<r 
\ 
industrial Societies 
ears, small, soft and stand erect while young, 
but coming down somewhat as they get age ; 
carcass, long, broad, straight and deep ; ham, 
heavy and well let down ; bone, fine ; carcass, 
when fat, composed mostly of lard ; hair, or¬ 
dinarily rather thin. The fattening qualities 
being very superior; as breeders they are 
very prolific and are fair nurses. 
L. T. Clark, i 
M. H., Outer. - Committee. 
C. P. Fletcher, I 
American Pomologies! Society, to whom we 
showed this new and promising fruit. Mr. 
Elliott agreed with us that it was a most 
excellent pear, but said that he thought Da 
na’s Hovey was better. 
WHAT SOCIETIES ARE DOING. 
PEAE8 AT NORFOLK, VA 
The Horticulturist, whose Editor has vis¬ 
ited Mr. Leighton, and who is testing sixty 
varieties of pears, publishes the following 
notes on varieties found In his orchard as fol¬ 
lows: 
Clapp’v Favorite.. —This Ls really one of the 
handsomest trees on the place; leaves quite 
healthy; branches stout and vigorous. The 
pear is exceedingly pretty; very early, fully 
ten days before the Bartlett, good size, hand¬ 
some shape, red cheek, and more uniform 
in outline and size than the Bartlett. He 
thinks it the most profitable early pear we 
have. Has no trouble with rotting, for the 
pear is picket! while yet hard, and before 
ripe, and permitted to color up in the house 
or on the way to market. The standard trees 
are much slower in coming into bearing than 
the dwarfs, which begin at a very early date, 
and are quite productive. He says it is the 
handsomest pear he ever saw\ It is a singu¬ 
lar criticism oil the tastes of New York buy¬ 
ers, that when sent to New York it brought 
less than half the price of the Bartlett, 
or *5 for former per bushel against $11 for 
the latter. He thinks it little ubo to plant 
any market pear ripening earlier than this. 
The Souvenir du Conyres is a very fine 
grower; as good in this respect ns the Barb 
loti, also ten days earlier; has a handsome 
Carmine cheek and a very large size. Trees 
not yet fruited enough to determine their 
productiveness, but has hopes that it will 
prove as fine an early Summer pear as the 
Clapp’s Favorite. 
The Mount Vernon is represented in one 
handsome tree, three years old; very thrifty; 
hardy'; perfects its wood well; holds it leaves 
in hottest snn, 
fieurre Superjin , as a dwarf, is quite pro¬ 
ductive, and has a sprightly champagne flavor 
with spicy acid t aste, which, together wit h its 
handsome form, will make it valuable. He 
enjoys it as a pear to eat, as more refreshing 
thim any pear on the place, Ripens at same 
time as the Bart lett. 
Jieurre d’Anjou is moderately productive; 
throe trees, five y r ears old, bore but 1)4 Bush¬ 
els; considered not more profitable than the 
Duchessc, 
Oabaml’s Summer produce very well; is 
ten days ahead of the Bartlett; not prepos¬ 
sessing in appearance, nor better than the 
Clapp’s Favorite or Doyenne d’Ete. 
BloO&good —Thrifty grower; only second 
rate in productiveness; flavor sweet and ex¬ 
cellent, but fruit is hard, and does not ripen 
well 
Dcurre Clairycuu— Handsome color; pears 
hang on well with him; quality only medium; 
would not risk it as a market pear over some 
others. 
Doyenne d’Ete—Has shipped them as early 
as the 34th of Juno. It reddens up very hand¬ 
somely; quality line; fruit small, about the 
size of hu ge walnut with the green shell on. 
Nouveau Forleau — Not productive, al¬ 
though the tree is u vigorous grower. 
Jieurre Hardy- -Pears dried upon the tree; 
loses its leaves early; condemned. 
Lawrence — Very handsome grower; Hardy; 
thrifty; healthy; looks best of the late varie¬ 
ties. 
