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MOOSE’S BUBAL NEW-YOBKEB. 
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DAILY RURAL LIFE. 
From the Diary of a Gentleman near New 
York City. 
TRANSPLANTING LARGE MAPLES. 
April 22.—A few days since, while passing 
along one of the unfrequented roads in a wild 
region of country a few miles from my home, 
I found a handsome row of sugar maples 
which some former owner of the place had 
planted on the roadside. These trees were 
from four to eight inches in diameter at the 
base, and straight as an arrow, with finely 
formed heads. As I wanted fifteen just such 
trees for a particular purpose, I ventured to 
ask the present owner of the dilapidated- 
looking place his price for the trees. Judg¬ 
ing from the surroundings of the dwelling 
and out-buildings, I did not think the pro¬ 
prietor had sufficient good taste to fully 
appreciate such beautiful ornaments, and in 
this I was not mistaken ; for when asked if 
he would sell, he answered, “Yes, if a man 
gives me my price.” Ho named it, and 1 
(•losed the bargain at once. To-day I have 
been transplanting these trees ; and although 
so very large, 1 have no fear of losing them, 
for they had but few large roots, the greater 
part being smal l fibers, which are of far more 
importance than coarse, large ones. In dig¬ 
ging, J struck a circle seven feet in diameter, 
and all root* passing beyond this boundary 
wore cut off and all within carefully pre¬ 
served. The trees had to be loaded upon 
wagons and hauled about live miles to the 
place where they were planted ; but during 
this operation the roots were kept covered 
with sacks and sprinkled occasionally, to 
prevent drying. In planting, fine, rich soil 
v as carefully worked in about the. roots and 
packed firmly, and over the surface of the 
soil I shall now place a mulch of coarse stable 
manure. This will not only aid in keeping 
the soil moist, but the juices of the manure 
will be carried down to the roots by the 
rftiu. f consider that, mulching with manure 
is a far better plan than putting it, into the 
ground, where it is likely to come in direct 
contact with the roots. Of course, a portion 
of the branches of every tree was removed, 
but only in proportion to the quantity of 
roots destroyed. The ends of every root cut, 
oil or broken with the spade, was carefully 
cut again, either with a sharp saw or prim¬ 
ing-knife. New rootlets will issue far more 
speedily from t he end of a root the cells of 
which have been smoothly severed than from 
one crushed or broken off. 
HAVEN'T ANY TIME. 
The man from whom I purchased the 
above-mentioned trees is a fair specimen of a 
large class of farmers who can still be found 
in our Eastern States. He has no time t o do 
anything, except draw up plans and form 
resolutions as to what he is going to do. He 
was busy this morning, until after breakfast; 
then he came out where we were digging up 
the trees, and informed me that there was 
always so much to do on a farm that a man 
scarcely knew where to begin ; and it was 
evident from the appearance of the entire 
place that this “not knowing where to be¬ 
gin ” had puzzled him many years. There 
had been no attempt to make garden; the 
liiua bean poles lay in the garden just where 
l !iey were left after gathering the crop last 
l all, The manure fr <»li the stable was heaped 
up in front of the door, and his horses had to 
plunge t hrough or over it every time they 
were taken in or out. A half-acre patch of 
oats was sown, and this was all the visible 
work that had been done by himself, and 
hired man, on a seventy-acre farm, this 
spring. To every suggestion 1 made in regard 
to improvements, I received the same stere¬ 
otyped answer “havn’t any time,” although 
the one uttering it has done nothing but loaf 
about all this spring, and from indications will 
continue in the same occupation the remain¬ 
der of his life. This specimen of a certain 
type of the genua homo, is a large, strong 
and apparently healthy individual but un¬ 
fortunately he was bora “ tired,” hence he 
finds farming a very laborious and unprofita¬ 
ble business. He has his value in community 
however, being a consumer ; and whenever 
it happens that a good thing comes into his 
possession, even by chance, as in the case of 
the maple trees, some one more enterprising 
than himself is benefited. 
THE FIRST FUCHSIA. 
Anvil 2-3.—In quite a number of papers 
received of late, I have found the following 
story in regard to the first Fuchsia : 
The history of the first Fuchsia, its intro¬ 
duction to Europe, and the commencement 
of its sul quent, popularity, form a very 
romantic : ' ' ay, and we condense it from the 
original story" as told by the Gardener’s 
Chronicle Old Mr. Lee, a nurseryman and 
gardener near London, well known fifty or 
sixty years ago, was one day Rhowing his 
variegated treasures to a friend, who sudden¬ 
ly turned to him and declared, “ Well you 
have not, in your collection a prettier flower 
than 1 saw this morning at Wupping.” “No. 
and pray what was this phoenix like Y” 
“ Why, the plant was elegant, and the flower 
hung in row s like tassels from the pendant 
branches, their colors the richest crimson ; in 
the center a fold of deep purple,” &e. Par¬ 
ticular directions being demanded and given, 
Mr. Lee posted off to the place, where he at, 
once perceived that the plant wiih new in this 
part of the world. IJe. saw and admired. 
