<• 
APRIL S 
be compelled to let England make the prices 
on our goods. 
Attention has heretofore been called, in 
these columns, to the fact that out of our an¬ 
nual product ot 340,000,000 to 300.000,000 
pounds of cheese, only 70,000,000 pounds are 
exported. But, singular as it may seem, the 
rates paid for cheese to go abroad govern t he 
price on nearly the whole bulk of cheese 
made. This is the rule, the exception being 
on late fall and winter stocks, which are 
sometimes held by buyers, and a price ex¬ 
acted above summer rates. One leading 
cause of this state of t hings is that New York 
city is made the great central point to which 
the cheese product is forwarded, and the plan 
adopted by buyers, of regulating prices in ac¬ 
cordance with the British nlarket. The con h- 
try trade in New York is but little removed 
from a commission business. Dealers of lim¬ 
ited capital, agents of shippers and of city 
firms, purchase a large quantity of cheese 
from week to week, or month to month, on 
orders, and they are satisfied to get a certain 
percentage on their purchases. Many of 
these men cannot hold cheese for any length 
of time, and if they pay more than cheese is 
worth for export they do not find ready sale, 
and are very likely to lose money ; for what¬ 
ever surplus there is in New York above home 
wants and homo distribution must goabroad 
Hence it is Unit New York 
England, is as follows 4 ounces blue vitriol, 
2 oz. verdigris to a junk bottlo of urine. 
3. Spirits of turpentine, tar and verdigris, 
in equal parts. 
4. The following recipe used to bo hawked 
about the country at the price of $5, the pur¬ 
chaser having promised inviolable secrecy: 
3 quarts alcohol, 1 pint spirits of turpentine, 
1 pint of strong vinegar, 1 lb. of blue vitriol, 
1 lb. of copperas, lj^lbs. verdigris, 1 lb. alum, 
1 If), of saltpeter, pounded fine ; mix in a close 
bottle, shake every day, and let it stand six 
or eight days before using:—also mix 2lbs. 
of honey and 2 quarts tar and apply it after 
the previous compound. “ Two applications 
to entirely remove disease." 
•">. A saturated solution of blue vitriol ap¬ 
plied through a quill iu a cork—and finely 
pulverized vitriol dusted over the parts when 
wet. This was the favorite remedy of the 
farmers in the region where I reside, twenty- 
live years ago. 
fi. The most common and popular remedy 
now used in Central New York is 1 lb. blue 
vitriol; 1 , lb. (with sonic lb.) verdigris ; 1 
pint of linseed oil; l quart of tar. The vitri¬ 
ol and verdigris are pulverized very fine, and 
HOW A HERKIMER COUNTY DAIRYMAN 
TREATS ABORTIVE STOCK. 
TREATMENT OF FOOT ROT 
What is the most successful mode of treat¬ 
ing the foot rot in sheep f A. H. Winn. 
In response wc copy the following from 
Randali.'k Practical Shepherd (published at 
this office) which is as good and successful a 
way as we know of : 
Hheep should be yarded-for the operation 
immediately after a rain, if practicable, as 
then the hoofs can be readily cut. In a dry 
time, and after a night which has left no dew 
on the grass, their hoofs are almost as tough 
as horn. They must be driven through no 
mud, or soft dung, ou their way to the yard, 
which doubles the labor of cleaning their 
feet. The yard must be small, so they can 
be easily caught, and it must be kept well 
littered down, so they shall not fill their feet 
with their own manure. Lf the straw is 
wetted, their hoofs will not of course dry and 
harden as rapidly as in dry straw. Could the 
yard be built over a shallow, gravelly-bot* 
tomed brook, it would lie an admirable ar 
rungement. The hoofs would bo kept so soft 
that the greatest and most unpleasant part 
of the labor, as ordinarily performed, would 
in a great measure be saved ; and they would 
be kept free from that dung which, by any 
other arrangement, will more or less get into 
their feet. 
The principal operator or foreman seats 
himself in a chair—a couple of good sharp 
knives (one a thin and narrow one), a wliet- 
at last, and badly too ; for 15 out of my herd 
have already aborted, and how many more 
will abort I do not know, for the disease 
‘strikes a now ease ’ every few days. But," 
continued he, “my cows are giving a nice 
mess of milk ; in fact are doing splendidly, 
and I manage them in this way My granary 
bins are tilled with shippings, corn meal, bar¬ 
ley meal and rye meal, and I just, pile it into 
those cows, giving them, all the feed they 
will take. I have now got so I can tell when 
a cow will abort; several days in advance of 
the time her hair stands out, and looks 
rough ; besides there are other peculiarities 
in her general appearance, and I commence 
at once to food moderately. After she loses 
her calf the feed is increased from time to 
time, and as fast as she will bear it we stud 
her. I made up my mind that an aborting 
cow in February was not worth much unless 
she could be brought to her milk, and would 
hardly pay for her keep till grass conies, or 
until such time as she could be sold. Thus, 
the experiment of high feeding, even if it, 
killed a few animals, could result in no great 
lose. But the experiment in my case has 
proved a great success, and we arc getting 
about the same quantity of milk as is usual 
from new milch cows, while all the aborting 
animals look thrifty, and are gaining flesh. 
If they had aborted in December or early in 
January, perhaps they would not have done 
so well; but if they can be kept along in this 
way until grass, 1 shall expect them to make 
a fair yield of milk for the season. Indeed, 
as they arc. extra milking Stock, the chances 
are that they will yield better returns than a 
new lot of cows picked from the droves. So 
1 shall run my aborted stock through the sea¬ 
son, instead of turning them oft and filling 
up my herd with other animals.’’ 