One principle is stated by Mr. Leighton 
with distinctness: “ That it is no use to grow 
a pear of one variety, if you can put in its place 
a tree of any other variety, which will yield 
more money.” So he is constantly clearing 
out new varieties which do not do well, and 
we notice that the duplicates he puts in their 
place are Bartlett or Duehesse. 
Ohio Agricultural Convention.—The Annual 
Convention of delegates from county agricul¬ 
tural societies, In connection with the Ohio 
State Board of Agriculture, was held in the Sen¬ 
ate room of the Capitol, at Columbus, on Wed¬ 
nesday, I he 8tli of January. About seventy 
counties were represented in the Convention. 
The report of the Treasurer showed that the 
Board has been consuming Its capital until 
there now remains n surplus of only about. $4,000 
“to go and come on ” until the next State fair. 
The exercises of the Convention proceeded 
with the reading of papers, as follows: 
By John II. Klippart — On the Culture nf Fish 
in the inland waters of the State a* an economic 
article of food. 
By Dr. John A. Warder—On the Culture of 
Forest Trees, in which he urged the planting of 
hill sides and other rough lauds with timber 
trees. 
By S. D. Harris—On Agricultural Fairs, in 
which he spoke favorably of the more perma¬ 
nent exposition system, like those of the Amer¬ 
ican Institute, the Cincinnati, Louisville, and 
Memphis Expositions, urging the policy and 
necessity of locating the Ohio State Fair at 
Columbus on a like basis, and the adoption of 
the same system by the Northern Ohio Fair 
Association at Cleveland. 
By George W. Campbell and G. 8. Innls—On 
the Culture and New Varieties of Potatoes, in 
which these two very practical gentlemen gave 
much valuable Information. 
. 1 in the Recognition of Agri¬ 
cultural Societies by the State, with reference to 
desired action by tbe approaching Constitu¬ 
tional < onventlon of Ohio, In order to secure 
certain privileges and emoluments for the State 
Board of Agriculture. 
The following resolution* were offered bv John 
M. MllUkln: 
Resolved. That the Legislature of Ohio be re¬ 
quested to enact such laws as shall limit the 
rates of fare for passengers and the charges for 
the transportation of property on the railroads 
of the State, as well ns to protect travelers and 
shippers from discrimination and oppressive 
charges. 
Raudved, That this Convention, approving the 
principles of the bill introduced into tbe Con¬ 
gress of the United States by the Hon. Samuel 
Shcllalmrger of Ohio to amend an act entitled 
“An act to facilitate commercial, postal, and 
military communication among the several 
States, and approved July 15, JStlo,*' do respect¬ 
fully ask Congress to enact such bill Into a law 
before the termination of the present session. 
[Theobject of Sheliabarger’a bill i« to prevent 
discriminations In passenger and freight traffic.] 
The adoption of these resolutions was ably 
advocated by 1 lie mover and several other gen¬ 
tlemen, suid the vote was unanimous and de¬ 
cisive In their favor, after which a committee 
was appointed to bring I he sobiect before the 
approaching State Constitutional Convention. 
A resolution was adopted in favor of legisla¬ 
tion against the trespass of hunters upon private 
lands. 
At an election to fill the vacancy occasioned 
by the retiring of five members of the State 
Board, four or the five retiring members were 
re-elected, and Mr. J. C. Stevens elected as a new 
III Mile 
The new Board was organized, and stands as 
follows: 
PrerUlentr- L. G. Iiklano of ltoi-s Co. Treas¬ 
urer Simpson H&rmount, Tuscarawas. Other 
members of the Board are: D. <’. Richmond, 
Erie Co.; R. 1’. Cannon, Portage; J. B. Jamison, 
Harrison; 1,. B. Sprague, Clarke; John A. 
Warder, Hamilton: W. S. Qlckoy Itichland; 
B. W. Carlisle, Fairfield; J. C. Stevens, Hardin. 
J. H. Klippart and H. S. Babbitt were re¬ 
elected as Secretaries. 
The time of holding the next State Fair was 
fixed for the first week In September, and the 
place is Mansfield, on t he grounds occupied for 
the same purpose last year. H. n. h. 