Entering the house, he said, “My good wo¬ 
man this is ft nice plant. 1 should like to buy 
it.” “ Ah, sir, 1 could not sell it for no mon¬ 
ey, for it was brought me from the West 
Indies by mv husband, who has now' left 
again, and f must keep it for his sake.” 
“But. T must have it.” “Here,” emptying 
his pockets, “here, is gold, silver and cop¬ 
per;” (Ills stock was something more than 
eight guineas). “ Well-a-day, but this is a 
power of money, Rure and sure!” 4? Tis 
yours, and the plant is mineand, my good 
ilame, you shall have one of the first young 
ones! rear, to keep for your husband’s sake.’ 
A coach was called, in which was safely 
deposited our florist and his seemingly dear 
purchase. His first work was to pull off and 
utterly destroy every vestige of blossom and 
blossom-hud;‘it was divided into cuttings, 
which were forced into bark beds, and hot¬ 
beds, were re-divided and sub-divided. Every 
effort was used to multiply the plant,. By 
the commencement of the next flowering 
season, Mr. Lee was the delighted possessor 
of three hundred Fuchsia plants, all giving 
promise of blossom. The two which opened 
first were removed into his show-house. A 
lady came : 
“Why Mr. Lee. my dear Mr. Lee, where 
did you gel this charming flower ?” “ Hem 1 
’tis a new tiling, rnv lady—pretty, is it not?” 
“Pretty I His lovely, its price?” “A guinea. 
Thank your ladyship and one of the two 
plants stood proudly in her ladyship’s .bou¬ 
doir. “ My dear Charlotte ! where did you 
get that elegant flower?” “Oh, Mis a new 
thing ; I saw it at Lee’s ; pretty, is it not V 
“Pretty! Mis beautiful! Its price V “A 
guinea; there was another left,” The visit¬ 
or’s horses smoked off to the suburb ; n third 
flowering plant stood on the spot whence the 
first had been taken. The second guinea was 
infill and the second chosen fuchsia adorned 
t he drawing-room of her second ladyship. 
The scene was repeated, as new comers 
saw and were attracted by the beauty of the 
plant. New chariots flew to the gates of old 
Lee’s nursery ground. Two fuchsias, voung, 
graceful, and bursting into healthful flow er, 
Were constantly seen on t lie same spot in bus 
nMio.fi 1 .ory. He neglected not to gladden the 
faithful sailor’s wife by the promised gift; 
btti ere the flower season closed 800 guineas 
clinked in his purse, the produce of the single 
shrub from the window in Wapping; the 
reward of the i isle, decision, skill and perse¬ 
verance of old Mi'. Lee. 
Some twenty years ugo, an old Scotch gar¬ 
dener told me a story which will answer very 
well as a sequel to the above, although I 
would not like to vouch for the truth of 
either. Many years after the introduction 
of the “ First Fuchsia,” the agent of von 
Humboldt, wdio had lately returned from 
his travels in Mexico, called upon Mr. Lee, 
desiring t,o sell him the entire stock of a new 
fuchsia which they had brought home with 
them. Years before this, two Spanish natu- 
ralists, by the name of Mocmo and Jesse, 
had met with a remarkable species of this 
genus in Mexico, the flowers of which were 
some four or five inches long and of a bright 
vennillion color. Of course, this was a treas¬ 
ure w T hich any florist might be excused for 
coveting, especially as no fuchsia with flow¬ 
ers more than half as long was then known 
to European florists. When the agent, re¬ 
ferred to above, informed Mr. Lee that the 
plants offered were of this long-coveted spe¬ 
cies, upon which a botanist had bestowed 
the name of Fuchsia fulyens* (Glowing,) it 
can be readily imugiued how anxious he 
must have been to close a bargain for the 
stock of this wonderful plant. A thousand 
guineas was the price asked and paid, the 
agent giving Mr. Lee a written guarantee 
that the plants purchased comprised the en¬ 
tire stock brought, home. In the days of no 
steamboats and few travelers visiting Mexi¬ 
co, there was no danger from competition, 
for several years at least, and the possessor 
of choice plants had little fear of rival gar¬ 
deners. Mr, Lee propagated his new fuch¬ 
sia its rapidly as possible, and as soon as the 
stock on hand would warrant, the plants 
wore offered to the public at that good old 
price of a guinea each. 
