the thorough culiiva- 
tion required for roots, tended greatly to 
improve the crops that came after. He used 
barnyard compost, to which suit und plaster 
have been added, as a manure, and usually 
follows the next year with spring wheat on 
the land. He gave ati estimate of the cost 
and profits of the turnip crop, aud that of the 
spring wheat following, viz. ; 
Erprmt* of Oroeing Trn A errs of Tutnipn. 
Plowing 10IM3-C8 3 tiroes, at *1.50 per aero each 
.. *45 00 
Harrowing do. 6 times, at *2 per 10acres. ID o.l 
12 loads compost per acre, ut 60 cents per load.. CO 0 D 
Making drills tin 10 neion. B IK) 
Send, unrl labor of drilling In. 7 09 
Hoeing nml cultivation through summer. 2ft in 
Pulling, hauling and covering the roots. 40 00 
Kent of 10 acres, at *4 per acre. 40 (iij 
*233 10 
F,iprn.ir.x of Owing Apring Wheat—2d u<o r. 
Plowing ten nr res twice, at *1.50 per acre.*30 (K) 
Harrowing 8 times. 7 (id 
20bushels sued wheat, ut*1.16 per bushel.., ... 23 tii) 
Sowing 10 acres brourtcast. 1 00 
Harvesting and housing crop. 20 00 
Threshing 800 bushels, at 10 cents per bushel... 20 00 
Kent of land... 44 00 
*151 00 
Total cost of the two crops. *381 Oil 
Returns. 
JO acres turnips at COO bushels per aero, 0,000 ■ 
bushels, at 10 cents per bushel. *000 00 
10 acres of Bpring wheat, 300 bushels, *1.15 per 
bushel. 345 00 
*0-15 00 
Leaving for profits on the t wo crops.. *561 00 
K<jual to *28.05 her a cre per annum. 
This exhibit, showed that there was a direct j 
profit in the root crop, and he considered 
that the indirect benefit was very consider- | 
able, as by growing roots the soil was kept 
clean and well stirred. Tt was also an in¬ 
dispensable crop to stock breeders. Cattle 
would, if well housed, winter better on straw 
and turnips than on hay and grain. He then 
gave a statement of the cost and profit of 
growing winter wheat on summer fallow as 
under. 
Erptmaea of Winter Wheat Crop. 
Plowing 10 acres 4 times, *1.50 per ncre each 
time.... * 00.00 
UarrowhiK 5 tiroes, *2 each tuna. 10 on 
12 loads manure per acre. at. 60c. per loud. 00 O 0 
20 bushels aoed wheat, id *1.26 per bushel...... 25 00 
Sowing 10 acres broadcast. 1 00 
Harvesting and housing crop. 20 00 
Threshing 300 bushels, at 10c. per bushel. 30 00 
2 years’ rout uf laud, ut *4 per acre per annum, «0 00 
*266 00 
Jteluma. 
800 bushels of wheat, at *1.25 per bushel.*375 00 
Net profit of crop for 2 years’ land. *80 00 
This shows that there is a balance in favor 
of roots and spring wheat, as against winter 
wheat on summer fallow, of $472. 
-*-•-*- 
POTATOES, TURNIPS, ETC. 
I WOTTED like to see our noble old county 
represented in the Rural New-Yorker oc¬ 
casionally. Our county is noted for the pro¬ 
duction of flue wool and fine sheep—more 
especially for this product than anything else. 
Our fat Rheep compare favorably with the 
best in the Eastern markets. There is a 
gradual and general improvement in the 
quality of our soils. Our farmers arc begin¬ 
ning to see in a more practical light that it is 
all important to their interests to have rich 
farms—lhat if they will feed their land they 
and, for economy, we ought to have, some 
roots to feed with our stronger feed. Turnips, 
beets, etc., would pay us very largely for the 
small trouble of cultivating them. Here is a 
sample of what we, did on one-quarter of an 
acre of Early Rose potatoes :—We harvested 
a middling crop tho 25th of July ; sowed it in 
common turnip*and wo harvested 100bushels 
of good roots. The price of turnips is 40 
cents per bushel and our Early Rose *1 per 
bushel. Our land is worth $70 per aci-e. We 
did tiie same tiling last year on the same 
ground, and we did not give them especial 
culture. 
It will cost considerable to keep our stock 
this winter, as fodder is very scarce, Hay is 
worth $21) per ton in our barns, ami we sliall 
not be bothered with straw next Spring. 