Michigan fciuit; Dairymen's Association. —The 
Annual Convention of ihe Michigan State Dairy¬ 
men’s Association will be held ai Adrian, Mich., 
Feb. 13 and33,1873, The Executive Committee 
have fixed upon the following | irograrame for the 
meeting v 
Ib there danger of dairying in America being 
too largely extended and increased; airing and 
cooling milk ; Sunday cheese-making; delivery 
of milk once or twice a day; manner and time 
of marketing; requirements of dilfcrent cheese 
markets; the best method of determining qual¬ 
ity and adjusting the different grade* of milk; 
best method of disposing of whey at factories; 
what grass produces the moat and best milk. 
Hon. X. A. Willard of the Him a i. New- Yorker 
will deliver the Annual Address. Other able 
speakers are also expected to address the Con¬ 
vention. Jay Hoag, ftec. 
Northern Ohio Pair Association.—The annual 
meeting of the stockholders of the Nort hern 
Ohio Pair Association was hold at their rooms 
in Cleveland uu the Util of January, George A. 
Baker was ducted Chairman of the meeting, 
and Col. B.D. Harris Secretary, The Treasurer s 
report show ed the cost of property on hand in 
real estate and Improvements at nearly $200,000, 
while, by the rise In value of the real estat e, the 
actual capital ls about a quarter of a million 
dollars. Tim (Stockholders proceeded to fill va¬ 
cancies in the Board of Directors, occasioned 
by the retiring of members whose terms of office 
had expired. 
The next annual exhibition is to be held in 
the third week In September on the grounds of 
the Association at Cleveland. S. n. H. 
Guuutiiuu Dairymen'* Association.—Tin)Cana¬ 
dian Dairymen's Association holds its Annual 
Convention at Ingersoll, Ontario, Feb. 5 and 6, 
1818. X, A. Willard of the Rural New-Yorker 
delivers the Annual Address, Prof. Caldwell of 
Cornell C Diversity has also been engaged to 
give an address. Tim meeting promises to be of 
great Interest and to be very largely attended 
from all parts of Canada. 
Kansas State Horticultural Society. —The 
following are the names of the officers elect for 
1873 : Pr os'!- Dr. Wm. M. IIowslky, Leaven¬ 
worth; Vicc-Pres't —W. Wells, Manhattan; 
Trcm.—G. V. Johnson, Lawrence; Sec. G. C. 
Brackett; E.r. Board E. Gale, Manhattan; F. 
Wellboure, Leavenworth ; B. L. Kingsbury, 
Burlington. 
Illinois Fanner*' Conventions are to be held 
under the auspices of the Illinois Industrial 
University as follows:—At Peoria, Jan. 20-23; 
at Jacksonville, Jan. 21-24; at Puna, Jan. 27-30; 
at Greenville, Jan. 28-31; at Gilmore, Feb. 4-7; 
at Belviderc, Feb. 10-13. Prominent agricultur¬ 
ists and educators are to deliver addresses ou 
appropriate topics. 
THE GUAVA IN THE BOUTH 
Edmund H. Hart, Federal Point, Fla., 
says that by training tills plant or tree in 
bush form, so that the branches may be bent 
down and covered during Winter, it may be 
successfully raised out of doors far above the 
t ropics—in fact in either of the Gulf States, 
and even further North. It will withstand, 
uninjured, any degree of temperature down 
BLIND STAGGERS IN PIGS. 
Prop. Law, of Cornell University, recom¬ 
mends the following treatment of this dis¬ 
ease:—When a hog is attacked, dash buckets 
BERKSHIRES AND CHESTER WHITES 
The Wostera Agriculturist says:— “John 
Britton says he has tried a cross between a 
Berkshire boar and a Chester sow, and is dis¬ 
gusted with the result. He is getting rid of 
the progeny as fast as possible, and will have 
no more of it. He regards the pure Berkshire 
us the best hog in the country. They will 
fatten where the Chester Whites will hardly 
keep in working order. This is the experience 
of all who have tried to cross these two 
breeds. Separately they are both good 
breeds, but together tliey are a failure.” 
