272 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER 
APRIL 28 
progressiand :improvement."i 
.MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
1 A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
BOCAL, LITERABY AND EASILY NEWSPAPER. 
D. ». T. MOORE, 
Conducting Editor and Publinlier. 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW 8, FULLER, 
Aaaooiuto JOditorH. 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D., Cortland Village, N. Y„ 
EtHTOB OB TUB Dll’AJITMKNT OF SxKKP Hl'hlAMiRY, 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y„ 
Eunva or tiu Dci-ahtuc.-it or Diutr Hiaiimn, 
TERMS, IN ADVANCE: 
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per copy. A* we ure obliged to pre-pay tbe American 
postage on papers mulled to foreign countries. Twenty 
Cent* should bo added to above rates for eaen yearly 
copy mulled to Canada, and One Dollar per copy to 
Europe. Oralis, Pout-Office Money Orders and Regis¬ 
tered Letters may be mailed at our risk, tiY~ Liberal 
Premiums to ull Club Agents who do not take free 
copies. Specimen Numbers, Show-Bills, Ac., sent free 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
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PUBLICATION OFFICES: 
No. 5 Beekman Street, New York City, and No. 82 
Buffalo Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
ture.” Other localities are named; but In 
nearly every case, If not in all cases, the report 
“no cause for discouragement” comes from 
sections where them is a stable homo market 
for farm products. 
This leads us to remark, In this connection, 
that young men seeking homes, and old farm¬ 
ers who are restive and " pulling up stakes” in 
order to better their condition, should remem¬ 
ber that In locating It is far better to buy lesa 
land, pay more for it and settle where there Is 
a home demand for whatever is produced than 
to purchase five thousand acres of I he best 
land on the continent remote from a market. 
It does not matter how much corn a man can 
produce per acre, nor how many thoukaiUl 
bushels ho may have In bis cribs, if ho cannot 
it a misfortune to the State that Dr. Fitch’s 
age prevents him doing the Stato the service he 
formerly did; or that there is not some active 
I young entomologist to take up the work ami 
I prosecute it for the agriculturists and horticul¬ 
turists of New York, Elsewhere our friend 
Riley suggests the name of an entomologist 
who is worthy to prosecute this work. We 
shall be glad to Uo what we may to furnish him 
the opportunity. 
-- 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
Women In the Grange*-—One of the excellent 
peculiarities of the Order of Patrons of Hus¬ 
bandry. Judged from an outsider's standpoint, is 
sell it; or if he is compelled to sell It, to find' f l l>*t woman arc admitted to equal membership 
SATURDAY, APRIL 20, 1873. 
MANUFACTURES AND AGRICULTURE. 
The Rural New-Yorker has repeatedly 
urged that farmers who dcsiro prosperity that 
is permanent and without fluctuations, should 
use all possible effort to develop and supply a 
home market. We should have no wars with 
railways, no denunciation of bloated m mopo- 
lics oil the part of farmers, if the farmer’s 
market were at bis own door; for those could 
uot exist. The powor of railway monopolies to 
oppress farmers comes of their depondenco 
upon remote and foreign markets fi >r t he sale 
of their products. They are compelled to com¬ 
pete with the world, and it is in the power of 
those railways to render them utterly power¬ 
less to compete. If farmers wore not compelled 
to ship t heir products In order that they may 
roach consumers, the railways Could levy no 
tax thereon. If those who manufacture oir 
wool, grain, (iux, hemp, hides, &c„ &c.,and who 
consume ourbeef, pork, grain, fruit, vegetables, 
butter, cheese, cotton, tic., are close at hand, 
and supply us with our manufactured necessi¬ 
ties in exchange for our raw products, the 
tariffs of railways and middlemen cannot be 
levied ; our money is kept circulating at home, 
and the relation of values is not fluctuating 
nor uncertain. Each locality is a commercial 
center t hat regulates its own affairs and scarcely 
feels the influence of a panic in Wall street or 
an advance in discount rates in the Bunk of 
England. But so long as exchanges must be 
made through Wall street nnd the Bank of En¬ 
gland, so long may our farmers rest assured 
that their profits will be both email and uncer¬ 
tain, with only exceptional cases. 