But an unknown rival appeared in the 
market; CUNNINGHAM of Edingburgh, Scot¬ 
land, announced that he had good plants of 
tlie said new fuchsia, price half a guinea. 
Mr. Lee dispatched an agent to Edinburgh 
to learn what this meant, and if possible, 
ascertain where Mr. Cunningham obtained 
his stock, provided he really had the genuine 
sort. The said agent obtained no further 
1 information than that Mr. Cunningham’s 
plants were the same as Mr, Lee’s, and the 
number on hand nearly if not quite as great 
Mr. Lee reduced the price to half a guinea : 
then Cunningham followed by putting the 
price of his plants down to five shillings. 
This was too much for Mr. Lee, and lie got 
OUt an injunction to prevent his rival dispos- 
i ing of more plants at such a ruinous (to him) 
low price. Cunningham paid no attention to 
the injunction but continued to sell his plants, 
"while Mr. Lee held on, hoping to make Cun¬ 
ningham pay for the loss. The suit came up 
before the courts, Cunningham getting the 
trial adjourned from time to time, or carry¬ 
ing up the suit to higher courts, in order to 
increase tlie costs as much as possible. After 
baffling his opponent in every manner possi¬ 
ble, and he (Cunningham) being driven to 
the wall, where he must show his title or 
have the case go against him, lie brought 
forward his cash book, and showed that at a 
certain date in the same year that Mr. Lee 
bought tlie imported plant* of the new Fuch¬ 
sia, he had purchased for a small sum of one 
of the axinen of tlie party, a package of 
Fuchsia seed. 
Of course, Mr. Lee was beaten, and had 
the costs to pay, which had amounted to 
many thousands of pounds. It was said that 
the Lees never fully recovered from this 
blow upon their finances. Mr. Lee got all 
he purchased, and the agent delivered to 
him every plant »s agreed upon ; but neither 
party probably ever thought that there was 
any seed in existence—at least, not in Europe 
Of course, Mr. Cunningham came as honestly 
by his plants as Mr. Lee by his first and last 
Fuchsia. * 
DON'T CROWD YOUR TREES. 
A pril 27.—Few persons escape making the 
great mistake of planting trees too close to¬ 
gether. This is especially observable in a 
majority of eases where trees are planted in 
groups upon lawns. While the trees are small 
they look too scattering, therefore, few per¬ 
sons can withstand the temptation of crowd¬ 
ing them on account, of the improved appear¬ 
ance at the time of planting, forgetting that 
in a few years a portion must be removed 
(which is seldom, if ever, done,) or ah will he 
rained. Evergreens in particular are, as a 
rule, planted too close, and the deformed 
specimens, in consequence, to be seen in 
both public and private grounds in all parts 
of the coiuitry show the folly of this almost 
universal practice. I seldom go a mile from 
home without seeing failures in the cultiva¬ 
tion of evergreens which are traceable to this 
one mistake of crowding. The trees are 
planted when only three or four feet high, 
and half as broad; but a half dozen years 
makes a wonderful change in size and ap¬ 
pearance, and unless planted ten to twenty, 
or more feet apart, their branches become 
interlaced, and the symmetrical beauty of 
each crowded specimen destroyed. Give 
room or plant less number, is a safe system 
to follow. 
fifarni (Kfonontw. 
— — ■. - — ■ — —■ - — — — - i 
SYSTEM IN FARMING. 
To any business man commencing to stock 
a good farm, the first consideration should be 
the number of each variety of live stock 
which will best suit the condition of tlie soil, 
the accommodate >ns i u buddings and climate, 
as also the convenience of marketing. The 
sending to market of fruit and vegetables 
does not belong to legitimate agriculture, for 
this is horticulture ; a farmer grows grain 
and cattle food, producing for sale meal, 
wool, butter or cheese, and any general agri¬ 
cultural product.; but he who is really a mar¬ 
ket gardener, grows all, or most of the arti¬ 
cles sold by green grocers, the attention to 
which, while growing, and the gathering of 
wliich, would seriously interfere with the 
perfect system requisite on a first-class farm, 
particularly where labor is scarce aud uncer¬ 
tain. 
A good system would increase the fertility 
of the land, and would result in augmenting 
the crops so much as to enable many more 
animalsto be bred, raised and fattened, which 
would, at the same time, give additional rich 
manure to replenish plant food. Thus, by 
breeding every kind of live stock, there 
would be no purchases, but a great deal of 
selling, which would bring in much moucy, 
without paying out, excepting for the labor 
and taxes. 
