PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT 
of Husbandry, and has led all other States in 
the number of organizations of this Order the 
past two or lb rcc years. One of t he avowed ob¬ 
jects of the Order is to bring producer and con¬ 
sumer closer together, and save thv commis¬ 
sions of middlemen to both. At hen are the 
farmers of Iowa to reap such frai a from their 
organization? We hope they may do so; but 
we confess the tone of letters received does not 
indicate such results yet. 
these reports rather premature. It is too early 
in the season to determine t he extent of the 
damage from frost. We prefer awaiting further 
developments before attaching much value to 
these reports. Nothing definite can bo ascer¬ 
tained until after the frost leaves the ground 
and the roots begin to sprout.” 
logical Ring went for t he Legislature with the 
persistence of a swarm of black flies at a camp 
of trout fishers." 
We do not know how good at. "figuring” Col. 
Harris is, hut we happen to know that Dr. 
Fitch's earlier reports were of great value to 
the State—of real practical value. And we 
douill. if there is an intelligent farmer or horti¬ 
culturist in this State who has not been bene¬ 
fit ted by them, directly or Indirectly. We do 
not sympathize with our friend in his estimate 
of the value of this class of work, if his words 
above quoted are an index thereof. We get 
evidence, daily, of the importance the people 
attach to it, and know many instances where 
they have derived profit from the knowledge 
Just such men as Fitch, Walsh, Riley, House, 
Ll - I3aron and others have disseminated and 
are disseminating. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
The lnt<'r-8tntc Industrial Exposition at 
Chicago, the Evening Journal of April 1st an¬ 
nounces, is “ a fixed fact, not only for this year 
but annually hereafter. It will be no ‘empty 
show* either, the public may rest assured.” 
That Is good; and we give Chicago credit for 
being sensible as to a name, for once. It is an 
innovation to reject " International" and sub¬ 
stitute “Inter-State;" but we like it —and 
Chicago ougljt, of course, to get some comfort 
out of that fact! 
Conduotius Editor and Fu.’blislxer. 
A Pound of Butter from a Pint or Milk,—B. 
0. 8., Ithaca, N. Y., writes us that there is a 
man Belling recipes which !>« claims will enable 
any one to make a pound of butter from a pint 
of milk. Ho asks us if we knowanythingabout 
it, and what we think of it. With his letter 
came the Manufacturer and Builder, of New 
York City, edited by Ifr. P. H. Van Deh Wyoe 
a chemist, and a man of great scientific knowl¬ 
edge. In it we find a similar inquiry to ours, 
and the following reply by the editor“ A long 
l ime ago wo bought this identical proscription 
for the sole purpose of publishing it for the 
benefit- of our subscribers, expecting that some 
time a correspondent would turn up inquiring 
about It. This has happened now, and here is 
the prescription : 4 ounces pulverized alum, 'A 
an ounce pulverized gum-arabic, 50 grains pep¬ 
sin, mix w.dl together, and preserve in a bottle, 
One pint of good milk requires only one-third 
of a teaspoon of this powder. This is put in 
with t he yolk of one fresh egg for every pint of 
milk, and then it is churned, and the result 
will be half a pound of a mixture of butter and 
caseine for every pint of milk. In order to 
make a whole pound of butter for each pint, of 
milk, half a pound of good flutter for every pint, 
is smuggled into the churn, and the resulting 
butter will be not. only greater in quantity but 
also better in quality. It is evident that it is 
impossible to make a pound of butter from a 
pint or pound of milk, as all the solid matter 
in a pound of the richest milk butter, cheese, 
and milk-sugar together—is only about half a 
pound: therefore that half pound obtained 
must be something else besides butter, and so 
it is. Just try it; that so-called butter is not 
fatty- it will not stick together, as good butter 
does; it has notthe proper greasy, smooth look, 
but a dry and crumbly appearance. Of course 
it it is half cheese.” 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW S. FULLER. 
A»x»ooiute I£clitors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D„ Cortland Village, N. Y. 
EDITMK OK Tll« |)H*Tir.-K-T OF SlIIKF HUM** X MY. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Fails, N. Y„ 
EdITOE OF T11* Dm'iRTMKNT of Daiuy Hisiiavoky. 
