PROCRESS AND IMPROVEMENT." 
day. as they ever were. Just a* much corn and 
more too, is consumed in the production of 
alcohol as ever. What is the trouble then? 
Over production. Do we want English farmers 
here, then, to help increase our surplus and our 
embarrassments? Do we need more farmers in 
this country ? Do we want more labor wasted 
in opening and cultivating lands and producing 
crop* for which there Is no market? We com¬ 
mend these questions to Mr. ,T0S8rn Anew as 
he listens to the glowing hifalutin of land 
agents and speculators. 
minority. The bread and meats, well made, 
wholesome as to bread and meat, nicely dressed 
hams and sirloins as to ments of English mar¬ 
kets are In striking contrast to the appearance 
of our own shops. The fact Is, if we had more 
wholesome bread, and better fed and more 
carefully-handled meat, and purer milk, wo 
should have fewer drug-shops In this country 
Added, the number, would bo less if wo had 
more good cooks and caterers—If more atten¬ 
tion was paid to hygiene. 
A NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED 
CouducCiug Editor and 
CHAS. D. BRAGDON, ANDREW 8. PULLER, 
A»»o«iate Editors. 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D., Cortland Village, N. Y,, 
EdITOK OK THK Dki-AKTKXXT ok SlfKKP HoKBAKUBV. 
X. A. WILLARD, A. M., Little Falls, N. Y., 
Ei>jto» 09 THK Dkkartvbnt ow Daihy Hurhanoby, 
Educating farmers to Lend TlieimelveM._ 
D. W. Adams, the MaeteroftheNatlonal Grange 
of Patrons of Husbandry, is reported as having 
said recently to Iowa ferine ra j—*• The Patrons 
propose to educate and discipline their mem¬ 
bers until they can dispense with leaders aud 
lead themselves.” It la a pity that the Patrons 
have not bad the educating and disciplining of 
Mr. S. M. SMITH—for wo fconciude they have 
not—for lie needs to learn how to lead himself. 
Me hear he has decided to make no more 
speeches. It is a good resolution, and for the 
sake of the farmers of the Northwest we hope 
he will stick to it, unless he learns to’talk more 
RURAL NOTES AND QUERIES, 
Tea in Iowa.— An Omaha paper states that a 
ItiiV. 8. D. Hopkins of Iowa, after searching 
throughout Vermont, New Hampshire, Con¬ 
necticut, New York and Pennsylvania for some 
good stock on which to graft the tea plant of 
China at last found, in Crawford Co., Iowa, a 
plant called “ Manch-ett” that has served Jus 
purpose, and that this plant, into which tea 
clonri can be successfully grafted, will grow as 
thick as grass, and can be cut wit h a mowing 
machine, and t he tea picked at leisure, instead 
of by band and from shrubs as from China. 
Again, it is assorted that “in the stock of the 
Manch-ett plant a material has been discovered 
which, dissolved in water, will make the tea 
leaves water-proof and will roil und contract 
more tea in fifteen minutes than 100 Chinese 
chiIdren could do in a day.” So great confidence 
(TERMS, IN AOVANCE : 
Subscription.— Slagle Copy, *2.50 per Year. To 
Clubs:—Five Copies, and one copy free to Agent or 
getter up of Club, for *12.00; Seven Copies, and one 
free, for lie j Ten Copies, und one free, *20—only *2 
per copy. As we are obliged to pre-pay the American 
postage on papers mailed to foreign countries. Twenty 
Cents should be added to above rates for each yearly 
copy mailed to Canuda, nnd One Dollar per copy to 
Bui ope. Drafts, Post-Offloc Money Orders nnd Regis¬ 
tered Letters may be mailed at our risk, tar* Liberal 
Premiums to all Club Agents who do not take free 
copies. Specimen Numbers, Show-Bills, &c., sent free, 
did not tell us how they proposed to remedy 
these “ evils,” but they were going to be reme¬ 
died. The Patrons were sure to succeed. The 
reason why railroudsbeJd farmers in their grasp 
was because we had not enough railways to 
transport our produce. But be did not intimate 
that any of the .sufferings of farmers resulted 
from over-production—that all the railways 
that could be built would not create u demand 
for produce beyond the necessities of 
sumers. 
Then an Ohio Deputy took the stund-i 
by the uarne of Wit. 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
InBide, 1Mb and 15th pu#cs (Agate space).90c, per line. 
7th and 13th pages.. “ 
Outside or last page....1.50 •* 
,,Fifty pw cent, extra for unusual display. 
bpdotal Notices, leaded, by count.2.00 u 
Business “ 2 .50 
Iteadtug 3.00 “ 
S3T No advertisement inserted for less than *3. 
PUBLICATION OFFICES: 
No. 5 Beekman Street, New York City, and No. 82 
Buffalo Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
con 
.ktnson. He was less tem¬ 
perate than the Iowan. He was going to have 
a Government railway at public expense. The 
Patrons were going to lift tho burthens from 
How, was a secret. 
the farmers’ shoulders. ._ 
They did not intend to interfere with politics. 