Many animals will be badly Wintered. It 
would Ijo much better for jjeivous to buy 
feed or sell part of their stock at half price 
than to keep it all in a poor, half-starved con 
ditiou. Wc have a considerable quantity of 
second crop clover liny ; it causes our horses 
to slabber very much. Will you, or some of 
your correspondents, tell mo why it excites 
| the salivary glands of the horse ? and will it 
have the same effect on cattle or sheep ? 
Washington Co., Pa. M. Liggett. 
-44-V- 
THE COOLEY CORN. 
Although t he Department of Agriculture 
has not favored us with any seed of tho 
Cooley Com, and we have no personal knowl¬ 
edge that tho Department has distributed it, 
yet we have seen it so asserted ami adver 
Used and believe it to lie a fact that, the De¬ 
partment did buy of C. C. Cooley a quantity | 
j of what he calls his new variety of com for 
distribution among the constituents of Con¬ 
gressmen. This was a novel means of adver¬ 
tising this titan’s corn, and he has reaped his 
reward. This is the way in which the De¬ 
partment introduces new and rare plants and 
seeds for the purpose of testing their value 
to American Farmers. The Department hav¬ 
ing established this precedent., we advise 
I every American with a new strawberry, 
raspberry, apple or other fruit, or with a 
new grass or grain, beet, turnip, or spuash, 
flowering plant or shrub, to importune the 
sapient Commissioner to buy a part, of the 
stock for free distribution and make the Am- 
erican tax-payers pay for the same. In this 
way the producers of those new and rare 
plants, seeds, and fruits will ho liable to sell 
the balance of his stock profitably. 
But concerning this Cooley com, reports 
are reaching us from various sources con¬ 
cerning its merits. J. R. Walkup, Emporia, 
Kansas, writes the Kansas Farmer as follows : 
“ I wish to expose what 1 consider a grand 
humbug. Lust season I bought of C. C. 
COOLEY, Ohio, some of his Early White 
Field. Said Cooley claimed that it would 
yield as much or more than the Sanford Corn, 
and that it hud been planted in Ohio tho 15th 
of May, and ground into meal the 0th of 
August following. 1 thought this \va* what 
I wanted, and ordered one peck, costing here ' 
$3.00. I planted this on a picked piece of 
bottom laud, on tho 13th of May, and it did 
not mature until about the 20th of Septem¬ 
ber, and the yield was about 35 bushels to 
the acre. My other corn averaged nearly 75 
bushels. I send you this that other farmers 
may ‘look a leedle oud.’” 
--——♦♦♦ ■ 
DIGGING POTATOES. 
I would say to friend A. S. Nash in Rural 
New-Yorker of Deo. 14th, ’72, that I think 
he will And this to be nu improvement on his 
plan of digging potatoes. The potatoes be¬ 
ing planted in drills and hilled, run between 
each row with a five tooth cultivator, set to 
about a foot in width ; tin's cuts off the side 
of each row slightly; now take a large shovel 
plow and plow out, the row ; almost every 
potato will be on the surface ; to finish, luir- 
row the ground and you will liave the pota¬ 
toes cleaner than you can dig with hoes, 
none cut, aud the ground is ready for wheat, 
turnips, or any crop. Odds & Ends. 
North Fairfield, O. 
-»♦ * ■ 
SOILING CROPS AT BEACON FARM. 
The past season twenty-five acres of man- 
gold-wurzel were grown, yielding one thou¬ 
sand bushels per acre ; 25 acres of sowed com ; 
®Iif jJonlinj Hard. 
know their pocket-books will become fat. 80 acres of turnips : nine acres of rape for 
There is also improvement in the mai 01 or of feeding, and 240 bushels of rye were sown 
Wine ta. rt-fc and of „ <r , “ * 
There is also improvement in the manner of 
keeping farm stock and of saving manure, 
but still there is great room for profitable im¬ 
provement yet, and 1 think by ft diligent 
circulation of the Riral and other good 
papers, that all of ns slow farmers will be 
brought to a knowledge of our business, 
I would recommend a greater variety of 
feed. We can raise plenty of com and oats, 
TO KEEP CROWS FROM PULLING CORN. 
For many years 1 have kept crows from 
pulling com by taking little rags, tj r ing up a 
little sulphur in each, tie them to small 
sticks, and thrust the sticks into the ground 
close to the corn hills. m . r. b. 
