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MOORE’S RURAL WEW-YORMER 
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.” 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
BUliAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY MWSPAPKI. 
D. D. T. MOORE, 
OouduUmg Editor and PubliMber. 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW 8. FULLER, 
A««o«iute fdditoi'H. 
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EDXXVH Ok THk UkKAKYMkhT Ok SHKKK UOHBaKORY, 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Eoitok or TU* Dkf.BlMkNT OK D*uir McsBAN JiRV. 
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SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1ST3. 
“DANGER AHEAD.” 
A whiter, signing himself “Granger,'*Writes, 
under the above head, to one of our contempo¬ 
raries, that the 44 groat reform movement led 
by farmers is mere in danger from its strength 
than from its weakness," and gives the follow¬ 
ing reasons for his opinion : 
The price the farmer can get for Ids land and 
improvements is his capiial, mainly. 
In much of the West, this value lias been giveu 
tin- land by the b lilding up tf villages and towns 
in t lie neighbor nood. 
in almost all cumv, especially *>f villages, this 
building up of towns has been unduly the re¬ 
sult of the merchant sml t he mechanic Invest¬ 
ing ihetr capital In town lots, houses, and their 
stocks In trade. * 
Is it not plain if the luerclu.nt und mechanic 
find themselves out of business, that they will 
be forced eit her Into emigration or bankruptcy, 
or both V 
Could either of these events happen without 
eausiug a docliue in farm property in a ra'io 
inverse to the decline in value of their town 
iota, houses and stock in trade ? 
Would the advantages to be gained by the 
farmer of buying of lire distant city wholesaler 
or manufacturer, be an equivalent for tire loss 
he would sustain by the depreciation of Iris 
farm property, consequent upon the decay oi 
the town or vJIlugo near which it is situated 't 
Wo do not believe It necessary to the pros¬ 
perity of the farmer that there should be as 1 
large a commercial class in this country as there 
is—mere exchangers, we mean. For while evety 
uon-produoer of food is a consumer and must 
pay for what he consumes, the money lie pays 
for his food comes out of some kind of a pro¬ 
ducer. He gets paid for handling the produc¬ 
tion of others; and his profits mine out of the 
producer of the article handled and the con¬ 
sumer thereof. J f the per cent, ho thus obtains 
from handling the productions of others is an 
unnecessary expenditure, then lie wrongs, prac¬ 
tically, both consumer and producer, and his 
services can and ought to ha dispensed wiU. 
Tf he is thereby driven into some work of pro¬ 
duction lie thereby adds to, whereas now he 
takes fr mi, the resources of the country. 
To the extent that money in the hands of 
non-producers is kept in active movement, pay¬ 
ing for anl imptovlng land, building bouses, 
&c., &c., the producer fares belter by their ex¬ 
istence ; but if the uon-producer accumulates 
largely, and uses his accumulations to increase 
his po.ver over producers and consumers for 
his further aggrandizement, regardless ctf their 
prosperity, he becomes an oppressor and no 
benefit in a community. 
There is no fear that the men who have lived 
by the profits of exchange will enter into any 
business that will not pay. They know too 
much of the effects of over-production of agri¬ 
cultural products to become producers of the 
same. Nothing agriculturists can do will de¬ 
populate villages ; nor will it prevent the exist¬ 
ence of a mi idle class, who must do the hand¬ 
ling between producers and consumers, and 
who must be paid for their work. But a wiser 
and more economical system of exchanges will 
release a large class of non-producers and com¬ 
pel them to produce. It will destroy no wealth, 
nor affect values, relatively, except to increase 
ttie real value of all productive property. 
The value of town lots, especially in the West, 
is often fictitious, ami depends largely upon an 
abnormal and consequently unhealthy state of 
tnings. Tte value of town lots largely depends 
upon the opportunities » locality offers for con¬ 
trolling exchanges between the producer and 
consumer. If it merchant Unfi t be can sell fcjOO,- 
0Q0 worth of good* in one locality, easier and at 
better profit then In another, he can afford to 
and will pay a larger price for a lot, for a hom 
and business purposes, ii the one than in the 
other. If he so Invests his money, in most 
ca.-tes it is kept at homo and circulating there. 