They were going to raise the standard of intel¬ 
ligence among farmers, to keep their young 
men on the farm, to secure fair representation 
in Legislat ures and in Congress. Then he en¬ 
tered upon the sea or denunciation, sawed t he 
air like an old-fashioned windmill, and asserted 
that the farmers of tho West were going to get 
what they demanded, pcacably if they could, 
but would secure It If they had to " Wade hnee 
devp in blond /” 
Why couldn't this proselyte of the Patrons 
have left, off his threats ? It does not help the 
Order one particle to talk about blood und 
thunder. It gives an Impression of buncombe 
and Insincerity. It docs no good, and better 
always be omitted. Sensible, thoughtful men 
are not to be won to regard the Order with 
favor by any such talk. 
Standard Cranberry Package*. — At a late 
meeting of the New Jersey Cranberry Growers’ 
Association, standard packages were adopted 
for marketing the fruit. The crates an to con¬ 
tain one l usbel ouch “ rounded" mcasure-tho 
“round" being quarts more than an even 
bushel. The standard barrel is to be of just 
three times the capacity of the crate (three 
bushel), and is tho same as that of the (Jape Cod 
Association, thereby securing uniformity. All 
standard packages nro to be marked with a 
brand composed of the initials of tho associa¬ 
tion and of the manufacturer (tin? latter be¬ 
tween two arrow-beads), precautions boing 
takon to prevent the branding of fraudulent 
sizes. 
The Rural ai die Falra.-SeveraJ of our Club 
Agents, and some other persons, have kindly 
sent to us for specimen numbers, etc., to ex¬ 
hibit at their Fairs, with a view or obtaining 
subscribers. We have complied with all such 
requests thus for, and .shall be glad to do so in 
all cases wherein persons arc disposed to aid in 
extending the Kcual’b circulation. Send for 
tin: documents, friends, and you shall be ac¬ 
commodated right speedily! 
Railroad Ouirages.—There have been, during 
the past two months reports of attempts iu 
various parts of the West tu wreck railway 
trains; aud these attempts have been attrib¬ 
uted to Patrons of Husbandry and the farmers 
who ore making war upon railway companies 
because of .their freight discrimination*. We 
do not suppose any one 1ms really beliuvod that 
the mass of farmers instigated or countenanced 
any such outrages. But the Hancock, III., 
Patrons of Husbandry have thought proper to 
formally disavow such conduct, and having 
heard that certain railway trucks have been ob¬ 
structed, and bridges aud cars burned by per¬ 
sons calling themselves “Grangers,” have adopt¬ 
ed and published the following resolution: 
'Ibat tbe perpetrators of these crime* and 
outrages ore not mom burs of our Order thai 
the teachings of this Order are in direct aud 
positive opposition to all crime and lawlessness 
of whatever character; that, on tin contrary 
they inculcate the strictest respect fur the 
rights of individual.-, and of property; that wo I 
the Patrons of Hancock iJouruv, In convention 
assembled, do deny the responsibility of our 
Urdrr in such outrages, and denounce the per¬ 
petrators thereof an criminals and out laws, and 
enemies of their race. 
SBC 
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1873. 
VACATION:LETTERS, 
i f Working Editor Out of Harness. 
It is as cool here as a cucumber. I notice 
that the girls, even, who hate washing dishes, 
rue glad to Sit. by the kitchen lire; for, be it 
known, the absurd old custom prevails hero of 
“taking down the stoves” (and not putting 
them up again) when tho early spring churning 
is done. Somehow or other, these farmers’ 
wives and their daughters seem to have an 
utter horror of a stove iu the room from the 
middle of April until the middle of October. 
Hence, they shiver, if they do not shake with 
fever and ague, as many do in some parts of the 
country. It is a wonder more do not so shake. 
If you examine closely the paper on the walls 
nf some of these houses, you’ll find it moldy. I 
called the attention of one housekeeper to the 
fact and sho said:—“It is curious; but the 
paper molds every summer, while in winter and 
in the cold damp weather of spring and lull, 
there is no mold to he seen. Something is the 
MR. ARCH’S MISSION TO AMERICA 
Mn. Joseph Aura is an Englishman who 
comes to this country, its t ho representative of 
the agricultural laborers of Great Britain, to 
investigate the condition of agriculture and 
agriculturists in this country with a view of 
determining whether he can counsel his broth¬ 
er laborers to come hither and secure home¬ 
steads and independence. In pursuing this 
Investigation he will doubtless have all possible 
facilities afforded him, especially by the various 
immigration and railway companies who have 
lands they desire to sell or to be settled. The 
South and the West will compete to win his 
influence with his countrymen. He will have 
to see, hear aud read a great deal ere he will be 
able to pick out t he best place for his brethren 
provided he decides to counsel them to come 
here at ail. 
But do we want these English farm laborers 
here? We certainly need more help on tho 
farms if they are stimulated to the maximum 
ol production. Few men but will promptly 
say, “yes, let them come; we need them!” 
| What, with over production embarrassing the 
food-producing population now?—when men 
are asserting there is no money to be made by 
fanning?—when corn is ten cents per bushel? 