When the writer of this was a little boy, 
he used to sit aud hear his father and neigh¬ 
bors talk over agricultural matters on winter 
evenings ; and as all were tenant farmers, 
and the vicinity an improving district, with 
a good deal of arable land of various quality, 
it may be interesting to reproduce one or 
two of their arguments and some of their 
calculations. 
For instance, on one occasion news had 
just been brought that Mr. B. bad taken the 
Hinehwick farm, of 800 acres, at a rent of 
one pound per acre. This was a poor farm, 
on the borders of the Cotswold Hill, and Mr. 
B. was a “ goa.-ho.ad ” man, with other farms 
rented. It was thought to be a farm on 
which little could be made ; however, the 
lour course system of cultivation was “the 
custom of the country” on the hill, and the 
calculation of the country commenced ac¬ 
cordingly ; 200 acres Of wheat, 200 of turnips 
and Swedes, 200 of barley and oats, and 200 
of clover and rye grass mixed. The wheat 
would not be more than 20 bushels per acre, 
which, at the then price of Cs. per bushel, 
came to £1,200 ; the other crops would he all 
eaten by sheep, cattle and hogs ; therefore, 
it was agreed, being poor land, only 400 sheep 
could be bred and sold per year, which would 
make £800, and their wool £200, with wool 
from the main flock £300; beef, £400, and 
hogs £200—total, £8,100. Now, there were 
tithes and taxes on this farm, which, added 
to the rent of.£800, made over £1,000; so 
that a third of the sum made was required 
for rent and taxes, and an equal sum for 
manual labor, tradesmen’s bills and wear 
and tear of implements, leaving another 
third to pay interest on capital, and pay for 
casualties, seeds which were not grown, aud 
for superintendence and profit, which we 
thought to be little enough. 
Mr. B. began with a much heavier stock 
than stated, gave his fattening sheep a great 
deal more grain than could bo grown for tho 
flock after working cattle and other stock 
wore fed, and lie fattened hundreds of hogs 
for the sake of making more and richer ma¬ 
nure—tho result of which extra feeding was 
not only fatter and better animals, but the 
manure was so feeding to the land that his 
crops yielded 50 per cunt, more : and from 
the use of so much grain, the animals ate so 
little hay, comparatively, and the turnips 
doubled in weight per acre, which, conse¬ 
quently, enabled a wonderful accession of 
stock to be made, thereby upsetting old time 
reckoning, though if all the first calculations 
were doubled, it would not lie far from the 
truth. 
For poor land, or any light soil, tho four- 
course system is a good one in England ; hut 
ou deeper and better tracts, and in valleys, 
there are five and six course rotations, which 
answer admirably ; and any one commenc¬ 
ing un agricultural career may rest assured 
it is best to stick to some system, and, at the 
same time, not to bo changing varieties of 1 
stock on account of the fluctuations in prices; 
for, in a run of years, it will always be found 
safest to continue raising and selling at the 
market price. On several occasions I have 
known wool to have been kept over for years 
in succession, and sold at a good deal more 
for keeping; but when interest of money 
and some lit tle loss in weight was reckoned, it 
was found there was no great advantage 
after all. 
Establish a system, and then do not vary 
from it ; for instance, suppose a farmer sells 
his wether sheep at 15 or Hi months old, and, 
as all good managers do, he contrives to have 
them thriving from their birth, and as fat as 
tho best cairo and food can make them ; on 
some particular seasons he may have oppor¬ 
tunity to sell his lambs at a tempting price ; 
but ho should not do it, ns there must be 
cause for this extra value, aud it will natu¬ 
rally follow that he will gain more by hold¬ 
ing on till his usual time of selling; and 
should he part with Us own breed, it is many 
chances against his being able to replace 
them with any which would pay os well for 
keeping. It would bo the same in all similar 
cases with other stock : therefore, stick to a 
system. A Working Farmer. 
-- 
EARLY PASTURING. 
I would like to say a few words in behalf 
of the farming class. I refer to tui article 
from “ Daily Rural Life,” in the Burai. New- 
Yorker of April 19, regarding early pastur¬ 
ing. He implies that we turn out our 
cows in search of food. I would say that 
such is not the case, if he ever wintered 
from twenty to sixty cows, I would like to 
know liis experience—how he kept them 
through the spring without turning into his 
meadows or pastures. I do not pretend to 
gay that it does not injure meadow laud or 
pasture to have cattle roaming over them; 
but of two evils we choose the least. It Ins 
cows like to be confined to a yard or barn all 
the spring, his experience is different from 
mine. A man living in or near the city cau 
look upon and criticise the actions of his fel¬ 
low man very easily ; but I find theory and 
practice to be quite different. 
Henry Austin. 