This opinion is confirmed by observation, 
experience and testimony. Wherever there Is 
a locality with non-producing population suffi¬ 
cient t.o consume the products of the farmers 
of a neighborhood, no complaint of hard times 
is made. If it is a manufacturing population 
that is to be supplied and the prices of manu¬ 
factures arc high, the prices of farm products 
appreciate correspondingly. But whether prices 
appreciate or not, a non-producing population 
must cat in order to live, and a market for food 
material is assured. Prosperity may attend 
local manufacturers when the foreign market 
forproduce la depressed, and those who depend 
upon it for (he sale of their produce may thus 
lose, while the producer who is in contact with 
the thrifty consumer, may fool no effects from 
such depreciation. This is no imaginary case ; 
it is everyday experience in localities adjacent 
to manufacturing centers. The recent report 
of J. R. Dodge, Statistician of the Depart moat 
of Agriculture, in relation to the “ Discourage¬ 
ments of Farmers and their Remedies,” proves 
this position. While great general discourage¬ 
ment is reported as existing among agricultur¬ 
ists, Mr. Dodge declares that “A small minor¬ 
ity of the reports declare that no cause for dis¬ 
couragement exists. They arc scat tered t hrough 
the country, more frequently in Pennsylvania, 
where prosperity of manufactures and mining 
have given great encouragement tp ugricul- 
that he cannot get for it what it cost him. lie. 
might as well not have any com. Nor is he 
with his thousands of acres of fertile land nnd 
i Ids thousands of bushels of corn, any better off 
than lie who lias a hundred acres and can sell 
everything he can produce thereon promptly 
at remunerative prices. 
Tt seems to us this question of home markets 
(as we have nalil before) Is one of paramount 
Importance to American farmers, it solves the 
railway question; it solves the financial prob¬ 
lem. Exporting our specie and bonds, and our 
grain, beef and pork at a loss, does not pay our 
indebtedness nor relieve us of our embarrass¬ 
ments. It enables foreign manufacturers to 
compete with and destroy our home manufac¬ 
tures. It does not develop the resources of our 
own country, rmr utilize them for our own 
profit. It keeps both manufacturers and agri¬ 
culturists in the power of nnd subject to the 
whims, caprices, corners nnd speculations of 
the money centers, and makes of ail sorts of 
business a lottery, and as unstable as is the 
honesty of tlie gambler and burglar. Protect, 
encourage, build up home manufactures, im¬ 
port only capital and skilled labor to engage 
therein, export only tlioso articles upon which 
lias been exhausted all the labor that can bo 
put upon them, and it will not be long ere the 
farmer will find abounding remuneration for 
his labor. 
■■ ■*«» — 
SCIENTISTS VS. PRACTICAL MEN. 
In our issue of April 12, wc quoted Col. S. D. 
Harris’s estimate of the value of the work of 
the New York State Entomologist, Dr. Fitch. 
The Colonel still adheres to his first estimate, 
and says: 
Tbcso scientists can tell us the names of the 
Insect tribes. In Greek, Latin and Dutch, and 
how many rings t hey have around their tails, 
and all about their transformations, hyberna¬ 
tions and emigrations, but bow to deal with the 
cusses, has generally Lean the discovery of the 
practical farmers and horticulturists, who could 
not even pronounce their names in I n© original 
Greek, etc. Science is nrnjghtygood tiling In 
Its place, as an Interpreter of nature, but its 
fat© has been to follow, instead of lead, in the 
discovery of things of real economic value to 
(be farmer and horticulturist. 
Now, it maybe true that science follows, in¬ 
stead of loads, in the discovery of things of real 
economic value to ( lie farmer and horticultur¬ 
ist. in most cases we think this true, so far as 
the past history of science is concerned. Tlie 
truth is, scientific men have been content, or, 
rather,have aimed, to deal with abstractions 
being careful not to soil their patrician bands 
and reputations with matters so far plebeian as 
to be practical. But their work has helped to 
build upsomeof the most important Industries, 
and resulted in some of tlie most important dis¬ 
coveries which now shed their benlflcent results 
upon modern social lifts. This work should not 
be under-estimated. Nor can It be prosecuted 
unless inon who devote their lives to it arc sup¬ 
ported in some mariner. Tho practical world 
cannot afford to have them stop this work. It 
had far better pension them, that they may bo 
able to proscouto it, though we agree with our 
contemporary, that their work would be far 
better appreciated if they aimed at practical 
results more than they do. 