Do we need, and is It desirable we should have 
any more producers of farm crops? This de¬ 
sire to realize on land subsidies, by the railways 
that have received them, has resulted in the 
greatest exertion to stimulate Immigration and 
in vast areas of land devoted to unmarketable 
products. It has developed agriculture and 
ignored the necessary adjustment of population 
in order that the food he produced might yield 
the farmer adequate return. Hence his de¬ 
pendence upon railways and foreign markets; 
hence his embarrassment to-day. 
Be it understood, we are not opposed to nor 
opposing immigration. As a consumer, and not. 
a producer of food products, our interests ap¬ 
parently consist in getting food as cheap as we 
can; and In order that It may be cheap the ag¬ 
gregate available production must be large. 
Even If production were not increased, cheaper 
transportation would cheapen our food, with¬ 
out adding to the cash in the pocket of the 
producer. Those who expect cheaper trans¬ 
portation to solve this question of profit to the 
producer are, in our opinion, going to be mis¬ 
taken if they think It will inorease his profits ' 
except as it will diminish the general cost of 
everything, by giving us all cheaper living. It is 
not high rates of transportation that prevent 
the sale of corn at a profit. If there was a de¬ 
mand for the corn a high price and high freight 
rates would not prevent us haling It. People 
The American Homological Society.—This is 
the last issue of the Rural New-Yokker that 
will reach our re a dors prior to the Quarter- 
Centennial Meeting ol’ this organization at 
Boston, Sept. 10. This Society was organized iu 
New York in ISIS. it has held meetings in New 
\ OTk, Cincinnati, Philadelphia, Boston, Roches¬ 
ter and Richmond, it has accomplished a vast 
amount of useful work, concentrating and 
crystalizing the experience of the best pomolo- 
gists in the several Stales, by reports and dis¬ 
cussions, into its Catalogue of Fruits adapted 
to different localities, until there are now iti its 
Catalogue over 000 varieties recommended, as 
many more having been rejected as unworthy- 
such distinction. Its venerable President. Hon. 
Marshall P. Wilder, has been most active in 
his exertions to make the coming meeting a 
great success aud has been most efficiently 
aided by the citizens of Boston. Those of our 
readers who are fortunate enough to attend 
this mpetiug will never be sorry that they were 
there. 
RURAL BREVITIES. 
A Grange of Patrons of Husbandry has been 
organized in Boston. 
Samuel W. Coburn, a representative Maine 
1 arm or, recently died at Skowhegan, Me. 
Dm Prentice has been appointed Prof, of 
Veterinary Scionce in tbe Illinois Industrial 
University. 
TEXAS papers say that tho recent rains will 
crop of cotton in the northern part 
make a full > 
Of that State. — 
Tmb Patrons of Husbandry have organized a 
Woohm factory Ass’n at Dakota. Iowa, with 
o30,000 capital. 
Pitor. M. Miles of the Michigan Ag, College, 
has declined the Professorship of Agriculture 
in the Illinois Industrial University, proffered 
to him. 
Wk acknowledge the receipt of the Report of 
the Board of Trustees of the Agricultural Col¬ 
lege of Pennsylvania “ with the compliments of 
James Caldek, President." 
J. H. Johnson, Pittsburgh, Pa., sends us his 
retail catalogue of guns, rifles, revolvers, am¬ 
munition, etc. He is wise enough tn advertise 
in the Rural New-Yorker. 
It is asserted that the Farmers’ Association of 
Champaign Co., Ill., recently sent to Chicago 19 
car-loads of corn on which they saved $500, by 
attending to the business themselves. 
Eugene W. Hilgard, Professor of Chemistry 
in the University of Mississippi, has resigned 
his chair, to take tho chair of Chemistry in the 
Disgraceful to Producers is the 
manner in 
which many of them put their products upon 
the market. It is not only disgraceful but 
unprofitable. A man who, as the dealer says, 
“tries to srnouge” (not an elegant but very- 
expressive expression) is marked. He need 
not flatter himself that, his folly and wicked¬ 
ness are overlooked. The man who sends a crate 
of tomatoes, the exterior layers of which are 
fine and the center of the cratd filled with the 
vilest stuff is sure to be remembered. There 
are some men who will not send a poor article 
to market but will utilize it in some way at 
home. Such men are always doing better than 
they think. They are sure to be known and 
their products sought after. The reputation 
they thi& get is better than any possible news¬ 
paper reputation they may attain, good as that 
may be. If each of our readers could spend a 
day in the N. Y. markets, they would learn 
something many of them do not seem to know. 
BUSINESS NOTICES 
The Beautiful Engravings of birds in Avilude 
cost hundreds of dollars, and the fine and instructive 
descriptions many weeks of labor. Every family 
ought tu have It. For sale by all booksellers and toy 
dealers, or scut, post-p id, on receipt of seventy-five 
cents, by W i.ST ,t Lee, Worcester, M,t*s. 
* An excellent addition to our home amusements.” 
—Christian Union. 
Drugs vs. Fruit and Bread.—An American 
in London notes the great difference in point of 
numbers and proportion of bakers and butchers 
to drug-shops as compared with American cit¬ 
ies. The drug-venders in England are in woful 