We have no doubt the principle above 
Stated is in the main correct. The abortin'* 
cow should not be allowed to run down ; she 
must have extra feed and care, and under 
this treatment she may possibly be made to 
bring her owner out with no serious loss. 
Thus, choice milking stock that abort in the 
spring of the year may often be milked up, 
and will sometimes yield almost, if not quite’ 
as much milk through the season as they 
would had they escaped this trouble. But, 
on the othei hand, if allowed to run down 
and with no extra care and feed, they fail in 
milk and turn out a serious loss. Again, even 
though they fail in milk, the extra feed given 
is not wasted, because, as the animal puts on 
flesh she becomes marketable, and can gener¬ 
ally be sold so as to turn more profit to the 
owner, above the cost of keep, than she 
at some price 
city, being often overstocked with cheese in 
the Hummer, and being unequal to its dist ri¬ 
bution for home wants, prices often decline 
below actual values. And with a surplus of 
cheese in New York city, quotations of prices 
there govern, to a great extent, prices in dif¬ 
ferent sections of the country. 
What wo desire to urge upon the attention 
of dairymen and dealers, is a wide and more 
equitable distribution of the cheese product, 
by which all our towns and villages, of any 
considerable size, may be constantly supplied 
with good cheese, in this way consumption 
will be promoted, and the pressure removed 
from New York and a few other leading 
Cities, which are often burdened with stocks 
which cannot well bo handled to good advan¬ 
tage. 
This is a matter which concerns the pro¬ 
ducer, perhaps, more than the dealer ; for as 
cheese is now bought, to a great exteut, from 
week to week, a decline in prices falls heavily 
upon the farmer. If the dealer makes his 
percentage, or commission, of to le. per 
pound for handling the goods, lie realizes the 
same profits on a given quantity, whether 
the cheese be bought at 10c. or lac. ; but the 
difference to the producer is a serious item. 
The remedy recommended by Mr. James 
Hocn of Scotland, is turpentine. 3 ounces, 
sulphuric acid 3 drama—to bo well mixed be¬ 
fore it is used and applied freely to the dis¬ 
eased part. 
s. Mr. Spooner thinks 1 oz. of olive oil and 
double the quantity of sulphuric acid, an im¬ 
provement on the above, lie says “the acid 
must be mixed carefully with turpentine, as 
considerable inflammation immediately takes 
place." He remarks that he has used* all the 
powerful acids with success, and that ho 
imagines it of bqt little consequence which 
caustic is employed, provided it be of sufli- 
oient strength. 
Any of these remedies, and fifty more that 
might l>e compounded, simply by combining 
caustics, stimulants, etc., in different forms 
and proportions, will prove sufficient for the 
extirpation of lioof-rot, with proper prepara¬ 
tory and subsequent treatment. On these 
last, beyond all question, principally depends 
the. comparative success of the applications. 
First. No external remedy can succeed in 
this malady unless it comes in contact with 
all the diseased parts of the foot—for if such 
part, however small, is unreached, the un¬ 
healthy and ulcerous action is perpetuated 
in it, and it gradually spreadsover and again 
involves the surrounding tissues. Therefore 
every portion of the diseased flesh must be 
denuded of horn, filth, dead tissue, pus and 
every other substance which can prevent the 
application from actually touching it, and 
producing its characteristic effects on it. 
Second. The application must be kept iu 
contact with the diseased surfaces long 
enough to exert it s proper remedial influence. 
If removed, by any moans, before this is ac¬ 
complished, it must necessarily proportiona¬ 
tely fail in its effects, 
The preparation of the foot, then, requires 
no mean skill. The tools must bo sharp, the 
movements of the Operator careful and de¬ 
liberate. As he shaves down near the quick, 
he must cut thinner and thinner, and with 
more and more care, or else he will either 
fail to remove the horn exactly far enough, 
or he will cut into the fleshy sole and cause a 
rapid flow of blood. I have already remarked 
that the blood can bo staunched by caustics 
—but they coagulate it on the surface in a 
mass which requires removal before the ap¬ 
plication of remedies, and in the process of 
its removal the blood is very* frequently set 
flowing again, and this sometimes several 
times follows the application of the caustic 
as the toe vein bleeds very freely, and it often 
requires some time and trouble'to staunch it. 
Cutting down to the crock between the 
horny and fleshy sole, is not enough. The 
operator must ascertain whether there is any 
ulceration between the outside horny walls 
and the fleshy part of the foot—nr at the toe 
—or Whether there is even a rudiment of an 
unreached sinus or cavity in any part of the 
foot where the ulceration has penetrated or 
is beginning to penetrate. The practiced eye 
decides these questions rapidly from the 
characteristic appearances, without the re¬ 
moval of unnecessary horn but. the uewbe- 
TEMPERATURE OF CREAM BEFORE 
CHURNING. 
as no cheese is made in this section, and 
w hat is imported is generally very inferior 
I wish you would be so good as to send me a 
jr goo ^f lavo red cheese. A smal 1 one 
is most desirable, as i want it for my own 
family use.—D. A. C., Pennsylvania. 
W ® often receive letters of similar import 
to the above, and, although we are not en¬ 
gaged in the cheese trade, and have no cheese 
to sell, we do these favors for our corresoond- 
WASHING BUTTER 
A CORRESPONDENT of the Cincinnati Gazette, 
, — ; - : ~t gives his views as 
•oes not the washing 
. I-.! aroma? We 
follows :—Tt is aske<_.. 
of butter cause the loss of its_ 
are sure -no. It lm3 nothing to do with it. It 
simply washes the milk out more readily, 
and saves labor in working out the butter - 
milk with a ladle. It rather assists in retain- 