But now about Dr. Fitch We take up his I 
first Report and open it at his first article on 
insects affecting the root— or upon “ Apple-root 
Blight." Ho gives us, condensed and arranged, 
all the facts that had been gathered by practi¬ 
cal men conccrnlngthe plant louse which causes 
tills blight. He quotes a Chester Co., Pa., farm¬ 
er, scientific men who have studied its habits, 
and calls the attention of nurserymen to it— < 
they having opportunities of studying it which 1 
he does not. in other words, lie directs the 1 
attention of nurserymen to the cause of death 1 
in a groat number of trees which they send out, 1 
and teils us how tlie trees may bo saved. Wo 1 
happen to know that tlie facts Dr. Fitch stated 1 
and the advice he gave, has saved the planters 1 
of trees ton times the money that the .State of > 
New' York has ever paid him for his work as its 
Entomologist. 1 
Then take his paper on the Apple-Tree Borer ( 
as another example—tlie second article In his 
first report. We should like our friend Harris 
to tell us where the same Information (includ- c 
ing contributions of experience and practice r 
from practical men) can be had excopt it lias i 
been prepared and furnished by scientific men. t 
We are not defending Dr. Fitch because he is < 
a New-Yorker, nor because we happen to live i 
in the same .State; but fifteen years ago we \ 
were engaged in farming, and had received t 
from B. r. Johnson the first two reports; and we r 
happen to know' they were profitable to us and c 
to our neighbors, as farmers. The Reports since i 
made are none the less valuable, and we regard r 
and privileges with men. By this means, wo¬ 
men learn more of men’s practical business re¬ 
lations than they otherwise would, and are 
brought into fuller nnd.mrrre Intelligent sympa¬ 
thy with tho requirements and responsibilities 
of farm life than by any other mode wc know 
nf, and are, therefore, better able to utilize their 
quicker perceptions and more accurate Intub 
Mope for Hie common good. Added, they 
ought to be enabled to bring forward t he claims 
of the household and its economies into greater 
prominence, and secure therefor more careful 
consideration than is usually accorded by farm¬ 
ers. It swms to us It will be the fault of Hie 
women belonging to this Order if they do not 
succeed In securing such recognition for them¬ 
selves and their own needs. That, they arc not 
yet doing it la apparent from what wo read and 
hear. An Iowa woman says the lady members 
have HWIc to say or do at the meeting*; and she 
I urges that while f fie brethren discuss the mer¬ 
its of farm machinery, tho women “should 
avail themselves of thosamo privilege, and learn 
something of the merits of the machines that 
are needed in thrtr department t he best way of 
obtaining good butter and bread ; and further, 
if they would do their part In making the 
Grange what it should be, a congenial place to 
all, by introducing some literary or social 
amusement, it would bo the means of increas¬ 
ing our members and promoting the Interest 
of a good cause." 
■ 
The Vienna Exposition. Our readers well 
know that we have not favored tho appropria¬ 
tion of money from the United States Treasury 
In order that America might contribute to tbe 
Exposition at Vienna, Austria. Therenromany 
States in t he Union interested in securing im¬ 
migration, and the investment of capital In the 
development of mineral and other resources, 
that could afford tho appointment of commis¬ 
sioners and the appropriation of money ns a 
means of securing such immigration and Invest¬ 
ment. Some of the States have dime Ihis. But 
w« can see no good reason why the people, as a 
whole, should pay for the transportation of 
goods that belong to Individuals and that uro 
contributed to the Exposit ion for personal pur¬ 
poses and profit alone. Every development in 
relation to tho matter confirms us in our opinion. 
The latest is contained in a telegram, dated 
Vienna, April 19, to tho New York Herald, as 
follows: 
Swindling Is reported In connection with the 
appointment of the American Commissioners 
t o the international Industrial Exhibition to be 
bold in this city. It L* assorted that many of 
tho Commissioners purchased tha position for 
the sake of the honor of appearing In an official 
character at the assemblage of the Fair and 
during Its management. One of tin* gent lemen 
says be paid the sum of $6,IXX). but the rate gen¬ 
erally charged was somewhere In the neighbor¬ 
hood of $2,000. The majority of tho Cuminis- 
sioners are incapable persons. The m.»re re¬ 
spectable among them are engaged In institut¬ 
ing inquiry into the matter of the swindle. 