TERMS, IN ADVANCE: 
Subscription.—8lnglo Copy, $2.00 per Year. To 
ClubsFive Copies, and one copy free to Agent or 
getter up of Club, for 412.50; Seven Copies, and one 
free, for #1(5 j Ten Copies, aud one free, 420—only 42 
per copy. As vre arc obliged to pre-pay the American 
postage on papers mailed to foreign countries. Twenty 
Cents should be added to above rates for each yearly 
copy mailed to Canada, and One Dollar per copy to 
Europe. Drafts, Post-0 nice Money Orders cud Regis¬ 
tered Lcttersmny be mailed at our rUii. '.P~ Liberal 
Premiums to all Club Agents who do not take free 
copies. BpeclatenNumbers. Show-Bills, Ac., sentfree 
Catalogue*, Etc., Received.—From Curtis & 
Coen, Boston, Mass., Three Catalogues of Flow¬ 
er and Vegetable Seeds and Nursery Catalogue. 
-From Beach, Son & Co., Brooklyn, N, Y., 
The Flower Garden aud Catalogue of Seeds.- 
From X. & J. T. BOO UK, Ba tavia, N. Y., Cata¬ 
logue of Trees, ShrubB, Vines, St c.-From Jas. 
F. Bumble, Sec'y, I'rem. List of Texas Ag.. 
Mcch., and Blood Stock Ass'n ; Fair, May 12-18. 
-From Hon. MarshallP. Wilder, Transac¬ 
tions of Mfuvs. Hurt. Soc. for 1872.-From W. 
S. Clark, Prcs't, Tenth Annual Report of Mas¬ 
sachusetts Agricultural College, at Amherst. 
-From Seth Grf.en, Rochester, N. Y., Re¬ 
port of the Commissioners of Fisheries of the 
Stale of New York for 1872.- From Peter 
Cooper, New York City, "The True Method of 
Representation in Large Constituencies," by C. 
C. P. Clarke, Oswego, N, Y.-From JonN S. 
Collins, Moorestmvn, N. J„ Wholesale Price 
List of Small Fruits, Plants, etc.-—From Ford 
Brothers?, Onoonta. X. Y.. Trade Circular of 
the Oneunta Agricultural and Machine Works. 
Calico Printing.—RosiNA sends us samples of 
her designs for calico printing, and asks us to 
tell her where calicoes are printed and whether 
she has “ the right idea of the thing ” and how 
long we think it would take her to learn it. We 
think she should go direct to some dealer in 
calico prints near home and learn the address 
of those of whom lie buys and write direct to 
them, and i bus obtain the information she de¬ 
sires. We know nothing about calico printers. 
\ntinnnl Exhibition of 8h«>rf-ll »rn».—Indiana 
is discussing the practicability of a National 
Exhibit ion of Short-Horns at its Fair at Indian¬ 
apolis, in September; it will be considered at 
the meet ing of the Indiana Short-Horn Conven¬ 
tion, May 27. The plan is to offer,large special 
premiums, which will bring together represen¬ 
tatives of the best herds iri the country. 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
Inside, 11 tb and Pith pages (Agate space).00c. per line. 
“ 7t.b aud 10th pages.l.tKi “ 
Outside or lust, page. . 1.50 “ 
Fitly per ocut. extra lor unusual display. 
Special Notices, leaded, by count.2.00 “ 
Business “ 2.50 “ 
Heading “ 3.00 •* 
i-iT No advertisement inserted for less than $3. 
PUBLICATION OFFICES: 
No. 5 BeeUnian Street. New York City, and No. 82 
Buffalo Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
THE SEASON, CROPS, PRICES, ETC, 
Brownsville, Nebraska, March 27. — Four 
inches of snow and sleet the 2olh. Clear and 
pleasant, l o-day. Wheat, $1.20; oats, 15c; corn, 
sacked, 18e; in ear, 15c; fall wheat looks well. 
A larger breadth of spring wheat and oats being 
sowed than previous years; fruit prospects 
good.—w. L. 
IJInck River, Jeff. Co., X. V., March 29. 