If such Investments help to pay for more labor, 
and involve an increase In the local consump¬ 
tion of food by tnen who do not produce it, 
it benefits the farmer proportlonably. But it 
docs not follow that the same money would 
not reach the hands of producer* and the same 
valuation of farm land would not obt ain if pro¬ 
ducer and consumer wore brought in more di¬ 
rect communication, without the Interference 
of the local middleman. 
We are glad to see such considerations as this 
Correspondent hits written, put forward, how¬ 
ever. They help to a more careful and catholic 
view of the real relations of each class to the 
other, and all of us to discover what, our de¬ 
pendence is and where it lies. Tile machinery 
of our dally life runs so smoothly that wo are 
apt to forget that ii requires oiling, and to place 
a right value upon a small pinion, or bolt, or 
screw, which seems insignificant to look at, but 
which, if removed, rimy disorganize the whole 
system upon which we depend for comfort and 
enjoyment, it. is well, therefore, to begin to 
consider the offeut of costing out, as useless, 
any one class of our modern society. It may 
be best; but it is well to be sure we are right 
before we go ahead. 
-»-»» 
OBITUARY.-HIRAM POWERS. 
This groat American sculptor, the pioneer of 
American art Iti Europe, died in Florence. Italy, 
on the 87tb of June, in the flOth year of his age. 
lie was the son of a Vermont farmer, I be eighth 
child of a family of nine. His early Hie was 
spoilt on a farm. He went with his family to 
Ohio, where his father died, and lie entered a 
cloekmaker's shop In Cincinnati. Here a J’rus-' 
siau artist taught him how to model in clay. 
He loved the work, st udied it closely, and soon 
nad a local fume. Ho went t o Washington, and 
in 1838 became known to the country' through 
his busts of prominent men, making those of 
Adams. Jackson, Wkbhtkb, Calhoun, M ak- 
suaLi,, EvHBKtt and Van Burkn. Finally Mr. 
Long WORTH Of Cincinnati enabled young Pow¬ 
ers to go abroad, and he sailed for Florence, 
which lias boon his homo over since. In 18118 he 
produced his “Kve," a Hue work. Then fol¬ 
lowed the “Greek Slave," of which he has 
made six duplicates. Then came the " Fish¬ 
er Boy." “II I'emaruM , ’ “California,’’ and 
“ America." He received great patronage from 
the courts of Europe and accumulated n haiul- 
ume fortune. He rose to tin* highest rank as 
an artist, was everywhere admired for his tal¬ 
ents, and died universally regretted. He had 
an imposing funeral in Florence. Our picture 
of him, on next page, is a good representation 
of the sculptor in the last years of his life. 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES. 
How Graded Freight Tariffs are to Affect 
Western Farmers,—An Iowa paper lias uttered, 
in the following paragraph, what every man 
familiar with through freight transportation 
knows to be true. Railroad statistics show 
that the profits of railways are chiefly derived 
from local freights. If the freights are to be 
graded—If the local tariff is to be only in pro¬ 
portion to the charges made by railways for the 
transportation of through freights, then the 
railways will base their through freight tariffs 
upon local freight charges. Competition on 
through line* Is the only cause which has en¬ 
abled the farmer* of t lie West to get their grain, 
pork, beef and live stock into Eastern markets 
as cheaply us they have. Tho margin of profit 
on this through freight is very small —so small 
that, it Is assorted, theta is hot a railway that 
could ho run upon such a basis for all freights; 
nor would tho railway companies, jf they have 
to submit to such laws as the pro raid laws of 
Illinois, adjust their tariffs on the through 
freight basis. Of that law the Davenport Ga¬ 
zette makes the following comment, to which 
we call attention: 
It is a .serious question how such a law and 
other laws like it are to affect the Western far¬ 
mer. Jf it is the right thing for Illinois,it must 
be equally so for every State, and if a succession 
of graded tariffs, from the Mississippi to New 
York, are to be imposed upon Western wheat 
and oorn, then the cost of sending thorn "'ill be 
trebled, and no. mure corn and wheat will go 
that way to the ocean. Tho through rates are 
n^w, and always have been, less than half the 
local rates; but if through and local freights 
are to be put Into one cast-iron scale, increasing 
according to distance, the result must inevi¬ 
tably become prohibitory on Western grain. 