It would be interesting to know who got 
these fees and who the Commissioners are who 
paid thorn. Wo hope, If tho dispatch is true, 
t here will be a complete exposure of tho whole 
affair. 
-m—- 
Grain in Chicago. The Chicago Evening Jour¬ 
nal, April 15, says the Chicago elevators contain 
2,247,313 bushels of wheat, 5,820,514 bushels of 
corn, 1,75323)1 bushels of oats, 290,209 bushels of 
rye, 233,781 bushels of barley; and vessels In the 
harbor contain 153,330 bushels of wheat, and 
1,212,HI bushels of corn—a total of 11,715,918 
bosliels of all kinds and grades of grain. Tho 
amount reported in the New York city ware¬ 
houses is 450,000 bushels of wheat, 1,677,000 bush¬ 
els of corn, 505,000 bushels of oats, 03,000 bushels 
of rye, 70,000 bushels of barley, and 172,000 bush¬ 
els of malt—a total Of 3,003,000 bushels of ail 
kinds and grades; in New York and Chicago, a 
total of 14,719,518. The Journal says:—The visi¬ 
ble supply of grain, including stocks in store at 
the principal points of accumulation at lake and 
seaboard ports, and in transit by rail and frozen 
in on the New York canals, April 5,1873, was 
23,297.875 bushels, embracing 7,508,473 bushels of 
wheat, 10,937,328 bushels of corn, 3,950,100 bush¬ 
els of oats, and 901,878 bushels of barley. 
-*♦*-• 
Thing* hi North Carolina.—A Halifax, N. C., 
correspondent predicts that in a few years most 
of the plantations of Eastern North Carolina 
will be grown up in bush for want of laborers to 
till tho soil. He saysNear me, in this little, 
old town of Halifax, there arc from 50 to 100 
negro woman and girls who, literally, do no 
work, and yet it Is with the utmost difficulty 
that any of us oau get a cook or house-servant; 
and if, perchance, one should condescend to 
come, we must be careful and almost obsequious 
in order to retain her for a week. Wages have 
risen from $4 to $10 per month for cooks, and 
uch cooks! women Kterally from tho corn¬ 
field. These people live off what is stolen from 
the farmers. Corn-bread, bacon, and a blanket 
on the floor, servo for them; and if they can 
only decorate themselves with gew-gawx they 
are happy In their Idleness. The labor problem 
Is the problem to be solved for ns. Tlie day is 
fast approaching when the white man who has 
a family Inured tu work, whose daughters will 
milk the cows and do the washing and cooking, 
{ and whose sons take to the plow handles, will 
J rule the roost with us." 
Market Fair*.— In former years we have 
frequently urged the advantages to fanners 
of regular market, days and l airs, or Boards- off 
Trade. Not tho least Important, result of sucht 
I gatherings, aside from the money profit dirent,. 
| is the personal contact and communion wKhi 
each other, Involved. Urging similar ideas to* 
those we have promulgated, a correspondent of 
tho Iowa Farmer says; 
At such fairs or markets wo can regularly 
meet, and cheerfully greet our brethren of tho 
plow, the pen, the press, nnd pulpit; and after 
ouch one having supplied Ills or Imr wants from 
tho surplus of his neighbor, and the business of 
the day over, each one bas ing got and paid tho 
full and fair value of his commodity, and from 
first hands, we could then retire to an intel¬ 
lectual feast in the exchange of sentiment to 
the mutual benefit of each other. We could 
not. Mien be compelled to witness but. frown 
down tho evil Influences that, exist, in agricul¬ 
tural societies, jockey clubs and horse races. 