The winter lias been very cold and rough. 
Weighing began the first of November; very 
good since. The season past was good for (lie 
farmers; crops wore good. Wheat, $1.7.X"2; 
yum, 55c.; oats, 40e; potatoes, 50c; butter, 35c; 
cheese, l ie; hay, $14; farm labor, $20Gi25 aud 
board.—j. d. r. 
Waterman Station, Hi- Hall) Co., III., April 1, 
—To-day is very stormy—rain and snow mixed; 
the ground 1 b frozen about 1 feet deep ; thawed 
about fl or 8 inches, on l op. Two weeks ago wo 
had some nice, warm weather, and considerable 
wheat was sowed on fall plowing; since then, 
there has been a good deal of snow and winter. 
The prospects are now for a very late Spring.— 
S. F. F. 
Mr. J. II. Dodge for Commissioner of Agri¬ 
culture.—The Western Farmer says: “Mr. 
Done it has been connected with the Depart¬ 
ment since its organization in 1802, since i860 
has been Statistician, and has edit ed the Annual 
Reports since 1805; the Monthly Reports since 
they were first issued—if we arc correctly In¬ 
formed. We have never met .Mr. Dodge per¬ 
sonally, hut we know that ho has quietly, fait h¬ 
fully and well done a very large amount of work. 
No man in the country, it Is fair to suppose, is 
so familiar as lie with I lie Department, Its 
needs and its possible and proper work. There 
may be good reasons why he should not receive 
the appointment; if such do not exist, we be¬ 
lieve his t en years’ service In the Department is 
a stronger endorsement and a better proof of 
fitness for the important position of Commis¬ 
sioner titan any other man can present.” 
A Peace* Mn king Gun.—Col. JAMBSP.TAYLOR 
of East Tennessee has invented a mitralleuso 
gun, which it was our privilege, recently, to see 
tested at Sand's Point, L. I. The destructive 
features of this gun are, that it has 24 barrels, 
may discharge 24 cartridges a! once, and 210. 
Continuously, without change of cylinder; or, 
about 1,000 per minute. It will also discharge 
each one of these 24 cartridges, or ( In; 210, or 1,000, 
successively, or vn fuxtUuic. By the use pf a 
single lever. It discharges a volley of 24 shuts, 
forces t he brushes at the breech to clean the 
chambers, brings forw ard another charge from 
the feeder, and ejects the cartridges from the 
discharged chambers simultaneously. Unlike 
other guns of this class, when a volley Is dis¬ 
charged, the balls are spread horizontally, cov¬ 
ering a space ol 12 feet in 100 yards. 21 feet in 
200 yards, 36 feet in 300, and so on, .according to 
the range the inuzzlesof the barrels being ar¬ 
ranged in the form of an ellipse, instead of a 
circle. Another feature is that, notwithstand¬ 
ing the rapidity with which it is fired, the bar¬ 
rels cannot beat, they being inclosed in a cylin¬ 
der of water. We have not space to go Into the 
details of its mechanism. We saw it, at a dis¬ 
tance of 100 yards, put seven balls in a target 12 
feet wide, nearly In a horizontal position rela¬ 
tive tn each other; and discharged a distance 
of Vi to ■>.{ of a mile upon the Sound, the balls 
struck the water simultaneously, covering a 
distance, horizontally, equal to that claimed 
for it above. This gun (the first made) uses Pa¬ 
tent Berdan Center Fire 44 cartridges. (It can 
bo made of any capacity.) It weighs, with car¬ 
riage, 1,000 pounds. It is to go to the Vienna 
Exposil ion, in charge of Gen. Wilder, Commis¬ 
sioner from Tennessee. Meantime, another 
simplified gun, embracing the same principles, 
is to lie made and taken thither with this. We 
have not space to give the details of construc¬ 
tion, if it were necessary. We speak of what 
we saw, w hich is wonderful enough, and u credit 
to the modest inventor thereof. 
SATURDAY, APRIL 12, 1873. 
A NEW QUARTER, 
AND A GOOD TIME TO SUBSCRIBE! 