Here are facts which ought to challenge the 
Investigation of all VS estern men who are insist¬ 
ing that railway tariff’s, regulated by State laws, 
will cheapen communication between the East 
and West, 
-*♦« 
Fertilizer Gouging,—ft seems they have had 
a Commission for the Examination of Fertil¬ 
izers in New Hampshire; and that Commission 
has not satisfied everybody. A correspondent 
of the Mirror and Farmer says tbe doings of the 
Commission amount simply to this:—“They 
have indirectly, though not wittingly, contribu¬ 
ted to license the venders of a worthless com¬ 
pound." He adds:—"The mass of small farm¬ 
ers in the State are more or less in debt, A 
large proportion of them may be classert as old 
men. They can hardly be expected 6 »j hold 
their own. They are honest men. They have 
given attention personally to the action nod in- 
| lluence of the different fertilizers; they have 
been losing confidence In them fast, as they 
I should do and had reason *> do. They tell 
pleased when the Legislature took hold of this 
thing. They said, For once our Legislating;' 
shows sifii* of care for the tiller of the ground. 
But, sir, if they are to be influenced by the ac¬ 
tion of his Board it will only accelerate their 
i*peed t» sure perdition." This is good, straight 
talk, and suggests the Inquiry, “"Why do not 
New Hampshire farmer* make their own fertil¬ 
izers. Every farmer with forty acres or more 
of land can do so, if ne will ? How? by keeping 
stock and soiling it; and he need not grow a 
bushel less grain. He will produce double after 
a little. 
-*♦«-- 
List of American Jurors at the Vienna Ex- 
povition.—The following is a list, of the jurors 
who have been selected to represent the United 
States ct the Vienna Exposition : 
Group 1- Mining, Quarrying and Metallurgy— 
Thomas P. Eggleston, New York. 
Group Agriculture, Horticulture, and For¬ 
estry- J. A. Warder, Ohio. 
Group 3. Chemical Industry -J. Lawrence 
Smith, Kentucky. „ , „ .. . , 
Group4. Substances of rood as Products of 
Industry—E. V- Hereford, Massachusetts. 
Group 5. ’textile Industry and Clothing — 
Elisha Dyer, Rhode Island. 
Group 8. Leather and India-rubber Industry 
—Geo. VV. Allen, Wisconsin. 
Group 7. Metal Industry—Howard Painter, 
Pennsylvania. 
Group 8. Wood Industry—N. L. Lowe, Massa¬ 
chusetts. , 
Group 11. Stone, Earthenware, and Glass In¬ 
dustry- -Theodore Lymai.n, Massachusetts. 
Group 1U. Small Ware and Fancy Goods— 
Frank i>. Millet, Massachusetts. 
Group II. Paper Industry and Stationery- 
AlfredO- llorccs. New York. 
Group 12. Graphic Arls and Industrial Draw¬ 
ing—Thomas Na»t. New Jersey'. 
Group 13. Machinery and Means of Transport 
-It. II. Thurston, New Jersey, and Josepn E. 
Holmes, New York. 
Group 14. Philosophical and Surgical Instru¬ 
ment R. J). Lines, Massachusetts. 
Group 18. The Art of War Rufus Ingalls, U. 