POULTRY IN ENGLAND. 
What other people are doing, and what 
their opinions are, is always of interest. We 
have been much interested, and we are sure 
our readers will be, in the following review 
of “ Poultry tho past year,” which we find in 
the English Cottage Gardener, it so concise¬ 
ly gives t he Status of breeds there that it will 
bo interesting for fanciers to compare it with 
their own experiences. This is what is said : 
When wo say Dorking* have not increased 
in weight wc do not mean to say there have 
not been birds shown that have seldom been 
equalled, but we believe the average has cer¬ 
tainly not exceeded that of former years. 
They still form one of the most important 
classes at every show. The time-honored Co - 
chins have certainly improved, and are fast 
becoming what they were formerly. Those 
who saw the adult classes nt Birmingham will 
long recollect them. Tho Brahmas stand al¬ 
most at the head of all classes. The wisdom 
that encouraged them is manifest, and bears 
good fruit. Tiie recent introduction of sep¬ 
arate classes for the Light birds has been a 
great success. Beautiful birds are shown in 
large numbers. 
It is hard to say anything about the Game. 
They are always numerous, and afford many 
perfect specimens. The Black and Brown 
Reds monopolize public patronage. The Duck- 
wings do not improve, and many of the old 
, breeds seem quite out of favor. 
Hamburg* hold their own everywhere ; 
hut at almost all shows the Golden, both Pen¬ 
cilled und Spangled, are superior to tiro Silver. 
Spanish seem doomed for a time to medi¬ 
ocrity as a class. Although excellent birds 
are not wanting, we miss the high type of 
past years. 
Tho public opinion has been a correct one 
as regards the French breed s. At many of 
tho largo allows three classes were formed— 
Crevo-Cuiurs, Jloudans, and La Fleoiie. The 
first two have not only held their own, but 
the birds bred in England liave been quite 
equal to the imported ; while the latter, lack¬ 
ing as they do all the main properties of good 
birds, have disappeared not only from the 
prize hstj but almost from tho catalogues. 
Turkeys still get heavier. There is more 
real increase in their weight than in that of 
any other poultry. Geese are stationery. 
Aylesbury Ducks rather lose ground than 
otherwise, while the Rouens increase hi 
weight, value, aud numbers. 
The old and celebrated Sebright Bantams 
can hardly make classes. The Blocks and 
Whites are far morn numerous, while the 
names of tho Game are legion. Bantam-mak¬ 
ers, however, seem tired of the process. We 
liave no novelties. The pretty Cochin Ban¬ 
tams, that were so attractive and that sold so 
readily at large prices, are not increased, and 
we seldom meet witli them. 
The new class for Onunnentat Ducks Is a 
great success. Tho many varieties shown, 
each more beautiful than its fellow, und the 
facility with which they are kept, will cause 
many to follow the example of the exhibi¬ 
tors, und keep pets pleasing not only on ac¬ 
count of their beauty, but for their Lameness 
and their attachment to their owner or 
feeder. 
■--—--- 
SMALL-POX IN CHICKENS. 
In answer to “ F. J. W.’s ” inquiries in the 
Rural New-Yorker of the lfith of Novem¬ 
ber, I beg leave to say that if I am not mis¬ 
taken his chickens are afflicted with the small¬ 
pox, which generally attacks the eyes of the 
birds. The following is used In Spain for the 
cure of sold disease. Mix equal quantities of 
vinegar and water, to which add a small quan¬ 
tity of salt, (one-half ounce to a pint,) and 
wash the eye With cotton or lint twice a day, 
morning and evening. Hoping that the above 
remedy will be of usefulness to “ F. J. W.,” 
and expecting to hear from him through the 
Rural. a. b. c. 
New York City. 
■ — ■ ■ ■ ■■ ■ ■ 
HEN WITH HARD CROP. 
In answer to C. W. Colb, I will state how I 
cured my hen of a hard crop. Part the feathers 
on the breast; then take a razor and cut the crop 
about 1*4 Inches long, take out the hard sub¬ 
stance; then take a little lard and grease the In¬ 
side well, then put a little wet meal with u little 
lard in the crop; sew up the crop separately 
from the skin. The bird will not oat under two 
or three days. 1 have cured a number sa stated 
above and they are us well as they ever were, 
though It Is a harsh remedy. s, e. b. 
West Cheshire, Conn. 