Agents, and all others of our rcuders interested, 
are adv ed that a New Quarter oj the Rural New- 
Yorker commence April 5. Our friends wIkibc sub¬ 
scriptions expired March 29, (as did all having No. 
1209 printed alt r nuiuu on address label,) should re¬ 
new at once in order to secure the uninterrupted 
continuance of their papers. And In renewing we 
trust each will induce one or more persons to sub¬ 
scribe. New clubB, and additions to clubs, (tu begin 
with the New Quarter, or lit any time.) are also now 
in order, nml we hope to add thousands of names to 
ourlistwitlnnafew weeks. Agcntsnnd other friends 
can do much lu that direction by u little effort at this 
season. 8eo notice under heading of “The Rural’s 
Spring Campaign,” on page 2D. 
Gypsum Analyses —Illustrating the value— 
or, rather, the want of value—of analyses, a 
correspondent writes us that he has seen com¬ 
parative analyses of Cayuga and Onondaga 
gypsum, which showed more gypsum in Cayuga 
than Onondaga piaster; and ho properly says 
that these comparisons arc as likely to do in¬ 
justice as to add to the knowledge of those who 
use this fertilizing agent; for the showing of 
each analysis must depend upon the selection 
made. Some rocks yield more, and some less. 
And he thinks, from experience, there is, on 
the average, little difference in the value of 
Cayuga and Onondaga plaster. 
RURAL BREVITIES 
The National Agricultural Congress meets at 
Indianapolis. May 27. 
Dr. Wm. Lb Baron has been re-appointed 
State Entomologist of Illinois. 
A Grange of Patrons of Husbandry is about 
to be organized in Sacramento, Cal. 
April 3d the Broadway fruit stores were dis¬ 
playing a profession of ripe straw berries. 
The Indiana Legislature lias appropriated 
$500 for the use of the Slate Horticultural So¬ 
ciety. 
AYe have inquiries for Silver-hull buckwheat 
seed. Let those who have it to sell advertise 
the fact. 
A New Orleans Correspondent asks where 
Coi.uy’s washer can be obtained. It should be 
advertised. 
AYe acknowledge the receipt of an invitation 
to attend the State Fair of Louisiana, April 23 
30, at New Orleans. 
An Illinois correspondent asks if the Doalt 
Combined Corn Planter and Cultivator is man¬ 
ufactured; if so, where. Let the manufactur¬ 
ers advertise. 
E, C. B. asks where he can obtain English 
Cluster hop plants, the number of plants re¬ 
quired per acre, and where a book can be ob¬ 
tained Lreating of hop culture. 
H. AY. 8. a.-ks from whom he can obtain the 
very best thermometer, hand-power churn; 
also, the best washing machine and clothes 
wringer. Let advertisers answer. 
\Ye cannot tell George AY. Newton where he 
can get “the genuine loadstone.” A good 
homeopathic establishment is that of Chas. T. 
HuuLnritT, 80S Broadway, N. Y. City. 
RURAL K0TE8 AND QUERIES. 
If You Don't Like II, Don't Take II !—AVe 
have just (April 5) received from Mr. J. AY. 
Peirce, Kalamazoo, Mich,, a letter dated March 
7. which we should not notice now but for the 
fact that he may suppose lie has Influenced our 
course in a certain matter of which he com¬ 
plains. AYe want Mr. Peirce to understand 
that it is none of his business whether we lose 
or gain subscribers; and that some of his state¬ 
ments and insinuations are as false as the gen¬ 
eral tone of liis letter is impudent and insult¬ 
ing; and that we conclude that the man who 
made them is as moan as his insinuations. 
Tlie American Pomologicnl Society is to 
hold its next meeting in Boston in September. 
There is a strong disposition manifest on the 
part of some of its members to inaugurate a 
departure from the work it was organized to do 
and embrace in the scope of its investigations 
the entire field of horticulture. AA'e hope this 
will never happen. It does not do its porno* 
logical work any too well now'. If it he made 
a national horticultural sonfety, its sessions 
would have to bo extended two or t hree weeks 
in order to meet the burden of work that would 
be thrust upon It; even then It would only 
duplicate work that is better done now by State 
and local societies. But lo the work of pomo¬ 
logies! nomenclature it should pay more par¬ 
ticular at tention. This, it seems to us, is very 
important, and yet but very little time has been 
devoted Io this subject, at any of the sessions 
of the Society vve have ever attended. 