CANNED CALIFORNIA PEARS 
Canned Bartlett pears are arriving in this 
market. They find ready sale and we doubt 
not (though we have not the figures at which 
they sell, since they are bought by jobbers) it 
is the most profitable and least risky mode of 
sendiug such fruit to this market from Cali¬ 
fornia, if they are properly canned. We will 
endeavor to be more specific as to figures, if 
we can get the necessary facts. 
MILLER’S DAILY RASPBERRY 
®hc (harden 
The Horticulturist t alks of a new rasp¬ 
berry under the above name, the fruit of 
which is said to bo as largo as the Miami and 
of higher quality Ilian t hat or the Doolittle. 
It is said to have originated in Southern Ohio, 
where a man named Isaac Miller found it 
growing wild by the side of an old stump in 
one of his fields. It is said to be as hardy as 
the Doolittle or any other variety. 
FRENCH SYSTEM OF MAKING HOT-BEDS, 
The French do not make up a bed for a sin¬ 
gle frame or a range of frames, but the com¬ 
mercial gardeners collect a large quantity 
of material—manure, garden refuse, weeds, 
etc., and having mixed and left it to ferment a 
time, as soon os it is in a fit state, they form 
it iuto one large bed,'twenty to fifty feet 
square, and then cover it with frames, just 
leaving sufficient room between each range of 
frames to get between them to perform the 
necessary work of cultivation. The beds are 
made of the depth necessary to give the de¬ 
sired temperature, three to four feet, and 
they present the following advantages:— 1 st, 
a large mass of fermenting material in a state 
of slow decomposition : 2 d, a very small space 
exposed to the cooling effect# of atmospheric 
changes, merely the pathway between the 
frames; and, 3d, economy of material, inas¬ 
much as the dung necessary for a two-light 
frame with us, would bosullicieut for a three- 
light one ou the French plan. The drawback 
is that of inability to replenish the heat when 
the first supply becomes exhausted, and no 
linings can be applied. Still, as a means of 
growing a Summer crop the plan Ls worth fol¬ 
lowing, especially for market purposes. A 
bed twelve feet wide might be made facing 
East and West; upon this two ranges of 
frames might lie fixed buck to back and close 
together, and upon such a bed it is fair to in¬ 
fer crops of either Cucumbers or Melons, or 
in fact any other crop requiring bottom heat, 
might be grown with a certainty of success, 
THE READING PEAR 
ANOTHER NEW PEAR 
Since noticing the new pear sent us by J. 
II. Lasher, Germantown, Pa., ou page 12, 
Jan. 4, we have received perfect specimens 
which enables us to give a description of the 
same, as well as t est its quality. 'The accom¬ 
panying illustration was taken from a medi¬ 
um-sized, and apparently an average speci¬ 
men, which we describe as follows :—Medium 
in size, regular pyriform, skin beautiful, yel¬ 
lowish bronze, with scattered whitish dots; 
stalk slender, short, slightly curved, Inverted 
upon the side as shown ; calyx closed ; basin 
rather deep and narrow'; flesh melting, sweet, 
perfumed and very good, closely approaching 
the Seckel, which Mr. Lasher says is its pa¬ 
rent. We consider this one of the best fla¬ 
vored winter pears that we have seen, and 
well worthy of propagation. 
Since writing the above, we have been fa¬ 
vored with a call from F. R. Elliott, the 
veteran Pomologist, and Secretary of the 
ESSEX SWINE 
The following is the report of the Comuiit- 
tee on Essex Swine, made to the Nat ional 
Convention of Swine Breeders at Indianapolis. 
It will answer several questions on hand con¬ 
cerning the peculiarities of this breed :—The 
Essex is a black hog originating in the South 
of England. They are small to medium in 
size, and are extensively used in England to 
cross ou the large, coarse Bwine, to improve 
their fattening qualities. 
The best specimens may' be known as fol¬ 
lows :—Color, black ; face, short and dishing; 