8. Army. 
Group is. Civil Engineering; Public Works, 
and Architecture - Affred W. Craven, New 
York. 
Group 25, Fine Arts. 
Group 28. EIucation, Presidency—J. W. Hoyt, 
Wisconsin; J. D. Pnllbrlck, Massachusetts. 
Cheap Phrases. — 44 Agric;• Hurt 4 - is the life¬ 
blood of the American people," That is one of 
them — now thrown about the country in 
speeches and essays, by demagogues and those 
who are only anxious to rush into prominence 
and notoriety, cheaply, by retailing such phrases 
for tho gratification of the open-mouthed. It 
is sickening especially when the object is only 
to create or deepen discontent .among agricul¬ 
turists. When we bear a man using such lan¬ 
guage as an introduction to a tirade against 
other classes, we set him down as a man whom 
all sensible men should distrust. He means no 
good to any one but himself. He has an inor¬ 
dinate desire to be prominent. He is the last 
fellow in the world to take a hoe and go to 
work. He evidently thinks it. is his mission to 
do other people’s thinking for them; and his 
egotism is quite equal to the task. You will see 
his name in every paper to whose columns he 
can gain access, lie will talk mote twaddle in 
a given time than any partisan politician ; he is 
a chap to look out for! 
Advertising Agents.—Mr. J. H. Bates, for 
many years of the firm of 8 . M. Pettingill & 
Co., has associated himself with Mr. D. R. 
Locke (“Nasby”) of the Toledo Blade, and 
under the firm name of Bates and Locke, 
opened au Advertising Agency at No. 34 Park 
Row, Now York. Mr. B.’s adaptability to and 
long experience lathe business, together with 
Mr, Locke’s wide reputation, ought to assure 
the success of this new Agency. 
Mr. E. N. E hickson, who for ten years had an 
active charge in the affairs of the Advertising 
Agency of Peas lee &■ Co., and who has conse¬ 
quently been familiar with the large advertising 
contracts of that firm, has now become manag¬ 
ing partner in that house. His thorough famil¬ 
iarity with the business, and with both adver¬ 
tisers and publishers, will make the connection 
a desirable one for all concerned. 
- M l 
The Winter of 1871-72 is pronounoed by 
Prof. Shalek one of the dryest and coldest on 
record. The snow fall was light and the ground 
froze to an unprecedented depth, sufficient in I 
New England to involve the roots of the vege¬ 
tation and forests. The Arbor Vitaa, Red Cedar. 
Ye.low and White Pines suffered much, and all 
the coniferao in New England have been injured 
more or less. He says t he greatest damage was 
experienced in sandy soils, and contends that a 
Blight, addition to the degree of the drouth and 
the cold might have made such ravages with 
our forests as to have modified the climate and 
brought about a series of changes as great as 
those which mark the different geological for¬ 
mations of the past. 
A Greenhouse of Artificial Flowers is on ex¬ 
hibition at Vienna. Forty-one of tho leading 
artificial flower-makers of Paris have combined 
to send to the Vienna Exhibition a specimen of 
their united skill, which will prove Incontesta¬ 
bly that the capital of France still reigns su- 
. pretno in the matter of artificial flower manu- 
• facture. This patriotic contribution consists 
[ of n complete greenhouse, filled with flowers 
of every description, perfectly imttated. In it 
are Hyacinths, the illusion of which are the 
fibers thrown out by the roots; bouquets, in 
which one sees the flower freshly-blown, and 
I; that which has been in existence but two 
j, hours; wild flowers, the soft gray down of 
• which seems ready to float away. The whole 
j work Is described as a marvel of artistic skill 
! and unexampled patience. 