Charles Dow ning.—AVe were glad to welcome 
to our sanctum again, Charles Downing, April 
4. His many friends will bo glad to know of 
his good health, and (hat this veteran and ac¬ 
complished pomologist continues to take a live¬ 
ly interest in all that relates to his specialty. 
By the way, referring to a paragraph in the Ru¬ 
ral New-Yorker of March 8, relative to 
Plumb s Cider Apple, ho says it is entirely dis¬ 
tinct, both in wmod and fruit, as lie has seen it, 
to Smith's Cider, and that Mr. Plumb was in 
error, in his earlier lists, in calling it, “ formerly 
Smith's Cider.” 
New England Tobacco Grower* and Middle¬ 
men.—According to the New England Home¬ 
stead, a party of tobacco growers in AYest 
Springfield, who have, in the aggregate, a mt 
100 tons (550 to (100 eases) of well-sorted tobacco, 
recently held a meeting to make arrangements 
to sell direct to the manufacturer, thereby sav¬ 
ing to themselves the commissions of the mid¬ 
dlemen. The. propose to take the risk of the 
summer sweat, s. ire samples from each owner, 
and, throw, i their own agent, dispose of their 
product direct to the cousumer. With the 
present facilities for travel, for communicating 
by telegraph, there is far less need that pro¬ 
ducers should be dependent upon middlemen 
for the sale of their products than formerly 
provided they unite in their action. Still, their 
agent is, alter all, a middleman. 
BUSINESS NOTICES 
Agricultural branch of the Survey wasewltched 
oil last year, as there was only one man living 
who could perform that work, and lie got stuck 
in the Black Swamp and had to give it up, after 
presenting a * specimen brick.’ AYe understand 
he is now bobbing for suckers and sunilsk in 
the Licking reservoir!” 
We insert the above paragraph to show that 
it must be “the principle of the thing" w'hich 
animates him to write the paragraph concern¬ 
ing our ex-State Entomologist which follows. 
Commenting on the fact that Dr. Fnrcn has 
resigned, Col, Harris says: 
“ We have known Dr. Fitch these last twenty 
years, as a clever and harmless gentleman, very 
much devoted to the study of bugs and things'; 
but from all be ha* discovered and written on 
the subject, we have never been able to figure 
up the cents' worth of economic value to the 
State which has pensioned him upon its slen¬ 
der bounty. Ohio barely escaped a similar in- 
fliotiou two or three ycBtt ago. when the Pomo- 
Postage Oil Seeds and Flam*.—The Post-Office 
Department, in its requirements concerning the 
manner in which seeds and plants shall be put 
up, is acting as if it desired to suppress the 
trade therein threugh the mails. AYe are con¬ 
stantly getting complaints of overcharges, be¬ 
cause the packages are not properly put up, 
wrapped In the right kind of wrapper, and in 
the right form, &c„ &c. It would be w ise if the 
Department would specify more distinctly 
what it requires. 
A11 seeking Southern investments or homes should 
subscribe for The South. Only journal of the kind 
in the country. See advertisement. 
Use t he Eureka Machine Twist and Eureka Button 
Hole Twist. They will give perfect satisfaction. 
S. B. PARSONS & SONS, Flushing, N. Y 
Rhododendrons and othc-r Trees and Plants. 
Ladies.—One-haif the trouble in running your 
Sewing Machine may be avoided by using the Eureka 
Machine twist. It is the best. 
Death of Hop Roots.—W ells’ hop circular 
says“ Our western exchanges are full of dis¬ 
couraging reports concerning the condition of 
the hop roots. Most of the old yards in Wiscon¬ 
sin are said to be winter-killed. AVe consider 
Low Prices in Iowa.—AYe receive letters every 
week from the good State of Iowa, complaining 
of low prices, hard times, &c. And yet Iowa is 
reported to have over 1,200 Granges of Patrons 
R. B. PARSONS & CO.’S Trees and Plants 
Rhododendrons, Ac., at Flushing, n, y. 