Hop Prospect*. Emmet Wells’ Circular, 
dated April 17th, says : 
'The week has been characterized by extreme 
dullness, the result of continued stringency in 
the money market. Prices, In consequence, 
are lower and unsettled. No change for the 
better Is now anticipated until the lute dis¬ 
couraging advices from Wisconsin concerning 
the condition of tho hop roots Is confirmed by 
further developments, Should the damage by 
winter-kill In that region prove ns serious thirty 
days hence as now reported, it must, influence 
tho markets favorably. Throughout New York 
Ktate and the Fast ifm hop yards arc reported 
as being In good condition, having wintered 
well under the protection of a good body of 
snow, though It in considered "too eurlv yet to 
form much of an opinion about it. \Ve note 
the shipment, this week, of 650 hales of oM hops 
to London. A few more such heavy drafts 
upon our already much reduced stock? will be 
likely to enhance tho value of the few good 
olds remaining unsold. 
— — «»» 
Tlie Dairy Roslnc**.—All our readers inter¬ 
ested in any branch of dairying arc referred to 
the announcement of Whitman & Burrell, 
Llttlo Kails, X. Y., in last number—page 262. 
Their Illustrated Catalogue and Circular, giving 
plans of tho best choose factories, cuts of steam 
boilers, engines, etc., should bo examined by 
till In want of dairy machinery or apparatus. 
Messrs. W. & B. are extensive manufacturers 
nnd dealers in cheese factory apparatus, dairy 
Supplies, etc., and agents for the celebrated 
Anderson Steam Boiler; also exclusive agents 
for Hie sale of Annattoine, and importers of 
Bavarian amt Irish rennets, &c. 
- ■■ - - 
Wmiern Home* for tin* BiihI. An Oregon pa¬ 
per states that an Eastern man is now in that 
Ktate purchasing horses for the Eastern market 
shipping them to the Atlantic cities, to sup¬ 
ply the places of Uioho lost by the epizootic. 
He has purchased and shipped from Idaho, Ne¬ 
vada and Eastern Oregon over 5,000 head. 
-*-m-- 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
H. J. L., Ft. Wayne, Ind We believe the Arm 
|you name is reliable. 
The old settlors of Chautauqua county, N. Y., 
are to have a re-union at Kredonia, June 11. 
J. F. Hteenkoh is informed that Rainy Lake 
and Lake Superior are not connected by water. 
A. J. Perkins ; We do not know tho address 
of the manufacturers of tho fruit basket you 
name, 
The Secretary of Hie Illinois State Grange of 
Husbandry reports 308subordinate Granges In 
that State, up to March 26. 
Thomas Holer, Flyman, Wls„ is informed 
that (lie gentleman named by him has boon an 
importer of Ayrshire stock, has won prizes wit h 
it atour State Fairs, and is, so far aa we are in¬ 
formed, a reliable man. 
A. M. asks some one who has had experience 
to toll him the beat form of skeleton trotting 
wagon, with springs, very light; also how to 
stain wood red or black, as thread spools, brush 
handles, &<•., arc stained. 
Mrs. 8. A. Watte Is informed that we do not 
know whore she can get seed of Hie “Flour 
Corn." Should like to have you send us a speci¬ 
men of the fibrous plant that produced tho 
fiber forwarded, that wc may iletcrmino what 
it is. 
Several inquirers are informed that wc do 
not. know who has the plant Thyrmcanthtui 
ruUlaiiK Illustrated on page 253, Rural New- 
Yorker, April 19. Probably any prominent 
nurseryman and plantsman advertising in our 
columns can furnish it, 
W. K. 0., Blue Grass, Iowa, is informed that 
Hie frosting used in wax work is made of very 
thin scales of gla.-x and may be obtained of 
11 icssi'i-IN Kohnstamm, 100 Chambers St., N. Y. 
City. “ Wax Flowers and How to -Make Them ” 
may be obtained at. this office price, $3. 
John M. Simpson writes; “1 have no recol¬ 
lection of ever scelug an engraving or descrip¬ 
tion of a straw or fodder cutter in tho Rural. 
I want to get the best. Now, »lioso make will 
1 gotV” Wn cannot answer MjQ question; wo 
have not had them all, and doubt if unv oric 
knows which is “the beat." 
“ An Enolish Girl,” Monroe Co., N. Y., who 
sent us. Kept, 14, a letter commenting upon 
Miss Waukk’ 8 estimate of English people, is 
informed that it was mislaid with other papers 
and has just come to our notice, too late to 
print. We mention the fact lest she may sup¬ 
pose our “American prejudice ” prevented its 
appearance. 