A Good Security.—The City of Rochester 7 
per cent. Bonds, — authorized by Act of the 
Legislature, entitled “An Act to Supply the 
City of Rochester with Pure and Wholesome 
; Water,” and advertised on our last page, 
, should attract the attention of I hose wishing to 
invest in safe and desirable securities. These 
bonds ought to sell readily at a premium, for 
). Rochester is among tho most thriving and 
1 prosperous cities in the Union, and few so 
i abound in resources which prorolteInereasod 
advancement and wealth. Savings Banks, In¬ 
surance Companies, &c., as well as individual 
capitalists, will And that these Water Works 
, Bonds, issued by the Metropolis of the Eden of 
America, (as the central city of Western New 
York has long been just ly styled,) will hear in¬ 
vestigation as a first-class .security. 
«♦« 
The Years of Plenty arc set over against the 
years of adversity. American farmers have 
been grumbling because their garners were so 
| full and prices were so low. The testimony 
that comes to us concerning the crops this year 
warrants ttie belief that there was need of the 
storehouses and that the crops of the past years 
should he held In the country. It may be that 
the farmers of the West, wiil yet be glad that 
they have been compelled to hold the old crop 
of corn for want of a market. The indications 
are that they will; and in the light of tho pres¬ 
ent outlook, we are glad to hear that there are 
millions of bushels of old corn lu the country. 
Weekly Crop Reports.—It is announced that, 
the Secretary of the Agricultural Congress Is 
about to issue a weekly crop report, and it is 
said “proposes to furnish to the Associated 
Press weekly reports by telegraph of tho con¬ 
dition of crops in every part of the United 
States." We hope he will “realize Wb highest 
expectations;” but such a report involves more 
careful labor and the expenditure of more 
money than some other things that are done 
weekly. 
-M«- 
Adulteration of Bone Dust,—It having been 
asserted that bone dust Is being largely adul¬ 
terated by vegetable ivory, the Manufacturer 
and Builder says, that vegetable ivory from the 
ivory nut la not bo abundant as to cause fear 
from adulteration from this source; on the 
contrary it is impossible as long as bones are 
economized and cheap. But the adulteration 
Is harmless in case the bone dust is used as a 
fertilizer; it is only less effective. 
I ___ 
Wornati’s Reason* for Liking the l’atrons of 
Husbandry is thus fftven Because I believe 
they are destined to place our fathers, brothers, 
and husbands in tho highest offices of trust and 
honor, and also to elevate us poor trodden- 
down females and drive cast from our land, and 
again restore life, liberty and happiness, which 
the laboring class have so long been deprived 
of." Reasons enough to he sure! 
Rupid Telegraphing.—We shall be able to tel¬ 
egraph as fast as we can talk. Tho recent speech 
of Queen Victoria, containing 80 S words, was 
transmitted from London to York, 200 miles, in 
six and a half minutes, or at the rate of 132 
words per minute. 
Cornell University.—The next year of this 
popular institution begins Sept. 8. See an¬ 
nouncement in our advertising department,—or 
for Registers, with full information, address 
the University, Ithaca, N. Y. 
- 
Catalogues, Etc., Received. — From R. B. 
Woodward, San Francisco, Cal., Illustrated 
Guido and Catalogue of Woodward's Gardens, 
embracing Museum, Tropical Animal-House, 
Conservatory, Tropical Plant-House, &c., &c. 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
Tbe Fruit Growers of Louisiana are to hold 
an exhibition at the Exposition Building in 
New Orleans, July 17. 
C. B. M ERWIN: — We. cannot forward to you 
descriptive catalogues of the various incubators, 
for we have not got them, and do not know 
where they can be obtained. 
BUSINESS NOTICES 
LYONS MUSICAL ACADEMY. 
ONE of the most thorough and successful institu¬ 
tions of Its kind. Students fitted for teachers. Next 
School Year begins Sept. 10. Send for xB .v Circular 
aud Catalogue. O. S. ADAMS, Principal, 
Lyons, Wayne Co., N. Y. 
-*M- 
Bny the Eureka Machine Twist, and take no 
other. For length, strength, smoothness and elas¬ 
ticity it is unequaled. 
